.jpg) | |
| Career (UK) |  |
|---|---|
| Ordered: | 1922 |
| Laid down: | 28 December 1922 |
| Launched: | 17 December 1925 |
| Commissioned: | 10 November 1927 |
| Decommissioned: | 1946 |
| Struck: | 1947 |
| Motto: | Non Generant Aquilae Columbas (Latin) "Eagles do not breed doves" |
| Fate: | Sold for scrap 26 March 1948 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 33,950 tons (38,000 full load) |
| Length: | 710 ft (220 m) overall |
| Beam: | 106 ft (32 m) |
| Draught: | 33 ft (10 m) |
| Propulsion: | 8 Admiralty 3-drum oil-fired boilers, 2 Brown-Curtis geared turbines, 2 shafts 45,000 hp (33. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A boiler is a closed vessel in which Water or other Fluid is heated A turbine is a rotary Engine that extracts Energy from a Fluid flow 6 MW) |
| Speed: | 23. 8 knots (44. 1 km/h) (trials) |
| Range: | 7,000 nautical miles at 16 knots (13,000 km at 30 km/h) |
| Complement: | 1,640 |
| Armament: | (1945) 9 × 16 inch (406 mm) (3 × 3) 12 × 6 inch (152 mm) Mk XXII (6 × 2) 8 × 4. The BL 16 inch Mark I, BL standing for breech loading was a British naval gun introduced in the 1920s and used on the ''Nelson'' class battleships 7 inch (102 mm) Mk VIII anti-aircraft (4 × 2) 48 x 2 pdr anti-aircraft guns (6 × 8) 20 x 20 mm Oerlikon AA guns |
| Armour: | 14. The 2-pounder gun, officially designated the QF 2-pounder ( QF denoting "quick firing" and universally known as the pom-pom, was a 1 The term " Oerlikon 20 mm cannon " refers to a series of Autocannons based on an original designed by Reinhold Becker during World War I, and 12 inch (358. 6 mm) belt 6. 32 inch (161 mm) deck 12 inch (300 mm) torpedo bulkhead 16. 24 inch (412. 5 mm) turret face 14 inch (360 mm) conning tower side |
| Aircraft carried: | 2; 1 catapult on C turret |
HMS Rodney (pennant number 29) was a Nelson-class battleship of the Royal Navy. In the modern Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth, ships are identified by pennant numbers (sometimes referred to as pendant History and design The Battle of Jutland had shown the value of firepower and protection over speed and manoeuvrability A battleship is a large heavily armored Warship with a main battery consisting of the largest Calibre of Guns Battleships were The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) She was named for Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney. Admiral George Brydges Rodney 1st Baron Rodney, KB ( 13 February, 1719 &ndash May 24 1792) was a British
Built under the constraints of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, the design was limited to 35,000 tons and showed certain compromises. The Washington Naval Treaty, also known as the Five-Power Treaty, limited the naval armaments of its five signatories the United States of America, the To accommodate 16 inch (406 mm) main guns in three turrets, all of the turrets were placed forward and the vessel's speed was reduced and maximum armour was limited to vital areas. In Architecture, a turret (from Italian: torretta, little tower Latin: turris, tower is a small Tower that Even with the design limitations forced on the designers by the treaty, the Rodney and Nelson were regarded as the most powerful battleships afloat until the new generation of all big gun ships was launched in 1936.
Rodney was laid down on 28 December 1922, the same date as her sister ship Nelson. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. History Nelson was laid down in December 1922 and built at Newcastle by Armstrong-Whitworth. She was built at Birkenhead by Cammell-Laird shipyard. Birkenhead is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in Merseyside, England. Launched in December 1925, she was commissioned in November 1927, three months behind her sister. The ceremonies involved in naming and launching naval ships are based in traditions thousands of years old Commissioning is the act or ceremony of placing a ship in active service Her construction cost £7. 617 million. Her captain in 1929 was Lieutenant Commander George Campell Ross (later Admiral), son of Sir Archibald Ross (marine engineer and pioneer in shipbuilding)
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Service
From commissioning until World War II broke out in September 1939, Rodney spent her entire time with the British Atlantic Fleet or Home Fleet. Sir Archibald Ross OBE (1867 - March 19 1931) was a pioneering Marine engineer. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Atlantic Fleet was a major fleet formation of the Royal Navy. The Home Fleet is the traditional name of the fleet of the Royal Navy that protects the United Kingdom 's territorial waters In 1931, the crews of both ships took part in the Invergordon Mutiny. The Invergordon Mutiny was an Industrial action by around a thousand Sailors in the British Atlantic Fleet, that took place on 15 September - In late December 1939, she was under refit and repair because she was having steering gear problems.
She was damaged by German aircraft at Karmøy, near Bergen on 9 April 1940 when hit by a 500 kg (1,103 lb) bomb that pierced the armoured deck, but did not explode. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Karmøy is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located southwest of the city of Haugesund. is the second largest city in Norway. It is located on the south-western coast of Norway in the county of Hordaland in between a group of mountains known as De syv fjell Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. On 13 September 1940, she was transferred from Scapa Flow to Rosyth with orders to operate in the English Channel when the German invasion of Britain was expected. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Scapa Flow ( Old Norse: Skalpaflói) is a body of water in the Orkney Islands, Scotland, United Kingdom, sheltered by the islands Rosyth (pronounced Ross-sythe ( Scottish Gaelic: Ros Saidhe or Ros Saoithe) is a town located on the Firth of Forth on Scotland 's Operation Sealion (Unternehmen Seelöwe was Germany's plan to invade the United Kingdom during World War II, beginning in 1940 In November and December, she did convoy escort duties between Britain and Halifax, Nova Scotia. The City of Halifax (est 1841 is the capital of the province of Nova Scotia and shire town of Halifax County In January 1941, she participated in the chase of the German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau, with no success. Battlecruisers were large Warships in the first half of the 20th century that were first introduced by the British Royal Navy. For the German armoured cruiser commissioned in 1907 see SMS Scharnhorst The sisters - Scharnhorst and Gneisenau The Construction She was laid down in February 1934 at Deutsche Werke Kiel. On 16 March, however, while escorting a convoy in the North Atlantic, she made contact with the German battlecruisers, but no battle followed, as the German ships turned away when they realized that they were facing superior firepower. Events 597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king
The Bismarck
In May 1941 while commanded by Captain Dalrymple-Hamilton, Rodney and two destroyers were escorting the troop ship RMS Britannic to Canada; the Britannic was taking civilians over to Canada, and would be bringing Canadian troops back to Britain. The last battle of the German Battleship ''Bismarck'' took place in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 300 nautical miles (560 km west of MV Britannic was the third White Star Line ship to bear the name Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It was during this run on 24 May that she was called to join in the pursuit of the German battleship Bismarck. Events 1218 - The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. 1276 - Magnus Ladulås is crowned Background Design of the ship started in the early 1930s following on from Germany's development of the ''Deutschland'' class cruisers and the ''Scharnhorst'' class On 26 May, she joined up with King George V; Admiral Sir John Tovey sent the destroyers home because they were low on fuel, and had Rodney fall in behind King George V for the battle against the Bismarck the next day. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Construction Following the tradition of naming the first battleship constructed in the reign of a new monarch after the current Monarch, she was planned to be named Admiral of the Fleet John Cronyn Tovey 1st Baron Tovey, GCB, KBE, DSO, DCL ( March 7, 1885 - January On the early morning of 27 May 1941, along with the battleship King George V and the cruisers Norfolk, and Dorsetshire, she engaged the Bismarck, which had had its rudder machinery damaged by an airplane-launched torpedo the day before. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A cruiser is a large type of Warship, which had its prime period from the late 19th century to the end of the Cold War. Battle honours Atlantic 1941 ''Bismarck'' 1941 Arctic 1941–1943 North Africa 1942 North Cape 1943 Norway 1945 Career Interwar Upon commissioning she became the Flagship of the 2nd Cruiser Squadron The modern torpedo (historically called an automotive automobile locomotive or fish torpedo is a self-propelled explosive Projectile weapon launched above or below After Bismarck's guns were knocked out, Rodney closed with Bismarck until she was firing essentially a flat trajectory, and spotters could actually follow the shells to the target. One 16-inch (410 mm) shell was tracked from the gun to where it hit the face of Bismarck's #2 gunhouse (turret Bruno) and exploded, blowing out the back of the gunhouse. She later broke off action and was ordered home because of her low fuel status, though not before firing torpedoes into both sides of the stricken German battleship. This is believed to be the only time one battleship torpedoed another in battle.
Force H
After this, she went to Boston, Massachusetts' South Boston Navy Yard, for engine repairs. This is significant because the United States would not formally enter the war for several months and the stateside docking of the Rodney illustrated the U. S. government's true sympathies in the growing global conflict. Since the repairs would take several weeks to complete, the Rodney's crew was furloughed to local Civilian Conservation Corps camps. In the interim, some members of the crew struck up lasting relationships with American civilians. [1]
In September, the HMS Rodney was stationed with Force H in Gibraltar, escorting convoys to Malta. Force H was a British naval task force (though that term was not used during World War II. Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands In November, she returned home, and was stationed in Iceland for a month. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( Then she underwent refit and repair until May 1942. After the refit, she returned to Force H, where she again escorted Malta convoys and took part in Operation Torch, the invasion of Northwest Africa. Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast) was the British - American invasion of French North Africa in World War II Northwest Africa or Northwestern Africa is a variably defined Region of North Africa. Later, she was involved with landings in Sicily and Salerno. The Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky, was a major World War II campaign in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis Salerno is a town in southern Italy, capital of the province of the same name in the region of Campania. From October 1943, she was in the Home Fleet, and took part in the Normandy invasion in June 1944, destroying targets at Caen and Alderney. Caen (kɑ̃ is a commune in northwestern France. It is the Prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the Alderney ( French: Aurigny; Auregnais: Aoeur'gny) is the most northerly of the Channel Islands and a British Crown dependency In September 1944, she performed escort duties with a Murmansk convoy. Murmansk (Му́рманск Murmanska Muurman is a city and Seaport in the extreme northwest part of Russia, on the Kola Bay, 12 km
During the entire war, she steamed over 156,000 nautical miles (289,000 km) with no engine overhaul after 1942. Because of her frequent machinery problems and the fact that she had not been upgraded to the extent that her sister Nelson had, starting in December 1944, she was put in reserve in Scapa Flow, with her crew assigned to new construction. She remained there until she was sold for scrap in February 1948. She was scrapped starting 26 March 1948 at Inverkeithing. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Inverkeithing is a town and former Royal burgh in Fife, Scotland, located on the Firth of Forth.
References
- Siegfried Breyer, Battleships and Battlecruisers (Doubleday and Company; Garden City, New York, 1973) (originally published in German as Schlachtschiffe und Schlachtkreuzer, J. F. Lehmanns Verlag, München, 1970). Contains various line drawings of the ship as built and as modified.
See also
External links
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