Russian GRAU major Emblem

The Main Agency of Missiles and Artillery of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (GRAU) (Russian: Главное ракетно-артиллерийское управление МО РФ (ГРАУ), Glavnoye raketno-artilleriyskoye upravleniye MO RF (GRAU)) is a department of the Russian (ex Soviet) Ministry of Defense. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (Министерство обороны Российской Федерации exercises operational leadership of the armed It is subordinate to the Chief of Armament and Munition of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, a vice-minister of defense. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (UTC (Вооружённые Си́лы Росси́йской Федера́ции Transliteration Vooruzhyónniye Síly Rossíyskoy Federátsii

In particular, the GRAU is responsible for assigning GRAU indices to Russian army munitions and equipment. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending

Arsenals of the GRAU, according to Kommersant-Vlast in 2005, include the 60th at Kaluga, the 55th at Rzhev, the 75th at Serpukhov south of Moscow, (all three in the Moscow Military District) and the 80th at Gagarskiy, the 116th at Krasnodk-Tyabrskiy and the 5th, all in the Volga-Urals Military District. Kommersant ( Cyrillic: Коммерса́нтъ (which literally translates as "The Businessman" is a commerce-oriented newspaper published in Kaluga01 0812 168gjpg|thumb|left|200px|Central Kaluga]]Kaluga01 0812 170g Rzhev (Ржев is the uppermost town situated on the Volga River. Serpukhov (Се́рпухов is an old town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which is situated at the confluence of the Oka and the Nara Rivers The Moscow Military District is a Military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The Volga-Ural Military District is a Military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, formed on 1 September 2001 by the amalgamation of the Volga ^[1]

GRAU indices

Armed Forces of the
Russian Federation

Services (Vid) Russian Air Force Russian Ground Forces Russian Navy Independent troops Strategic Rocket Forces Russian Space Forces Russian Airborne Troops Other troops Naval Infantry Naval Aviation Missiles and Artillery Command Ranks of the Russian Military Air Force ranks and insignia Army ranks and insignia Navy ranks and insignia History of the Russian Military Military History of Russia History of Russian military ranks Military ranks of the Soviet Union

GRAU indices are of the form <number> <letter> <number>, with the optional suffix <letter> <number>. The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (UTC (Вооружённые Си́лы Росси́йской Федера́ции Transliteration Vooruzhyónniye Síly Rossíyskoy Federátsii The Russian Air Force ( Russian: Военно-воздушные cилы России transliteration: Voyenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii) is the air force The Russian Ground Forces (Сухопутные войска Российской Федерации tr The Russian Navy or VMF ( Russian: Военно-Морской Флот (ВМФ России- Voyenno-Morskoy Flot Rossii (VMF or literally Military Maritime The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Military Space Forces (VKS are the branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation responsible for military space operations The Russian Airborne Troops or VDV (from "Vozdushno-Desantnye Vojska" Russian: Воздушно-десантные войска = ВДВ The Russian Naval Infantry, ( Marines, Морская пехота are the amphibious force of the Russian Armed Forces. The Russian Naval Aviation ( Russian: Авиация Военно-морского флота России - Aviatsiya Voenno-morskogo Flota Rossii) (formerly The following table presents images of the rank insignia used by the Russian Federation Air Force ( VVS) The independent Russia inherited the ranks of the Soviet Union, although the insignia and Uniform was altered a little The independent Russia inherited the ranks of the Soviet Union, although the insignia and Uniform was altered a little The Military history of Russia starts with the first people to establish settlements the Rus', who built Kiev, the Mongol invasion the numerous Modern Russian military ranks trace their roots to Table of Ranks established by Peter the Great. The military ranks of the Soviet Union were those introduced after the October Revolution of 1917 A specially assigned codename may follow the index.

For example: «2 S 19  Msta-S», the 2S19 Msta self-propelled howitzer. The 2S19 Msta (Мста named after the Msta River) is a conventional self-propelled 152 mm Howitzer designed by Russia / Soviet Union

Misconceptions

Several common misconceptions surround the scope and originating body of these indices. The GRAU designation is not an industrial designation, nor is it assigned by the design bureau. In addition to its GRAU designation, a given piece of equipment could have a design name, an industrial name and a service designation.

For example, some of the surface-to-air missiles in the S-25 Berkut air defense system had at least four domestic designations:

• design name: La-205
• industry name: Product 205, (izdeliye 205)
• GRAU index: 5V7
• service designation: V-300

Confusion also arises from the fact that some Soviet general-purpose bombs bore a similar-looking designation. A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft The S-25 Berkut (С-25 «Беркут» "Berkut" means Golden eagle in English is a surface-to-air Guided missile, the first operational A general-purpose bomb is an air-dropped Bomb intended as a compromise between blast damage penetration and fragmentation in explosive effect For example, the FAB-250sch entered service in 1944 with the design drawing no. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 3-01301 and the designation 7-F-334.

Designation scheme

The first part of a GRAU index is a number indicating which of the several main categories of equipment a given item belongs to. The second part, a Cyrillic character, indicates the subcategory. The Cyrillic alphabet (səˈrɪlɪk also called azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters is actually a family of Alphabets, subsets of which are used by The third part, a number, indicates the specific model. The optional suffix can be used to differentiate variants of the same model.

1 (Radio and electronics equipment)

• 1K - 1K1, the Buran space shuttle
• 1L - 1L14, the IFF detector for the 9K310 (SA-16 Gimlet) air defense system
• 1S - Radar (1S11, target detecting radar of 1S91 command and control vehicle of 3M12 air defense system)

2 (Artillery systems)

• 2A - Towed artillery systems (2A65 Msta-B)
• 2K - 2K11, Krug surface-to-air missile system; 2К12, Kub surface-to-air missile system
• 2S - Self-propelled artillery systems (2S19 Msta-S)
• 2U - Training equipment

3 (Army and naval missiles)

• 3M - Various missiles (3M80 Moskit, 3M45 Granit)

4 (Naval missiles and army equipment (munitions, reactive armour, etc. The Buran spacecraft ( Буран "Snowstorm" or "Blizzard") GRAU index 11F35 K1, was the only fully completed and operational NASA 's Space Shuttle, officially called the Space Transportation System ( STS) is the Spacecraft currently used by the United States In Telecommunications, identification friend or foe (IFF is a Cryptographic identification System designed for command and control The 9K38 Igla (9К38 «Игла́» needle) is a Russian Soviet man-portable Infrared homing Surface-to-air missile (SAM Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defense, is any method of engaging hostile military Aircraft in defence of ground objectives, ground or naval forces Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships Vehicles, derived from the Latin word vehiculum, are non-living Means of transport. Anti-aircraft warfare, or air defense, is any method of engaging hostile military Aircraft in defence of ground objectives, ground or naval forces A self-propelled gun (SPG is a gun whether it be an Artillery piece anti-tank gun or anti-aircraft gun mounted on a motorized wheeled or The 2S19 Msta (Мста named after the Msta River) is a conventional self-propelled 152 mm Howitzer designed by Russia / Soviet Union The P-270 Moskit (П-270 «Москит» Mosquito) is a Russian Supersonic Ramjet powered Cruise missile. The P-700 Granit (П-700 "Гранит" Granite) is a Soviet and Russian naval anti-ship missile. ))

• 4G - Warheads (4G15, the high explosive/HEAT warhead for the P-15 Termit anti-ship missile)
• 4K - Naval missiles (4K10, the submarine-launched missile R-27 (RSM-25) for D-5 "Zyb" system; 4K40, P-15 Termit missile)
• 4P - Launchers (4P140, the chassis of the BM-27 Uragan MLRS)
• 4S - Launchers (4S95, the launcher of "Kinzhal/Klinok" (SA-15 Gauntlet) air defense complex)
• 4#

• 46N6E (SA-10 Grumble), a SAM for the S-300 PMU-1 air defense system

5 (Air defense equipment)

• 5B - SAM warheads (5B18, the warhead for the S-125's V-601 missile)
• 5P - SAM launchers (5P75, the four-missile launcher for the S-125 air defense system)
• 5V - SAM missiles (5V55, SAM for S-300 air defense system)
• 5Ae - Computers (5Ae26, a specialized multi-CPU computer with a performance of 1. Typically a warhead is the Explosive material and Detonator that is delivered by a Missile, Rocket, or Torpedo. An explosive material is a material that either is chemically or otherwise Energetically unstable or produces a sudden expansion of the material usually accompanied The P-15 Termit (П-15 "Термит" Termite) was a type of Missile developed by the Soviet Union 's Raduga design bureau Anti-ship missiles are a Missile designed for use against Ships Most anti-ship missiles are of the Sea-skimming type and use a combination of A submarine-launched missile (SM is a Guided missile fired from a Submarine. See R27 for other uses The R-27 was a Submarine-launched ballistic missile developed by the Soviet Union and employed The P-15 Termit (П-15 "Термит" Termite) was a type of Missile developed by the Soviet Union 's Raduga design bureau The BM-27 Uragan (Ураган 'hurricane' GRAU index 9P140) is a self-propelled Multiple rocket launcher system designed in the Soviet Union The Tor missile system ("Тор" Torus) is a Russian made low to medium altitude short-range Surface-to-air missile system designed for engaging Airplanes A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. 5 MIPS)
• 5Ya - SAM's (5Ya23, a SAM for the S-75 air defense system)
• 5#

• 51T6 (SH-11/ABM-4 Gorgone), an exoatmospheric anti-ballistic missile interceptor for the A-135 air defense system
• 53T6 (SH-08/ABM-3 Gazelle), an endoatmospheric interceptor for A-135 air defense system

6 (Firearms, air defense equipment)

• 6B - Body armor (6B1), helmets (6B6)
• 6V - Firearms (6V1, the Dragunov sniper rifle)
• 6G - Firearms (6G3, the RPG-7 man-portable, rocket propelled grenade launcher; 6G17, the VOG-25 40 mm grenade cartridge)
• 6Zh - Firearm equipment (6Zh1M, a 100-round magazine for the PKM machine gun)
• 6P - Firearms (6P1, the 7. Instructions per second (IPS is a measure of a Computer 's processor speed An anti-ballistic missile (ABM is a Missile designed to counter Ballistic missiles (a missile for Missile defense) The A-135 or ABM-3 Anti-ballistic missile system is a Russian military complex deployed around Moscow to counter enemy missiles targeting the A ballistic vest is an item of protective clothing that absorbs the impact from gun-fired Projectiles and shrapnel fragments from explosion A helmet is a form of Protective gear worn on the head to protect it from injuries a variation of the hat A firearm is a Tool that projects either single or multiple Projectiles at high velocity through a controlled explosion The RPG-7 (РПГ-7 is a widely-produced portable shoulder-launched, Anti-tank Rocket propelled grenade weapon 62mm AKM)
• 6T - Firearm equipment (6T2, Samozhenkov's carriage for PKS machine gun)
• 6U - Firearm equipment (6U1, personnel carrier vehicle carriage for PKB/PKBM machine gun)
• 6Kh - Knives and bayonets (6Kh3, a sword-bayonet for the AKM)
• 6Ts - Sights (6Ts1, the PSO-1 sight for the Dragunov sniper rifle)
• 6Ch - Firearm equipment (6Ch12, the PBS-1 flash suppressor and silencer)
• 6Sh - Firearm equipment (6Sh5, an ammunition belt)

7 (Firearm munitions)

• 7B - Ammunition (7B33, the 7.62 x 54 mm R armour-piercing/incendiary round)
• 7G - Grenades (7G1, the RKG-3 handheld HEAT grenade)
• 7Z - Ammunition (7Z1, the 14. The AK-47 (contraction of Russian Автомат Калашникова образца 1947 года; Avtomat Kalashnikova obraztsa 1947 goda; "Kalashnikov's A knife is a handheld sharp-edged instrument consisting of handle attached to a Blade used for cutting A bayonet (from French baïonnette) is a Knife - Dagger - or spike-shaped Weapon designed to fit on or over the muzzle "Sights" redirects here For the rock band see The Sights. A flash Suppressor, also known as a flash guard, flash eliminator, or flash cone, is a device attached to a Rifle or other gun that A suppressor, sound moderator, or silencer is a device either attached to or part of the barrel of a Firearm to reduce the amount of The 762x54mmR Rifle cartridge is a Russian design dating back to 1891 5 x 115 mm incendiary round)
• 7N - Ammunition (7N1, the 7. 62 x 54 mm round for sniper rifles)
• 7P - Rocket propelled grenades (7P1, a 40mm RPG-7 round)
• 7S - Misc. RPG or rocket-propelled grenade, is a loose term describing hand-held shoulder-launched Anti-tank weapons capable of firing an unguided ammunition (7S1, a signal false-fire of orange smoke)
• 7T - Ammunition (7T2, the 7. 62 x 54 mm R tracer round)
• 7U - Ammunition (7U1, the 7. 62x54mm low speed (subsonic) US cartridge)
• 7Kh - Training ammunition (7Kh1, the 12. 7 x 108 mm blank cartridge)

Exceptions

• 71Kh6, the US-KMO Prognoz-2 early warning system satellite
• 73N6 Baikal-1, an automated air defense command and control system
• 76N6, a low-altitude target detector radar
• 75E6 Parol-3, the IFF interrogator for the S-75M and S-125

8 (Army missiles and rocketry)

• 8A - Ballistic missiles
• 8D - Rocket engines (mostly)
• 8K - Missiles (8K51, 8K63 Dvina, 8K64, 8K67, 8K71, 8K81, 8K84)
• 8P - Expendable launch systems
• 8S - Missile propulsion stages
• 8F - Warheads

9 (Army missiles, UAVs)

• 9K - 9К33, Osa surface-to-air missile system; 9К115-2, Metis-M anti-tank missile system; 9K310, the SA-16 Gimlet air defense system
• 9M - 9M62, T-92 UAV from aerial reconnaissance complex "Tipchak"; 9M133, Kornet anti-tank guided missile
• 9S - 9S737, Ranzhir mobile command center

10 (Equipment)

• 10P - Sights (10P19, the PGO-7V sight for RPG-7V grenade launcher)
• 10R - Radios (10R30 Karat-2, a radio transmitter)

11 (Rocketry and associated equipment)

• 11A - Rocketry (11A51, the Korolev N-1 heavy-lift launcher, 11A511, the Soyuz launcher)
• 11B - Nuclear thermal rocket engines (11B91 (RD0410); 11B97)
• 11G - Equipment (11G12, a refuelling station)
• 11D - Rocket engines (11D43, the RD-253 liquid fuel rocket engine (1-st stage of "Proton" space launcher))
• 11K - Rocketry (11K25 Energia, a heavy-lift rocket for the "Buran" space shuttle)
• 11M - Onboard equipment (11M243, solar array actuators for the 11F624 Yantar-2K satellite)
• 11P - Ground equipment (11P825, the launch complex for the 11K25)
• 11S - Rocket stages (11S59, the 1st and 2nd stages ("unit A") of the Soyuz launch vehicle)
• 11F - Satellites (11F67 Molnia-1, a telecom satellite; 11F35K1, the first production Buran; 11F654 GLONASS satellites)

14 (Rocketry and associated equipment)

• 14D - Rocket engines (14D30, the "Briz" booster's S5. A ballistic missile is a Missile that follows a Sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering a warhead to a predetermined target A rocket engine is a Jet engine that uses only Propellant mass for forming its high speed propulsive jet. The R-12 Dvina (Р-12 «Двина» Dvina) was a Theatre ballistic missile developed and deployed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The R-16 was the first successful Intercontinental ballistic missile deployed by the Soviet Union. The R-36 (Р-36 is a family of Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs and Space launch vehicles designed by the Soviet Union during the Cold The R-7 Semyorka (Р-7 "Семёрка" was the world's first true Intercontinental ballistic missile and was deployed by the Soviet Union during the The UR-200 was an Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM developed by OKB-52 of Vladimir Nikolaevich Chelomey in the Soviet Union. The UR-100 (УР-100 was an Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM developed and deployed by the Soviet Union from 1966 to 1996 An expendable launch system is a Launch system that uses an expendable launch vehicle (ELV to carry a payload into Space. An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic The 9K33 OSA (Оса Wasp) is a highly mobile low-altitude short-range tactical Surface-to-air missile system A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft The 9M133 Kornet ( Russian for " Cornet " is a Russian Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM Ranzhir-M 9С737М (Ранжир-М GRAU designation 9С737; ordnance) is a mobile command center for several types of Russian anti-aircraft weapons such "Sights" redirects here For the rock band see The Sights. This article is about a radio receiver for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. N1 or N-1 was the secret Soviet Rocket intended to send Soviet Cosmonauts to the Moon. The Soyuz launch vehicle (Western designation A-2 is an Expendable launch system manufactured by TsSKB-Progress in Samara Russia. The Proton rocket The Soyuz launch vehicle (Western designation A-2 is an Expendable launch system manufactured by TsSKB-Progress in Samara Russia. The Buran spacecraft ( Буран "Snowstorm" or "Blizzard") GRAU index 11F35 K1, was the only fully completed and operational 98M liquid fuel engine)
• 14I - Ground equipment (14I02, the ground equipment for the "Briz" booster's 8P882 system)
• 14P - Ground equipment (14P72, the service system for the "Briz" booster)
• 14S - Boosters (14S12, the "Briz" booster)
• 14T - Ground equipment (14T81, the storage equipment for the "Briz" booster)
• 14F - Satellites (14F10, the IS-MU Naryad anti-satellite weapon)

15 (Strategic Missile Forces equipment)

• 15A - Intercontinental ballistic missiles (15A14 and 15A18, the R-36M (SS-18 Satan) ICBM; 15A15, the UR-100MR (SS-17 Spanker) ICBM)
• 15B - Warheads
• 15D - Rocket engines (mostly)
• 15Zh - ICBM's and tactical ballistic missiles (15Zh45, the RT-21M Pioneer (SS-20 Saber) TBM)
• 15N - Command and control vehicles
• 15P - Silo-based launchers (mostly)
• 15U - ICBM ground equipment
• 15F - Warheads

17 (Rocketry and associated equipment)

• 17D - Misc. In Spaceflight, a booster may be either an entire Launch vehicle or "launcher" used to lift a Spacecraft. Anti-satellite weapons (ASATs are Space weapons designed to destroy Satellites for strategic military purposes The R-36 (Р-36 is a family of Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs and Space launch vehicles designed by the Soviet Union during the Cold The MR-UR-100 Sotka was a MIRV -warhead Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM developed and deployed by the Soviet Union from 1978 to A tactical ballistic missile is a Ballistic missile designed for short-range battlefield use A missile silo is an underground vertical cylindrical container for the storage and launching of intercontinental ballistic missiles ( ICBMs. rocket engines (17D58Ae, the stabilization and orientation engine of the "Briz-M" booster)
• 17K - Space-based systems (17K114, a space-based reconnaissance and targeting system)
• 17P - Ground equipment (17P31, the start system for 11K25)
• 17S - Rocket stages (17S40, Unit D of the Proton launcher)
• 17U - Ground equipment (17U551, the "Briz-M" booster testing system)
• 17F - Satellites (17F15 Raduga-1, a telecommunications satellite)

Sources and References

1. ^ Kommersant-Vlast, Vys Rossikaya Armiya, 2005

• Dictionary of GRAU designations at aviation.ru

External links and Further Reading

• History of the GRAU(Russian)
• Article on Russian air-dropped bombs of WWII(Russian)
• Duncan Lennox, 'Russian Missile Designators,' Jane's Intelligence Review, March 1993, p. 120
• Steven Zaloga, 'Russian Missile Designations,' Jane's Intelligence Review, August 1994, p. 342-349

The initial version of this article was based on material from aviation.ru. It has been released under the GFDL by the copyright holder. The GNU Free Documentation License ( GNU FDL or simply GFDL) is a Copyleft License for free documentation designed by the Free Software