Eastern European farmer

Western European farmer

A farmer is a person who is engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture This is a way of life that had long been the dominant occupation of human beings since the dawn of civilization. The term lifestyle was originally coined by Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler in 1929 Related, but much different, is gardening. Gardening is the practice of growing Plants for their attractive flowers or foliage and Vegetables or Fruits for consumption

Definition

The term farmer usually applies to a person who grows field crops, and/or manages orchards or vineyards, or raises livestock or poultry. An orchard is an intentional planting of Trees or Shrubs maintained for Food production. A vineyard is a Plantation of Grape -bearing Vines grown mainly for Winemaking, but also Raisins Table grapes and non-alcoholic Livestock is the term used to refer (singularly or plurally to a Domesticated Animal intentionally reared in an agricultural setting to produce such as Food Poultry is the category of Domesticated Birds which some humans keep for the purpose of collecting their eggs, or kill for their Meat and/or Their products are usually sold in a market or, in a subsistence economy, consumed by the family or pooled by the community. Sao Paulo Stock Exchangejpg|thumb| Virtual market arena where buyer and seller are not present and trade via intemediates and electronical information

In some countries a farmer engaged in raising horses, cattle, or sheep for meat is usually referred to as a rancher (US), grazier (Australia) or stockman. A ranch is an area of landscape including various structures given primarily to the practice of ranching the practice of raising grazing livestock such as Cattle Special terms also apply to other people who husband domesticated animals, namely shepherd for sheep farmers and goatherd for goat farmers. Animal husbandry, also called Animal science, stockbreeding or simple husbandry, is the agricultural practice of breeding A shepherd is a person who tends to feeds or guards Sheep, especially in flocks A goatherd (ˈgoʊtˌhɜrd or a goatherder is a person who herds Goats for a living The domestic goat ( Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat Domesticated from the Wild goat of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe These terms almost always refer to livestock operations that use unmanaged rangeland and must import most, if not all, supplemental feed. When livestock are raised on well-managed pastureland and/or most silage is grown on-site, most practitioners refer to themselves as farmers. The term dairy farmer is applied to those engaged milk production. A dairy is a facility for the extraction and processing of animal Milk &mdashmostly from goats or cows, but also from buffalo, Sheep A poultry farmer is one who concentrates on raising chickens, turkeys, domesticated ducks and geese, or is involved in egg production. Poultry is the category of Domesticated Birds which some humans keep for the purpose of collecting their eggs, or kill for their Meat and/or The chicken ( Gallus gallus, sometimes G gallus domesticus) is a domesticated Fowl which is traditionally believed to have descended from A turkey is either of two extant Species of large Birds in the Genus Meleagris native to North America. Domestication (from Latin domesticus) refers to the process whereby a Population of Animals For duck as a food see Duck (food; for other meanings see Duck (disambiguation. Goose (plural geese) is the English name for a considerable number of Birds belonging to the family Anatidae. An egg is a round or oval body laid by the female of many animals consisting of an Ovum surrounded by layers of Membranes and an outer casing which acts to nourish A person who raises a variety of vegetables for market may be called a truck farmer or market gardener.

In the context of developing nations or other pre-industrial cultures, most farmers practice a meager subsistence agriculture – a simple organic farming system employing crop rotation, slash and burn, or other techniques to maximize efficiency while meeting the needs of the household or community, using saved seed which is native to the ecoregion. Developing countries are countries that haven't reached Western-style standards of democratic government free market economy industrialization social programs and human rights guaranties Subsistence agriculture is self-sufficient farming in which farmers grow only enough food to feed the family and to pay taxes or feudal dues Organic farming is a form of agriculture that relies on Crop rotation, Green manure, Compost, Biological pest control, and mechanical Cultivation Slash and burn consists of cutting and burning of Forests or Woodlands to create fields for Agriculture or Pasture for Livestock, or An ecoregion ( ecological region) sometimes called a bioregion, is an ecologically and geographically defined area smaller than a "realm" or " In developed nations however, a person using such techniques on small patches of land might be called a gardener and be considered a hobbyist. The term developed country, or advanced country, is used to categorize countries with developed Economies in which the tertiary and quaternary sectors A gardener is any person involved in the growing and maintenance of plants notably in a Garden. A hobby is a spare-time Recreational pursuit Etymology A Hobby horse is a wooden or Wickerwork toy made to be Alternatively, one may be driven into such methods by poverty or, ironically--against the background of large-scale agribusiness--may become an organic farmer growing for discerning consumers in the local food market. Poverty (also called penury) is deprivation of common necessities that determine the quality of life including food clothing shelter and safe Drinking water, and Local food (also regional food or food patriotism) or the local food movement is a "collaborative effort to build more locally based self-reliant Historically, one subsisting in this way may have been known as a peasant. A peasant is an agricultural worker who subsists by working a small plot of ground

In developed nations, a farmer (as a profession) is usually defined as someone with an ownership interest in crops or livestock, and who provides land or management in their production. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Livestock is the term used to refer (singularly or plurally to a Domesticated Animal intentionally reared in an agricultural setting to produce such as Food Those who provide only labor are most often called farmhands. Alternatively, growers who manage farmland for an absentee landowner, sharing the harvest (or its profits) are known as sharecroppers or sharefarmers. Sharecropping is a system of agriculture or agricultural production in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land (e In the context of agribusiness, a farmer can be almost anyone – and can legally qualify under agricultural policy for various subsidies, incentives, and tax relief. In Agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term that refers to the various Businesses involved in Food production including Farming, Seed Agricultural policy describes a set of laws relating to domestic Agriculture and imports of foreign agricultural products In Economics, a subsidy (also known as a subvention is a form of financial assistance paid to a business or economic sector

See also

• Agriculture
• Agribusiness
• Gardening
• Landed gentry
• Organic farming
• Sustainable agriculture