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Endemic warfare is the state of continual, low-threshold warfare in a tribal warrior society. War is an international relations Dispute, characterized by organized Violence between National Military units A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use According to the Random House Dictionary, the term warrior has two meanings Endemic warfare is often highly ritualized and plays an important function in assisting the formation of a social structure among the tribes' men by proving themselves in battle. Typical activities associated with endemic warfare are cattle raids and abduction of women. The Latin term raptio refers to abduction of women, either for Marriage (e

Human tendencies to compete and social demands for group and individual survival may conflict. Competition is a rivalry between individuals groups nations or animals for territory or resources Many societies possess a compromise: ritual fighting. Ritual fighting (or ritual battle or ritual warfare) permits the display of courage, masculinity and the expression of emotion while resulting in relatively few wounds and even fewer deaths. Gallantry redirects here Or see Gallant for other meanings Courage, also known as bravery, will, intrepidity Thus one can view the practice as a standard form of conflict-resolution and/or as a healthy psycho-social exercise. The term "conflict resolution" refers to a range of processes aimed at alleviating or eliminating sources of conflict Native Americans often engaged in this activity but warfare occurs or occurred much more rarely in most other hunter-gatherer cultures[1]. For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. A hunter-gatherer society is one whose primary subsistence method involves the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild Foraging and Hunting In more formalised social environments representative champions — not necessarily leaders themselves — may represent a party and engage in ritual single combat after the manner of David and Goliath. A champion (identical to the French from the late Latin campio) is one who has repeatedly come out first among contestants in challenges (especially the winner of a tournament The word leadership can refer to Those entities that perform one or more acts of leading As practiced from the 11th to 20th centuries in Western societies a duel is an engagement in combat between two individuals with matched weapons in accordance with their combat Goliath ( גָּלְיָת, Standard Hebrew Golyat, Tiberian Hebrew Golyāṯ, Arabic: جالوت Jalut (Muslim

Warfare is known to several tribal societies, but some societies develop a particular emphasis of warrior culture (such as the Nuer of Sudan, the Māori of New Zealand, the Dugum Dani of New Guinea, the Yanomamö (dubbed "the Fierce People") of the Amazonas, or the Germanic tribes of Iron Age Europe). The Nuer are a confederation of tribes located in Southern Sudan and western Ethiopia. This article discusses the Māori people of New Zealand For their language see Māori language, and for other meanings see Māori (disambiguation. The Dani people also spelled Ndani, and sometimes conflated with the Lani group to the west are a people from the central highlands of Western New Guinea The Ya̧nomamö are a large population of native people in South America. The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic

Endemic warfare is not equivalent to "primitive warfare" in general, but is reserved for perpetual low-threshold conflicts. Communal societies are well capable of escalation to all-out wars of annihilation between tribes. Thus, in the Amazonas, there was perpetual animosity between the neighboring tribes of the Jivaro. Amazonas is derived from Rio Amazonas, the local Portuguese name for the Amazon River. A fundamental difference between wars enacted within the same tribe and against neighboring tribes is such that "wars between different tribes are in principle wars of extermination" [2].

The Yanomamö of the Amazonas traditionally practiced a system of escalation of violence in several discrete stages. The Ya̧nomamö are a large population of native people in South America. The chest-pounding duel, the side-slapping duel, the club fight, and the spear-throwing fight. Further escalation results in raiding parties with the purpose of killing at least one member of the hostile faction. Finally, the highest stage of escalation is Nomohoni or all-out massacres brought about by treachery.

Similar customs were known Dugum Dani and the Chimbu of New Guinea, the Nuer of Sudan and the North American Plains Indians. The Dani people also spelled Ndani, and sometimes conflated with the Lani group to the west are a people from the central highlands of Western New Guinea The Nuer are a confederation of tribes located in Southern Sudan and western Ethiopia. The Plains Indians are the Indigenous peoples who live on the plains and rolling hills of the Great Plains of North America. Among the Chimbu and the Dugum Dani, pig theft was the most common cause of conflict, even more frequent than abduction of women, while among the Yanomamö, the most frequent initial cause of warfare were accusations of sorcery. Warfare serves the function of easing intra-group tensions and has aspects of a game, or "overenthusiastic football" [3]. Especially Dugum Dani "battles" have a conspicuous element of play, with one documented instance of a battle interrupted when both sides were distracted by throwing stones at a passing cockoo dove [4]

References

  1. ^ The Absence of War. open Democracy (2003-05-21). Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 878 - Syracuse Italy is captured by the Muslim sultan of Sicily. Retrieved on 2008-05-25. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors.
  2. ^ Karsten, Rafael (1923). Blood revenge, war, and victory feasts among the Jibaro Indians of eastern Ecuador. Kessinger Publishing, 277. ISBN 9781417931811.  
  3. ^ Orme, Bryony (1981). Anthropology for Archaeologits. Cornell University Presss, 196. ISBN 9780801413988.  
  4. ^ Heider, Karl (1970). The Dugum Dani. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company, 111. ISBN 9780202010397.  

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Prehistoric warfare is War conducted in the era before Writing, and before the establishments of large social entities like States Historical warfare sets Tinku is a form of Ritual conflict practiced by local people in Potosí, Bolivia. A war dance is a dance involving Mock combat, usually in reference to Tribal warrior societies where such dances were performed as a Ritual connected with Mock combat is the execution of Combative actions without intent to harm Riots are a form of Civil disorders characterized by disorganized groups lashing out in a sudden and intense rash of Violence, Vandalism or other Religious violence is a term that covers all phenomena where Religion, in any of its forms is either the subject or object of individual or collective violent behaviour Aztec warfare concerns the aspects associated with the militaristic conventions forces Weaponry and strategic expansions conducted by the Late Postclassic The period of Anglo-Saxon warfare spans the 5th Century CE to the 11th in England. Origins of the Mongols Archaeological evidence places early Stone Age human habitation in the southern Gobi between 100000 and 200000 years ago
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