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German districts (Kreise) are administrative units used in Germany and the former state of Prussia. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Politics of Germany takes place in a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic Republic, whereby the Federal Chancellor The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland is the Constitution of Germany. Based on the experience with the atrocities of the Nazi regime, human rights in Germany are protected extensively by the constitution The Federal Assembly (aka Federal Convention Bundesversammlung is a special body in the institutional system of Germany, convened solely for the purpose of electing The Bundesrat ("federal council" or "upper house of German parliament" is the representation of the 16 Federal States ( Bundesländer) of The Bundestag ("Federal Diet " or "Lower House of German Parliament" is the Parliament of Germany. The Federal Constitutional Court (in German: Bundesverfassungsgericht BVerfG) is a special Court established by the Basic Law for the Federal Republic The “ Federal Court of Justice of Germany ” ( German: “ Bundesgerichtshof ” or “ BGH ” is the highest court in the system of ordinary jurisdiction The President of Germany (deutscher Bundespräsident is Germany 's Head of state. Horst Köhler ( born 22 February 1943) is a German politician ( CDU) and economist who serves as the current President of Germany. The Head of government of Germany is called Chancellor (Kanzler (ˈaŋɡela doʁoˈteːa ˈmɛɐ̯kəl (born Angela Dorothea Kasner, 17 July 1954 in Hamburg, West Germany) is the Chancellor of Germany. The Cabinet of Germany ( German: Bundeskabinett or Bundesregierung) is the chief executive body of the Federal Republic of Germany Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular The following information deals with elections in Germany, including elections to the Federal Diet (the lower house of the federal parliament the Landtags This is a list of political parties in Germany. Germany has a Multi-party system with two large parties three substantial smaller parties and a number of minor The Federal Republic of Germany is a Central European country and member of the European Union, Group of 8 and NATO (among others The European Union is a unique entity possessing elements of Intergovernmentalism, Supranationalism and a Multi-party Parliamentary democracy Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state The districts are at an intermediate level of administration between the Länder (German states) and the local / municipal levels (Gemeinden). Districts are a type of Administrative division, in some countries managed by a Local government. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular They are not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk. A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Their equivalent in other nations is the county or arrondissement. A county is a Land area of Regional Government within a larger State. An arrondissement is an Administrative division in some French or Dutch -speaking countries
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Types of districts
The majority of the districts are rural districts (Landkreise) of which there are 313. Germany is divided into 413 administrative districts; these consist of 301 rural districts ( Landkreise) listed fully here and 112 urban districts ( Cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants (and smaller towns in some states) do not usually belong to a district, but take over district responsibilities themselves, similar to the concept of independent cities. An independent city is a City that does not form part of another general-purpose Local government entity These are known as urban districts (Kreisfreie Städte / Stadtkreise)—cities which constitute a district in their own right—and there are currently (2007) 116 of them, bringing the total number of districts to 429. This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist
In North Rhine-Westphalia, there are some cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants which are not urban districts, for example Iserlohn, Recklinghausen, Siegen, Paderborn, Bergisch Gladbach, Witten and Neuss. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the Iserlohn (iːzɐˈloːn is a city in the Märkischer Kreis district in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neuss (ˈnɔʏs is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. These cities, however, take over many district responsibilities themselves although belonging to a district. As an exception, the former rural and urban districts of Hanover in Lower Saxony were united in 2001 to form the new Region Hannover with about 1,000,000 inhabitants. Hanover (i ( haˈnoːfɐ on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony ( Niedersachsen Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second Hanover (officially in German Region Hannover) is a district (county in Lower Saxony, Germany.
Responsibilities
The districts are responsible for the following:
- according to federal and regional laws:
- the building and upkeep of B roads
- other building plans which cover more than one local authority's area
- caring for national parks
- social welfare
- youth welfare
- the building and upkeep of hospitals
- the building and upkeep of state institutes of secondary education
- household waste collection and disposal
- car registration
- electing the Landrat or Landrätin, the chairperson of the district
- according to local laws: (differ in each region)
- financial support for culture
- the building of pedestrian zones and bicycle lanes
- financial support for school exchanges
- the building and upkeep of public libraries
- revitalisation of the economy
- encouraging tourism
- the management of Volkshochschulen (state run adult education colleges)
All these tasks are carried out by local (municipal) authorities operating together. German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered Segregated cycle facilities are Roads tracks paths or marked lanes designated for use by Cyclists from which motorised traffic is generally excluded Urban districts have these responsibilities and also those of the municipalities.
District council
The district council, the Kreistag, is the legislative body of the district and is responsible for local self-administration. The parliament is elected directly every five years, except in Bavaria where it is elected every six years. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12
District administration
The executive authority is an officer known as Landrat or Landrätin, who administers the district. In parts of northern Germany, this is also the name of the district administration, in southern Germany it is known as Kreisverwaltung.
See also
- Germany
- States of Germany
- List of German urban districts
- List of rural districts of Germany
- List of administrative divisions of Germany
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