Gansu Province
Chinese : 甘肃省 Gānsù Shěng
Abbreviations: 甘 or 陇  (pinyin: Gān or Lǒng)
Origin of name	甘 gān - Ganzhou (Zhangye) 肃 sù - Suzhou (Jiuquan)
Administration type	Province
Capital (and largest city)	Lanzhou
CPC Ctte Secretary	Lu Hao
Governor	Xu Shousheng (acting)
Area	454,000 km² (175,000 sq mi) (7th)
Population (2004)  - Density	26,190,000 (22nd) 57. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Zhangye ( Simplified Chinese: 张掖 Pinyin: Zhāngyì is a Prefecture-level city Jiuquan ( is a " Prefecture-level city " in the westernmost part of the Gansu province in China. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Lanzhou ( Postal map spelling: Lanchow is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu province in northwestern China. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended Xu Shousheng ( Chinese: 徐守盛 Pinyin: Xú Shǒushèng born 1953 is a Chinese Politician. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions special administrative In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions municipalities 7 /km² (149 /sq mi) (27th)
GDP (2006)  - per capita	CNY 227. This articles lists of the first-level administrative divisions of People's Republic of China (P Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 5 billion (26th) CNY 8,749 (30th)
HDI (2005)	0. This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of their total Gross This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC including all provinces autonomous regions and municipalities in order of The Human Development Index ( HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of Life expectancy, Literacy, Educational attainment, and GDP Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 675 (medium) (28th)
Major nationalities	Han - 91% Hui - 5% Dongxiang - 2% Tibetan - 2%
Prefecture-level	14 divisions
County-level	86 divisions
Township-level†	1344 divisions
ISO 3166-2	CN-62
Official website http://www.gansu.gov.cn (Simplified Chinese)
Source for population and GDP data: 《中国统计年鉴—2005》 China Statistical Yearbook 2005 ISBN 7503747382 Source for nationalities data: 《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 Tabulation on nationalities of 2000 population census of China ISBN 7105054255 † As at December 31, 2004

Gansu (help·info) (simplified Chinese: 甘肃; traditional Chinese: 甘肅; pinyin: Gānsù; Wade-Giles: Kan-su, Kansu, or Kan-suh) is a province located in the northwest of the People's Republic of China. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The Tibetan people are indigenous to Tibet and surrounding areas stretching from Central Asia in the North and West to Myanmar and China Proper Prefecture, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn) Township ( is the basic level of political divisions in China. ISO 3166-2 is the second part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES It lies between Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, and the Huangtu Plateaus, and borders Mongolia to the north and Xinjiang to the west. (青海 qīnghǎi is a province of the People's Republic of China, named after Qinghai Lake. Inner Mongolia ( Mongolian:, Öbür mongɣul; occasionally romanized to Nei Mongol is the Mongol The Loess Plateau ( also known as the Huangtu Plateau is a Plateau that covers an area of some 640000 km² in the upper and middle of China 's Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East Xinjiang ( Uyghur: شىنجاڭ Shinjang;; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang; Turkish: Sincan, Sincan Uygur Özerk The Yellow River passes the southern part of the province. The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the It has a population of approximately 26 million (2004) and has a large concentration of Hui Chinese. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The capital of the province is Lanzhou, located in the southeast part of Gansu. Lanzhou ( Postal map spelling: Lanchow is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu province in northwestern China. Gansu is abbreviated Gan or Long (陇/隴), and is also known as Long West or Long Right, in reference to the Long Mountain east of Gansu.

Administrative divisions

Main article: List of administrative divisions of Gansu

There are fourteen administrative areas in Gansu immediately below the province level: twelve prefecture-level cities and two autonomous prefectures:

The prefecture-level cities:

• Baiyin City (白银 Báiyín Shì)
• Dingxi City (定西 Dìngxī Shì)
• Jiayuguan City (嘉峪关 : Jiāyùguān Shì)
• Jinchang City (金昌 : Jīnchāng Shì)
• Jiuquan City (酒泉 : Jiǔquán Shì)
• Lanzhou City (兰州 : Lánzhōu Shì)
• Longnan City (陇南 : Lǒngnán Shì)
• Pingliang City (平凉 : Píngliàng Shì)
• Qingyang City (庆阳 : Qìngyáng Shì)
• Tianshui City (天水 : Tiānshuǐ Shì)
• Wuwei City (武威 : Wǔwēi Shì)
• Zhangye City (张掖 : Zhāngyè Shì)

The autonomous prefectures:

• Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (甘南 : Gānnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu)
• Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture (临夏 : Línxià Huízú Zìzhìzhōu)

History

Jiayuguan Fort. Gansu, a province of the People's Republic of China, is made up of the following administrative divisions: 14 prefecture-level A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Baiyin ( Simplified Chinese: 白银 Pinyin: Báiyín is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Gansu province Dingxi ( Simplified Chinese: 定西 Pinyin: Dìngxī is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Gansu province Jinchang ( Simplified Chinese: 金昌 Pinyin: Jīnchāng is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Gansu province Jiuquan ( is a " Prefecture-level city " in the westernmost part of the Gansu province in China. Lanzhou ( Postal map spelling: Lanchow is a Prefecture-level city and capital of Gansu province in northwestern China. Longnan may also refer to Longnan County in Jiangxi province China Pingliang ( is a Prefecture-level city in eastern Gansu Province in China. Qingyang ( Simplified Chinese: 庆阳 Pinyin: Qìngyáng is a Prefecture-level city in China 's Gansu province Tianshui ( is the second largest city in Gansu province in northwest China. Wuwei is located in northwest central Gansu province In the north it borders Inner Mongolia, in the southwest Qinghai. Zhangye ( Simplified Chinese: 张掖 Pinyin: Zhāngyì is a Prefecture-level city Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture ( Tibetan: -དཀར་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Dkar-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture ( Simplified Chinese: 临夏回族自治州 Pinyin: Línxià Huízú Zìzhìzhōu is in Western China 's Jiayuguan or Jiayu Pass ( is the first pass at the west end of the Great Wall of China, near the city of Jiayuguan in Gansu province

Gansu is a compound name first used in Song Dynasty China, of two Sui and Tang Dynasty prefectures (州): Gan (around Zhangyi) and Su (around Jiuquan). In Linguistics, a compound is a Lexeme (less precisely a Word) that consists of more than one stem. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by For subsequent types of praefectura, see Prefect. Prefecture (from the Latin Praefectura) indicates the office Zhangye ( Simplified Chinese: 张掖 Pinyin: Zhāngyì is a Prefecture-level city Jiuquan ( is a " Prefecture-level city " in the westernmost part of the Gansu province in China.

In prehistoric times, Gansu was host to a number of Neolithic cultures. The Neolithic (from Greek νεολιθικός — neolithikos from νέος neos, "new" + λίθος lithos The Dadiwan culture, from where numerous archaeologically significant artifacts have been excavated, flourished in the eastern end of Gansu from about 6000 BC to about 3000 BC ^[1]. The Dadiwan culture ( Chinese: 大地灣文化 5800 - 5400 BC) was a Neolithic culture found primarily in Gansu and western Shaanxi In Archaeology, an artifact or artefact is any object made or modified by a human culture, and often one later recovered by some archaeological During the 6th millennium BC, Agriculture spreads from the Balkans to Italy and Eastern Europe and from Mesopotamia to Egypt. The 30th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 3000 BC to 2901 BC The Majiayao culture (馬家窯文化) and part of the Qijia culture (齊家文化) also took root in Gansu from 3100 BC to 2700 BC and 2400 BC to 1900 BC respectively. The Majiayao culture (馬家窰文化 is a name given by archaeologists to a group of Neolithic communities who lived primarily in the upper Yellow River The Qijia culture (齊家文化 ( 2400 BC - 1900 BC) was an early Bronze Age culture distributed around the upper Yellow River region of western Events c 3100 BC — Narmer (Menes unifies Upper and Lower Egypt into one country he rules this new country from Memphis The 27th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2700 BC to 2601 BC The 24th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2400 BC to 2301 BC The 19th century BC was the century which lasted from 1900 BC to 1801 BC

The Qin state (秦), later to become the founding state of the Chinese empire, grew out from the southeastern part of Gansu, specifically the Tianshui (天水) area. Qín or Ch'in ( Wade-Giles) (秦 ( 778 BC - 207 BC) was a State during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China Tianshui ( is the second largest city in Gansu province in northwest China. The Qin name itself is believed to have originated, in part, from the area ^[2][3]. Qin tombs and artifacts have been excavated from Fangmatan near Tianshui, including one 2200 year old map of Guixian county ^[4].

In imperial times, Gansu was an important strategic outpost and communications link for the Chinese empire, as the Hexi corridor (河西走廊) runs along the "neck" of the province. Hexi Corridor or Gansu Corridor ( refers to the historical route in Gansu province of China. The Han dynasty extended the Great Wall across this corridor, also building the strategic Yumenguan (Jade Gate Pass, near Dunhuang) and Yangguan (阳关) fort towns along it. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Great Wall of China ( or ( is a series of stone and earthen Fortifications in China, built rebuilt and maintained between the 6th century BC and the 16th The Jade Gate or the Pass of the Jade Gate ( Chinese: 玉门关 (simplified or 玉門關 (traditional Pīnyīn: Yùmén Guān is the name of a Pass Dunhuang ( also written as 燉煌 till early Qing Dynasty; is a City (pop Remains of the wall and the towns can be found there to this date. The Ming dynasty also built the Jiayuguan outpost in Gansu. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led To the west of Yumenguan and the Qilian mountains, at the northwestern end of the province, the Yuezhi, Wusun, and other nomadic tribes dwelt (Shiji 123), occasionally figuring in regional imperial Chinese geopolitics. The Yuezhi or Rouzhi ( Chinese: 月支 Pinyin: yuè zhī or ròu zhī; also 月氏 Pinyin: yuè shì The Wusun (烏孫 were a nomadic Turkic speaking people who according to the Chinese histories originally lived to the northwest of China near the Yuezhi Nomadic people, (from the νομάδες nomádes, "those who let pasture herds" also known as nomads, are communities of people that The Records of the Grand Historian, also known in English by the Chinese name 史記 or Shiji, written from 109 BC to 91 BC Geopolitics is the study that analyzes Geography, History and Social science with reference to Spatial politics and patterns at various scales

After the fall of the Uyghur Empire, a Uyghur state was established in Gansu that lasted from 848 to 1036 AD. The Uyghur Events By Place Europe The Saracens destroy Leontini. Charles the Bald, Louis the German and

Situated along the Silk Road, Gansu was an economically important province, and a cultural transmission path as well. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the Temples and Buddhist grottoes ^[5] such as those at Mogao Caves ('Caves of the Thousand Buddhas') and Maijishan Caves contain artistically and historically revealing murals. A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices A grotto (Italian grotta) is any type of natural or artificial Cave that is associated with modern historic or prehistoric use by humans The Mogao Caves, or Mogao Grottoes ( (also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas and Dunhuang Caves) form a system of 492 temples 25km (15 The Maijishan Grottoes (麦积山石窟 are a series of 194 Caves cut in the side of the hill of Majishan in Tianshui, Gansu Province northwest China A mural is a Painting on a wall ceiling or other large permanent surface ^[6] An early form of paper inscribed with Chinese characters and dating to about 8 BC was discovered at the site of a Western Han garrison near the Yumen pass in August 2006 ^[7]. Paper is thin material mainly used for writing upon printing upon or packaging Written Chinese comprises the written symbols used to represent Spoken Chinese and the rules about how they are arranged and punctuated Year 8 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Garrison (various spellings (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip" is the collective term for a body of Troops Other names In Arabic, the month is called أغسطسص ʾUġusṭuṣ or آب ʾĀb; usage varies from place to place and Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Many parts of the province saw heavy fighting during the Muslim Rebellion of 1862-77. The Dungan Revolt was a religious war It also known as the Hui Minorities' War and the Muslim Rebellion.

Its frequent earthquakes, droughts and famines have tended to slow its economic progress, until recently when based on its abundant mineral resources it has begun developing into a vital industrial center. An earthquake in Gansu at 8. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer 6 on the Richter scale killed around 180,000 people in 1920, and another with a magnitude of 7. The Richter magnitude scale, or more correctly local magnitude M L scale assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar 6 killed 70,000 in 1932. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

Geography

Gansu province has an area of 454,000 km², and the majority of its land is more than 1 km above sea level. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Mean sea level (MSL is the average (mean height of the Sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface It lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Inner Mongolia, and the Loess Plateau, and borders Mongolia to the north-west. The Tibetan Plateau, also known as the Qinghai-Tibetan (Qingzang Plateau is a vast elevated Plateau in Central Asia covering most of the Tibet Autonomous Inner Mongolia ( Mongolian:, Öbür mongɣul; occasionally romanized to Nei Mongol is the Mongol Loess is a homogeneous typically non stratified porous Friable,slightly coherent often calcareous fine-grained Silty pale yellow or buff windblown ( aeolian Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East The Yellow River passes through the southern part of the province. The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the The province contains the geographical center of China, marked by the Center of the County Monument at 35°50′40.9″N, 103°27′7.5″E [2].

Part of the Gobi Desert is located in Gansu. The Gobi (Говь Govi or Gov', "gravel-covered plain" Chinese: zh-t 戈壁(沙漠 Gēbì (Shāmò)

The Yellow River gets most of its water from Gansu province. The Yellow River also flows straight through Lanzhou.

The landscape in Gansu is very mountainous in the south and flat in the north. The mountains in the south are part of the Qilian mountain range. At 5,547 meters high, Qilian Shan Mountain is Gansu’s highest elevation. It is located at latitude 39°N and longitude 99°E.

Neighboring provinces: Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Ningxia. Inner Mongolia ( Mongolian:, Öbür mongɣul; occasionally romanized to Nei Mongol is the Mongol Xinjiang ( Uyghur: شىنجاڭ Shinjang;; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang; Turkish: Sincan, Sincan Uygur Özerk (青海 qīnghǎi is a province of the People's Republic of China, named after Qinghai Lake. ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Ningxia ( Postal map spelling: Ningsia full name Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region ( is a Hui autonomous region of the People's Republic

Other cities include:

• Yumen
• Xiahe

Anti-desertification project

The Asian Development Bank is working with the State Forestry Administration of China on the Silk Road Ecosystem Restoration project, designed to prevent degradation and desertification in Gansu. Yumen ( literally "Jade Gate" is a city in western Gansu province in China. Xiahe ( is a county in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu province the People's Republic of China. Asian Development Bank (ADB is a regional development bank established in 1966 to promote economic and social development in Asian and Pacific countries through loans and technical It is estimated to cost up to US$150 million.

Politics

Secretaries of the CPC Gansu Committee: The Secretary of the CPC Gansu Committee is the highest ranking office within Gansu Province. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the ^[8]

1. Zhang Desheng (张德生): 1949-1954
2. Zhang Zhongliang (张仲良): 1954-1961
3. Wang Feng (汪锋): 1961-1966
4. Hu Jizong (胡继宗): 1966-1967
5. Xian Henghan (冼恒汉): 1970-1977
6. Song Ping (宋平): 1977-1981
7. Feng Jixin (冯纪新): 1981-1983
8. Li Ziqi (李子奇): 1983-1990
9. Gu Jinchi (顾金池): 1990-1993
10. Yan Haiwang (阎海旺): 1993-1998
11. Sun Ying (孙英): 1998-2001
12. Song Zhaosu (宋照肃): 2001-2003
13. Su Rong (苏荣): 2003-2007
14. Lu Hao (陆浩): April 2007^[8] - incumbent

Governors of Gansu: The Governorship of Gansu is the second highest ranking official within Gansu, behind the Secretary of the CPC Gansu Committee. Zhang Zhongliang ( Chinese 张仲良 1907 - 1983 was a politician of the People's Republic of China. Song Ping ( born 1917 was an official in the Communist Party of China and is considered a member of the Second Generation of Chinese Leadership. Su Rong ( Chinese:苏荣 Pinyin: Sū Róng born 1948 is a Chinese Politician who has been the chief Secretary of the Communist ^[8] The governor is responsible for all issues related to economics, personnel, political initiatives, the environment and the foreign affairs of the province. Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Environmental policy is any (course of action deliberately taken (or not taken to manage human activities with a view to prevent reduce or mitigate harmful effects on nature and natural ^[8] The Governor is appointed by the Gansu Provincial People's Congress, which is the province's legislative body. A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation ^[8]

1. Wang Shitai (王世泰): 1949-1950
2. Deng Baoshan (邓宝姗): 1950-1967
3. Xian Henghan (冼恒汉): 1967-1977
4. Song Ping (宋平): 1977-1979
5. Feng Jixin (冯纪新): 1979-1981
6. Li Dengying (李登瀛): 1981-1983
7. Chen Guangyi (陈光毅): 1983-1986
8. Jia Zhijie (贾志杰): 1986-1993
9. Yan Haiwang (阎海旺): 1993
10. Zhang Wule (张吾乐): 1993-1996
11. Sun Ying (孙英): 1996-1998
12. Song Zhaosu (宋照肃): 1998-2001
13. Lu Hao (陆浩): 2001-2006
14. Xu Shousheng (徐守盛): January 2007 - incumbent ^[8]

Economy

The Yellow River seen from the park of the White Pagoda. Song Ping ( born 1917 was an official in the Communist Party of China and is considered a member of the Second Generation of Chinese Leadership. Xu Shousheng ( Chinese: 徐守盛 Pinyin: Xú Shǒushèng born 1953 is a Chinese Politician.

Agricultural production includes cotton, linseed oil, maize, melons (the Bailan melon is well known in China), millet, and wheat. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp Linseed oil, also known as flax seed oil or simply flax oil, is a clear to yellowish Drying oil derived from the dried ripe seeds of the Flax Maize (ˈmeɪz ( Zea mays L. ssp mays) known as corn in some countries is a cereal grain domesticated in Mesoamerica Melon is a term used for various members of the Cucurbitaceae family with fleshy fruit The Bailan melon is a locally famous type of Melon grown near Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu province in the People's Republic of China The millets are a group of small- Seeded Species of Cereal crops or grains widely grown around the world for Food and Fodder Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Gansu is known as a source for wild medicinal herbs which are used in Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine (also known as TCM,) includes a range of traditional medical practices originating in China.

However, most of Gansu's economy is based on mining and the extraction of minerals, especially rare earth elements. Mining is the extraction of valuable Minerals or other geological materials from the earth usually (but not always from an Ore body A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific Rare earth elements and rare earth metals are according to IUPAC, the collection of seventeen Chemical elements in the Periodic table, namely The province has significant deposits of antimony, chromium, coal, cobalt, copper, fluorite, gypsum, iridium, iron, lead, limestone, mercury, mirabilite, nickel, crude oil, platinum, troilite, tungsten, and zinc among others. Antimony (IPA (Received Pronunciation, /ˈæntɪmoʊni/ (US is a Chemical element with the symbol Sb (stibium meaning "mark" and Chromium (ˈkroʊmiəm is a Chemical element which has the symbol Cr and Atomic number 24 Cobalt (ˈkoʊbɒlt is a hard lustrous silver-grey Metal, a Chemical element with symbol Co. Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29 Fluorite (also called fluorspar) is a Mineral composed of Calcium fluoride, Ca[[Fluorine F2]] Gypsum is a very soft Mineral composed of Calcium sulfate dihydrate with the Chemical formula Ca[[sulfur S]] O 4·2 Iridium (ɪˈrɪdiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Ir and Atomic number 77 Iron (ˈаɪɚn is a Chemical element with the symbol Fe (ferrum and Atomic number 26 Characteristics Lead has a dull luster and is a dense, Ductile, very soft highly Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Mercury (ˈmɜrkjʊri also called quicksilver or hydrargyrum, is a Chemical element with the symbol Hg ( Latinized hydrargyrum Mirabilite, also known as "Glauber's salt" is a hydrous Sodium sulfate mineral Na2SO4 · 10H2O Nickel (ˈnɪkəl is a metallic Chemical element with the symbol Ni and Atomic number 28 Petroleum ( L petroleum, from Greek πετρέλαιον, lit Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Pyrrhotite is an unusual Iron Sulfide mineral with a variable iron content Fe(1-xS (x = 0 to 0 Tungsten (ˈtʌŋstən also known as wolfram (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ is a Chemical element that has the symbol W and Atomic number 74 Zinc (ˈzɪŋk from Zink is a Metallic Chemical element with the symbol Zn and Atomic number 30 The oil fields at Yumen and Changqing are considered significant.

Industries other than mining include electricity generation, petrochemicals, oil exploration machinery, and building materials. Electricity generation is the process of converting non-electrical Energy to Electricity. Petrochemicals are chemical products made from raw materials of Petroleum or other Hydrocarbon origin

According to some sources, the province is also a center of China's nuclear industry.

Despite recent growth in Gansu and the booming economy in the rest of China, Gansu is still considered to be one of the poorest provinces in China. Its nominal GDP for 2006 was about 227. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 5 billion yuan (29. 4 billion USD) and per capita of 8,749 RMB (1,130 USD). Tourism has been a bright spot in contributing to Gansu's overall economy. As mentioned below, Gansu offers a wide variety of choices for national and international tourists.

Demographics

Gansu province is home to 26,033,400 people. Most of the population, 73%, is still rural. Gansu is 92% Han and also has Hui, Tibetan, Dongxiang, Tu, Manchu, Uyghur, Yugur, Bonan, Mongolian, Salar, and Kazakh minorities. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The Tibetan people are indigenous to Tibet and surrounding areas stretching from Central Asia in the North and West to Myanmar and China Proper The Monguor or Tu Zu ( Simplified: 土 Pinyin: Tǔ people are ethnically Xianbei (鲜卑 The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in The Uyghur (also spelled Uygur, Uighur, Uigur, Uyghur: ئۇيغۇر) are a Turkic people of Central Asia. The Yugurs ( or Yellow Uyghurs as they are traditionally known are one of China's 56 officially recognized nationalities, consisting of 13719 persons according The Bonan (also Bao'an) people (保安族 Pinyin: bǎoān zú native) are an Ethnic group living in Gansu and Qinghai The Salar people ( Salar: Salar Chinese: 撒拉族 Pinyin: Sālāzú) are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; Kazakh: Қазақтар qɑzɑqtɑr Russian: Казахи the English name is transliterated

Language

Most of the inhabitants of Gansu speak dialects of Northern Mandarin Chinese. On the border areas of Gansu you may hear Tu, Amdo Tibetan, Mongolian, and Kazakh. The Monguor language ( also written Mongour and Mongor) is closely related to Mongolian. Amdo ( Tibetan: ཨ༌མདོ Chinese transliteration 安多, Pinyin: Ānduō is one of the The Mongolian language (mn [[ImageMonggol kelesvg 17px]] Mongɣol kele, Cyrillic: Монгол хэл Mongol khel) is the best-known member of Kazakh (also Qazaq and variants natively kk Qazaq tili, kk Қазақ тілі; pronounced tˈlə is a Turkic language closely related to Most of the minorities also speak Chinese.

Culture

The cuisine of Gansu is based on the staple crops grown there: wheat, barley, millet, beans, and sweet potatoes. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. Barley ( Hordeum vulgare) is an annual Cereal Grain, which serves as a major animal Feed crop, with smaller amounts used for The millets are a group of small- Seeded Species of Cereal crops or grains widely grown around the world for Food and Fodder Bean is a common name for large plant Seeds of several genera of the family Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae used for human food or animal The sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas) is a Dicotyledonous plant which belongs to the family Convolvulaceae Within China, Gansu is known for its lamian (pulled noodles), and Muslim restaurants which feature authentic Gansu cuisine are common in most major Chinese cities. Lamian is the name of hand-made or hand-pulled Chinese noodle. Chinese Islamic cuisine (清真菜 or 回族菜 is the cuisine of the Hui (ethnic Chinese Muslims and other Muslims living in China.

Tourism

The Jiayuguan Pass of the Great Wall

Jiayuguan Pass, in Jiayuguan city, is the largest and most intact pass, or entrance, of the Great Wall. The Great Wall of China ( or ( is a series of stone and earthen Fortifications in China, built rebuilt and maintained between the 6th century BC and the 16th Jiayuguan Pass was built in the early Ming dynasty, somewhere around the year 1372. It was built near an oasis that was then on the extreme western edge of China. Jiayuguan Pass was the first pass on the west end of the great wall so it earned the name “The First And Greatest Pass Under Heaven. ”

An extra brick is said to rest on a ledge over one of the gates. One legend holds that the official in charge asked the designer to calculate how many bricks would be used. The designer gave him the number and when the project was finished, only one brick was left. It was put on the top of the pass as a symbol of commemoration. Another account holds that the building project was assigned to a military manager and an architect. The architect presented the manager with a requisition for the total number of bricks that he would need. When the manager found out that the architect had not asked for any extra bricks, he demanded that the architect make some provision for unforeseen circumstances. The architect, taking this as an insult to his planning ability, added a single extra brick to the request. When the gate was finished, the single extra brick was, in fact, extra and was left on the ledge over the gate.

Mogao Grottoes

The Mogao Grottoes near Dunhuang represent an astonishing collection of Buddhist art and religion. The Mogao Caves, or Mogao Grottoes ( (also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas and Dunhuang Caves) form a system of 492 temples 25km (15 Dunhuang ( also written as 燉煌 till early Qing Dynasty; is a City (pop Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Originally there were a thousand grottoes, but now only 492 cave temples remain. Each temple has a large statue of a buddha or bodhisattva and paintings of religious scenes. In Buddhism, buddhahood ( Sanskrit: buddhatva. Pali: buddhatta. In the Buddhist context a bodhisattva (बोधिसत्त्व bodhisattva;; Vietnamese Bồ Tát; बोधिसत्त bodhisatta In 336 AD, a monk named Le Zun (Lo-tsun) came near Echoing Sand Mountain, when he had a vision of golden rays of light shining down on him like a thousand Buddhas. This article is about the year 336. Events By Place Roman Empire The military successes of Emperor Constantine I Le Zun started to carve the first grotto to memorize the incident. During the Five Dynasties period they ran out of room on the cliff and could not build anymore grottoes. Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms ( 907-960 was an era of political upheaval in China, beginning in the Tang Dynasty and ending in the Song Dynasty. Now they have started to find old paintings that were painted over in the Five Dynasties.

Silk Road and Dunhuang City

A terracotta warrior from Gansu, with traces of polychrome and gold, from the Tang Dynasty (618–907)

The historic Silk Road starts in Chang'an and goes to Constantinople. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by The Silk Road, or Silk Routes, are an extensive interconnected network of Trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East South and Western Asia with the Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis, or gr ἡ Πόλις hē Polis, Latin: la CONSTANTINOPOLIS On the way merchants would go to Dunhuang in Gansu. In Dunhuang they would get fresh camels, food and guards for the journey around the dangerous Taklamakan Desert. The Taklamakan Desert (Takelamagan Shamo 塔克拉玛干沙漠 also known as Taklimakan, is a Desert in Central Asia, in the Xinjiang Before departing Dunhuang they would pray to the Mogao Grottoes for a safe journey, if they came back alive they would thank the gods at the grottoes. Across the desert they would form a train of camels to protect themselves from thieving bandits. The next stop, Kashi (Kashgar), was a welcome sight to the merchants. Kashgar or Kashi (officially transliterated as Kaxgar in Uyghur; قەشقەر/K̡ǝxk̡ǝr, is an Oasis At Kashi most would trade and go back and the ones who stayed would eat fruit and trade their Bactrian camels for single humped ones. The Bactrian Camel ( Camelus bactrianus) is a large Even-toed ungulate native to the Steppes of north eastern Asia. The Dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius) is a large Even-toed ungulate. After Kashi they would keep going until they reached their next destination.

Located about 5 km southwest of the city, the Crescent Lake or Yueyaquan is a oasis and popular spot for tourists seeking respite from the heat of the desert. Yueyaquan ( is a crescent-shaped Lake in the Oasis, 5 km southwest of the city Dunhuang of Gansu province, China. Activities includes camel and 4x4 rides.

Bingling Temple

Bingling Temple, or Bingling Grottoes, is a Buddhist cave complex in a canyon along the Yellow River. The Bingling Temple ( is a series of grottoes filled with Buddhist sculpture carved into natural caves and caverns in a canyon along the Yellow River. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices The Yellow River or Huang He / Hwang Ho ( Hatan Gol Queen river) is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the Begun in 420 AD during the Western Jin Dynasty, the site contains dozens of caves and caverns filled with outstanding examples of carvings, sculpture, and frescoes. The Jìn Dynasty ( 265 – 420) one of the Six Dynasties, followed the Three Kingdoms period and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties The great Maitreya Buddha is more than 27 meters tall and is similar in style to the great Buddhas that once lined the cliffs of Bamiyan, Afghanistan. The Buddhas of Bamyan ( - but hay-e bamiyaan) were two monumental statues of standing Buddhas carved into the side of a cliff in the Bamyan valley Access to the site is by boat from Yongjing in the summer or fall. There is no other access point.

Labrang Monastery

Labrang Tashikyil Monastery is located in Xiahe County, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, located in the southern part of Gansu, and part of the traditional Tibetan province of Amdo. Labrang Monastery (Tibetan བླ་བྲང་བཀྲ་ཤིས་འཁྱིལ་ Wylie bla-brang bkra-shis-'khyil Chinese 拉卜楞寺 Pinyin lābǔlèng sì is one of Xiahe ( is a county in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu province the People's Republic of China. Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture ( Tibetan: -དཀར་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ / Dkar-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul Amdo ( Tibetan: ཨ༌མདོ Chinese transliteration 安多, Pinyin: Ānduō is one of the It is one of the six major monasteries of the Gelukpa tradition of Tibetan Buddhism in Tibet, and the most important one in Amdo. The Gelug or Gelug-pa, also known as the Yellow Hat sect, is a school of Buddhism founded by Tsongkhapa (1357–1419 a Philosopher Tibetan Buddhism is the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and certain regions of the Himalayas, including Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Built in 1710, it is headed by the Jamyang-zhaypa. It has 6 dratsang (colleges), and houses over sixty thousand religious texts and other works of literature as well as other cultural artifacts.

Space launch center

The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is located in the Gobi desert in Gansu Province. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center ( JSLC) () is a People's Republic of China Space vehicle launch facility ( Spaceport) in the Gobi desert

Postage stamps

In August 1949, the provincial government overprinted the nondenominated stamps "locomotive" and "airmail arrow" stamps issued by the central government. Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. An overprint is the addition of text (and sometimes graphics to the face of a Postage stamp after it has been printed (although some overprints are solely in the Selvedge These overprints were made by handstamping in purple, and are quite rare, valued at over US$500 each. Counterfeits are known, and apparent examples should be expertized. A counterfeit is an imitation that is made usually with the intent to deceptively represent its content or origins Expertization is the process of Authentication of an object usually of a sort that is collected, by an individual Expert or a committee of experts

Education

Colleges and universities

• Lanzhou University (Lanzhou)
• Gansu Agricultural University
• Northwest Minority University
• Lanzhou Jiaotong University
• Lanzhou University of Technology
• Northwest University of Nationalities

Natural resources

Land

• 166,400 km² grassland
• 46,700 km² mountain slopes suitable for livestock breeding
• 46,200 km² forests (standing timber reserves of 0. Lanzhou University, founded in 1909 ( SC: 兰州大学 TC: 蘭州大學 PY: Lánzhōu Dàxué is a famous University located in Lanzhou Gansu Agricultural University is a university located in Lanzhou, Gansu province People's Republic of China. Lanzhou University of Technology is a scientific and technological university located in Lanzhou, the provincial capital of Gansu Province 2 km³)
• 35,300 km² cultivated land (1,400 m² per capita)
• 66,600 km² wasteland suitable for forestation
• 10,000 km² wasteland suitable for farming
• 454,000 km² total area

Minerals

Three thousand deposits of 145 different minerals. Ninety-four minerals have been found and ascertained, including nickel, cobalt, platinum, selenium, casting clay, finishing serpentine, and five other minerals whose reserves are the largest in China. {{cn} Gansu has advantages in getting nickel, zinc, cobalt, platinum, iridium, copper, barite, and baudisserite.

Energy

Among Gansu’s most important sources of energy are its water resources: the Yellow River and other inland river drainage basins. Gansu is placed ninth among China’s provinces in annual hydropower potential and water discharge. Gansu produces 17. 24 gigawatts of hydropower a year. Twenty-nine hydropower stations have been constructed in Gansu, each capable of generating 30 gigawatts. Gansu has an estimated coal reserve of 8. 92 billion tons and petroleum reserve of 700 million tons. There is also good potential for wind and solar power development.

Flora and Fauna

Gansu has 659 species of wild animals. Among these are the giant panda, snub-nosed monkeys, antelopes, snow leopards, deer, fawn, musk deer, and the Bactrian camel. The Giant Panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca, "black-and-white cat-foot" is a Mammal classified in the Bear family ( Ursidae) native to The snub-nosed monkeys are a group of Old World monkeys and make up the entirety of the Genus Rhinopithecus. Antelope are Ruminant hoofed Mammals of the family Bovidae in the order of Even-toed ungulates. The snow leopard ( Uncia uncia) sometimes known as the ounce, is a large cat native to the mountain ranges of Central Asia from Afghanistan Northern A deer is a Ruminant Mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. A deer is a Ruminant Mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. Musk deer are Artiodactyls of the genus Moschus, the only genus of family Moschidae. The Bactrian Camel ( Camelus bactrianus) is a large Even-toed ungulate native to the Steppes of north eastern Asia. It also has twenty-four other rare animals which are under a state protection. Gansu is home to 441 species of birds; especially among these, it is a center of endemism and home to many species and subspecies which occur nowhere else in the world. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. Endemism is the Ecological state of being unique to a place Endemic species are not naturally found elsewhere In Zoology, as in other branches of Biology, subspecies is the Taxonomic rank immediately subordinate to a Species.

Gansu province is second place in China for most medicinal plants and herbs, including some odd ones like hairy asiabell root, fritillary bulb, and Chinese caterpillar fungus. Codonopsis pilosula ( 党[[wiktionary 参|参]] pinyin dǎngshēn also known as dang shen or poor man's ginseng, is a perennial This article is about the plants Fritillary butterflies are several genera in the Heliconiini ( Subfamily Heliconiinae) Caterpillar fungus, Vegetable Caterpillar or Yarsagumba is a Chinese medicine product that is a result of a parasitic relationship between a

References

External links

• Gansu Government Website
• Gansu travel guide from Wikitravel