Deïaneira ('stringer-together of spoil') or Deïanira (in Greek, Δηϊάνειρα or Δῃάνειρα 'man-destroyer'[1]) was the daughter of Althaea and Oeneus ('wine-man' and thus civilized), the king of Calydon, and the sister of Meleager. In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or A hydria is a type of Greek pottery used for carrying water The hydria has three handles The Louvre Museum (Musée du Louvre located in Paris is the world's most visited art museum a historic monument and a national museum of France The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c In Greek mythology, Althaea (also commonly spelled Althea, Greek Αλθαία, Althaía) was the daughter of Thestius In Greek mythology, Oeneus, or Oineus (Οἰνεύς was a Calydonian king son of Porthaon, husband of Althaea and father of Calydon ( Greek: Καλυδών was an ancient Greek city in Aetolia, situated on the west bank of the river Evenus. This article is about the mythological figure for other uses see Meleager (disambiguation. She also was said to have become the mother of Macaria (who saved the Athenians from defeat by Eurystheus) while she was the third wife of Heracles, and is best-known for her role in the late Classical story of the Tunic of Nessus. For the Geometer moth Genus, see Semiothisa In Greek mythology, Macaria In Greek mythology, Eurystheus was king of Tiryns, one of three Mycenaean strongholds in the Argolid: Sthenelus was his father In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or In the context of the art architecture and culture of Ancient Greece, the classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries The Shirt of Nessus, Tunic of Nessus, Nessus-robe, or Nessus' shirt in Greek mythology was the poisoned shirt that killed Hercules
One version of a late Classical tale, relates that she was of such striking beauty that both Hercules and Achelous wanted to marry her and there was a contest to win her hand at marriage. Evelyn De Morgan ( 30 August, 1855 – 2 May, 1919) was an English Pre-Raphaelite painter. Hercules is the Roman name for the Mythical Greek hero Heracles, son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmena. In Greek mythology, Achelous (English ækɨˈloʊəs Greek: (Achelōos was the patron deity of the "silver-swirling" Acheloos River, which Her father had already betrothed her to the fearsome river god Achelous, horned and bull-like. Deianira was not passive, however. "This Deianira drove a chariot and practiced the art of war", noted Apollodorus (Library and Epitome, book i, 8:1), but she wanted nothing to do with her suitor, who was able to take the form of a speckled serpent, a bull-headed man, or a bull. The chariot is the earliest and simplest type of Carriage, used in both peace and war as the chief vehicle of many ancient peoples Robert Graves interpreted the association with war as a relationship with the pre-Olympian war goddess, Athene, who was an orgiastic bride in many local sacred marriages to kings who may have been sacrificed. Heracles, the greatest hero of the dawning Classical Olympian world of deities and men, had to defeat the river god to win her as his bride.
In another version of her tale, Deianira is instead the daughter of Dexamenus, king of Olenus. Dexamenus was a name attributed to two characters in Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, Olenus (or Olenos) was the name of several individuals Olenus was the son of Hephaestus and father of Heracles violates her and promises to come back and marry her. While he is away, the centaur Eurytion appears, demanding her as his wife. In Greek mythology, the centaurs (from Ancient Greek: Κένταυροι - Kéntauroi are a race of creatures composed of part Human In Greek mythology Eurytion (or alternatively Eurythion) "widely-honoured" was a name attributed to six individuals Her father, being afraid, agrees. Heracles appears in the nick of time and slays the centaur, claiming his bride. [2]
The central story of Deianira, however, concerns the Tunic of Nessus. The Shirt of Nessus, Tunic of Nessus, Nessus-robe, or Nessus' shirt in Greek mythology was the poisoned shirt that killed Hercules A wild centaur named Nessus attempted to kidnap Deianira as he was ferrying her across the river Euenos, but she was rescued by Heracles, who shot the centaur with a poisoned arrow. In Greek mythology, Nessus (Νέσσος was a famous Centaur who was killed by Heracles, and whose tainted blood in turn killed Heracles For the Butterfly Genus, see Evenus (butterfly. The Evinos, Evenus, or Euenos (Εύηνος is As he lay dying, Nessus lied to Deianira, telling her that a mixture of olive oil with the semen that he had dropped on the ground and his heart's blood would ensure that Heracles would never again be unfaithful.
Deianira believed his words and kept a little of the potion by her. Heracles fathered illegitimate children all across Greece. Then Heracles fell in love with Iole (also called Omphal). In Greek mythology, Iole ( Ancient Greek:) was the daughter of Eurytus, king of Oechalia When she became uncertain if Heracles would remain true to her in his fashion, Deianira smeared some of the blood on Heracles' famous hide shirt. Heracles' servant, Lichas, brought him the shirt and he put it on. In Greek mythology, Lichas was Hercules ' servant He brought the poisoned shirt from Deianira to Hercules because of her jealousy of Iole The centaur's toxic blood burned Heracles terribly, and eventually, he threw himself into a funeral pyre. In despair, Deianira committed suicide by hanging herself or with a sword.
Deianera is the main character in the play Women of Trachis by Sophocles. The Trachiniae or The Women of Trachis ( Greek: Τραχίνιαι / Trachiniai) is a play by Sophocles, notable mainly for the Sophocles (ˈsɒfəkliːz Ancient Greek, sopʰoklɛ̂ːs circa
Deianera is also the name of a second character in Greek mythology, an Amazon killed by Heracles during his ninth labour, the quest for the girdle of Hippolyta. The Amazons (in Greek, grc Ἀμαζόνες are a nation of all-female warriors in Classical and Greek mythology, who were possibly historical In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or In Greek mythology, Hippolyta or Hippolyte (Ἱππολύτη is the Amazonian queen who possessed a magical Girdle she was given by her father [3]
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References
Primary sources
- Graves, Robert, The Greek Myths, 1955, 142. Robert Graves (24 July 1895 &ndash 7 December 1985 was an English Poet, Translator and Novelist. ff, 142. 2,3,5
- Ovid, Heroides ix
- Ovid, Metamorphoses ix. 101-238
Secondary sources
- Harry Thurston Peck, Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, 1898
Notes
- ^ P. Walcot, "Greek Attitudes towards Women: The Mythological Evidence" Greece and Rome, 2nd Series, 31:1:43 (April 1984); at JSTOR
- ^ Hyginus, Fabulae, 31 [1]
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Library of History, 4. 16. 3 [2]
| Preceded by Omphale | Wives of Heracles | Succeeded by Hebe |
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