City of Hamilton
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Together Aspire - Together Achieve
Location in the province of Ontario, Canada
Coordinates: 43°15′19″N 79°52′23″W / 43.25528, -79.87306
Country	Canada
Province	Ontario
Incorporated	June 9, 1846[1]
Government
- Mayor	Fred Eisenberger
- City Council	Hamilton City Council
- MPs	List of MPs Dean Allison Chris Charlton David Christopherson Wayne Marston David Sweet
- MPPs	List of MPPs Sophia Aggelonitis Andrea Horwath Tim Hudak Ted McMeekin Paul Miller
Area [2]
- City	1,138. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to cities, counties, Towns Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Fred Eisenberger (born 1952 is a Dutch - Canadian politician He is the current Mayor of Hamilton Ontario, Canada, having been A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. The Hamilton City Council is the governing body of the City of Hamilton Ontario, Canada. The 39th Canadian Parliament was in session from April 3 2006 until September 7 2008 Dean Allison (born February 18, 1965 in London Ontario is a Conservative member of the Canadian House of Commons from the riding of Chris Charlton, MP, MA is the current Member of Parliament for Hamilton Mountain with the New Democratic Party David Christopherson (born October 5, 1954) is a Canadian Politician. Wayne L Marston (born February 27, 1947 in Sisson Ridge New Brunswick) is a Canadian politician David S Sweet (born June 24, 1957 in Kingston Ontario is a Canadian Member of Parliament who began serving his first term of office in January 2006 A Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP is an elected member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, Canada. Sophia Aggelonitis is a Canadian politician She was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 2007 provincial election, representing the Andrea Horwath (pronounced Horvath is a Politician in Ontario, Canada. Timothy Hudak is a Politician in Ontario, Canada. He is currently a member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, representing the riding of Ted McMeekin (born about 1948 is a politician residing in Flamborough Ontario, Canada. Paul Miller (born February 7, 1951) is a politician in Hamilton Ontario, and Member of Provincial Parliament representing the provincial constituency Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 11 km² (439. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 sq mi)
- Land	1,117. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 11 km² (431. 3 sq mi)
- Water	21 km² (8. 1 sq mi)
- Urban	227. 70 km² (87. 9 sq mi)
- Metro	1,371. 76 km² (529. 6 sq mi)
Elevation	75–324 m (246–1,063 ft)
Population (2006)[3]
- City	504,559
- Density	451. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/km² (1,169. 6/sq mi)
- Metro	692,911
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Postal code span	L8E to L8W
Area code(s)	(905) and (289)
Website: http://www.myhamilton.ca/

Hamilton (pronounced /ˈhæməltən/) (2006 population 504,559; UA population 647,634; CMA population 692,911) is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during Daylight saving time ( DST The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America UTC−4 is the Time offset used in the Atlantic Standard Time Zone in Canada in winter and the North American Eastern Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 905 (with overlay Area code 289) is a telephone dialing area for south central Ontario. The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population The census geographic units of Canada are the Country subdivisions defined and used by Canada's federal government statistics bureau Statistics Canada to Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Conceived by George Hamilton when he purchased the Durand farm shortly after the War of 1812,^[4] Hamilton has become the centre of a densely populated and industrialized region at the west end of Lake Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe. George Hamilton (1788-1836 was a Canadian merchant and politician who founded the city of Hamilton Ontario. James Durand ( 1775 - March 22 1833) was a businessman and political figure in Upper Canada. The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. As far as I know the Golden Horseshoe is ancient history and this page should be renamed (or forwarded to to Greater Golden Horseshoe now that Statistics Canada is (finally using the same On January 1, 2001 the new City of Hamilton was formed through amalgamation of the former City with the constituent towns of the Hamilton-Wentworth Regional Municipality. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. ^[5] Residents of the city are known as Hamiltonians. ^[6] Since 1981, the metropolitan area has been listed as the ninth largest in Canada and the third largest in Ontario. The table below lists the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada by population using data from the Canada 2001 Census[http //www12

Traditionally, the local economy has been led by the steel and heavy manufacturing industries. Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to Light industry. Within the last decade, there has been a shift towards the service sector, particularly health sciences. The Hamilton Health Sciences corporation employs nearly 10,000 staff and serves approximately 2. The Hamilton General Hospital is major Teaching hospital on the corners of Barton Street East and Victoria Avenue North in downtown Hamilton, 2 million people in the region. ^[7] Hamilton was the host of the first Commonwealth Games, then called British Empire Games in 1930. The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. The 1930 British Empire Games were the first of what later become known as the Commonwealth Games, and were held in Hamilton Ontario, Canada

Hamilton is home to the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, the Bruce Trail, McMaster University and several colleges. See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum is a major Canadian aviation museum The Bruce Trail is a Hiking (and multi-use trail in southern and central Ontario, Canada. McMaster redirects here for others see McMaster (disambiguation. The Canadian Football Hall of Fame can be found downtown right beside Hamilton City Hall and across town to the east, the Canadian Football League's Hamilton Tiger-Cats play at Ivor Wynne Stadium. See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a Not-for-profit corporation located Hamilton City Hall is located in downtown Hamilton Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Football League (CFL ( Ligue canadienne de football (LCF in The Hamilton Tiger-Cats are a Canadian Football League team based in Hamilton Ontario, founded in 1950 with the merger of the Hamilton Tigers and the See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario Ivor Wynne Stadium (originally Civic Stadium) is a Canadian football Stadium located at the Partly because of its diverse locations, numerous TV and film productions have been filmed in Hamilton, regulated by the Hamilton Film and Television Office. ^[8] A growing arts and culture sector garnered media attention in a 2006 Globe and Mail news article, entitled "Go West, Young Artist," which focused on the growing art scene in Hamilton. The Globe and Mail is a Canadian English language nationally distributed Newspaper, based in Toronto and printed in six cities The article highlighted local art galleries, recording studios and independent film production.

History

Main article: History of Hamilton, Ontario

United Empire Loyalists, statue, Hamilton Courthouse, Main Street East

In pre-colonial times, the Neutral Indians used much of the land but were gradually driven out by the Five (later Six) Nations (Iroquois) who were allied with the British against the Huron and their French allies. See also Historical Timeline of events in Hamilton Ontario, Economic History of Hamilton Ontario See also List of Royal visits to Hamilton Ontario, The name United Empire Loyalists is a honorific name which has been given after the fact to those American Loyalists who resettled in British North America and other See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Main Street, is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. The Viceroyalty of New France (Nouvelle-France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the The Neutrals, also known as the Attawandaron, were an Iroquoian nation of North American native people who lived near the shores of Lake Ontario The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse New France under British Rule See also Province of Quebec (1763-1791 In North America Seven Years' War officially ended with the signing of the "Huron" redirects here For other uses see Huron (disambiguation. A member of the Iroquois Confederacy provided the route and name for Mohawk Road, which originally included King street in the lower city. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Mohawk Road, is an Upper City (mountain arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada.

In 1784, about 10,000 United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada (what is now southern Ontario), chiefly in Niagara, around the Bay of Quinte, and along the St. Lawrence River between Lake Ontario and Montreal. The name United Empire Loyalists is a honorific name which has been given after the fact to those American Loyalists who resettled in British North America and other The Province of Upper Canada (French Province du Haut-Canada) was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario The Bay of Quinte is on the northern shore of Lake Ontario. Located about 200 kilometers east of Toronto and 400 west of Montreal, the Bay of Quinte Saint Lawrence River (in French: fleuve Saint-Laurent; Kahnawáˀkye in Tuscarora, Kaniatarowanenneh meaning big waterway Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec They were soon followed by many more Americans, some of them not so much ardent loyalists but attracted nonetheless by the availability of inexpensive, arable land. At the same time, large numbers of Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves west of Lake Ontario. The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse ^[9]

The town of Hamilton was conceived by George Hamilton (a son of a Queenston entrepreneur and founder, Robert Hamilton), when he purchased farm holdings of James Durand, the local Member of the British Legislative Assembly, shortly after the War of 1812. George Hamilton (1788-1836 was a Canadian merchant and politician who founded the city of Hamilton Ontario. The Village of Queenston is located 5 km north of Niagara Falls Ontario in the Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake. Robert Hamilton ( September 14 1753 - March 8 1809) was a businessman judge and political figure in Upper Canada. James Durand ( 1775 - March 22 1833) was a businessman and political figure in Upper Canada. The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected Legislature for the province of Upper Canada and functioned as the province's Lower house. The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies ^[4] Nathaniel Hughson, a property owner to the north, cooperated with George Hamilton to prepare a proposal for a courthouse and jail on Hamilton's property. Nathaniel Hughson, born 16 July 1755 at New York. died 1 November 1837 at Hamilton Ontario. Hamilton offered the land to the crown for the future site. Durand was empowered by Hughson and Hamilton to sell property holdings which later became the site of the town. As he had been instructed, Durand circulated the offers at York during a session of the Legislative Assembly and a new Gore District was established of which the Hamilton town site was a member. York was the name of Toronto, Ontario, between 1793 and 1834 and second capital of Upper Canada. The Gore District was a historic District in Upper Canada which existed until 1849 ^[4]

Grand Lodge of Canada on King Street West

Initially, this town was not the most important centre of the Gore District. The Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Canada in the Province of Ontario is a masonic Grand Lodge with jurisdiction over 578 masonic lodges located A permanent jail was not constructed until 1832 when a cut-stone design was completed on one of the two squares created in 1816, Prince's Square. ^[4] Subsequently, the first police board and the town limits were defined by statute on February 13, 1833. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed Year 1833 ( MDCCCXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common ^[10] Official City status was achieved on June 9, 1846 by an act of Parliament, 9 Victoria Chapter 73. Events 53 - Roman Emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia 62 - Claudia Octavia commits For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories ^[1]

As the city grew, several prominent buildings were constructed in the late 19th century, including the Grand Lodge of Canada in 1855,^[11] a public library in 1890, and the Right House department store in 1893. The Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Canada in the Province of Ontario is a masonic Grand Lodge with jurisdiction over 578 masonic lodges located Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year The first commercial telephone service in Canada, the first telephone exchange in the British Empire, and the second telephone exchange in all of North America all were established in the city between 1877–78. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. ^[12]

Scottish Rite Castle/ Masonic Centre, onetime home of George Elias Tuckett, Hamilton's 27th Mayor, on Queen Street South

Though suffering through the Hamilton Street Railway strike of 1906, with industrial businesses expanding, Hamilton's population doubled between 1900 and 1914. George Elias Tuckett (December 4 1835 Exeter, England - February 19 1900 was mayor of Hamilton Ontario in 1896 See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Queen Street, is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. Two steel manufacturing companies, Stelco and Dofasco, were formed in 1910 and 1912, respectively, and Procter & Gamble and the Beech-Nut Packing Company opened manufacturing plants in 1914 and 1922, respectively, their first outside the US. Stelco is a Steel company based in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. History Several existing smaller steelworks combined and were incorporated as the Dofasco is a Steel company based in Hamilton Ontario, Canada, which is also home to longtime Canadian rival Stelco. Procter & Gamble Co ( P&G,) is a Fortune 500, American global corporation based in Cincinnati Ohio, that manufactures a wide For the Beechnut tree see Beech. Beech-Nut Nutrition Corporation is a Baby food company that is currently owned by the Swiss branded ^[13] Population and economic growth continued until the 1960s, with the 1929 construction of the city's first high-rise building, the Pigott Building, the move of McMaster University from Toronto to Hamilton, the opening of the second Canadian Tire store in Canada in 1934, an airport in 1940, a Studebaker assembly line in 1948,^[14] the Burlington Bay James N. Allan Skyway in 1958, and the first Tim Hortons store in 1964. McMaster redirects here for others see McMaster (disambiguation. Canadian Tire Corporation Limited ( is one of Canada's 35 largest publicly traded companies and operates an inter-related network of businesses engaged in retailing (hardgoods apparel Studebaker Corporation, or simply Studebaker, was a United States Wagon and Automobile manufacturer based in The Burlington Bay James N Allan Skyway, originally called the Burlington Bay Skyway, is a pair of high-level freeway bridges located in Hamilton and Tim Hortons Inc is a Coffee -and- Doughnut Fast food restaurant chain Since then, many of the large industries have moved or shut down operations^[13] and the economy has shifted more toward the service sector, such as transportation, education, and health services.

On January 1, 2001 the new city of Hamilton was formed from the amalgamation of the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth and its six municipalities: Hamilton, Ancaster, Dundas, Flamborough, Glanbrook, and Stoney Creek. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Ancaster is a suburban community in the southwest of Hamilton Ontario, Canada with which it amalgamated in 2001 This article refers to Dundas, a constituent community of Hamilton Ontario since 2001 in south central Ontario. Flamborough (sometimes both officially and informally spelled Flamboro) is a former town near and current community in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Glanbrook was formerly a rural township of about ten thousand inhabitants south of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, with which it was amalgamated in See also Stoney Creek (electoral district Stoney Creek is a community (formerly a municipality which is now part of Hamilton after amalgamation ^[5] Before amalgamation, the "old" City of Hamilton had 331,121 Hamiltonians divided into 100 neighbourhoods. The new amalgamated city has 490,268 people in over 200 neighbourhoods. ^[15]

LIUNA Station (former Canadian National Railways Station), as seen from Immigration Square on James Street North

Geography

Main article: Geography of Hamilton, Ontario

See also: Infrastructure of Hamilton, Ontario and List of streets in Hamilton, Ontario

Niagara Escarpment & the Great Lakes

Hamilton is located on the western end of the Niagara Peninsula and wraps around the westernmost part of Lake Ontario; most of the city, including the downtown section, is on the south shore. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario James Street is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. See also List of waterfalls in Hamilton Ontario, Cootes Paradise Hamilton is located on the western end of the Niagara Peninsula and wraps around Below is the transportation infrastructure found in Hamilton Ontario: See also List of tallest buildings in Hamilton Ontario, Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario See also List of neighbourhoods in Hamilton Ontario, Infrastructure of Hamilton Ontario Many of the Streets in Hamilton were named after the Loyalist The Niagara Escarpment is a long Escarpment, or Cuesta, in the United States and Canada that runs westward from New York State, through The Niagara Peninsula is the portion of Ontario, Canada lying on the south shore of Lake Ontario. Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. Hamilton is situated in the geographic centre of the Golden Horseshoe and is roughly the midway point between Toronto and Buffalo, New York. As far as I know the Golden Horseshoe is ancient history and this page should be renamed (or forwarded to to Greater Golden Horseshoe now that Statistics Canada is (finally using the same Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario Buffalo (ˈbʌfəloʊ is the second largest city in New York State. Its major physical features are Hamilton Harbour, marking the northern limit of the city, and the Niagara Escarpment running through the middle of the city across its entire breadth, bisecting the city into 'upper' and 'lower' parts. The Niagara Escarpment is a long Escarpment, or Cuesta, in the United States and Canada that runs westward from New York State, through ^[16]

The first aboriginals to settle in the Hamilton area called this bay Macassa, meaning beautiful waters. ^[15] Hamilton is one of 11 cities showcased in the book, "Green City: People, Nature & Urban Places" by Quebec author Mary Soderstrom, which examines the city as an example of an industrial powerhouse co-existing with nature. ^[17] Soderstrom credits Thomas McQueston and family in the 1930s who "became champions of parks, greenspace and roads" in Hamilton. Thomas McQuesten ( June 30, 1882 - January 13, 1948) was an athlete militiaman lawyer politician and government appointee who lived in ^[18]

Burlington Bay is a natural harbour with a large sandbar called the Beachstrip. Burlington Bay, also known as Hamilton Harbour is a branch of Lake Ontario bounded on the northwest by the City of Burlington, on the south by the City of This sandbar was deposited during a period of higher lake levels during the last ice age, and extends southeast through the central lower city to the escarpment. Hamilton's deep sea port is accessed by ship canal through the beach strip into the harbour and is traversed by two bridges, the QEW's Burlington Bay James N. Allan Skyway and the lower Canal Lift Bridge. The Burlington Bay James N Allan Skyway, originally called the Burlington Bay Skyway, is a pair of high-level freeway bridges located in Hamilton and ^[19]

Downtown Hamilton at Gore Park, originally known as Barton township

Between 1788 and 1793, the townships at the Head-of-the-Lake were surveyed and named. The area was first known as The Head-of-the-Lake for its location at the western end of Lake Ontario. ^[12] John Ryckman, born in Barton township (where present day downtown Hamilton is), described the area in 1803 as he remembered it: "The city in 1803 was all forest. The shores of the bay were difficult to reach or see because they were hidden by a thick, almost impenetrable mass of trees and undergrowth. . . Bears ate pigs, so settlers warred on bears. Wolves gobbled sheep and geese, so they hunted and trapped wolves. They also held organized raids on rattlesnakes on the mountainside. There was plenty of game. Many a time have I seen a deer jump the fence into my back yard, and there were millions of pigeons which we clubbed as they flew low. "^[21]

Bayfront Park

Webster's Falls

George Hamilton, a settler and local politician, established a town site in the northern portion of Barton Township in 1815. George Hamilton (1788-1836 was a Canadian merchant and politician who founded the city of Hamilton Ontario. He kept several east–west roads which were originally Indian trails, but the north–south streets were on a regular grid pattern. Streets were designated "East" or "West" if they crossed James Street or Highway 6. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario James Street is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. Streets were designated "North" or "South" if they crossed King Street or Highway 8. ^[22] The overall design of the townsite, likely conceived in 1816, was commonplace. George Hamilton employed a grid street pattern used in most towns in Upper Canada and throughout the American frontier. The Province of Upper Canada (French Province du Haut-Canada) was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario The eighty original lots had frontages of fifty feet; each lot faced a broad street and backed onto a twelve foot lane. It took at least a decade for all of the original lots to be sold, but the construction of the Burlington Canal in 1823, and a new court-house in 1827 encouraged Hamilton to add more blocks around 1828–9. At this time, he included a market square in an effort to draw commercial activity onto his lands, but the natural growth of the town was to the north of Hamilton's plot. ^[23]

The Hamilton Conservation Authority owns, leases or manages about 4,000 hectares (9,900 acres) of land with the City operating 1,077 hectares (2,661 acres) of parkland at 310 locations. See also List of waterfalls in Hamilton Ontario The Hamilton Conservation Authority maintains the Greenspace, Trails, Parks and some Explanation The hectare is commonly used in most countries around the world especially in domains concerned with land planning and management such as Agriculture, The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U ^[24][25] Many of the parks are located along the Niagara Escarpment, which runs from Tobermory at the tip of the Bruce Peninsula in the north, to Queenston at the Niagara River in the south, and provides views of the cities and towns at the western end of Lake Ontario. Tobermory is a small community located at the northern tip of the Bruce Peninsula in the municipality of Northern Bruce Peninsula, Ontario Canada. The Bruce Peninsula is a Peninsula in Ontario, Canada that lies between Georgian Bay and the main basin of Lake Huron. The Village of Queenston is located 5 km north of Niagara Falls Ontario in the Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake. The Niagara River flows to the north from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. The hiking path Bruce Trail runs the length of the escarpment. The Bruce Trail is a Hiking (and multi-use trail in southern and central Ontario, Canada. ^[26] Hamilton is home to more than 60 waterfalls and cascades, most of which are on or near the Bruce Trail as it winds through the Niagara Escarpment. A waterfall is usually a geological formation resulting from water often in the form of a Stream, flowing over an Erosion -resistant rock ^[27]

Panoramic view of lower Hamilton from Sam Lawrence Park on Concession Street

Demographics

City population (1816-2006)^[28][22][29]

According to the 2006 Canadian Census, one-fourth of the local population was not born in Canada. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Concession Street is an Upper City (mountain arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population Immigration to Canada is the process by which people migrate to Canada and become nationals of the country This is the third highest such proportion in Canada after Toronto, and Vancouver at 24. Vancouver (vænˈkuːvɚ is a coastal 4%. Between 2001 and 2006, the foreign-born population increased by 7. 7%, while the total population of the Hamilton census metropolitan area (CMA) grew by 4. 3%. The share of Canada's recent immigrants who settle in Hamilton has remained unchanged since 2001 at 1. 9%. Hamilton was home to 20,800 immigrants who arrived in Canada between 2001 and 2006. One-half of them were born in Asia and the Middle East, while nearly one-quarter (23%) were from Europe. Notable Asian Canadians Ken Adachi, Toronto Star writer Mikey Bustos, singer Canadian Idol finalist of Filipino ancestry The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Hamilton also had a high proportion of people with English, Scottish and Irish ancestry. English Canada|Canadians of English descentAn English Canadian is a Canadian whose principal language is English or who is of English ancestry; it is used Scottish Canadians are people of Scottish descent or heritage living in Canada. Irish Canadians are immigrants and descendants of immigrants who origninated in Ireland. Nearly three in ten residents reported English as their sole ethnic origin, or as one of their ancestral origins. As well, nearly one in five reported Scottish ancestry either alone or in combination with another ethnic origin. ^[30]

The top countries of birth for the newcomers living in Hamilton in the 1990s were: former Yugoslavia, Poland, India, China, the Philippines, and Iraq. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian: Polish Canadians are Canadians of Polish ancestry According to the 2001 census by Statistics Canada, 817085 Canadians claim full or partial Polish ancestry Indo-Canadians are Canadians whose origins trace back to the Indian sub-continent, often referred to in this way because the term Indian has been used Chinese Canadians are Canadians of Chinese descent and constitute the second-largest Visible minority group in Canada standing at 1346510 which Filipino Canadians are Asian Canadians who trace their ancestry to the Philippines or Filipino people Iraqi Canadians come from a country of great ethno-linguistic and religious diversity ^[31] The city proper of Hamilton was home to 67,845 visible minorities in 2006, representing 13. 6% of its population, up from 10. 9% in 2001. ^[32] [1] [2]Visible minorities comprised 22. 8% of Ontario's population, primarily due to high proportions in Toronto[3]. The population is 84. 8% White, 3. White is a Color, the perception which is evoked by Light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive Cone cells in the Human eye 0% South Asian/East Indian, 2. 8% Black, 1. Black Canadians', Caribbean Canadians, and African Canadians are designations used for people of Black African descent who reside in 9% Chinese, 1. 5% Aboriginal, 1. 2% Southeast Asian, 1. 1% Latin American, 1. 1% Arab, 0. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding 8% Filipino, and 1. 8% Other. ^[33] [4]

Children 14 and under accounted for 17. 8% of the population while those 65 years of age and older constituted 14. 9%, resulting in an average age of 39. 6 years. [5]

The most described religion in Hamilton is Christianity though other religions brought by immigrants are also growing. Religion in Canada encompases a wide range of groups and Canada has no Official religion. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The 2001 census indicates that 77. 56% of the population adheres to a Christian denomination, Protestants constituting 37. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. 08% of the population, while Roman Catholics number 35. The Catholic Church in Canada is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope and Curia in Rome 48% (significantly lower than the national average), while Christ the King Cathedral is the seat of the Diocese of Hamilton. The remaining 5. 0% consists of Orthodox and independent Christian churches. The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world The largest non-Christian religion is Islam with 12,880 adherents or 1. According to Canada's 2001 census, there were 579640 Muslims in Canada, just under 2% of the population 96% of the total population. Other religions, including Judaism, Buddhism and Hinduism, constitute less than one percent each. Canada has the world's fourth-largest Jewish population According to the Canada 2001 Census, there are an estimated 351000 Jews currently living in Canada There is a small growing Buddhist community in Canada. As of the 2007 estimate 1202045 Canadians identified their religion as Buddhist (about 3 Hindus in Canada generally come from one of two groups The first is comprised primarily of Indian Immigrants who began arriving in British Those with no religious affiliation account for 115,510 (17. 63%) in 2001. ^[34]

Environics Analytics, a geodemographic marketing firm that created 66 different "clusters" of people complete with profiles of how they live, what they think and what they consume, sees a future Hamilton with younger upscale Hamiltonians—who are tech savvy and university educated—choosing to live in the downtown and surrounding areas rather than just visit intermittently. More two- and three-storey townhouses and flats will be built on downtown lots; small condos will be built on vacant spaces in areas such as Dundas and Westdale to accommodate newly retired seniors; and more retail and commercial zones will be created. This article refers to Dundas, a constituent community of Hamilton Ontario since 2001 in south central Ontario. Westdale is a residential neighbourhood in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada centred on the quaint Westdale Village shopping district and located near The city is also expected to grow by more than 28,000 people and 18,000 households by the year 2012. ^[35]

Economy

Main article: Economy of Hamilton, Ontario

See also: List of films shot in Hamilton, Ontario and List of head offices in Hamilton, Ontario

Lloyd D. Jackson Square (Mall), Commerce Place Complex

The most important economic activity in Ontario is manufacturing, and the Toronto–Hamilton region is the most highly industrialized section of the country. The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English Population of Canada: 31612895 (2006 Census Provinces and territories Metropolitan areas Cities The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. The Irish people ( Irish: Muintir na hÉireann, na hÉireannaigh, na Gaeil) are a Western European Ethnic group who originate The' Italian people' are a Southern European Ethnic group located primarily in Italy, Switzerland, France and by virtue of a wide-ranging The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens The Portuguese people (os Portugueses literally the Portuguese) are the Ethnic group or Nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. Economic summit On Friday May 2nd 2008 Hamilton's most powerful voices in business the arts government social services health and education called for "breathtaking" Companies with head offices located in Hamilton Ontario and Area include Hamilton Health Sciences Stelco Inc Lloyd D Jackson Square, also known as Jackson Square Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale The area from Oshawa, Ontario around the west end of Lake Ontario to Niagara Falls, with Hamilton at its centre, is known as the "Golden Horseshoe" and had a population of 6,704,598 in the 2001 census. ^[37] "Golden Horseshoe" The phrase was first used by Westinghouse President, Herbert H. Founded in 1886 as Westinghouse Electric Company and later renamed Westinghouse Electric Corporation by George Westinghouse. Rogge, in a speech to the Hamilton Chamber of Commerce, on January 12, 1954. Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1954 ( MCMLIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1954 Gregorian calendar) "Hamilton in 50 years will be the forward cleat in a 'golden horseshoe' of industrial development from Oshawa to the Niagara River. . . 150 miles long and 50 miles wide. . . It will run from Niagara Falls on the south to about Oshawa on the north and take in numerous cities and towns already there, including Hamilton and Toronto. " ^[38]

With sixty percent of Canada's steel being produced in Hamilton by Stelco and Dofasco the city has become known as the Steel Capital of Canada. Stelco is a Steel company based in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. History Several existing smaller steelworks combined and were incorporated as the Dofasco is a Steel company based in Hamilton Ontario, Canada, which is also home to longtime Canadian rival Stelco. ^[39] After nearly declaring bankruptcy, Stelco returned to profitability in 2004^[40] and on August 26, 2007 United States Steel Corporation acquired Stelco for $38. The United States Steel Corporation ( is an integrated Steel producer with major production operations in the United States, Canada, and Central Europe 50 (Canadian) in cash per share, owning more than 76 percent of Stelco's outstanding shares. ^[41] Dofasco, in 1999, was the most profitable steel producer in North America and in 2000 the most profitable in Canada. It currently has approximately 7,300 employees at its Hamilton plant and produces over four million tons of steel annually, representing about 30% of Canada's flat rolled sheet steel shipments. Units of mass There are three similar units of Mass called the ton: Long ton (simply ton in countries such as the United Dofasco is one of North America's most profitable steel companies, and Dofasco was named to the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index in 2006 for the seventh year in a row. Dow Jones & Company is an American publishing and financial information firm Dofasco’s produces steel products for the automotive, construction, energy, manufacturing, pipe and tube, appliance, packaging and steel distribution industries. ^[42]

Originally, in the 1940s the John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport was used as a wartime air force training station. John C Munro Hamilton International Airport or Hamilton International,, is an International airport in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Today TradePort International Corporation manages and operates the John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport. Under TradePort management, passenger traffic at the Hamilton terminal has increased from 90,000 in 1996 to approx. 900,000 in 2002. The airport's mid-term target for growth in its passenger service is five million air-travelers annually. The air cargo sector of the airport has 24-7 operational capability and strategic geographic location, allowing its capacity to increase by 50% since 1996; 91,000 metric tonnes (100,000 tons) of cargo passed through the airport in 2002. This article is about the tonne or metric ton For other tons see Ton. The short ton ( S/T) is a unit of mass equal to 2000 lb (around 907 Courier companies with operations at the airport include United Parcel Service and Cargojet Canada. United Parcel Service Inc ( commonly referred to as UPS, is one of the world's largest Package delivery companies ^[43] In 2003, the city began developing a 30-year growth management strategy which called, in part, for a massive aerotropolis industrial park centred around Hamilton Airport. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. An aerotropolis (pl aerotropolises or aerotropoli) is a new type of urban form comprising Aviation -intensive Businesses and related The aerotropolis proposal, now known as the Airport Employment Growth District, is touted as a solution to the city's shortage of employment lands. ^[44] Hamilton turned over operation of the airport to TradePort International Corp. in 1996. In 2007, YVR Airport Services (YVRAS), which runs the Vancouver International Airport, took over 100 per cent ownership of TradePort in a $13-million deal. The airport is also home to the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum. See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum is a major Canadian aviation museum ^[45]

A report by Hemson Consulting identified an opportunity to develop 1,000 hectares (2,500 acres) of greenfields (the size of the Royal Botanical Gardens) that could generate an estimated 59,000 jobs by 2031. A proposed aerotropolis industrial park at Highway 6 and 403, has been debated at City Hall for years. An aerotropolis (pl aerotropolises or aerotropoli) is a new type of urban form comprising Aviation -intensive Businesses and related Opponents feel the city needs to do more investigation about the cost to taxpayers before embarking on the project. ^[46]

Government

Main article: Politics of Hamilton, Ontario

See also: Hamilton City Council and Category:Mayors of Hamilton, Ontario

Bay Street Federal Building

Citizens of Hamilton are represented by three tiers of Government. Politically Hamilton is known for producing groundbreaking colourful and left-wing politicians &mdash illustrated by the career of Sheila Copps. The Hamilton City Council is the governing body of the City of Hamilton Ontario, Canada. The federal representation consists of five members of parliament serving in the Parliament of Canada. At the provincial tier, there are five elected members who serve in the Legislature of Ontario. The municipal tier consists of one mayor, elected city wide, and 15 city councillors, elected individually by each of the 15 ward divisions, to serve on the Hamilton City Council. Additionally, at the municipal tier, each ward elects a school board trustee for each of the school boards serving in their respective area.

Hamilton City Hall. Hamilton City Hall is located in downtown Hamilton Ontario, Canada.

The Hamilton City Council is granted authority to govern by the province through the Municipal Act of Ontario. ^[47] The Province of Ontario has supervisory privilege over the municipality and the power to redefine, restrict or expand the powers of all municipalities in Ontario. Further, the province provides oversight of Hamilton City Council through the Ontario Municipal Board. The Ontario Municipal Board (OMB is an independent administrative tribunal that hears applications and appeals on municipal and planning matters such as zoning bylaws subdivision plans

The Criminal Code of Canada is the chief piece of legislation defining criminal conduct and penalty. The Hamilton Police Service is chiefly responsible for the enforcement of federal and provincial law. __NOEDITSECTION__ The Hamilton Police Service, formerly The Hamilton Wentworth Regional Police is the local police service for the City of Hamilton, Ontario, Although the Hamilton Police Service has authority to enforce, bylaws passed by the Hamilton City Council are mainly enforced by Provincial Offences Officers^[48] employed by the City of Hamilton.

Education

Hamilton is home to several post-secondary institutions that have created numerous direct and indirect jobs in education and research. McMaster University moved to the city in 1930 and today has over 27,000 enrolled students, of whom almost two-thirds come from outside the immediate Hamilton region. McMaster redirects here for others see McMaster (disambiguation. ^[49] Brock University of St. Catharines, Ontario has a satellite campus used primarily for teacher education located in Hamilton. Brock University, generally referred to simply as Brock, is a comprehensive university located in St ^[50] Colleges in Hamilton include:

• McMaster Divinity College, a Christian seminary affiliated with the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec since 1957
• Mohawk College, a college of applied arts and technology since 1967 with 9,500 enrolled students. McMaster Divinity College, also known as MacDiv, is a Christian Seminary in Hamilton Ontario. A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is a specialized and often live-in Higher education institution for the purpose of instructing students Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec' (BCOQ - the oldest union of Baptist churches in central Canada Mohawk College of Applied Arts and Technology is a public college in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. ^[51]
• Columbia International College, a private boarding university-preparatory school founded in 1979 and has about 1,200 students enrolled. Columbia International College of Canada is a private Preparatory school in Hamilton Ontario, Canada, which is inspected and registered with the Ontario ^[52]
• Redeemer University College, a private Christian liberal arts and science university with about 800 students, and opened in 1982. Redeemer University College located in Ancaster Ontario, Canada is a private undergraduate university of classical Christian conviction with over 850 students ^[53]

McMaster University Medical Centre

Public education for students from kindergarten through high school is administered by three school boards. The Hamilton-Wentworth District School Board manages approximately 120 public schools, while the Hamilton-Wentworth Catholic District School Board operates 60 schools in the greater Hamilton area. The Hamilton Wentworth District School Board (HWDSB is based in Hamilton Ontario. The Hamilton-Wentworth Catholic District School Board is the Roman Catholic School board for the city of Hamilton Ontario, which includes the former ^[54] The Conseil scolaire de district du Centre-Sud-Ouest operates one elementary and one secondary school (École secondaire Georges-P.-Vanier), and the Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud operates two elementary schools and one secondary school. The Conseil scolaire de district du Centre-Sud-Ouest, also known as CSDCSO or Ontario District School Board #58, manages the French-language Public École secondaire Georges-P-Vanier is a French First language High school located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud is the Roman Catholic separate, French language School board for the South-Central region of Ontario Hillfield Strathallan College as well as Calvin Christian School/Hamilton District Christian High School are private K-12 schools in the area. Hillfield Strathallan College is a Canadian private co-educational day school in Hamilton, Ontario.

The Dundas Valley School of Art is an independent art school which has serviced the Hamilton region since 1964. Students range from 4-year olds to senior citizens and enrollment at the school as of February 2007 is close to the 4,000-mark. In 1998, a new fulltime diploma programme was launched as a joint venture with McMaster University. The faculty and staff are highly regarded regional artists. ^[55]

The Hamilton Conservatory for the Arts is home to many of the areas talented young actors, dancers, musicians, singers and visual artists. The school is equipped with a Keyboard Studio, spacious dance studios, art and sculpting studios, gallery space and a 300-seat recital hall. HCA offers over 90 programs for ages 3–93, creating a “united nations” of arts under one roof. ^[56]

Culture

Main article: Culture of Hamilton, Ontario

See also: List of media outlets in Hamilton, Ontario and People from Hamilton, Ontario

HMCS Haida, Pier 9, Catharine Street North

Dundurn Castle at Dundurn Park, York Boulevard

Hamilton has built on its historical and social background with attractions including the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, the HMCS Haida National Historic Site (Canada's most famous warship and the last remaining Tribal Class in the world)^[57]), Dundurn Castle (the residence of a Prime Minister of Upper Canada),^[58] the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Canadian Football Hall of Fame, the African Lion Safari park, and the Christ the King Cathedral. Below is the expanded version of the Culture section from the Hamilton Ontario page The following people were born in residents of or are otherwise closely connected to the city of Hamilton Ontario. Construction Haida was among the first batch of Tribal class destroyers ordered by the RCN in 1940-1941 See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Catharine Street, is a Lower City collector road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario Dundurn Castle is an historic Chateau on Dundurn Street North in Hamilton Ontario, See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario York Boulevard is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum is a major Canadian aviation museum Construction Haida was among the first batch of Tribal class destroyers ordered by the RCN in 1940-1941 See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario Dundurn Castle is an historic Chateau on Dundurn Street North in Hamilton Ontario, The Province of Upper Canada (French Province du Haut-Canada) was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a Not-for-profit corporation located For the defuct Australian Theme Park see African Lion Safari (Warragamba See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario African Lion Safari is

Founded in 1914, the Art Gallery of Hamilton is Ontario's third largest public art gallery. The Gallery has 8,500 works in its permanent collection that focus on three areas: 19th-century European, Historical Canadian and Contemporary Canadian. ^[59]

The McMaster Museum of Art, founded on campus in 1967, houses McMaster University’s collection of more than 6,000 works of art, including exhibitions on the historical and contemporary work and the Herman Levy collection of Impressionist painting. ^[60]

Growth in the arts and culture sector has garnered high level media attention for Hamilton. A Globe and Mail article in 2006, entitled "Go West, Young Artist," focused on the growing art scene in Hamilton. The Globe and Mail is a Canadian English language nationally distributed Newspaper, based in Toronto and printed in six cities ^[61] The Factory: Hamilton Media Arts Centre,^[62] opened up a new home on James Street North in 2006. Art galleries are springing up on many streets across the City: James Street, Locke Street and King Street, to name a few. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario James Street is a Lower City arterial road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. See also List of streets in Hamilton Ontario Locke Street, is a Lower City collector road in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. This, coupled with growth in the Downtown condo market which is drawing people back to the Core, is having an impact on the cultural fabric of the City. The opening of the Downtown Arts Centre^[63] on Rebecca Street has spurred further creative activities in the Core. The Community Centre for Media Arts^[64] (CCMA) continues to operate in Downtown Hamilton. The CCMA works with marginalized populations and combines new media services such as website development, graphic design, video, and information technology, with arts education and skills development programming. ^[65]

Sports

Main article: Sports in Hamilton, Ontario

See also: Sports venues in Hamilton, Ontario and Category:Sport in Hamilton, Ontario

Ivor Wynne Stadium

Copps Coliseum, York Boulevard, looking East

The Canadian Football Hall of Fame museum

Professional sports teams

Amateur and junior clubs

Hamilton was the host of the first Commonwealth Games, then called British Empire Games in 1930, Canada's first major international athletic event, and bid unsuccessfully for the Commonwealth Games in 2010, losing out to New Delhi in India. Mohawk Sports Park, is a large park on the east mountain of Hamilton Ontario, 1100 Mohawk Road East with a number of sporting facilities including Bernie Arbour Memorial Artistic Gymnastics 1954 World Championships Men's all-around champion Viktor Chukarin, USSR Women's The Hamilton Wildcats are an amateur Australian rules football club based in Hamilton Ontario, Canada. Mohawk Sports Park, is a large park on the east mountain of Hamilton Ontario, 1100 Mohawk Road East with a number of sporting facilities including Bernie Arbour Memorial Artistic gymnastics World Artistic Gymnastics Championships: Men's all-around champion Ivan Ivankov, Belarus The Hamilton Thunderbirds are an independent, Minor league baseball team of the Semi-pro, Intercounty Baseball League based in Hamilton See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario Bernie Arbour Memorial Stadium is a Stadium on Upper Kenilworth Avenue in Hamilton Ontario 2005 Major League Baseball season Headline events of the year Chicago White Sox swept the Houston Astros to win the World Series The 1930 British Empire Games were the first of what later become known as the Commonwealth Games, and were held in Hamilton Ontario, Canada The 2010 Commonwealth Games are scheduled to be held in Delhi, India between 3 October and 14 October 2010 The 2010 Commonwealth Games are scheduled to be held in Delhi, India between 3 October and 14 October 2010 India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country ^[67]

The Around the Bay Road Race circumnavigates Hamilton Harbour or Burlington Bay. Around the Bay Road Race, is the oldest long distance road race in North America held in Hamilton Ontario since 1894, 3-years before the Boston Marathon Burlington Bay, also known as Hamilton Harbour is a branch of Lake Ontario bounded on the northwest by the City of Burlington, on the south by the City of Although it is not a proper marathon, it is the longest continuously held long distance foot race in North America. ^[67] The local newspaper also hosts the amateur Spectator Indoor Games. ^[67]

Hamilton has representation in two professional sports leagues, the Canadian Football League and the American Hockey League. The Canadian Football League (CFL ( Ligue canadienne de football (LCF in American Hockey Association (1926–1942The American Hockey League (AHL is a Professional Ice hockey league in North America that serves as the primary The major sports complexes include Ivor Wynne Stadium and Copps Coliseum and is also home to the Canadian Football Hall of Fame museum. See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario Ivor Wynne Stadium (originally Civic Stadium) is a Canadian football Stadium located at the See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario Copps Coliseum is a sports and entertainment arena on the corner of Bay Street North and York Boulevard See also List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a Not-for-profit corporation located ^[68] The museum hosts an annual induction event in a week-long celebration that includes school visits, a golf tournament, a formal induction dinner and concludes with the Hall of Fame game involving the local CFL Hamilton Tiger-Cats at Ivor Wynne Stadium. The Canadian Football League (CFL ( Ligue canadienne de football (LCF in The Hamilton Tiger-Cats are a Canadian Football League team based in Hamilton Ontario, founded in 1950 with the merger of the Hamilton Tigers and the ^[69][70]

In addition to team sports, Hamilton is also home to two auto race tracks, Cayuga International Speedway,^[71] Flamboro Speedway^[72] and Canada's fastest half-mile harness horse racing track, Flamboro Downs. See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario, List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario The Cayuga Speedway, also known as the Cayuga 2000 Speedway See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario Flamborough Speedway, 1/3-mile semi banked asphalt oval auto racing track in Hamilton (Flamborough Ontario See also Sports venues in Hamilton Ontario, List of attractions in Hamilton Ontario Flamboro Downs is Canada's fastest half-mile harness Horse ^[73]

Sister cities

Hamilton is twinned with Flint, Michigan, and its young amateur athletes compete in the Canusa Games, held alternatively in the two cities since 1958. Flint is a city in the US state of Michigan and is located along the Flint River, 66 miles (106 km northwest of Detroit. ^[67] Flint and Hamilton hold the distinction of having the oldest continuous sister-city relationship between a U. S. and Canadian city, since 1957. ^[74]

Cities that are twinned with Hamilton include:^[75]

Other City Relationships:^[75]

• Porto Alegre, (Brazil)

See also

References