A gas-filled tube, also known as a discharge tube, is an arrangement of electrodes in a gas within an insulating, temperature-resistant envelope. An electrode is an Electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e This page is about the physical properties of gas as a state of matter A dielectric is a nonconducting substance ie an insulator. The term was coined by William Whewell in response to a request from Michael Faraday. An envelope is a Packaging product usually made of flat planar material such as Paper or cardboard and designed to contain a flat object which in a postal-service Although the envelope was typically glass, power tubes often use ceramics, and military tubes often use glass-lined metal. Glass in the common sense refers to a Hard, Brittle, transparent Solid, such as that used for Windows many The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικός ( keramikos) A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking
Gas-filled tubes operate by ionizing the gas with applied voltage to start electrical conduction. Ionization is the physical process of converting an Atom or Molecule into an Ion by adding or removing charged particles such as Electrons Electrical tension (or voltage after its SI unit, the Volt) is the difference of electrical potential between two points of an electrical Electrical conduction is the movement of electrically charged particles through a Transmission medium ( Electrical conductor) Both hot cathode and cold cathode type devices are encountered. Hot cathode is also a name for a Hot filament ionization gauge, a vacuum measuring device A cold cathode is an element used within some Nixie tubes Gas discharge lamps Gas filled tubes and Vacuum tubes Cold cathodes do not Depending on application, either the glow from the gas or the arc discharge may be the desired function. Electric glow discharge is a type of plasma formed by passing a current at 100 V to several kV through a gas usually Argon or another Noble An electric arc is an Electrical breakdown of a gas which produces an ongoing plasma discharge, resulting from a current flowing through normally nonconductive
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Switching gas-filled tubes
Some important examples include the thyratron, krytron, and ignitron tubes. A thyratron is a type of Gas filled tube used as a high Energy electrical Switch and controlled Rectifier. The Krytron is a cold-cathode Gas filled tube intended for use as a very high-speed switch and was one of the earliest developments of the EG&G Corporation. An ignitron is a type of controlled Rectifier dating from the 1930s
Lighting and display gas-filled tubes
Fluorescent lighting, CFL lamps, mercury and sodium discharge lamps and HID lamps are all gas-filled tubes used for lighting. A fluorescent lamp or fluorescent tube is a Gas-discharge lamp that uses Electricity to excite mercury Vapor. A sodium vapor lamp is a Gas discharge lamp which uses Sodium in an excited state to produce Light Metal halide lamps, a member of the High-intensity discharge (HID family of lamps produce high light output for their size making them a compact powerful and efficient
Neon lamps and neon signage (most of which is not neon based these days) are also low-pressure gas-filled tubes. A neon lamp is a Gas discharge Lamp containing primarily Neon gas at low Pressure. Neon signs are luminous-tube signs that contain neon or other inert gases at a low pressure
Specialized historic low-pressure gas-filled tube devices include the Nixie tube (used to display numerals) and the Decatron (used to count or divide pulses, with display as a secondary function). A nixie tube is an electronic device for displaying numerals or other information. In Electronics, a Dekatron (or Decatron, or generically three-phase gas counting tube or glow-transfer counting tube or cold cathode
Xenon flash lamps are gas-filled tubes used in cameras and strobe lights to produce bright flashes of light. A xenon flash lamp is an Electric glow discharge lamp designed to produce extremely intense incoherent, full-spectrum white light for very short durations A camera is a device used to capture images either as still Photographs or as sequences of moving images ( Movies or Videos.
The recently developed sulfur lamps are also gas-filled tubes when hot. The sulfur lamp (also sulphur lamp) is a highly efficient Full-spectrum Electrodeless lighting system whose light is generated by Sulfur
Other types of gas-filled tubes
A type of gas-filled tube called the Geiger-Müller tube is used to detect and measure ionizing radiation. A Geiger-Müller tube (or GM tube) is the sensing element of a Geiger counter instrument that can detect a single particle of Ionizing radiation, and typically Image talkNew_radiation_symbol_ISO_21482svg for details --> Ionizing radiation
One of the proposed designs for a fusion reactor is basically a gas-filled tube, the Farnsworth-Hirsch Fusor. The Farnsworth–Hirsch Fusor, or simply fusor, is an apparatus designed by Philo T
A tube in which electrons move through a vacuum (or gaseous medium) within a gas-tight envelope is called an electron tube.
See also
External links
- Pulse Power Switching Devices - An Overview (both vacuum and gas filled switching tubes)
- Measurement of Radiation, Gas Filled Detector
- Gas discharge tubes
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