ETR 500 (Elettro Treno Rapido 500) is a family of Italian high-speed trains introduced in 1993. ETR (Italian Elettro Treno Rapido, "Rapid Electric Train" is a series of Italian high-speed trains.
Designed under the aegis of the Ferrovie dello Stato, it is now operated by Trenitalia on RFI tracks. The Ferrovie dello Stato (Italian State Railways or FS is the operator of the Italian Railway network Trenitalia is the primary operator of trains within Italy. Trenitalia is owned by Ferrovie dello Stato, itself owned by the Italian Government. Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI is an Italian company fully owned by Ferrovie dello Stato. Due to the fact that most of the Italian high-speed network is still under construction, these trains often run at speeds lower than the 300 km/h at which they were designed to run.
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History
Although Italy was already a pioneer in high speed trains in the 1930s, it wasn't until the 1960s before the first high speed lines were being studied on. The opening of the Direttissima, connecting Florence with Rome, in stages between 1978 and 1991 was also a very first in Europe, but Italy still limped behind compared to other European countries.
In the 1990s FS finally unveiled plans to build a whole new high speed network. As the larger part of the network would be suited for speeds of 300 km/h, new, non-tilting trains had to be designed as the tilting equipment used in the ETR. 450, 460 and 480 series wasn't suited for speeds of over 250 km/h.
The prototypes
In 1988 the first prototype motorcar, called "ETR. 500-X" and nicknamed "Remo", rolled out of the factory in Vado Ligure. It was tested on the Direttissima in the consist with a measuring car and an E 444 locomotive and reached a record speed of 319 km/h. The FS E444 is a class of Italian railways Electric locomotives They were introduced in the course of the 1960 until 1975.
In 1990 the 2 first complete trainsets, called "ETR. 500-Y" and nicknamed "Romolo" were delivered. They were used as test units between their delivery and 1995, when the first production sets entered into service. Between 1995 and 1997 they were also used in normal commercial service when there was a shortage of normal ETR. 500 trainsets.
The 3 motorcars of the prototype sets are stabled at different locations in Italy and have unfortunately been vandalised and graffitized. The middle cars of the 2 "ETR. 500-Y" sets are now part of the two RFI ETR. 500 test trains Y1 and Y2.
First generation
| ETR. 500 (mono-current) | |
|---|---|
 ETR. 500 mono-current powercar at Roma Termini. | |
| In service | 1992-2007 |
| Manufacturer | Trevi (consortium of Alstom, Bombardier, AnsaldoBreda) |
| Refurbishment | 2006-2008, transformation into E. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 414 |
| Number built | 30 trainsets |
| Formation | 11-car trainset |
| Capacity | 187 (1st class) 469 (2nd class) |
| Operator | FS/Trenitalia |
| Specifications | |
| Car length | 327. 6 m (trainset) |
| Maximum speed | 300 km/h |
| Weight | 598 t |
| Power output | 8800kW |
| Gauge | 1,435 mm |
| Voltage | 3000 V DC |
| Safety systems | RS4 |
After the success of the 2 prototypes, FS decided to order 30 mono-current trainsets. This article is about the tonne or metric ton For other tons see Ton. Rail gauge is the distance between the inner sides of the two parallel rails that make up a railway track. The standard gauge (also named the Stephenson gauge after George Stephenson, or Normal gauge) is a widely-used Rail gauge. Direct current ( DC) is the unidirectional flow of Electric charge. RS4 Codici is a Train protection system used in Italy. The term is an abbreviation of Ripetizione Segnali a 4 codici ( signal repetition system with Delivered between 1992 and 1996 and styled by design company Pininfarina, they consist of 2 motorcars (numbered E. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) See also Battista Farina, founder of the company his son Sergio Pininfarina and grandson Andrea Pininfarina. 404 100 to 159), four 1st class cars, a restaurant car, and six 2nd class cars. Although suited for driving 300 km/h, they were limited to 250 km/h on the Direttissima as the current drawn from the catenary at 300 km/h would be too high. This was also the reason why a second generation, dual-voltage trains was ordered.
Major routes of this train were Chiusi-Milan, Florence-Naples, Milan-Rome Termini, Milan-Naples, Bologna-Rome Termini, Milan-Salerno, Milan-Venice, Venice-Rome Termini. For the city in the Province of Arezzo, see Chiusi della Verna Chiusi ( Latin: Clusium; Etruscan: Clevsin Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Salerno is a town in southern Italy, capital of the province of the same name in the region of Campania. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2
Between 2006 and 2008, all motorcars of the first generation trains are being refurbished and transformed into locomotives of the type E. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common 414, and will haul EuroStarCity trains on selected routes. These trains consist of two E. 414 locomotives and 10 former Intercity UIC-Z coaches. Although the coaches are "normal" Intercity coaches, they will mostly remain in semi-permanent coupled formation with the two E. 414 locomotives.
The middle cars of the first generation trains will be coupled to new E. 404. 6 dual-voltage motorcars.
Second generation
See also
- Treno Alta Velocità
- ElettroTreno
- Trenitalia
- Rete Ferroviaria Italiana
- Pendolino
- New Pendolino
- Eurostar Italia
- High-speed rail in Turkey
References
- Der italienische Hochgeschwindigkeitszug ETR 500 (1. Treno Alta Velocità SpA is Special purpose entity owned by RFI (itself owned by Ferrovie dello Stato) for the planning and construction of a high-speed ETR (Italian Elettro Treno Rapido, "Rapid Electric Train" is a series of Italian high-speed trains. Trenitalia is the primary operator of trains within Italy. Trenitalia is owned by Ferrovie dello Stato, itself owned by the Italian Government. Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI is an Italian company fully owned by Ferrovie dello Stato. Pendolino (from Italian Pendolo "Pendulum" and -ino, a diminutive suffix is an Italian family of Tilting trains used in The New Pendolino is a class of high-speed trains built by Alstom Ferroviaria for Trenitalia and Cisalpino, known as the ETR 600 and ETR Eurostar Italia is a network of Italian inter-city trains operated by Trenitalia (a major Italian railway company The Turkish State Railways started building High-speed rail lines in 2003 Auslieferung). Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge.com (German)
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