Eye disease Classification and external resources
MeSH	D005128

This is a partial list of human eye diseases and disorders. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Eyes are organs that detect Light, and send signals along the Optic nerve to the visual areas of the brain

The World Health Organization publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries called the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems or ICD-10. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases This list uses that classification.

1 H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa

H00-H59 Diseases of the eye and adnexa

H00-H06 Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit

(H00. 0) Hordeolum ("stye" or "sty") — a bacterial infection of sebaceous glands of eyelashes
(H00. A stye (ˈstaɪ or hordeolum (/ˌhɔrˈdiːələm/ is an infection of the Sebaceous glands at the base of the Eyelashes While they produce no lasting damage 1) Chalazion — a cyst in the eyelid (usually upper eyelid)
(H01. A chalazion /kəˈleˌziən/ (plural chalazia /kəˈleˌzi 0) Blepharitis — inflammation of eyelids and eyelashes; characterized by white flaky skin near the eyelashes
(H02. Blepharitis /ˌblɛfɚˈɑɪ̯tɪs/ is an Ocular Disease characterized by Inflammation of the Eyelid margins 0) Entropion and trichiasis
(H02. Entropion is a Medical condition in which the Eyelids fold inward Trichiasis is a medical term for ingrown Eyelashes This can be caused by Infection, Inflammation, Autoimmune conditions and trauma 1) Ectropion
(H02. Ectropion is a Medical condition in which the lower Eyelid turns outwards 2) Lagophthalmos
(H02. Lagophthalmos is defined as the inability to close the Eyelids completely 3) Blepharochalasis
(H02. Blepharochalasis is an Inflammation of the Eyelid that is characterized by exacerbations and remissions of eyelid Edema, which results in a stretching 4) Ptosis
(H02. Ptosis is an abnormally low position (drooping of the upper Eyelid. 6) Xanthelasma of eyelid
(H03. Xanthelasma (or xanthelasma palpebrarum) is a sharply demarcated yellowish collection of Cholesterol underneath the skin usually on or around the Eyelids 0*) Parasitic infestation of eyelid in diseases classified elsewhere
- Dermatitis of eyelid due to Demodex species ( B88. Dermatitis is a Blanket term meaning any " Inflammation of the skin" (e Demodex is a Genus of tiny parasitic Mites that live in or near Hair follicles of Mammals About 65 species of Demodex 0+ )
- Parasitic infestation of eyelid in:
  - leishmaniasis ( B55. Leishmaniasis is a Disease caused by Protozoan Parasites that belong to the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the bite of certain -+ )
  - loiasis ( B74. Loa loa filariasis (also loiasis Calabar swellings and African eyeworm) is a Skin and Eye disease caused by the Nematode 3+ )
  - onchocerciasis ( B73+ )
  - phthiriasis ( B85. Onchocerciasis ( or /ˈɒnkoʊsɝːˈkaɪəsɨs/ also known as river blindness, is the world's second leading infectious cause of Blindness. Phthiriasis is a common Eyelid infestation caused by Phthirus pubis (pubic lice sometimes referred to as crab lice 3+ )
(H03. 1*) Involvement of eyelid in other infectious diseases classified elsewhere
- Involvement of eyelid in:
  - herpesviral (herpes simplex) infection ( B00. Herpes simplex is a Viral disease caused by Herpes simplex viruses both herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1 and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2 cause herpes simplex 5+ )
  - leprosy ( A30. Leprosy (from the Greek lepi (λέπι meaning scales on a fish or Hansen's disease, is a chronic disease caused by the bacterium -+ )
  - molluscum contagiosum ( B08. Molluscum contagiosum ( MC) is a viral infection of the Skin or occasionally of the Mucous membranes. 1+ )
  - tuberculosis ( A18. Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for tubercle bacillus or T u' b' erculosis Bacillus --> is a common 4+ )
  - yaws ( A66. Yaws (also Pétasse tropica, thymosis, polypapilloma tropicum, pian or parangi) is a tropical Infection -+ )
  - zoster ( B02. Herpes zoster (or simply zoster) commonly known as shingles, is a Viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with Blisters in a limited 3+ )
(H03. 8*) Involvement of eyelid in other diseases classified elsewhere
- Involvement of eyelid in impetigo ( L01. Impetigo (sometimes impetaigo) is a superficial Bacterial Skin Infection most common among children 2 to 6 years old 0+ )
(H04. 0) Dacryoadenitis
(H04. Dacryoadenitis is Inflammation of the Lacrimal glands (the tear-producing glands 2) Epiphora
(H06. 2*) Dysthyroid exophthalmos

H10-H13 Disorders of conjunctiva

(H10) Conjunctivitis — inflammation of the conjunctiva
(H11. Exophthalmos is a bulging of the Eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Conjunctivitis (commonly called " Pink Eye " or " Red Eye " in North America and " Madras eye " in India) is an inflammation 0) Pterygium — benign growth of the conjunctiva
(H11. Pterygium refers to any winglike triangular membrane occurring in the Neck, eyes Knees elbows Ankles 3) Subconjunctival hemorrhage — burst blood vessels on conjunctiva
(H13. A subconjunctival hemorrhage (or subconjunctival haemorrhage) is bleeding underneath the Conjunctiva. 1*) Conjunctivitis in infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere
- Conjunctivitis (due to):
  - Acanthamoeba (B60. Acanthamoeba is a genus of Amoebae one of the most common Protozoa in soil and also frequently found in Fresh water and other habitats 1+)
  - adenoviral follicular (acute) (B30. 1+)
  - chlamydial (A74. 0+)
  - diphtheritic (A36. 8+)
  - gonococcal (A54. 3+)
  - haemorrhagic (acute)(epidemic) (B30. 3+)
  - herpesviral [herpes simplex] (B00. 5+)
  - meningococcal (A39. 8+)
  - Newcastle (B30. 8+)
  - zoster (B02. 3+)

H15-H22 Disorders of sclera, cornea, iris and ciliary body

(H15. The sclera, called the white or white of the eye, is the opaque (usually white though certain animals such as horses and lizards can have black sclera fibrous The cornea is the transparent front part of the Eye that covers the iris, Pupil, and Anterior chamber. The iris consists of Pigmented Fibrovascular tissue known as a stroma. The ciliary body is the circumferential tissue inside the Eye composed of the Ciliary muscle and Ciliary processes. 0) Scleritis — a painful inflammation of the sclera
(H16) Keratitis — inflammation of the cornea
(H16. Scleritis is a serious inflammatory Disease that affects the white outer coating of the Eye, known as the Sclera. Keratitis is a condition in which the Eye 's Cornea, the front part of the eye becomes inflamed 0) Corneal ulcer / Corneal abrasion — loss of the surface epithelial layer of the eye's cornea
(H16. See Corneal ulcers in animals for information about the condition in animals For corneal abrasions in dogs and cats see Corneal ulcer. Corneal abrasion is a medical condition involving the loss of the surface Epithelial 1) Snow blindness / Arc eye — a painful condition caused by exposure of unprotected eyes to bright light
(H16. Snow blindness (Niphablepsia is a painful condition typically a Keratitis, caused by exposure of unprotected Eyes to the Ultraviolet (UV rays in bright Arc eye, also known as welder's flash, bake eyes, corneal flash burns, or flash burns, is a painful ocular condition sometimes experienced by 1) Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy
(H16. Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy ( TSPK) is a Disease of the Eyes The causes of TSPK are not currently known but details of the disease were 4) Corneal neovascularization
(H18. Corneal neovascularization is the excessive ingrowth of Blood vessels from the Limbal vascular plexus into the Cornea, caused by a low reception of 5) Fuchs' dystrophy — cloudy morning vision
(H18. Fuchs' dystrophy, also known as Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy, is a slowly progressing Corneal Disease that usually affects both Eyes and is slightly 6) Keratoconus — the cornea thins and changes shape to be more like a cone than a parabola
(H19. Keratoconus (from Greek: kerato- horn cornea and konos cone is a degenerative disorder of the 3) Keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eyes
(H20. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS, also called Keratitis sicca, sicca syndrome, 0) Iritis — inflammation of the iris
(H20. Iritis is a form of anterior Uveitis and refers to the Inflammation of the iris of the Eye. 0, H44. 1) Uveitis — inflammatory process involving the interior of the eye

H25-H28 Disorders of lens

(H25-H26) Cataract — the lens becomes opaque

H30-H36 Disorders of choroid and retina

(H33) Retinal detachment — the retina detaches from the choroid, leading to blurred and distorted vision
(H33. Uveitis specifically refers to Inflammation of the middle layer of the Eye, termed the " Uvea " but in common usage may refer to any inflammatory A cataract is a clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the Eye or in its envelope varying in degree from slight to complete opacity Retinal detachment is a disorder of the Eye in which the Retina peels away from its underlying layer of support tissue 1) Retinoschisis — the retina separates into several layers and may detach
(H35. Retinoschisis is an Eye disease characterized by the abnormal splitting of the Retina 's neurosensory layers usually in the Outer plexiform layer, resulting 0) Hypertensive retinopathy — burst blood vessels, due to long-term high blood pressure
- (H35. Hypertensive retinopathy is damage to the Retina due to high Blood pressure (i 0/E10-E14) Diabetic retinopathy damage to the retina caused by complications of diabetes mellitus, which could eventually lead to blindness
(H35. Diabetic retinopathy is Retinopathy (damage to the Retina) caused by complications of Diabetes mellitus, which can eventually lead to Blindness 0-H35. 2) Retinopathy — general term referring to non-inflammatory damage to the retina
(H35. Retinopathy is a general term that refers to some form of non-inflammatory damage to the Retina of the Eye. 1) Retinopathy of prematurity — scarring and retinal detachment in premature babies
(H35. Retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP) previously known as retrolental fibroplasia (RLF is a disease of the Eye that affects prematurely born babies 3) Age-related macular degeneration — the photosensitive cells in the macula malfunction and over time cease to work
(H35. Macular degeneration is a medical condition usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the Macula) because 3) Macular degeneration — loss of central vision, due to macular degeneration
(H35. Macular degeneration is a medical condition usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the Macula) because 5) Retinitis pigmentosa — genetic disorder; tunnel vision preceded by night-blindness
(H35. Retinitis pigmentosa ( RP) is a group of genetic Eye conditions 81) Macular edema — distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula

H40-H42 Glaucoma

(H40-H42) Glaucoma — optic neuropathy

H43-H45 Disorders of vitreous body and globe

(H43. Macular Edema occurs when fluid and Protein deposits collect on or under the Macula of the Eye, a yellow central area of the Retina Glaucoma is a group of diseases of the Optic nerve involving loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy. 9) Floaters — shadow-like shapes which appear singly or together with several others in the field of vision

H46-H48 Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways

(H47. Floaters are deposits of various size shape consistency Refractive 2) Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy — genetic disorder; loss of central vision

H49-H52 Disorders of ocular muscles, binocular movement, accommodation and refraction

(H49-H50) Strabismus (Crossed eye/Wandering eye/Walleye) — the eyes do not point in the same direction
- (H49. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON or Leber optic atrophy is a mitochondrially inherited (mother to all offspring degeneration of Retinal Strabismus (from Greek: στραβισμός strabismos, from στραβίζειν strabizein "to squint" from στραβός strabos 3-4) Ophthalmoparesis — the partial or total paralysis of the eye muscles
- (H49. Ophthalmoparesis is a physical finding in certain neurologic illnesses 4) Progressive external ophthalmoplegia — weakness of the external eye muscles
- (H50. Progressive external ophthalmoplegia is a disorder of the Mitochondria. 0, H50. 3) Esotropia — the tendency for eyes to become cross-eyed
- (H50. Esotropia is a form of Strabismus, or "squint" in which one or both Eyes turns inward 1, H50. 3) Exotropia — the tendency for eyes to look outward
H52 Disorders of refraction and accommodation
- (H52. Exotropia is a form of Strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward A refractive error, or refraction error, is an error in the focusing of Light by the Eye and a frequent reason for reduced Visual acuity Accommodation is the process by which the:eye increases Optical power to maintain a clear image ( focus) on an object as it draws near the eye 0) Hyperopia (Farsightedness) — the inability to focus on near objects (and in extreme cases, any objects)
- (H52. Hyperopia, also known as farsightedness or longsightedness, is a Defect of vision caused by an imperfection in the Eye (often when 1) Myopia (Nearsightedness) — distant objects appear blurred
- (H52. Myopia (from Greek: μυωπία myopia "near-sightedness" also called near- or short-sightedness, is a refractive defect 2) Astigmatism — the cornea or the lens of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes
- (H52. Astigmatism is an optical defect whereby vision is blurred due to the inability of the optics of the eye to focus a point object into a sharp focused image on the retina 3) Anisometropia — the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths
- (H52. Anisometropia is the condition in which the two Eyes have unequal Refractive power; that is are in different states of Myopia (nearsightedness Hyperopia 4) Presbyopia — a condition that occurs with growing age and results in the inability to focus on close objects
- (H52. Presbyopia (Greek word "presbys" (πρέσβυς meaning "old person" describes the condition where the Eye exhibits a progressively diminished ability 5) Disorders of accommodation
  - Internal ophthalmoplegia

H53-H54. Ophthalmoparesis is a physical finding in certain neurologic illnesses 9 Visual disturbances and blindness

(H53. 0) Amblyopia (lazy eye) — poor or blurry vision due to either no transmission or poor transmission of the visual image to the brain
(H53. Amblyopia, otherwise known as lazy eye, is a disorder of the Visual system that is characterized by poor or indistinct vision in an eye that 0) Leber's congenital amaurosis — genetic disorder; appears at birth, characterised by sluggish or no pupillary responses
(H53. Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA is a rare inherited eye disease that appears at birth or in the first few months of life and affects around 1 in 80000 1, H53. 4) Scotoma (blind spot) — an area impairment of vision surrounded by a field of relatively well-preserved vision
(H53. A scotoma ( Greek: darkness; plural "scotomas" or " scotomata " is an area or island of loss or impairment of Visual acuity 5) Color blindness — the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish
- (H53. Color blindness, a Color vision deficiency is the inability to perceive differences between some of the Colors that others can distinguish 5) Achromatopsia / Maskun — a low cone count or lack of function in cone cells
(H53. Achromatopsia ( ACHM) spelled with an s is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to at least five separate individual diseases Achromatopsia ( ACHM) spelled with an s is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to at least five separate individual diseases 6) Nyctalopia (Nightblindness) — a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in the dark
(H54) Blindness — the brain does not receive optical information, through various causes
- (H54/B73) River blindness — blindness caused by long-term infection by a parasitic worm (rare in western societies)
- (H54. Nyctalopia (Greek for " night blindness " is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light Blindness is the condition of lacking Visual perception due to Physiological or Neurological factors Onchocerciasis ( or /ˈɒnkoʊsɝːˈkaɪəsɨs/ also known as river blindness, is the world's second leading infectious cause of Blindness. 9) micro-opthalmia/coloboma — a disconnection between the optic nerve and the brain and/or spinal cord.

H55-H59 Other disorders of eye and adnexa

(H57. 9) Red eye — conjunctiva appears red typically due to illness or injury
(H58. In Medicine, red eye is a non-specific term to describe an Eye that appears Red due to illness injury or some other condition 0) Argyll Robertson pupil — small, unequal, irregularly shaped pupils

Other codes

(B36. Argyll Robertson pupils (“AR pupils” are bilateral small Pupils that constrict when the patient focuses on a near object (they “ accommodate ” but do 1) Keratomycosis — fungal infection of the cornea
(E50. A fungal keratitis is an 'inflammation of the Eye 's Cornea ' (called Keratitis) that results from infection by a Fungal organism 6-E50. 7) Xerophthalmia — dry eyes, caused by vitamin A deficiency
(Q13. Xerophthalmia ( Greek for dry eyes) is a medical condition in which the Eye fails to produce Tears. 1) Aniridia — a rare congenital eye condition leading to underdevelopment or even absence of the iris of the eye

References

World Health Organization's ICD-10 Codes

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