Richard Andrew "Dick" Gephardt
22nd Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives
In office June 6, 1989 – January 3, 1995
Deputy	William H. Gray (1989-1991) David Bonior (1991-1995) (whips)
Preceded by	Tom Foley
Succeeded by	Dick Armey
Constituency	Missouri's 3rd congressional district
19th Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives
In office January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2003
Deputy	David Bonior (1995-2002) Nancy Pelosi (2002-2003) (whips)
Preceded by	Robert H. Michel
Succeeded by	Nancy Pelosi
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Missouri's 3rd district
In office January 3, 1978 – January 3, 2005
Preceded by	Leonor K. Sullivan
Succeeded by	Russ Carnahan
Born	January 31, 1941 (1941-01-31) (age 67) St. Louis, Missouri
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	Jane Gephardt
Profession	Lawyer, Businessman

Richard Andrew "Dick" Gephardt (born January 31, 1941) is senior counsel at the global law firm DLA Piper, an active consultant for Goldman Sachs, and a former prominent American politician of the Democratic Party. Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. David Edward Bonior (born June 6, 1945) is an American politician from the U Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Thomas Stephen Foley (born March 26, 1929 in Spokane Washington) is an American politician of the Democratic Party Richard Keith "Dick" Armey (born July 7, 1940 in) is a former U Missouri 's third congressional district is in the eastern portion of the state Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. David Edward Bonior (born June 6, 1945) is an American politician from the U Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Robert Henry "Bob" Michel (born March 2 1923 in Peoria Illinois) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Missouri 's third congressional district is in the eastern portion of the state Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Leonor Kretzer Sullivan (born August 21, 1902 in St Louis Missouri - died September 1, 1988 in St John Russell "Russ" Carnahan (born July 10, 1958) is an American politician and a member of the Democratic party from the state Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person A businessperson (also businessman or businesswoman) is someone who is employed at usually a profit-oriented enterprise, or more specifically someone Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. DLA Piper is one of the largest law firms in the world and it is the only firm with more than 1500 lawyers on each side of the Atlantic The Goldman Sachs Group Inc, or simply Goldman Sachs ( is a large global Bank holding company that engages in Investment banking securities The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Gephardt served as a U.S. Representative from Missouri from January 3, 1977, until January 3, 2005, and Minority Leader of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1995 to 2003. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. Previously, from 1989 to 1995 he was Majority Leader. Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. He also ran twice for Democratic nomination for President of the United States (in 1988 and 2004), but these attempts were unsuccessful (in 1988 he lost to Michael Dukakis, and in 2004 to John Kerry). The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Michael Stanley Dukakis (born November 3, 1933) is an American Democratic politician former Governor of Massachusetts, and was the Democratic } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator He was also mentioned as a possible Vice Presidential nominee in 1988, 1992, 2000 and 2004, and is a possible nominee in 2008.

Early life

Gephardt was born into a working-class family in St. Louis, Missouri to Louis Andrew Gephardt, a Teamster milkman, and Loreen Estelle Cassell; part of his ancestry is German. TemplateInfobox Union for usage-->The International Brotherhood of Teamsters ( IBT) formerly known by the ^[1] He graduated from the former Southwest High School in 1958. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Gephardt is an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America. Eagle Scout is the highest rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA The Distinguished Eagle Scout Award (DESA is a distinguished service award of the Boy Scouts of America. The Boy Scouts of America ( BSA) is the largest youth organization in the United States with over five million He earned his B.S. at Northwestern University in 1962 where he was a member of Beta Theta Pi and earned his J.D. at the University of Michigan Law School in 1965. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional The University of Michigan Law School ( Michigan Law) is the Law school of the University of Michigan, in Ann Arbor.

In 1965, he was admitted to the Missouri bar. A bar association is a Professional body of Lawyers Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their Jurisdiction He then entered the Missouri Air National Guard, where he served until 1971. The Missouri Air National Guard is composed of the 131st Bomb Wing, 139th Airlift Wing, 157th Air Operations Group, and the Headquarters Missouri Air National

He and his wife Jane have three grown children, Matt, Katie, and Chrissy. Chrissy Gephardt is the daughter of 2004 American presidential candidate and Missouri representative Dick Gephardt. His brother, Donald L. Gephardt, is the Dean of The College of Fine and Performing Arts at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey. Rowan University is a public university located in Glassboro New Jersey comprising 49 buildings Glassboro is a Borough in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States.

Political career

He was Democratic committeeman for the 14th ward in St. Louis between 1968 and 1971, moving up to 14th ward alderman 1971–1976, as part of a group of young aldermen known informally as "The Young Turks. An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions The Young Turks ( Turkish: Jön Türkler (plural from French: Jeunes Turcs) were a coalition of various groups favoring reforming the " In 1976, he was elected to Congress from the St. Louis-based 2nd District, succeeding 24-year incumbent Leonor Sullivan. Leonor Kretzer Sullivan (born August 21, 1902 in St Louis Missouri - died September 1, 1988 in St He was elected 13 more times, opting not to run for reelection in 2004. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

Gephardt was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 1988 presidential election. -->The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties Gephardt ran hard and early in 1987/88 and finally started moving ahead in Iowa after running an the "Hyundai ad" that criticized what he thought were unfair trade barriers by Korea and Japan. The State of Iowa ( is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. Gephardt won the Iowa caucuses and South Dakota primary in February, but ran out of money and dropped out after losing badly in the March "Super Tuesday" primaries, when he won only the Missouri primary. The Iowa caucuses are an electoral event in which residents of the U South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. In the United States Super Tuesday, in general refers to the Tuesday in February or March of a presidential election year when the greatest number of states hold An ad aired by the campaign of Governor Michael Dukakis focussed on Gephardt's "flip-flopping" voting record, and showed a Gephardt look-alike doing forward and backward flips for the camera. Michael Stanley Dukakis (born November 3, 1933) is an American Democratic politician former Governor of Massachusetts, and was the Democratic Many felt that the ad killed any chance Gephardt had of winning the nomination. He dropped out after winning only 13% in the Michigan caucus, despite support from the United Auto Workers. Dukakis did consider picking Gephardt to be his running mate, but he instead chose Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr ( February 11 1921 – May 23 2006) was a four-term United States senator (1971 until 1993 from Texas

Nonetheless, in part due to the visibility gained from his presidential bid, Gephardt was named House Majority Leader in 1989. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) He became the second-ranking Democrat in the House, behind then-Speaker Tom Foley. The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is the presiding officer&mdashor speaker &mdashof the United States House of Representatives. Thomas Stephen Foley (born March 26, 1929 in Spokane Washington) is an American politician of the Democratic Party After Foley was unseated in the Republican landslide of 1994, Gephardt became the leader of the House Democrats as House Minority Leader (by tradition, the Speaker is usually reckoned as leader of his party in the House). Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) He was the Democratic candidate for Speaker in 1994, 1996, 1998 and 2000. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

Gephardt again found himself under consideration when Vice President Al Gore named Gephardt to his short list of possible vice presidential candidates in 2000. Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former The other names listed on the short list were Indiana Senator Evan Bayh, then-North Carolina Senator John Edwards, Massachusetts Senator John Kerry, Connecticut Senator Joe Lieberman, and New Hampshire Governor Jeanne Shaheen. Johnny Reid "John" Edwards (born June 10 1953 } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24 1942 is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. Jeanne Shaheen (born January 28, 1947) is an American politician [4] Gore eventually selected Lieberman.

Gephardt was Democratic leader in the House from 1989 to 2003, serving as majority leader from 1989 to 1995 (101st through 103rd Congresses) and minority leader from 1995 to 2003 (104th through 107th Congresses). Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door (private Caucus. He was considered a keen politician who worked hard at passing legislation as well as raising money for Democratic House candidates. Although Gephardt worked hard for many of President Bill Clinton's programs, he and his union supporters strongly opposed NAFTA and other "free trade" programs. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States

2004 campaign for President

After the Democrats lost seats in the 2002 midterm Congressional election, he did not run for re-election as House Minority Leader. He announced his second run for President on January 5, 2003. The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. His successor as Minority Leader, Nancy Pelosi, endorsed his bid for president. Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi (born March 26 1940 is the current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. Gephardt was seen by many as too old fashioned and unelectable, with his fundraising efforts behind that of former Vermont Governor Howard Dean and Senators John Kerry, John Edwards, and tied with Joe Lieberman. Howard Brush Dean III, (born November 17 1948 is an American } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator Johnny Reid "John" Edwards (born June 10 1953 Joseph Isadore "Joe" Lieberman (born February 24 1942 is the junior United States Senator from Connecticut. Furthermore, Gephardt's support of the Iraq War resolution hurt him among liberal activists. The Iraq War, also known as the Second Gulf War, the Occupation of Iraq, or the War in Iraq, is an ongoing Military campaign Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society Gephardt promoted a form of universal health care, and was supported by a dozen labor unions, but did not have enough support to receive the endorsement of the AFL-CIO. Universal health care is health care coverage which is extended to all eligible residents of a governmental region American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, commonly AFL-CIO, is a National trade union center, the largest federation of

Although Gephardt was ahead in the Iowa caucus throughout early 2003, Vermont Governor Howard Dean pulled ahead in the polls by August, his campaign fueled by anti-war activists. In the United States, the 2004 Iowa Democratic caucuses (held January 19) were the first major test of some of the leading contenders for the Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Howard Brush Dean III, (born November 17 1948 is an American The Gephardt campaign was embarrassed by an early August St Louis Post-Dispatch article that revealed that 11 of 33 "Gephardt team leaders" listed on his Iowa campaign's web site were actually supporting other candidates or neutral. The St Louis Post-Dispatch is the only major city-wide Newspaper in St The race between Gephardt and Dean became negative, and took an ugly turn in October when a Gephardt staffer reportedley pushed a Dean staffer out of a meeting while calling him a "faggot". Faggot or fag, in modern North American and Australian English is a word and generally a Pejorative slur term for a gay or Dean chairman Joe Trippi (who had previously worked for Gephardt in 1988) and Gephardt chairman Steve Murphy became involved in a war of words over that incident. Joe Trippi (b June 10 1956 is a long-time American Democratic campaign worker and consultant In the final days of the campaign, both Dean and Gephardt faded and finished third and fourth, respectively.

Although he dropped out of the Presidential race, Gephardt was mentioned as a possible running mate for John Kerry. } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator On March 7, 2004, New Mexico Governor Bill Richardson, seen as a strong possibility for the position himself, endorsed Gephardt for the Vice Presidency. Events 161 - Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius dies and is succeeded by co-Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is the current Governor of New Mexico and was a candidate for the 2008 "I think he's the best candidate," Richardson said of Gephardt in an interview with the Associated Press. The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio "There's a good regional balance with Kerry and Gephardt. " Nevertheless, Kerry announced that he had chosen John Edwards as his running mate on July 6, 2004. Johnny Reid "John" Edwards (born June 10 1953 Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Interestingly, on that same day, the New York Post published an incorrect headline stating that Gephardt had become Kerry's running mate. The New York Post is the 13th-oldest Newspaper published in the United States and generally acknowledged as the oldest to have been published continually Shortly after this false story broke, the headline was compared to the 1948 "Dewey defeats Truman" front page of the Chicago Tribune, which incorrectly reported the presidential election results of that year. Dewey Defeats Truman was a famously incorrect banner headline on the front page of the first edition of the Chicago Tribune on November 3, 1948 The Chicago Tribune is a major daily Newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, and owned by the Tribune Company In 2007, it was revealed in the book No Excuses: Concessions of a Serial Campaigner by Bob Shrum, who served as Kerry's campaign adviser in the 2004 US presidential election, that Kerry wanted to choose Gephardt as his nominee for Vice President but was convinced by Shrum and others to choose Edwards. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Robert M "Bob" Shrum (born 1943) is an American political consultant, who has worked on numerous Democratic campaigns The United States presidential election of 2004 was held on Tuesday November 2, 2004, to elect the President of the United States.

Political views

Since his election to the U. S. House in 1976, Gephardt's political views gradually moved to the left. Originally, Gephardt was strongly anti-abortion and was viewed as a social conservative. An Social conservatism is a political or moral ideology that affirms the government's role in encouraging or enforcing traditional values or behaviors in the belief that these are what He was initially extremely critical of the Supreme Court's landmark Roe vs. Wade ruling that legalized abortion. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. Roe v Wade, 410 US 113 (1973 is a controversial United States Supreme Court case that resulted in a Landmark decision regarding He wrote on the subject in 1984:

"Life is the division of human cells, a process that begins with conception. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all known living Organisms It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as living and is often called Controversy over the beginning of pregnancy usually occurs in the context of the Abortion debate The (Supreme Court's abortion) ruling was unjust, and it is incumbent on the Congress to correct the injustice. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. . . I have always been supportive of pro-life legislation. I intend to remain steadfast on this issue. . . . I believe that the life of the unborn should be protected at all costs. "

In 1987, when Gephardt decided to run for president, he announced that he had discontinued his support for pro-life legislation. He informed the National Right to Life Committee; "I now do not support any Constitutional amendment pertaining to the legality of abortion. Right to life is a phrase that describes the belief that a Human being has an essential Right to live particularly that a human being has the right not to be "

Gephardt's views on economic policy have also changed over the years. He voted for Ronald Reagan's tax cuts in 1981; in the 2000s, however, he became a staunch opponent of similar tax cuts by President George W. Bush, saying that the enormous surplus created during the administration of Bill Clinton should have been spent on health care instead. A tax cut is a reduction in taxes. Economic stimulus via tax cuts along with interest rate intervention and deficit spending are one of the central tenets of Keynesian economics George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing Gephardt is widely viewed as an economic populist. He supports universal health coverage, fair trade, and progressive taxation. Fair trade is an organized Social movement and market-based approach to empowering developing country producers and promoting sustainability A progressive tax is a Tax imposed so that the Tax rate increases as the amount subject to taxation increases Although he once chaired the centrist Democratic Leadership Council, Gephardt in his later years in Congress distanced himself from the organization, finding his pro-labor views at odds with the DLC's pro-business positions. In Politics, centrism usually refers to the political ideal of promoting Moderate policies which land in the middle ground between different political extremes

On October 10, 2002, Dick Gephardt was among the 81 House Democrats who voted in favor of authorizing the invasion of Iraq. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia However, three years later Gephardt would rebuke his previous support for the war, saying "It was a mistake . . . I was wrong. "^[2]

Retirement

On January 3, 2005, Gephardt's three-decade political career ended with the expiration of his fourteenth term in the House of Representatives. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Hill reported that Gephardt was close to signing a contract to work for investment banking firm Goldman Sachs. Investment banks profit from companies and governments by raising money through issuing and selling Securities in the Capital markets (both equity and The Goldman Sachs Group Inc, or simply Goldman Sachs ( is a large global Bank holding company that engages in Investment banking securities ^[3] Gephardt joined the international law firm of DLA Piper Rudnick Gray Cary LLP as Senior Counsel in June 2005. DLA Piper is one of the largest law firms in the world and it is the only firm with more than 1500 lawyers on each side of the Atlantic ^[4]

In his new capacity as Washington lobbyist, Gephardt, on behalf of the Republic of Turkey, has been actively lobbying against the House resolution regarding the events of 1915 in the Ottoman Empire. Gephardt has been targeted by the Armenian lobby for opposing the resolution that they have spent millions of dollars over the years to promote. He was a supporter of the Armenian resolution while in Congress, and has since been arguing that facts need to better known before any position is taken over this historical controversy. ^[5]

Gephardt joined the EMBARQ Corporation Board of Directors in June 2007. ^[6]

On July 5, 2007, Gephardt endorsed Hillary Clinton's campaign for president, leading some to speculate that he is interested in running for vice president in 2008. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from New York junior Senator and former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton had expressed interest in the 2008 United States presidential DLA Piper has become a major donor to Clinton's campaign, donating about $190,000. DLA Piper is one of the largest law firms in the world and it is the only firm with more than 1500 lawyers on each side of the Atlantic ^[7]

A collection of Gephardt's congressional documents, ranging from 1944 to 2004, was processed from 2006 to 2007 by the Missouri Historical Society for academic use, with a grant through the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The Missouri Historical Society was founded in St Louis in 1866 The Institute of Museum and Library Services is an independent agency of the United States federal government ^[8] From 2008 on, it should be made available to the public.

Quotes

"I never felt it was inevitable that we had to go to war. " — on the invasion of Iraq. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia

"It’s a great day for our troops, for this administration, for the people of Iraq. My hope is that this will decrease the violence our troops will have to face. " — on the capture of Saddam Hussein. Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic: ar صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي --> April 28 1937 &ndash December 30

"I want to say a special thank you to every member of every labor union in this country who has stood by my side. A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming . . throughout my career. Your fight is my fight, and it will always be that way. " — conceding defeat after winning no delegates in the Iowa Democratic caucus of 2004.

"Politics is a substitute for violence. " — at the 2004 Missouri Democratic Convention

"This president is a miserable failure on foreign policy and on the economy and he's got to be replaced. Missouri ( or) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee Foreign Policy is a bimonthly American Magazine founded in 1970 by Samuel P " — in a presidential debate on September 4, 2003

Footnotes

External links

• Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Voting record maintained by The Washington Post
• Richard A. Gephardt Institute for Public Service at Washington University in St. Louis
• Gay Issues and Gephardt