Grenada
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: “Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, Build and Advance as One People” [1]
Anthem: Hail Grenada Royal anthem: God Save the Queen
Capital (and largest city)		St. George’s 12°3′N, 61°45′W
Official languages		English
Demonym		Grenadian
Government		Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional monarchy
-	Queen	Queen Elizabeth II
-	Governor General	Sir Daniel Williams
-	Prime Minister	Keith Mitchell
Independence
-	from the United Kingdom	February 7, 1974
Area
-	Total	344 km² (203rd) 132. The National flag of Grenada was adopted upon independence from the United Kingdom, 7 February 1974. The official coat of arms of Grenada is a shield divided into four parts by a golden cross A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's Hail Grenada has been the National anthem of Grenada since independence in 1974. A royal anthem is a patriotic song much like a National anthem but specifically praising or praying for a Monarch or royal dynasty "God Save the Queen", or "God Save the King", is an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms It is the National Though most of Grenada 's Population is of African descent there is some trace of the early Arawak and Carib Indians St George's, population 7500 ( 1999) with an agglomeration of 33000 people is the Capital of Grenada, British West Indies. An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in American English) is a System of government in which A constitutional monarchy, or a limited monarchy, is a form of Constitutional Government, wherein either an elected or hereditary Monarch is TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Governor-General of Grenada has been the Viceroy of the Queen of Grenada since the country's independence from the United Kingdom in 1974 Sir Daniel Charles Williams, GCMG (born 1935 is the current Governor-General of Grenada. This is a list of heads of government of Grenada: Chief Ministers of Grenada (1954-1967 Eric Matthew Gairy (1st time ( 1954 - 1956 For the football player of the same name see Keith Mitchell (football player. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. To help compare sizes of different geographic regions we list here Areas between 10 km² (1000 Hectares and 100 km² (10000 hectares This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by total area. 8 sq mi
-	Water (%)	1. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. In Mathematics, a percentage is a way of expressing a number as a Fraction of 100 ( per cent meaning "per hundred" 6
Population
-	July 12 2005 estimate	110,000 (185th)
-	Density	259. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology List of countries by population in 2005|List of countries by population in 1907This is a list of countries ordered according to Population. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5/km² (45th) 672. List of countries and dependencies by Population density in inhabitants/km² 2/sq mi
GDP (PPP)		2002 est. The purchasing power parity ( PPP) theory uses the long-term equilibrium Exchange rate of two currencies to equalize their Purchasing power.  estimate
-	Total	$440 million (210th)
-	Per capita	$5,0001 (134th)
HDI (2007)		▲ 0. There are three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head with Per meaning 'through' or 'by' This article includes three lists of Countries of the world sorted by their Gross domestic product (GDP at Purchasing power parity (PPP Per capita The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP 777 (medium) (82nd)
Currency		East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Time zone		(UTC-4)
-	Summer (DST)	(UTC-4)
Internet TLD		.gd
Calling code		+1 473
1	2002 estimate. This is a list of countries by Human Development Index as included in the United Nations Development Program 's Human Development Report 2007 A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is The East Caribbean dollar ( Currency code XCD) is the Currency of eight of the nine members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ISO 4217 is the International standard describing three-letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established Daylight saving time ( DST A country This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E

Grenada (pronounced /grɪˈneɪdə/) is an island nation that includes the southern Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. An island country is a Country that is wholly confined to an Island, several islands an Island group or several island groups and has no territory on The Grenades are a Caribbean island chain of over 600 islands in the Windward Islands. For the region see Caribbean. The Caribbean Sea (kəˈrɪbiən or /ˌkærɨˈbiːən/ is a tropical Sea in the Western Hemisphere Grenada is located north of Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela, and south of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ˈtrɪnɪdæd ən təˈbeɪgoʊ is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea. The national bird of Grenada is the critically endangered Grenada Dove. This is a list of national birds, most official but some unofficial Angola - Peregrine Falcon, Falco peregrinus * Anguilla Organisms with a conservation status of critically endangered have an extremely high risk of becoming extinct The Grenada Dove ( Leptotila wellsi) is a medium-sized New World Tropical Dove.

Popularly known as 'The Spice Isle' because of an abundance of locally grown spices and a culture of music, dance and food built into the image of 'spice of life', Grenada is also a well-known tourist destination. It is one of the smallest independent nations in the Western Hemisphere. The Western Hemisphere, also Western hemisphere or western hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that lies West

History 1498-1958

Main article: History of Grenada

The recorded history of Grenada begins in 1498. Early History Before the arrival of Europeans Grenada was inhabited by Carib Indians who had driven the more peaceful Arawaks from the island Recorded history can be defined as History that has been written down or recorded by the use of Language, whereas History is a more general term referring The Spaniards did not permanently settle in Camerhogue. Later the English failed their first settlement attempts, but the French fought and conquered Grenada from the Caribs circa 1650. The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The French conquest resulted in the genocide of 17th century Caribs from present-day Grenada. Warfare also existed between the Caribs of present day Dominica and St. The Commonwealth of Dominica, commonly known as Dominica, is an Island nation in the Caribbean Sea. Vincent and the Grenadines with the French invaders. The French took control of Camerhogue and named the new French colony La Grenade. France was a dominant empire in the world from the 1600s to the late 1960s possessing many colonies in various locations around the world La Grenade prospered as a wealthy French colony; its main export was sugar. The French established a capital known as Fort Royal in 1650 as ordered by Cardinal Richelieu. This article is about a cardinal For information on the Russian also called The Red Eminence, see Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov. To wait out harsh hurricanes, the French navy would shelter in the capital's natural harbour. No other French colony had a natural harbour to even compare with that of Fort Royal (later renamed St. George's). The colony was ceded to the United Kingdom in 1763 by the Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on February 10, 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain A century later, in 1877 Grenada was made a Crown Colony. The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom

History 1958-1984: Independence and Revolution

The capital St. George's, Grenada

The island was a province of the short-lived West Indies Federation from 1958 to 1962. St George's, population 7500 ( 1999) with an agglomeration of 33000 people is the Capital of Grenada, British West Indies. The West Indies Federation, also known as the Federation of the West Indies, was a short-lived Caribbean Federation that existed from January 3 1958 In 1967, Grenada attained the status of “Associated State of the United Kingdom”, which meant that Grenada was now responsible for her own internal affairs, and the UK was responsible for her defense and foreign affairs. Independence was granted in 1974 under the leadership of the then Premier, Sir Eric Matthew Gairy, who became the first Prime Minister of Grenada. Sir Eric Matthew Gairy ( February 18, 1920 - August 23, 1997) was a Grenadian politician who led Grenada either as Premier or as Prime

Civil conflict gradually broke out between Eric Gairy’s government and some opposition parties including the New Jewel Movement (NJM). The New Joint Endeavor for Welfare Education and Liberation, or New JEWEL Movement, was a Marxist Leninist vanguard political party in the Gairy’s party won elections in 1976 but the opposition did not accept the result accusing it of fraudulence. Cuban presence was heavily invested in civic assistance (doctors and school teachers mainly) during the subsequent revolutionary redistribution of homes and other private property and goods for the people of Grenada. A revolutionary when used as a noun is a person who either actively engages in some kind of Revolution, or advocates the revolution with recognition from some government or In 1979, the New Jewel Movement under Maurice Bishop launched a successful armed revolution against the government. Maurice Rupert Bishop ( May 29, 1944 &ndash October 19, 1983) was a Grenadian The revolution was widely supported by the peasants, students and workers.

A dispute later developed between Bishop and certain high-ranking members of the NJM. Party members including Bernard Coard demanded that Bishop either step down or enter into a power sharing arrangement. Winston Bernard Coard (born August 10, 1944) is a former Grenadian Deputy Prime Minister in the Revolutionary The dispute eventually led to Bishop being deposed in 1983 and placed under house arrest. In Justice and Law, house arrest (also called home confinement, home detention, or electronic monitoring) is a measure by which These actions led to street demonstrations in various parts of the island. Bishop, who had massive support of the population, was eventually freed by a large demonstration in the capital. Soon after, he was captured and executed by soldiers along with seven others including cabinet ministers of the government.

After the execution of Bishop, the People's Revolutionary Army formed a military government with General Hudson Austin as chairman. Hudson Austin (born April 26 1938) is a former General in the Peoples Revolutionary Army of Grenada. The army declared a four-day total curfew during which it said that anyone leaving their home without approval would be shot on sight.

Invasion of Grenada by the U. The Invasion of Grenada, codenamed Operation Urgent Fury, was an Invasion of the nation of Grenada, an island in the Caribbean Sea 100 miles north S. and OECS military

Six days after the execution of Bishop, the Cuban communists controlled the island of Grenada. The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ( OECS) created in 1981 is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to economic harmonisation and integration protection of Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based It was later invaded by combined forces from the United States, the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), Jamaica, and Bermuda. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ( OECS) created in 1981 is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to economic harmonisation and integration protection of Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. The U. S. stated this was done at the behest of Dame Eugenia Charles, of Dominica. Dame Eugenia Charles, DBE ( May 15 1919 &ndash September 6, 2005) was the Prime Minister of Five other Caribbean nations participated with Dominica and the USA in the campaign against the Cuban and Grenadan forces, called Operation Urgent Fury. The Invasion of Grenada, codenamed Operation Urgent Fury, was an Invasion of the nation of Grenada, an island in the Caribbean Sea 100 miles north While the Governor-General, Sir Paul Scoon, later stated that he had requested the invasion, the governments of the United Kingdom and Trinidad and Tobago expressed anger at not having been consulted. The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription Sir Paul Scoon, GCMG, GCVO, OBE (b 4 July 1935) was Governor General of Grenada for 14 years from 1978 to

After the invasion of the island nation, the pre-revolutionary Grenadan constitution was resumed.

Eighteen members of the PRG and the PRA (army) were arrested after the invasion on charges related to the murder of Maurice Bishop and seven others. The eighteen included the top political leadership of Grenada at the time of the execution as well as the entire military chain of command directly responsible for the operation that led to the executions. Fourteen were sentenced to death, one was found not guilty and three were sentenced to forty-five years in prison. Capital punishment, the death penalty or execution, is the Killing of a person by judicial process as Punishment. The death sentences were eventually commuted to terms of imprisonment. Those in prison have become known as the Grenada 17. The Grenada 17 are seventeen political military and civilian figures who were convicted of various crimes associated with the overthrow of the Maurice Bishop government of

Twenty-first century history

In 2000-2002, much of the controversy of the late 1970s and early 1980s was once again brought into the public consciousness with the opening of the truth and reconciliation commission. A truth commission or truth and reconciliation commission is a commission tasked with discovering and revealing past wrongdoing by a government in the hope of resolving conflict The commission was chaired by a Roman Catholic priest, Father Mark Haynes, and was tasked with uncovering injustices arising from the PRA, Bishop’s regime, and before. In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession. It held a number of hearings around the country. Brother Robert Fanovich, head of Presentation Brothers’ College (PBC) in St. George’s tasked some of his senior students with conducting a research project into the era and specifically into the fact that Maurice Bishop’s body was never discovered. Their project attracted a great deal of attention, including from the Miami Herald and the final report was published in a book written by the boys called Big Sky, Little Bullet. The Miami Herald is a daily Newspaper owned by The McClatchy Company headquartered in Downtown Miami Florida. It also uncovered that there was still a lot of resentment in Grenadian society resulting from the era, and a feeling that there were many injustices still unaddressed. The commission began shortly after the boys concluded their project.

A view of Carriacou. Other Grenadine islands in distance

In 2004, after being hurricane free for forty-nine years, the island was directly hit by Hurricane Ivan (September 7). Hurricane Ivan was the strongest hurricane of the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. Ivan struck as a Category 4 hurricane and caused 90 percent of the homes to be damaged or destroyed. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a classification used for most Western Hemisphere Tropical cyclones that exceed the intensities of Tropical depressions The following year, 2005, Hurricane Emily (July 14) a Category 1 hurricane at the time struck the northern part of the island with 80 kt winds, causing an estimated USD $110 million (EC$ 297 million) worth of damage. Hurricane Emily was the fifth named storm, third hurricane second major hurricane and first Category 5 of the record-breaking 2005 Atlantic hurricane season Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been This was much less damage than Ivan had caused.

Grenada has recovered with remarkable speed, due to both domestic labor and financing from the world at large. By December 2005, 96% of all hotel rooms were to be open for business and to have been upgraded in facilities and strengthened to an improved building code. A building code, or building control, is a set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of safety for constructed objects such as Buildings and Nonbuilding The agricultural industry and in particular the nutmeg industry suffered serious losses, but that event has begun changes in crop management and it is hoped that as new nutmeg trees gradually mature, the industry will return to its pre-Ivan position as a major supplier in the Western world. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings

In April 2007, Grenada jointly hosted (along with several other Caribbean nations) the 2007 Cricket World Cup. The 2007 ICC Cricket World Cup was a Men 's Cricket Tournament that took place in the West Indies from 13 March to 28 April 2007 using the sport's After hurricane Ivan, the Chinese government paid for the new $40 million national stadium, along with the aid of over 300 Chinese labourers to build and repair it. A national stadium is a Stadium that typically serves as the primary or exclusive home for one or more of a country's national representative sports teams  [1]. During the opening ceremony the Taiwanese anthem was accidentally played, leading to the firing of top officials.

Geography

Main article: Geography of Grenada

The island Grenada itself is the largest island; smaller Grenadines are Carriacou, Petit Martinique, Ronde Island, Caille Island, Diamond Island, Large Island, Saline Island and Frigate Island. This article describes the Geography of Grenada. Grenada is a Caribbean Island (one of the Grenadines) between the Caribbean Carriacou Island in the Caribbean Sea, is the largest island of the Grenadines, an Archipelago in the Windward Islands chain Carriacou Island in the Caribbean Sea, is the largest island of the Grenadines, an Archipelago in the Windward Islands chain Ronde Island, Grenada is a 2000 acre Private island in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea. Caille Island is a small Islet between Grenada and Carriacou ( Grenadines) Diamond Island may refer to Diamond Island (Grenadines Diamond Island (Tasmania Diamond Island (Kentucky Large Island is an Islet between Grenada and Carriacou ( Grenadines) Saline Island is a small Islet between Grenada and Carriacou ( Grenadines) Most of the population lives on Grenada itself, and major towns there include the capital, St. George’s, Grenville and Gouyave. Grenville is the second largest city in Grenada after St George's and it is the capital of the largest Parish Saint Andrews Gouyave is the third-largest fishing town in Grenada (behind the capital St The largest settlement on the other islands is Hillsborough on Carriacou. Hillsborough is a small town with approx 700 people living there

The islands are of volcanic origin with extremely rich soil. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Grenada’s interior is very mountainous with Mount St. Catherine being the highest at 2,756 feet (840 m). Mount Saint Catherine is a Stratovolcano and the highest mountain on the Caribbean island of Grenada. Several small rivers with beautiful waterfalls flow into the sea from these mountains. "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there The climate is tropical: hot and humid in the rainy season and cooled by the trade winds in the dry season. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of A wet season or rainy season is a Season in which the average Rainfall in a region is significantly increased The trade winds (also called trades) are the prevailing pattern of easterly winds found in the Tropics near the Earth's Equator. The dry season is a term commonly used when describing the weather in the Tropics. Grenada, being on the southern edge of the hurricane belt, has suffered only three hurricanes in fifty years. Hurricane Janet passed over Grenada on 23 September 1955 with winds of 115 mph, causing severe damage. Hurricane Janet was the most powerful hurricane of the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season and one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) The most recent storms to hit have been Hurricane Ivan on September 7, 2004 causing severe damage and thirty-nine deaths and Hurricane Emily on July 14, 2005, causing serious damage in Carriacou and in the north of Grenada which had been relatively lightly affected by hurricane Ivan. Events 1251 BC - A Solar eclipse on this date might mark the birth of legendary Heracles at Thebes Greece. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Parishes

Main article: Parishes of Grenada

Parishes of Grenada

Grenada is divided into 6 parishes:

1. Saint Andrew
2. Saint David
3. Saint George
4. Saint John
5. Saint Mark
6. Saint Patrick

Carriacou and Petite Martinique, two of the Grenadines, have the status of dependency. |||} Grenada is divided into six Parishes Saint Andrew Saint David Saint George Saint John |||} Grenada is divided into six Parishes Saint Andrew Saint David Saint George Saint John Saint Andrew is the largest parish in Grenada. The main town is Grenville, which is also Grenada's second main town after St George's. Saint David in the southeastern part of Grenada is the fourth largest parish on the Island. Saint George is one of the parishes of Grenada, located on the south-western end of the island Saint John is one of the Parishes of Grenada. Its capital is Gouyave. Along the west coast of the island nation of Grenada lies the small fishing village of Victoria Grenada. Saint Patrick is one of the parishes of Grenada, covering the north of the country Carriacou Island in the Caribbean Sea, is the largest island of the Grenadines, an Archipelago in the Windward Islands chain

Politics

Grenada is a full member of the OECS. The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States ( OECS) created in 1981 is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to economic harmonisation and integration protection of

Main article: Politics of Grenada

As a Commonwealth realm, Queen Elizabeth II is Queen of Grenada and Head of State. Politics of Grenada takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister is the A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state The Crown is represented by a Governor-General, who is currently Sir Daniel Williams. Throughout the Commonwealth realms The Crown is an abstract metonymic concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government The Governor-General of Grenada has been the Viceroy of the Queen of Grenada since the country's independence from the United Kingdom in 1974 Day-to-day executive power lies with the Head of Government, the Prime Minister. In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Although appointed by the Governor-General, the Prime Minister is usually the leader of the largest faction in the Parliament.

The Parliament consists of a Senate (thirteen members) and a House of Representatives (fifteen members). The senators are appointed by the government and the opposition, while the representatives are elected by the population for five-year terms. With 48% of the votes and eight seats in the 2003 election, the New National Party remains the largest party in Grenada. A general election was held in Grenada on November 27 2003. The New National Party government of Prime Minister Keith Mitchell won The New National Party is a conservative Political party in Grenada. The largest opposition party is the National Democratic Congress with 45. Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government particularly in a Westminster -based Parliamentary system The National Democratic Congress is a liberal party in Grenada. 6% of the votes and seven seats.

Grenada is a full and participating member of both the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The Caribbean Community ( CARICOM) is an organization of Caribbean nations and dependencies

Economy and tourism

Mace within nutmeg fruit. The nutmegs Myristica are a Genus of Evergreen Trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia

Main article: Economy of Grenada

Economic progress in fiscal reforms and prudent macroeconomic management have boosted annual growth to 5%-6% in 1998-99; the increase in economic activity has been led by construction and trade. Economic Overview Grenada has a largely Tourism -based small open Economy. Macroeconomics is a branch of Economics that deals with the performance structure and behavior of a national or regional Economy as a whole Tourist facilities are being expanded; tourism is the leading foreign exchange earner. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel The foreign exchange ( currency or forex or FX) market refers to the market for currencies. Major short-term concerns are the rising fiscal deficit and the deterioration in the external account balance. A budget deficit occurs when an Entity (often a Government) spends more Money than it takes in Grenada shares a common central bank and a common currency (the East Caribbean dollar) with seven other members of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is the entity responsible for the Monetary policy of a country or of a group of member states A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is

Grenada is called The Spice Isle because it is a leading producer of several different spices. Cinnamon, cloves, ginger, mace, allspice, orange/citrus peels, wild coffee used by the locals, and especially nutmeg, providing 20% of the world supply, are all important exports. Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum verum, synonym C zeylanicum) is a small Evergreen Tree 10–15 metres (32 This article is about the Spice; for other meanings see Clove (disambiguation. Ginger is commonly used as a cooking spice throughout the world The nutmegs Myristica are a Genus of Evergreen Trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia The nutmegs Myristica are a Genus of Evergreen Trees indigenous to tropical southeast Asia and Australasia The nutmeg on the nation's flag represents the economic crop of Grenada; the nation is the world’s second largest producer of nutmeg (after Indonesia).

Devastation caused by Hurricane Ivan in Grenada.

Tourism is Grenada’s main economic force. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Conventional beach and water-sports tourism is largely focused in the southwest region around St Georges, the airport and the coastal strip; however, ecotourism is growing in significance. Ecotourism, also known as ecological tourism, is a form of Tourism that appeals to ecologically and socially conscious individuals Most of these small ecofriendly guesthouses are located in the Saint David and Saint John parishes. Saint David in the southeastern part of Grenada is the fourth largest parish on the Island. Saint John is one of the Parishes of Grenada. Its capital is Gouyave. The tourism industry is increasing dramatically with the construction of a large cruise ship pier and esplanade. Up to 4 cruise ships per day were visiting St. Georges in 2007-8 during the cruise ship season.

Tourism is concentrated in the southwest of the island, around St. Georges, Grand Anse, Lance Aux Epines, and Point Salines. Grenada has many idyllic beaches around its coastline including the 3 km long Grand Anse Beach in St George's which is considered to be one of the finest beaches in the world, and often appears in countdowns of the worlds top 10 beaches. ^[2]

Grenada is linked to the world through the Point Salines International Airport and the St. Point Salines International Airport is located in the parish of St George’s harbor. International flights connect with the Caribbean, America, and Europe. There is also a daily fast ferry service between St. George’s and Hillsborough.

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Grenada

About 82% of the population are descendants of the African slaves brought by the Europeans; no indigenous Carib and Arawak population survived the French purge at Sauteurs. Though most of Grenada 's Population is of African descent there is some trace of the early Arawak and Carib Indians The Atlantic Slave trade, also known as the transatlantic slave trade, was the trade of African people supplied to the Colonies of the New World Cariban languages Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people after whom the Caribbean Sea was named live in the Lesser Antilles islands The term Arawak (from aru, the Lokono word for Cassava flour was used to designate the Amerindians encountered by the Spanish in Sauteurs is a fishing village in the Saint Patrick Parish Grenada and is the sixth largest in Grenada with a population of about 1300 A small percentage of descendants of East Indian indentured servants were brought to Grenada mainly from the North Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh between May 1,1857-January 10,1885. Also present is a small enclave French and English descendants. The rest of the population is of mixed descent.

A school on the beach

Grenada, like many of the Caribbean islands is subject to a large amount of migration, with a large number of young people wanting to leave the island to seek life elsewhere. With just over 100,000 people living in Grenada, estimates and census data suggest that there are at least that number of Grenadian-born people in other parts of the Caribbean (such as Barbados and Trinidad) and at least that number again in First World countries. The term " first world " refers to countries that are capitalist, which are technologically advanced and whose Popular migration points for Grenadians further north include New York City, Toronto, the United Kingdom (London and Yorkshire predominantly - see Grenadians in the UK) and sometimes Montreal, or as far south as Australia. The City of New York Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Yorkshire is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in Great Britain. Grenadian British people are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom whose ethnic origins lie fully or partially in the Caribbean nation of Grenada Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec This means that probably around a third of those born in Grenada still live there.

The official language, English, is used in the government, but Grenadian Creole is considered the lingua franca of the island. An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory Grenadian Creole or Grenadian Creole English is a Creole language spoken in Grenada. A lingua franca (from Italian, literally meaning Frankish language, see etymology under Sabir and Italian below is any Language widely French Patois (Antillean Creole) is still spoken by about 10%-20% the population. Patois is any language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in Linguistics. Antillean Creole is a French -lexified Creole language spoken primarily in the Lesser Antilles. Some Hindi/Bhojpuri terms are still spoken amongst the Indian descendants, mostly those pertaining to the kitchen; such as aloo, geera, karela, seim, chownkay, and baylay. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Bhojpuri ( is a regional language spoken in parts of north-central and eastern India. The term bhai, which means 'brother' or 'partner' in Hindi, is a common form of greeting amongst Indo-Grenadian males of equal status. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Aside from a marginal community of Rastafarians living in Grenada, nearly all are mainstream Christians, about half of them Roman Catholics; Anglicanism is the largest Protestant denomination with Presbyterian and Seventh Day Adventist taking up the remainder. Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The Seventh-day Adventist (abbreviated " Adventist " Church is a Christian denomination which is distinguished mainly by its observance Most Churches have denomination-based schools but are open to all. There is a small Muslim population mostly from Gujarati Indian immigrants who came many years ago and set up some merchant shops. Gujarati people ( Gujarati: ગુજરાતી લોકો Gujǎrātī loko ?

Culture

Main article: Culture of Grenada

1965 carnival

Although French influence on Grenadian culture is much less visible than on other Caribbean islands, surnames and place names in French remain, and the every day language is laced with French words and the local dialect or Patois. Grenada 's French colonists brought along their culture as did the African slaves they brought across the Atlantic for agricultural work The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting Stronger French influence is found in the well seasoned spicy food and styles of cooking similar to those found in New Orleans and some French architecture has survived from the 1700s. A spice is a dried Seed, Fruit, Root, Bark or vegetative substance used in Nutritionally insignificant quantities as a Food additive New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana Island culture is heavily influenced by the African roots of most of the Grenadians but Indian influence is also seen with dhal puri, rotis, Indian sweets, and curries in the cuisine. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Dal (also spelled dahl, dhal or daal) ( Devanagari दाल Telugu పప్పు Bangla দ্দাল is a preparation

The "oildown" is considered to be the national dish, The phrase "oil-down" refers to a dish cooked in coconut milk until all the milk is absorbed, leaving a bit of coconut oil in the bottom of the pot. Early recipes call for a mixture of salted pigtail, pigs feet (trotters), salt beef and chicken, dumplings made from flower, provision: Breadfruit, green banana,yam and potatoes. Callaloo leaves are some times used to retain the steam and for extra flavour. Callaloo (sometimes calaloo) is a Caribbean dish that is most popular in Guyana, Barbados, Grenada, Haiti,

This dish is a common tradition at family and other gatherings at the beach, There is a modest debate in the West Indies about the origin of this dish, with some experts attributing it to other islands like Barbados or Trinidad & Tobago.

Foods aren’t the only important aspect of Grenadian culture. Music, dance, and festivals are also extremely important. Soca, calypso, and reggae set the mood for Grenada's annual Carnival activities. Soca is a form of Dance music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago from Calypso music. Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean Music which originated in Trinidad and Tobago at about the start of the 20th century Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Carnival is a festival season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February and March Zouk is also being slowly introduced onto the island. Zouk is a style of rhythmic Music originating from the French islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique. The islanders’ African heritage plays an influential role in many aspects of Grenada’s culture.

As with other islands from the Caribbean Cricket is the national and most popular sport and is and intrinsic part of Grenadian culture. Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries

An important aspect of Grenadian culture is the tradition of story telling, with folk tales bearing both African and French influences. Storytelling is the ancient art of conveying events in Words Images and Sounds often by Improvisation or embellishment History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological The character, Anancy, a spider god who is a trickster, originated in West Africa and is prevalent on other Caribbean islands as well. Anansi is one of the most important characters of West African lore In Mythology, and in the study of Folklore and Religion, a trickster is a God, Goddess, spirit, man woman or anthropomorphic West Africa or Western Africa is the Westernmost Region of the African Continent. French influence can be seen in La Diablesse, a well-dressed she-devil, and Ligaroo (from Loup Garoux), a werewolf. The Devil is the See also Lycanthropy (disambiguation Werewolves, also known as lycanthropes, are mythological or folkloric humans with the ability to

See also

• Communications in Grenada
• Foreign relations of Grenada
• Military of Grenada
• Public services in Grenada
• Transportation in Grenada
• The Scout Association of Grenada
• States headed by Elizabeth II

Bibliography

• Adkin, Mark. Communications in Grenada Telephone Telephones - main lines in use 32700 (2004 Telephones - mobile cellular 43300 The United States, Venezuela, Cuba, and the People's Republic of China have embassies in Grenada. The military of Grenada comprises two branches Royal Grenada Police Force, which includes a Special Service Unit Coast Guard This is a list of Hospitals in Grenada. General Hospital - St Grenada has no Railways or Merchant marine. Highways total 1127 km paved 687 kmDriving in Grenada is done The Scout Association of Grenada, the national Scouting organization of Grenada, was founded in 1924, and became a member of the World Organization The number of states headed by Queen Elizabeth II has varied during her years on the throne all-together seeing her as Head of state of a total of thirty-three countries during 1989. Urgent Fury: The Battle for Grenada: The Truth Behind the Largest U. S. Military Operation Since Vietnam. Trans-Atlantic Publications. ISBN 0-85052-023-1
• Beck, Robert J. 1993. Robert J Beck (1961-) is an educator and scholar of international law and international relations The Grenada Invasion: Politics, Law, and Foreign Policy Decisionmaking. Boulder: Westview Press. ISBN 0-8133-8709-4
• Brizan, George 1984. Grenada Island of Conflict: From Amerindians to People’s Revolution 1498-1979. London, Zed Books Ltd. , publisher; Copyright, George Brizan, 1984.
• Martin, John Angus. 2007. A-Z of Grenada Heritage. Macmillan Caribbean. [2]
• Sinclair, Norma. 2003. Grenada: Isle of Spice (Caribbean Guides). Interlink Publishing Group; 3rd edition. ISBN 0-333-96806-9
• Stark, James H. 1897. Stark’s Guide-Book and History of Trinidad including Tobago, Grenada, and St. Vincent; also a trip up the Orinoco and a description of the great Venezuelan Pitch Lake. Boston, James H. Stark, publisher; London, Sampson Low, Marston & Company.
• Steele, Beverley A. 2003. Grenada: A History of Its People (Island Histories). MacMillan Caribbean. ISBN 0-333-93053-3

References

1. ^ Government of Grenada Website. Retrieved on 2007-11-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
2. ^ The 10 Best Beaches in the World.

External links

• Rural poverty in Grenada (IFAD)
• Wikitravel - travel guide for Grenada
• Official Website of the Government of Grenada
• The Grenada Revolution online
• Brief History of Grenada
• Presentation Brothers College
• The Lost Bishop Photos