Citizendia

For other uses, see Driving (disambiguation).
Driving around traffic congestion instead of traveling through it.
Driving around traffic congestion instead of traveling through it.

Driving is the controlled operation of a land vehicle, usually a motor vehicle such as a truck or a car. Vehicles, derived from the Latin word vehiculum, are non-living Means of transport. A motor Vehicle is a Machine which incorporates a motor (sometimes known as an Engine) and which is used for Transportation This article is about the semi-truck For the North American use of the word see Pickup truck. Although direct operation of a bicycle, a mounted animal (not including chariot operation) or a motorcycle (at least in the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada) is commonly called riding, such operators are usually legally considered to be drivers and are required to obey those rules of the road which apply to all drivers. The bicycle, cycle, or bike is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind The chariot is the earliest and simplest type of Carriage, used in both peace and war as the chief vehicle of many ancient peoples MotorCycle is the title of a 1993 album by Rock band Daniel Amos, released on BAI Records. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Traffic on Roads may consist of Pedestrians ridden or herded Animals Vehicles Streetcars and other Conveyances either singly

Contents

Driving skills

Driving in traffic is more than just knowing how to operate the mechanisms which control the vehicle; it requires knowing how to apply the rules of the road (which govern safe and efficient sharing with other users). Traffic on Roads may consist of Pedestrians ridden or herded Animals Vehicles Streetcars and other Conveyances either singly An effective driver also has an intuitive understanding of the basics of vehicle handling. Car handling and vehicle handling is a description of the way wheeled vehicles perform transverse to their direction of motion particularly during cornering and swerving

Driving as a physical skill

Hinomaru Driving School, Japan
Hinomaru Driving School, Japan

In terms of the basic physical tasks required, a driver must be able to control direction, acceleration, and deceleration. For motor vehicles, the detailed tasks include: [1]

Driving as a mental skill

Drifting at the Nürburgring Driving Safety Center
Drifting at the Nürburgring Driving Safety Center

Driver error is an important factor in driving accidents, a primary factor in the deaths of over a million people every year. An automobile self-starter (commonly "starter motor" or simply "starter" is an Electric motor that initiates rotational motion in a car's Internal An Automobile may have two to four foot pedal s The arrangement is the same for both Right- and left-hand traffic. A manual transmission (also known as a stick shift or just 'stick' 'straight drive' or standard transmission) is a type of transmission used in A clutch is a mechanism for transmitting rotation which can be engaged and disengaged Steering is the term applied to the collection of components linkages etc A steering wheel (also called a driving wheel or hand wheel) is a type of steering Control in Vehicles and vessels ( Ships and Boats A windscreen wiper ( windshield wiper in North America) is a device used to wipe Rain and dirt from a Windscreen. refers to a driving technique and to a motor sport where the driver intentionally skids the rear tires through turns preserving vehicle control and a high exit speed The Nürburgring, known as simply " The Ring " by enthusiasts is a Motorsport Race track in Nürburg, Germany. Avoiding such error involves more than just following the rules of the road literally; defensive driving also involves the cultivation of good habits, maintaining attention and a thoughtful, cooperative attitude. Safe driving is a form of training for motor vehicle drivers that goes beyond mastery of the rules of the road and the basic mechanics of Driving.

Avoiding or successfully handling an emergency driving situation can involve the following skills: [2]

Distractions can compromise a driver's mental skills. Steering is the term applied to the collection of components linkages etc A brake is a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a Machine or Vehicle, or alternatively a device to restrain it from starting to move again Vehicle dynamics refers to the dynamics of Vehicles here assumed to be ground vehicles One study on the subject of mobile phones and driving safety concluded that, after controlling for driving difficulty and time on task, drivers talking on a phone exhibited greater impairment than drivers who were suffering from alcohol intoxication. Mobile phone use while driving is common but controversial Being distracted while operating a motor vehicle has been shown to increase the risk of accident [3]

Another survey indicated that music could affect a driver's concentration. [4]

Driving laws

Almost every jurisdiction has rules of the road, driver licensing and vehicle registration that apply when driving heavy motor vehicles on public roads. In Law, jurisdiction (from the Latin ius iuris meaning "law" and dicere meaning "to speak" is the practical Authority A driver's license, driver license, driver licence, or driving licence is an official document which states that a person may operate a A vehicle registration plate is a metal or plastic plate attached to a Motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes A motor Vehicle is a Machine which incorporates a motor (sometimes known as an Engine) and which is used for Transportation A public road or Highway is a Road that is open to common use by the general population Some also have criminal law for negligent operation, vehicle safety inspections and compulsory insurance. Vehicular Homicide ( or sometimes known as Vehicular Manslaughter) in most states in the United States is a crime Vehicle inspection is a procedure mandated by national or subnational governments in many countries in which a vehicle is inspected to ensure that it conforms to regulations governing Vehicle insurance (also known as auto insurance, car insurance, or motor insurance) is Insurance purchased for cars, Trucks The high degree of responsibility imposed by these laws is based on the extraordinary danger of driving heavy motor vehicles.

Motorists are almost universally required to take lessons with an approved instructor and pass a driving test before being granted a license. A driving test (also known as a driving exam) is a procedure designed to test a person's ability to drive a Motor vehicle. The trend has been towards increasingly tougher tests in recent decades. Almost all countries allow all adults with good vision to apply to take a driving test and, if successful, to drive on public roads. Saudi Arabia, however, bans women from driving vehicles (whether pedal or motor powered) on public roads. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Saudi women have periodically staged driving protests against these restrictions.

Driver's license
Driver's license

In many countries, even after passing one's driving test, new motorists may be initially subject to special restrictions. For example, in Australia, novice drivers are required to carry "P" ("provisional") plates, and are subject to lower speed limits, alcohol limits, and other restrictions for their first two years of driving. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. This varies between states.

See also

References

  1. ^ Getting moving. A back seat driver is a passenger in a Vehicle who is not in control of the vehicle and appears to be uncomfortable with the skills of the current driver and/or feels A chauffeur is an individual who operates any self-propelled vehicle ( Automobile) for a profession. Clutch control refers to the act of controlling the speed of a vehicle with a Manual transmission by partially engaging the clutch plate using the clutch pedal instead of (or Safe driving is a form of training for motor vehicle drivers that goes beyond mastery of the rules of the road and the basic mechanics of Driving. refers to a driving technique and to a motor sport where the driver intentionally skids the rear tires through turns preserving vehicle control and a high exit speed A driver's license, driver license, driver licence, or driving licence is an official document which states that a person may operate a The driverless car concept embraces an emerging family of highly automated cognitive and control technologies ultimately aimed at a full "taxi-like" experience for car users Driving pleasure is a feeling of Enjoyment derived from operating a Motor vehicle. Driving under the influence of alcohol ( driving while intoxicated, drunk driving, drinking and driving, drink-driving) or other drugs Global warming is the increase in the average measured temperature of the Graduated driver licensing systems are designed to provide new drivers of Motor vehicles with driving experience and skills gradually over time in low-risk environments Greenhouse gases are gaseous constituents of the atmosphere bothnatural and anthropogenic that absorb and emit radiation at specific wavelengths within the spectrum of thermal infrared Heel-and-toe is a driving technique used mostly in performance driving although some drivers use it on the road in everyday conditions in the interests of effectiveness The Highway Code is the official road safety manual for Great Britain. A highway patrol is either a Police agency created primarily for the purpose of overseeing and enforcing Traffic safety Compliance on roads and highways The Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM is a charity based in the United Kingdom (but also serving Ireland) whose objective is to improve car driving Mobile phone use while driving is common but controversial Being distracted while operating a motor vehicle has been shown to increase the risk of accident A railroad engineer, railway engineer, locomotive engineer, train operator, train driver or engine driver is a person who operates Road racing can be a term involving Road running, road bicycle races, or Automobile races Road rage is the behavior by a driver of an automobile or other motor vehicle which thus causes collisions or incidents on roadways Sleep deprived driving is the operation of a motor vehicle while being cognitively impaired by a lack of Sleep. Right-hand traffic and left-hand traffic mean regulations requiring all traffic to keep either to the left or the right side of the Road. Most countries post signage known as traffic signs or road signs, at the side of Roads to Vehicle dynamics refers to the dynamics of Vehicles here assumed to be ground vehicles Driving Test Advice.
  2. ^ Think driving is all about practical skills?. Easy to Drive.
  3. ^ Strayer, David; Drews, Frank & Crouch, Dennis (2003), FATAL DISTRACTION? A COMPARISON OF THE CELL-PHONE DRIVER AND THE DRUNK DRIVER, University of Utah Department of Psychology, <http://www.psych.utah.edu/AppliedCognitionLab/DrivingAssessment2003.pdf> 
  4. ^ Hard-Rock and Classic Music Could Lead to Road Accidents, New Survey Says

External links

Dictionary

driving

-verb

  1. Present participle of drive.

-adjective

  1. That drives (a mechanism or process).
  2. (of wind, rain, etc): That drives forcefully; strong; forceful; violent

-noun

  1. The action of the verb to drive in any sense.
  2. In particular, the action of operating a motor vehicle.
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