 Himalia as seen by Cassini-Huygens | |
Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | C. D. Perrine |
| Discovery date | December 3, 1904 |
| Periapsis | 9,782,900 km |
| Apoapsis | 13,082,000 km |
| Mean orbit radius | 11,460,000 km[1] |
| Eccentricity | 0. Cassini–Huygens is a joint NASA / ESA / ASI Robotic spacecraft mission currently studying the planet Saturn and its Charles Dillon Perrine ( July 28 1867 – June 21 1951) was an Argentine Astronomer. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on In Physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved path of one object around a point or another body for example the gravitational orbit of a planet around a star In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Remote Authentication Dial In User Service ( RADIUS) is a networking protocol that provides centralized access authorization and accounting management for people or computers The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand In Astrodynamics, under standard assumptions, any Orbit must be of Conic section shape 16[1] |
| Orbital period | 250. The orbital period is the time taken for a given object to make one complete Orbit about another object 56 d (0. 704 a)[1] |
| Average orbital speed | 3. A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the Orbit of the Earth around the Sun The orbital speed of a body generally a Planet, a Natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a Multiple star, is the speed at which it 312 km/s |
| Inclination | 27. Inclination in general is the Angle between a Reference plane and another plane or axis of direction 50° (to the ecliptic) 29. The ecliptic is the apparent path that the Sun traces out in the sky during the year 59° (to Jupiter's equator)[1] |
| Satellite of | Jupiter |
Physical characteristics | |
| Mean radius | 85 km |
| Surface area | ~90,800 km² |
| Volume | ~2,570,000 km³ |
| Mass | 6. A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. Equation A spheroid centered at the origin and rotated about the z axis is defined by the implicit equation \left(\frac{x}{a}\right^2+\left(\frac{y}{a}\right^2+\left(\frac{z}{b}\right^2 Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The volume of any solid plasma vacuum or theoretical object is how much three- Dimensional space it occupies often quantified numerically CM3 redirects here If you were looking for the 3rd game in the Cooking Mama series abbreviated as CM3 see here. Mass is a fundamental concept in Physics, roughly corresponding to the Intuitive idea of how much Matter there is in an object 7×1018 kg |
| Mean density | 2. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 6 g/cm³ (assumed) |
| Equatorial surface gravity | ~0. The surface gravity, g, of an astronomical or other object is the Gravitational acceleration experienced at its surface 062 m/s2 (0. 006 g) |
| Escape velocity | ~0. In Physics, escape velocity is the speed where the Kinetic energy of an object is equal to the magnitude of its Gravitational potential energy 100 km/s |
| Sidereal rotation period | ~0. The rotation period of an astronomical object is the time it takes to complete one revolution around its Axis of rotation relative to the background stars 4 d (10 h) |
| Albedo | 0. The albedo of an object is the extent to which it diffusely reflects light from the sun 04[2] |
| Temperature | ~124 K |
Himalia (pronounced /haɪˈmeɪliə/ or /hɪˈmɑliə/, as Greek ‘Ιμαλíα) is the largest irregular satellite of Jupiter. Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature In Astronomy, an irregular moon is a Natural satellite following a distant inclined, and often retrograde Orbit. A natural satellite or moon is a Celestial body that Orbits a Planet or smaller body which is called the primary. It was discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at the Lick Observatory on 1904 December 3[3] and is named after the nymph Himalia who bore three sons of Zeus (the Greek equivalent of Jupiter). Charles Dillon Perrine ( July 28 1867 – June 21 1951) was an Argentine Astronomer. The Lick Observatory is an astronomical Observatory, owned and operated by the University of California. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of mythological entities in human female form Himalia is a Nymph in Greek mythology. Zeus was enamoured with her and she produced three sons with him Spartaios, Kronios, and Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology
Contents |
Name
Himalia did not receive its present name until 1975;[4] before then, it was simply known as Jupiter VI or Jupiter Satellite VI, although calls for a full name appeared shortly after its and Elara's discovery; A. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. TemplateInfobox Planet.--> Elara (, or as in Greek Ελάρα C. D. Crommelin wrote in 1905,
Unfortunately the numeration of Jupiter's satellites is now in precisely the same confusion as that of Saturn's system was before the numbers were abandoned and names substituted. A similar course would seem to be advisable here; the designation V for the inner satellite was tolerated for a time, as it was considered to be in a class by itself; but it has now got companions, so that this subterfuge disappears. The substitution of names for numerals is certainly more poetic. [5]
The moon was sometimes called Hestia,[6] after the Greek goddess, from 1955 to 1975. In Greek mythology, virginal Hestia, (Roman name Vesta daughter of Kronus and Rhea, ( ancient Greek) is the Goddess
Orbit
It is the largest member of the group that bears its name, the moons orbiting between 11. The Himalia group is a group of Prograde Irregular satellites of Jupiter that follow similar Orbits to Himalia and are thought to have a common 4 and 13 million kilometers from Jupiter at an inclination of about 27. 5°. [7] The orbital elements are as of January 2000. [1] They are continuously changing due to Solar and planetary perturbations.
Physical characteristics
Himalia appears neutral (grey), like the other members of its group, with colour indices B-V=0. In Astronomy, the color index is a simple numerical expression that determines the color of an object which in the case of a Star gives its Temperature 62, V-R= 0. 4, similar to a C-type asteroid. C-type asteroids are Carbonaceous Asteroids They are the most common variety forming around 75% of known Asteroids {Fact|date=July 2008}} and an even higher [8] Measurements by Cassini confirm a featureless spectrum, with a slight absorption at 3 μm which could indicate the presence of water. The electromagnetic (EM spectrum is the range of all possible Electromagnetic radiation frequencies [9]
Exploration
In November 2000, the Cassini spacecraft, enroute to Saturn, made a number of images of Himalia, including photos from a distance as close as 4. Cassini–Huygens is a joint NASA / ESA / ASI Robotic spacecraft mission currently studying the planet Saturn and its 4 million km. The moon covers only a few pixels, but seems to be an elongated object with axes 150 ± 20 and 120 ± 20 km, close to the Earth-based estimations. [2]
In February and March 2007, the New Horizons spacecraft to Pluto made a series of images of Himalia, culminating in photos from a distance of eight million km. New Horizons is a Robotic spacecraft mission by NASA currently underway Again, Himalia appears only a few pixels across.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e Jacobson, R. In Astronomy, an irregular moon is a Natural satellite following a distant inclined, and often retrograde Orbit. A. (2000). "The orbits of outer Jovian satellites". Astronomical Journal 120: 2679-2686. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ a b Porco, Carolyn C. ; et al. (March 2003). "Cassini Imaging of Jupiter's Atmosphere, Satellites, and Rings". Science 299: 1541-1547. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ "Discovery of a Sixth Satellite of Jupiter" (1905 January 9). Astronomical Journal 24 (18): 154B;. ; "Sixth Satellite of Jupiter Confirmed (Himalaia)" (1905 January 25). Harvard College Observatory Bulletin 175: 1. ; Perrine, C. D. (1905). "Discovery of a Sixth Satellite to Jupiter". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 17: 22–23. ; Perrine, C. D. (1905). "Orbits of the sixth and seventh satellites of Jupiter". Astronomische Nachrichten 169: 43–44.
- ^ Marsden, B. G. (7 October 1974). "Satellites of Jupiter". IAUC Circular 2846.
- ^ Crommelin, A. C. D. (March 10 1905)). "Provisional Elements of Jupiter's Satellite VI". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 65 (5): 524–527.
- ^ Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia; Katherine Haramundanis (1970). Introduction to Astronomy. Englewood Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-134-78107-4.
- ^ Sheppard, S. S., Jewitt, D. C., Porco, C.; Jupiter's Outer Satellites and Trojans, in Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, edited by Fran Bagenal, Timothy E. Scott S Sheppard is an Astronomer in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution for Science. David C Jewitt is a Professor of Astronomy at the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy. Carolyn Porco (born March 6 1953 in New York City) is an American planetary scientist known for Dowling, William B. McKinnon, Cambridge Planetary Science, Vol. 1, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-81808-7, 2004, pp. 263-280
- ^ Rettig, Terrence W. (2001). "Implied Evolutionary Differences of the Jovian Irregular Satellites from a BVR Color Survey". Icarus 154: 313-320. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Chamberlain, Matthew A. ; Brown, Robert H. (2004). "Near-infrared spectroscopy of Himalia". Icarus 172: 163-169. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
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