Citizendia

This article is about the musical genre. For the 1984 Possessed demo, see Death Metal (Possessed demo). Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Death Metal is the first demo released by Possessed in 1984 It is considered as one of the origins of the genre name " Death metal " For split album by groups Helloween, Hellhammer, Running Wild and Dark Avenger, see Death Metal (split album). Helloween is a German power / Speed metal band founded in the early 1980s by members of Iron Fist and Powerfool Hellhammer was an influential early 1980s Extreme metal band from Switzerland. Running Wild are a German heavy metal band formed in 1976 in Hamburg. Death Metal is a Split album by the bands Helloween, Hellhammer, Running Wild and Dark Avenger.
Death metal
Stylistic origins
Cultural origins
Early-Mid 1980s United States, Germany
Typical instruments
Mainstream popularityUnderground in mid 1980s, growth in late 1980s and early 1990s. Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal. It often employs fast tempos shrieked vocals highly distorted guitars played with Tremolo picking, Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells
Subgenres
Melodic death metal − Progressive/Technical death metal − Brutal death metal
Fusion genres
Blackened death metal − Deathcore − Death/doom − Deathgrind − Death 'n' Roll − Goregrind
Regional scenes
Florida − New York − Scandinavia − United Kingdom − Brazil − Japan
Other topics
Death growl − Extreme metal − Blast beat − Bands

Death metal is an extreme heavy metal subgenre. Melodic death metal (also referred to as melodeath) is a Subgenre of Death metal which combines the melody of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal Technical death metal (also called tech death for short or also can be known as Progressive death metal) is a term used to describe bands in the subgenre Death Brutal death metal is a musical genre focusing on pushing the envelope on heaviness speed advanced playing technique and aggressive delivery in the genre of Death metal. Blackened death metal (also called "death/black metal" or "black/death metal" depending on which style is dominant is a Fusion genre of Extreme metal Deathcore is an amalgamation of two musical styles Metalcore and Death metal. Death/doom (also known as deathdoom and doomdeath) is an extreme heavy metal subgenre Death 'n' roll is a term used to describe the sound of Death metal bands which incorporate rock elements to their music Goregrind, also known as gore grind, gore/grind or gore-grind is a musical genre influenced by Grindcore and Death metal. Florida 's ethnic diversity has led to a myriad of musical styles from Punk rock to salsa and heavy metal being popular in various parts of the state Scandinavian death metal concerns the Death metal bands of Scandinavian origin The Music of Brazil encompasses various regional Music styles influenced by African European and Amerindian forms The modern Japanese music scene includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern ranging from rock electro punk folk metal reggae salsa and tango cf Death rattle, a sound sometimes made by the dying A death growl, also known as death metal vocals, gutteral vocals Extreme metal is an Umbrella term, somewhat loosely defined for a number of related heavy metal subgenres that have developed since the 1980s A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal. This is a list of Death metal bands with articles on Wikipedia Extreme metal is an Umbrella term, somewhat loosely defined for a number of related heavy metal subgenres that have developed since the 1980s The genre is typically characterized by the use of heavily distorted guitars, harsh vocals that are low-pitched and/or growled, morbid lyrics, exceptionally fast-paced rhythms and melodies, frequent blast beats on drums, and complex song structures with multiple tempo changes. A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal.

Building off the speed and complexity of thrash metal, death metal came to true prominence by the mid 1980s. Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression [1] Bands like Slayer, Possessed[2] and pioneer death metal bands such as Death and Morbid Angel are considered prime influences in the genre. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. [3] In the late 1980s and early 1990s, death metal gained more media attention as popular record labels like Earache Records and Roadrunner Records began to sign death metal bands at a rapid rate. For the medical condition known as "earache" see Otalgia. Roadrunner Records (Roadrunner Music Group BV is a Record label that concentrates on heavy metal bands [4] Since then, death metal has diversified, spawning a rich variety of subgenres. [5][6]

Death metal has been met with considerable hostility from mainstream culture, mainly because of the socially unattractive themes, imagery and stage personae surrounding many bands. [7] It is typically seen as an underground form of music, in part because it does not appeal to mainstream tastes due to its aggressive nature and because the musicians often choose to remain obscure. Underground music refers to a variety of post-1960s rock pop or dance subgenres that developed a Cult following despite their lack of Mainstream appeal visibility

Contents

Characteristics

The genre is often identified by fast, highly distorted and downtuned guitars, combined with guitar playing techniques such as palm muting and tremolo picking. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles The palm mute is a playing technique for the Guitar or bass. This technique is known as Pizzicato by Classical guitar players (see Classical Tremolo picking or double picking describes the musical technique of picking on a Guitar or other String instrument in which a single note is The percussion is usually fast and dynamic. Blast beats, double bass and exceedingly fast drum patterns are frequently used to add to the ferocity of the genre. A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal. A bass drum is a large Drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. [8] The vocals are often guttural roars, grunts, snarls, and low gurgles colloquially called death grunts or death growls. cf Death rattle, a sound sometimes made by the dying A death growl, also known as death metal vocals, gutteral vocals This vocal style is sometimes referred to in tongue-in-cheek as Cookie Monster vocals because of the similarity with the popular Sesame Street character of the same name. Cookie Monster is a fictional Muppet character on the children's television show Sesame Street. Sesame Street is an American educational Children's television series and a pioneer of the contemporary educational television standard combining [9][10]

Death metal is known for its abrupt tempo, key, and time signature changes, as well as extremely fast and complex guitar and drumwork. 2266-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl or TEMPO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH23(CMe22NO In Music theory, the term key is used in many different and sometimes contradictory ways The time signature (also known as " meter signature" is a notational convention used in Western Musical notation to specify how many beats The drum is a member of the percussion group technically classified as a Membranophone. [11][12] Death metal may include chromatic chord progressions and a varied song structure, rarely employing the standard verse-chorus arrangement. Verse-chorus form is a Musical form common in Popular music and predominant in rock since the 1960s These compositions tend to emphasize an ongoing development of themes and motifs. [13] The setup most frequently used in death metal is two guitars, a bass guitar, a vocalist and a drum kit almost universally using two bass drums or a double bass drum pedal. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells A bass drum is a large Drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. A bass drum is a large Drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. Although this is the standard setup, bands have been known to incorporate other instruments such as electronic keyboards. An electronic keyboard or digital keyboard is a type of Keyboard instrument.

Death metal's lyrical themes typically invoke Z-grade slasher and splatter movie violence,[14] but may also extend to contain themes of Satanism, criticism of religion, Occultism, mysticism, and/or social commentary. The term Z movie (or grade-Z movie) arose in the mid-1960s as an informal description of certain unequivocally non-A films The slasher film (sometimes referred to as bodycount films and dead teenager movies) is a Sub-genre For other uses of the word see Satanism (disambiguation. Satanism can refer to a number of belief systems depending on the user and context The word occult comes from the Latin word occultus (clandestine hidden secret referring to "knowledge of the hidden" Mysticism (from the Greek grc μυστικός mystikos, an initiate of a Mystery religion) is the pursuit of communion with identity Social commentary is the act of rebelling against a government by means of rhetorical propaganda [15][16] Although violence may be explored in various other genres as well, death metal elaborates on the details of extreme acts, including mutilation, dissection, torture, rape and necrophilia. Mutilation or maiming is an act or physical injury that degrades the appearance or function of the (human body usually without causing death Dissection (also called anatomization) is usually the process of disassembling and observing something to determine its internal structure and as an aid to discerning the function Rape, also referred to as Sexual assault, is an Assault by a person involving Sexual intercourse with or Sexual penetration of another person Necrophilia, also called thanatophilia and necrolagnia, is the sexual attraction to corpses Sociologist Keith Kahn-Harris (author of Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge) commented that this may be attributed to a "fascination" with the human body that all people share to some degree, a "primal desire", and that although the genre often glamorizes violence and obscurities, there is equally as much fear and disgust amid the exploration. Sociology (from Latin: socius "companion" and the suffix -ology "the study of" from Greek λόγος lógos "knowledge" [17] Heavy metal author Gavin Baddeley also stated that there does seem to be a connection between "how acquainted one is with their own mortality" and "how much they crave images of death and violence" via the media. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created Gavin Baddeley is an ordained Reverend in the Church of Satan, and an experienced Journalist who has worked for The Observer and Metal Hammer [18] Additionally, contributing artists to the genre often defend death metal as little more than an extreme form of art and entertainment, similar to horror films in the motion picture industry. Horror films are Movies that strive to elicit Fear, Horror and terror responses from viewers [19] Needless to say, this has brought such musicians under fire from activists internationally, who claim that fact is often lost on a large number of adolescents, who are left with the glamorization of such violence without social context or awareness of why such imagery is stimulating. [1]

According to Alex Webster, bassist of Cannibal Corpse, "The gory lyrics are probably not, as much as people say that's what would keep us from being mainstream, like "death metal would never go into the mainstream because the lyrics are too gory", I think it's really the music, because violent entertainment is totally mainstream". Cannibal Corpse is an American Death metal band founded in 1986 [20]

Origin of the term

There are multiple theories on how the term "death metal" originated. One theory is that the name originates from an early pioneer of the genre, Death. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death A Florida journalist explained to his readers that Death play their own kind of metal: "Death's Metal". Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death [21] Others contest that Death is not the origin, but that the harsh vocals and morbid lyrical content generally inspired the genre. [22] Another possible origin is a fanzine called "Death Metal", started by Thomas Fischer and Martin Ain of the band Hellhammer (later Celtic Frost). Thomas Gabriel Fischer (born July 19 1963 earlier known by his stage name of "Tom Gabriel Warrior" is a Swiss singer and guitarist Martin Eric Ain (born July 18 1967 is the left-handed bassist of Swiss Thrash metal band Celtic Frost. Hellhammer was an influential early 1980s Extreme metal band from Switzerland. Celtic Frost were an influential heavy metal band from Zürich, Switzerland. The name was later given to the 1984 compilation Death Metal released by Hellhammer's label Noise Records. Death Metal is a Split album by the bands Helloween, Hellhammer, Running Wild and Dark Avenger. Hellhammer was an influential early 1980s Extreme metal band from Switzerland. See also Noise Records (UK Noise Records is a German Record label founded by German Music industry personality Karl-Ulrich Walterbach [23][24] The term might also have originated from other recordings. Possessed's 1984 demo is called Death Metal, and a song with the same name is featured on their 1985 debut album Seven Churches. Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Death Metal is the first demo released by Possessed in 1984 It is considered as one of the origins of the genre name " Death metal " [25] A demo released by Death in 1983 is called Death by Metal. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Death by Metal is the first demo released by Death in 1983 The demo was originally released under Mantas in 1983 but was reissued on [26]

Early history (up to 1991)

The history of death metal begins in the early 1980s. A style emerged that was between death metal, black metal and thrash metal. Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal. It often employs fast tempos shrieked vocals highly distorted guitars played with Tremolo picking, Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression European bands like Venom, Bathory, and Hellhammer, and bands from the US like Possessed and Slayer formed the basis of this extreme heavy metal music style. Venom are an English Bathory was a Swedish heavy metal band formed by Quorthon in 1983 Hellhammer was an influential early 1980s Extreme metal band from Switzerland. Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in From these founding acts styles diversified into death and black metal. [27]

 Music sample:

"Death Metal"

Music sample of Possessed's "Death Metal" from the album Seven Churches (1985). Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Seven Churches is Possessed 's debut album released in 1985 The album had a massive impact on heavy metal in general but also in establishing death metal
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The British band Venom crystallized the elements of what later became known as thrash metal, death metal and black metal with their 1981 album Welcome to Hell. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Venom are an English Welcome to Hell is the 1981 debut album by the British heavy metal band Venom. [28] Their dark, blistering sound, harsh vocals and macabre, proudly satanic image proved a major inspiration for extreme metal bands. [29] Another highly influential band, Slayer, formed in 1981. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in Although the band is a thrash metal act, Slayer's music is more violent than thrash metal contemporaries Metallica, Megadeth or Exodus. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Megadeth is an American heavy metal band led by founder front man guitarist and songwriter Dave Mustaine. Exodus is an American Thrash metal band formed in 1980 in San Francisco, California by guitarist Gary Holt, current Metallica [30] Slayer is regarded as one of the most sinister thrash metal bands from the early 1980s[31] and are considered the ancestors of and directly responsible for the rise of death metal. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in [32][33] Their breakneck speed and instrumental prowess combined with lyrics about death, violence, war and Satanism won Slayer a rabid cult following. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in [34] According to All Music Guide, their third album, Reign in Blood, inspired the entire death metal genre[35] and had a big impact on the genre leaders: Death, Obituary and Morbid Angel. allmusic (previously All Music Guide) is a Metadata database about music owned by All Media Guide. Reign in Blood is the third Studio album and major label debut by the American Thrash metal band Slayer. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Obituary is one of the pioneering bands of the Death metal genre Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. [30]

Death's Chuck Schuldiner, "widely recognized as the father of death metal"
Death's Chuck Schuldiner, "widely recognized as the father of death metal"[36]

Possessed, a band that formed in 1983, was heavily influenced by early Slayer. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Charles Michael "Chuck" Schuldiner ( May 13 1967, Long Island, New York &ndash December 13 2001) was an Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in [37] Although Possessed's brand of metal resembled Slayer's fast and Satanic thrash metal they're often cited as the first death metal band. Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. [38][39][40] This is largely because of the grunted vocals which set the stage for death metal's breakaway from thrash metal. [37] The 1984 demo Death Metal and 1985 album Seven Churches are regarded as their most influential material. Not long after the dawn of Possessed, a second monumental death metal band was formed in Florida. Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The band Mantas, composed of Chuck Schuldiner, Kam Lee, and Rick Rozz released a demo entitled Death by Metal in 1983. Charles Michael "Chuck" Schuldiner ( May 13 1967, Long Island, New York &ndash December 13 2001) was an Kam Lee (born Barney Kamalani Lee) is an American Singer. He is best known for his vocal contributions to an early incarnation of Death Rick Rozz (born Frederick DeLillo January 9, 1967) is an American guitarist Death by Metal is the first demo released by Death in 1983 The demo was originally released under Mantas in 1983 but was reissued on In 1984, under their new name Death, more demos were released. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death The tapes circulated through the tape trader world, quickly establishing the band's name. With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Fast, dark minor-key riffs and fierce solos were complimented with fast drumming, creating a style that would catch on in tape trading circles. [41][42] Subsequently, Schuldiner has been "widely recognized as the father of death metal". [43]

Along with Possessed and Death there were other influential bands who introduced an early raw extreme metal style, guttural vocals and lyrics concerning death and/or Satanism. Possessed is an influential American Death metal band and was formed in 1983 in San Francisco, California. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death In 1984, Bathory released the influential early black metal album Bathory. Bathory was a Swedish heavy metal band formed by Quorthon in 1983 Bathory is the debut album of the Swedish Black metal band Bathory. [44] Hellhammer have released demos as early as 1982. Hellhammer was an influential early 1980s Extreme metal band from Switzerland. In 1984 they were featured on the split album Death Metal. Death Metal is a Split album by the bands Helloween, Hellhammer, Running Wild and Dark Avenger. [45]

As heavy bands like Slayer, Death and Possessed paved the road for death metal in America, heavy European and South American bands were creating a buzz in the metal underground. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a By the mid 1980s, German thrash metal bands like Kreator, Sodom and Destruction were becoming underground majors. Kreator are a German Thrash metal band from Essen Germany. They started their career in 1982 under the name Tormentor Sodom are a German Thrash metal band from Gelsenkirchen, formed in 1982 Destruction are a German Thrash metal band from Lörrach, in southern Germany. [46][47][48] These band's releases all featured uptempo rhythms, fast guitar solos, raspy screamed vocals and dark lyrical themes; an influence on later death metal bands. At the same time a small South American scene would emerge. South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a Bands like Holocausto, Sarcófago and Sepultura would release death metal records around 1986, most notably Sepultura's first LP, Morbid Visions. Holocausto is a Colombian Thrash metal band which was an important part of the Colombian metal scene in the 1980s (and therefore notable in South America's thrash Sarcófago (Portuguese for "sarcophagus" was a Brazilian Extreme metal band Sepultura ( Portuguese: Grave) are a Brazilian heavy metal band from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, formed in 1984 Morbid Visions is the first studio album by Brazilian Extreme metal band Sepultura, released in 1986 through Cogumelo Produções

An early death metal album, Season of the Dead, was released by Necrophagia in 1987. Necrophagia was one of the first Death metal bands assembled in 1983 That same year saw the release of Death's Scream Bloody Gore, which some writers consider the subgenre's first "proper" release. Scream Bloody Gore is the first Album released by Death in 1987 [49]

By 1989, many bands had been signed by eager record labels wanting to cash in on the subgenre, including Florida's Obituary, Morbid Angel and Deicide. Obituary is one of the pioneering bands of the Death metal genre Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. Deicide is an American Death metal band formed in 1987 The band has sold close to 500000 releases in the USA since the SoundScan era making them This collective of death metal bands hailing from Florida are often labeled as "Florida death metal". To their credit, these early death metal bands did push the format forward, something that would ultimately pay off in a new form of music that was substantially different from their closest forefather, thrash metal. Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression

Death metal had been a major act in Sweden since the early 1980s with pioneers such as Nihilist, Entombed, Dismember and Unleashed, but later on a subgenre of Death metal took its form. In the early 1990s the rise of "Gothenburg metal" was recognized, with bands such as Dark Tranquillity and in the mid-1990s bands such as At the Gates, In Flames and Soilwork. Melodic death metal (also referred to as melodeath) is a Subgenre of Death metal which combines the melody of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal Dark Tranquillity is a Melodic death metal band from Gothenburg, Sweden. At the Gates was a Swedish Melodic death metal band from Gothenburg. In Flames is a Death metal band formed in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1990 and is considered to be a pioneer and major influence to the melodic death metal genre Soilwork is a Swedish Melodic death metal band from Helsingborg.

 Music sample:

"Blessed Are the Sick"

Music sample of Morbid Angel's "Blessed Are the Sick" from the live album Entangled in Chaos (1991). Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. Entangled in Chaos Live is the first official live recording Album by the Death metal band Morbid Angel.
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Following the original death metal innovators, a new hybrid began by the end of the decade. Just as the creation of New Wave of British Heavy Metal (NWOBHM) lead by Iron Maiden and other bands was sparked by the youthful energy of punk rock in the late 1970s, so did cross-fertilization between metal and punk once more create something new in the late 1980s. The New Wave of British Heavy Metal (frequently abbreviated as NWOBHM) is a heavy metal music movement that started in the late 1970s in Britain, and achieved For other uses see Iron maiden. The chaotic and often confusing development that took place around this time is well illustrated by the British band Napalm Death, often characterized as a "grindcore" band, although simultaneously a part of the hardcore punk scene. Napalm Death are For the fictional character with this name see Grindcore (Transformers. Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s However, Napalm Death themselves changed drastically around or before 1990, leaving grindcore behind. For the fictional character with this name see Grindcore (Transformers. In particular, on 1990's Harmony Corruption, Napalm Death can be heard playing something most fans would call death metal today, i. Harmony Corruption is the third Album by Napalm Death. It was released in 1990 on Earache Records. e. modern death metal by the above characterization. This album clearly displays aggressive and fairly technical guitar riffing, complex rhythmics, a sophisticated growling vocal delivery by Mark "Barney" Greenway, and thoughtful lyrics. Mark "Barney" Greenway (born July 13, 1969 in Kettering) is a British Grindcore Vocalist, who has been a Other bands contributing significantly to this early movement include Britain's Bolt Thrower and Carcass, and New York's Suffocation. Bolt Thrower are an English Death metal band from Coventry, England. Carcass are a Grindcore / Death metal act based in Liverpool, England. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous Suffocation is an American Death metal band The band was formed in 1990 and has since released many highly-regarded releases including the first ever compact disc

To close the circle, the band Death released Human in 1991, an example of modern death metal. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death Death's founder Schuldiner helped push the boundaries of uncompromising speed and technical virtuosity, mixing in highly technical and intricate rhythm guitar work with complex arrangements and emotive guitar solos. [50] Other examples of this are Carcass's Necroticism: Descanting the Insalubrious, Suffocation's Effigy of the Forgotten and Entombed's Clandestine from 1991. Necroticism - Descanting the Insalubrious (literary meaning "The Dying Process - Discussing the Unhealthy" is the third album from the band Carcass, released Effigy of the Forgotten is the debut full-length album by New York -based Death metal act Suffocation, released in 1991 Clandestine is an album by Scandinavian death metal band Entombed, released in 1991. At this point, all the above characteristics are clearly present: abrupt tempo and count changes, on occasion extremely fast drumming, morbid lyrics and growling vocal delivery. 2266-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl or TEMPO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH23(CMe22NO A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells

As mentioned above, by the end of the 1980s, various record labels internationally began to sign death metal bands at a rapid rate. Earache Records, Relativity Records and Roadrunner Records became the genre's most important labels,[51] with Earache releasing albums by Carcass, Napalm Death, Morbid Angel, and Entombed, and Roadrunner releasing albums by Obituary, Sepultura, and Pestilence. For the medical condition known as "earache" see Otalgia. Relativity Records is an American Record label founded by Clive Davis. Roadrunner Records (Roadrunner Music Group BV is a Record label that concentrates on heavy metal bands Carcass are a Grindcore / Death metal act based in Liverpool, England. Napalm Death are Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. Entombed is a Swedish death metal band which formed in 1987 under the name of Nihilist. Obituary is one of the pioneering bands of the Death metal genre Sepultura ( Portuguese: Grave) are a Brazilian heavy metal band from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, formed in 1984 Pestilence are a Death metal band from the Netherlands founded in 1986 Although these labels had not been death metal labels to start with (Earache was founded for grindcore and Roadrunner for thrash), they became the genre's flagship labels in the beginning of the 1990s. In addition to these, other labels formed as well, such as Nuclear Blast, Century Media Records, and Peaceville; many of these labels would go on to achieve successes in other genres of metal throughout the 1990s. Nuclear blast may refer to Nuclear explosion Nuclear Blast, a record label Century Media Records (CMR is an independent rock Record label with offices in the United States, Brazil, Germany, Peaceville Records is a British independent metal -oriented record label

Later history (1991–present)

Death metal's popularity achieved its peak between the 1992-93 era, with some bands such as Morbid Angel and Cannibal Corpse enjoying mild commercial successes; however, the genre as a whole never broke in to the mainstream owing to its extreme nature. Morbid Angel is an American Death metal band based in Tampa Florida. Cannibal Corpse is an American Death metal band founded in 1986 Nevertheless, rather than fading away, death metal diversified in the 1990s, spawning a rich variety of subgenres, including the following. It should be noted that cited examples are not necessarily exclusive to one particular style. Many bands can easily be placed in two or more of the following categories, and a band's specific categorization is often a source of contention due to personal opinion and interpretation.

Melodic death metal

Main article: Melodic death metal

Scandinavian death metal could be considered the forerunner of "melodic death metal". Melodic death metal (also referred to as melodeath) is a Subgenre of Death metal which combines the melody of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal Scandinavian death metal concerns the Death metal bands of Scandinavian origin Melodic death metal, sometimes referred to as "melodeath", is heavy metal music mixed with some death metal elements, such as growled vocals and the liberal use of blastbeats. Songs are typically based around Iron Maiden-esque guitar harmonies and melodies with typically higher-pitched growls, as opposed to traditional death metal's brutal riffs and much lower death grunts. For other uses see Iron maiden. Carcass is sometimes credited with releasing the first melodic death metal album with 1993's Heartwork, although Swedish bands In Flames, Dark Tranquillity, and At the Gates are usually mentioned as the main pioneers of the genre and of the Gothenburg metal sound. Carcass are a Grindcore / Death metal act based in Liverpool, England. Heartwork is an album by Carcass, released through Earache Records in 1993 In Flames is a Death metal band formed in Gothenburg, Sweden in 1990 and is considered to be a pioneer and major influence to the melodic death metal genre Dark Tranquillity is a Melodic death metal band from Gothenburg, Sweden. At the Gates was a Swedish Melodic death metal band from Gothenburg. Melodic death metal (also referred to as melodeath) is a Subgenre of Death metal which combines the melody of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal Additionally, Afflicted, Entombed, Amon Amarth, Unleashed and Tiamat helped to define the sound that would evolve into common melodic death metal. Afflicted was a Death metal band that formed in Sweden in the early 90's Entombed is a Swedish death metal band which formed in 1987 under the name of Nihilist. Amon Amarth is a Viking -themed Melodic death metal band from Tumba, Sweden founded in 1992 Unleashed is a Swedish Death metal band that was formed in 1989 by Johnny Hedlund after he left Nihilist. Tiamat is a Metal band that formed in Stockholm Sweden in 1988 Melodic death metal (also referred to as melodeath) is a Subgenre of Death metal which combines the melody of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal Entombed (ex-Nihilist) was the band which started to combine punk and death/thrash riffs and set a trademark "Sunlight studios" guitar sound. Nihilist was a Swedish Scandinavian death metal band which formed in 1987 formed by Nicke Andersson and Alex Hellid. Sunlight Studios is a Recording studio in Stockholm, Sweden. It has been a popular choice for Swedish Death metal bands such as Treblinka This was mainly created by the use of the Boss Heavy Metal distortion pedal, creating a raw, mechanical, electric buzz, which many bands of this genre later tried to reproduce. Nevertheless, this sound was inspired by British deathgrind band Unseen Terror on their debut album Human Error. Unseen Terror was a British Extreme metal band formed by Shane Embury (later of Napalm Death) and Mitch Dickinson (Heresy with the intent of Human Error is an album by British band Unseen Terror. It was originally released in 1987 and re-released in 2001 with six bonus tracks

Technical/Progressive death metal

Main article: Technical death metal

Technical death metal and progressive death metal are related terms that refer to bands particularly distinguished by the complexity of their music. Technical death metal (also called tech death for short or also can be known as Progressive death metal) is a term used to describe bands in the subgenre Death Common traits are abruptly changing, sometimes chaotic song structures, uncommon time signatures, atypical rhythms and unusual harmonies and melodies. Bands described as technical death metal or progressive death metal usually fuse common death metal aesthetics with elements of progressive rock, jazz and/or classical music. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music While the term technical death metal is sometimes used to describe bands that not only focus on complexity but also on speed and extremity, the line between progressive and technical death metal is thin. "Tech death" and "prog death", for short, are terms commonly applied to such bands as Cryptopsy, Edge of Sanity, Opeth, Origin and Sadist. Cryptopsy is a Death metal band from Montreal, Quebec, Canada that was formed in 1992 Edge of Sanity was a Swedish Death metal band whose work often delved into experimental even progressive, territory Opeth is a Swedish heavy metal band that formed in 1990 in Stockholm. Sadist is a progressive death metal band from Genoa, Italy founded in 1991 Cynic, Atheist, Pestilence, Disharmonic Orchestra and Gorguts are examples of bands noted for creating jazz-influenced death metal. Cynic is a Progressive metal band with incorporated Jazz fusion founded in Miami, Florida, United States. Atheist are a Technical death metal band from Florida, founded in 1984 whose music combined brutal riffs with subtle Latin music arrangements and Pestilence are a Death metal band from the Netherlands founded in 1986 Disharmonic Orchestra is an Austrian Death metal / Grindcore band that was formed in Klagenfurt in 1987. Gorguts were a Technical death metal band from Quebec City, Canada. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Necrophagist and Spawn of Possession are known for a classical music influenced death metal style. Necrophagist is a Technical death metal band from Germany, founded and fronted by guitarist/vocalist Muhammed Suiçmez. Spawn of Possession is a brutal Technical death metal band from Kalmar, Sweden, which was founded in 1997 Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music Death metal pioneers Death also refined their style in a more progressive direction in their final years. Death was an influential American Death metal band founded in 1983 by guitarist and vocalist Chuck Schuldiner, considered a "pioneering death

Brutal death metal

Main article: Brutal death metal

Brutal death metal developed by combining death metal with aspects of grindcore, and took death metal to greater extremes in terms of speed and aggression. Brutal death metal is a musical genre focusing on pushing the envelope on heaviness speed advanced playing technique and aggressive delivery in the genre of Death metal. For the fictional character with this name see Grindcore (Transformers. Brutal death metal tends to be drum-heavy and rhythm oriented leaving little room for melody and harmony. Typically, guitar riffs make use of fast tremolo picking, and heavy palm muting for a percussive effect. Tremolo picking or double picking describes the musical technique of picking on a Guitar or other String instrument in which a single note is The palm mute is a playing technique for the Guitar or bass. This technique is known as Pizzicato by Classical guitar players (see Classical The drum lines are fast and blast beats are predominant. A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal. Brutal death metal vocalists employ low-pitched death grunts and the lyrics are often, but not always gore related. cf Death rattle, a sound sometimes made by the dying A death growl, also known as death metal vocals, gutteral vocals Graphic violence is the depiction of especially vivid brutal and realistic acts of violence in visual media such as Literature, Film, Television Some bands occasionally alternate fast and aggressive parts with slower grooves and breakdowns. In Popular music a break is an Instrumental or percussion section or interlude during a song derived from or related to Stop-time &ndash being Bands who focus more on these slower groovy parts and breakdowns are sometimes referred to as slam death metal. [52]

Certain bands in this genre, for example Nile and Suffocation, have also been categorized as technical death metal. Nile is a brutal / Technical death metal band from Greenville, South Carolina that assembled in 1993 Suffocation is an American Death metal band The band was formed in 1990 and has since released many highly-regarded releases including the first ever compact disc There is a sizable overlap between the two genres, as some bands not only focus on speed and aggression but also incorporate technical and progressive elements. Brutal death metal is also associated with bands like Cannibal Corpse, Deicide, Devourment, Disgorge and Hate Eternal. Cannibal Corpse is an American Death metal band founded in 1986 Devourment is a Brutal death metal band from Dallas, Texas. Formed in 1995 the band has split up and reformed three times and none of the original members Disgorge is a Brutal death metal band from San Diego California, formed in 1992 Hate Eternal is a Death metal band from St Petersburg Florida.

Death/Doom

Main article: Death/doom

Death/doom is a slow and melancholic subgenre inspired by and mixed with classic doom metal. Death/doom (also known as deathdoom and doomdeath) is an extreme heavy metal subgenre Death/doom (also known as deathdoom and doomdeath) is an extreme heavy metal subgenre Doom metal is a form of Heavy metal music that typically employs very slow Tempos low-tuned guitars and a much 'thicker' or 'heavier' sound than other metal The genre was created by the likes of Autopsy, Incantation, Asphyx, My Dying Bride, Paradise Lost and Disembowelment. Autopsy was a Death metal band founded in 1987 in the United States by Chris Reifert after leaving Death. Incantation is an American Death metal band that was formed by John McEntee and Paul Ledney in 1989. Asphyx is a Dutch death/doom metal band that incorporates Thrash metal elements into their music My Dying Bride is a British Doom metal band formed in 1990 Biography My Dying Bride was formed in June 1990 after lead guitarist Andrew Paradise Lost are a Heavy metal band formed in 1988 in Halifax, England. Disembowelment (often written diSEMBOWELMENT) was an Australian death / Doom metal band from Melbourne that was formed in 1989 Whereas traditional doom metal relies heavily on slow tempo to create a melancholic atmosphere, death/doom is slightly faster and emphasizes minor-key melodies to create a similar atmosphere, and commonly utilizes death growls.

Zyklon are prominent members in the black/death metal scene[citation needed]
Zyklon are prominent members in the black/death metal scene

Blackened death metal

Main article: Blackened death metal

Blackened death metal is a subgenre of death metal fused with the more fluid and melodic elements of black metal. Zyklon is a Norwegian Blackened death metal band formed in 1998 by Samoth and Trym of Norwegian Black metal band Emperor Blackened death metal (also called "death/black metal" or "black/death metal" depending on which style is dominant is a Fusion genre of Extreme metal Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal. It often employs fast tempos shrieked vocals highly distorted guitars played with Tremolo picking, These bands also tend to adopt some of the thematic characteristics of that genre as well; evil, Satanism, and occultism are all common topics and images. For other uses of the word see Satanism (disambiguation. Satanism can refer to a number of belief systems depending on the user and context Early influences for blackened death metal included death metal bands such as Deicide, Acheron, and Immolation as well as black metal bands like Mayhem. Deicide is an American Death metal band formed in 1987 The band has sold close to 500000 releases in the USA since the SoundScan era making them Acheron is an American death / Black metal band originally based in Florida. Mayhem is a Black metal band formed during 1984 in Oslo Norway. Some good examples of the blackened death metal style would be God Dethroned (Early), Behemoth, Akercocke, Belphegor, Angelcorpse, Zyklon, and Sacramentum. God Dethroned is a Melodic death metal band from the Netherlands. Behemoth ( is a Polish Blackened death metal band They are considered to have played an important role in establishing the Polish Extreme metal underground Akercocke is a British progressive Blackened death metal band Belphegor is an Austrian Blackened death metal band named after the Demon Belphegor (originally Baal-Peor and formed in 1993. Angelcorpse is a Blackened death metal band born on the ashes of Pete Helmkamp's previous band Order From Chaos originally from Kansas City, Missouri Zyklon is a Norwegian Blackened death metal band formed in 1998 by Samoth and Trym of Norwegian Black metal band Emperor Sacramentum were a Black metal band from Gothenburg, Sweden, formed by Nisse Karlén (vocals/guitar in the summer of 1990 under the name of Tumulus

Deathgrind

Main article: Deathgrind

Deathgrind is a fusion of death metal mixing the intensity, speed, and brevity of grindcore with the complexity of death metal. For the fictional character with this name see Grindcore (Transformers. It differs from death metal in that guitar solos are often a rarity, shrieked vocals are more prominent as the main vocal style (though death growls are still utilized and some deathgrind bands make more use of the latter vocal style), and songs are generally shorter in length, usually between one and three minutes. Guitar solos are a melodic passage section or entire piece of music written for an Electric guitar or an Acoustic guitar. Screaming is a form of vocalization, most commonly heard in sub-genres of Heavy metal and Hardcore punk, though screamed vocals also feature in music It is usually the band's aim to play high tempo and atonal music with little to no slower passages. But this style differs from grindcore in the far more technical approach and less evident hardcore punk influence and aesthetics. Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s Some notable examples of deathgrind are Brujeria, Cattle Decapitation, Cephalic Carnage, Soilent Green, Pig Destroyer, Circle of Dead Children, and Rotten Sound. Brujeria is a Grindcore band Their name comes from a Spanish word meaning "witchcraft" Cattle Decapitation, currently signed to Metal Blade Records, is a San Diego California -based Deathgrind band Cephalic Carnage is a Grindcore / Death metal band formed in Denver Colorado in 1992 For the 1973 movie for which this band is named see Soylent Green. Pig Destroyer is a Virginian Extreme metal band Biography The band formed in 1997 with vocalist J Circle of Dead Children is a Deathgrind band formed on October 31, 1998, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Rotten Sound is a Finnish Grindcore band formed in 1993 in Vaasa.

Deathcore

Main article: Deathcore

With the rise in popularity of metalcore, traits of modern hardcore punk have been utilized in death metal. Deathcore is an amalgamation of two musical styles Metalcore and Death metal. Metalcore is an umbrella term used to describe fusion genres that incorporate elements of the Hardcore punk and heavy metal genres Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s Bands like Job for a Cowboy, The Red Chord, and Suicide Silence combine metalcore with death metal influences. Job for a Cowboy is a American Death metal band formed in Glendale, Arizona in 2002 The Red Chord is a band from Revere Massachusetts whose sound incorporates elements of Death metal, Grindcore and Metalcore. Suicide Silence is a five-piece Deathcore band from Riverside, California. Death metal characteristics such as fast and dynamic drumming (including blast beats), down-tuned guitars, tremolo picking and growled vocals are combined with slower groovy riffs and breakdowns. A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal. Tremolo picking or double picking describes the musical technique of picking on a Guitar or other String instrument in which a single note is cf Death rattle, a sound sometimes made by the dying A death growl, also known as death metal vocals, gutteral vocals Groove is the sense of propulsive Rhythmic "feel" or sense of " Swing " created by the interaction of the music played by a band's Rhythm section In Popular music a break is an Instrumental or percussion section or interlude during a song derived from or related to Stop-time &ndash being In the case of some groups such as Despised Icon and Bring Me the Horizon, lyrical themes are less focussed on gore and violence, and more on personal issues such as loneliness and the human condition. Despised Icon is a Deathcore band from Montreal, Quebec. The band was formed by members of Neuraxis, In Dying Days and Heaven's Cry in January Bring Me the Horizon (often abbreviated to BMTH) is a Deathcore band from Sheffield, Yorkshire. Loneliness is an Emotional state in which a Person experiences a powerful feeling of Emptiness and isolation. The human condition encompasses all of the Experience of being Human. This metalcore/death metal hybrid is frequently referred to as deathcore. Deathcore is an amalgamation of two musical styles Metalcore and Death metal.

Other fusion subgenres

There are other heavy metal music subgenres that have come from fusions between death metal and other non-metal genres, such as the fusion of death metal and jazz. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Atheist and Cynic are two prime examples; the former of which went as far as to include jazz-style drum solos on albums, and the latter of which incorporated influences from jazz fusion. Atheist are a Technical death metal band from Florida, founded in 1984 whose music combined brutal riffs with subtle Latin music arrangements and Cynic is a Progressive metal band with incorporated Jazz fusion founded in Miami, Florida, United States. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Fusion or more specifically jazz fusion or jazz rock, is a Musical genre that merges Jazz with elements of other styles of music particularly Nile have also incorporated Egyptian music and Middle Eastern themes into their work, while Alchemist are one of the only death metal bands that have incorporated psychedelia along with Aboriginal music. Nile is a brutal / Technical death metal band from Greenville, South Carolina that assembled in 1993 Egyptian music has been an integral part of Egyptian culture since ancient times Alchemist is an Australian heavy metal band from Canberra. The band is one of the best known Australian heavy metal acts renowned for their unique combination Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Indigenous Australian music includes the music of Australian aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders who are collectively called Indigenous Australians; it incorporates Some groups, such as Nightfall and Eternal Tears of Sorrow, have incorporated the heavy use of keyboards and symphonic elements, creating a fusion of symphonic metal and death metal, sometimes referred to as symphonic death metal. Eternal Tears of Sorrow (commonly abbreviated to EToS) is a Finnish Melodic death metal band A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. Symphonic metal or opera metal is a term used to describe Heavy metal music that has symphonic elements that is elements that sound similar to a A Fusion genre is a music genre that fuses two or more other musical genres Industrial metal has also been fused with death metal on Fear Factory's Soul of a New Machine. Industrial metal is a Musical genre that draws from Industrial music and heavy metal. Fear Factory is an American heavy metal band The band formed in 1989 and have released seven full-length Soul of a New Machine is the debut Album (not counting the originally unreleased 1991 album Concrete) by the Los Angeles Death

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Dunn, Sam (Director). This is a list of Death metal bands with articles on Wikipedia cf Death rattle, a sound sometimes made by the dying A death growl, also known as death metal vocals, gutteral vocals A blast beat is a drum beat often associated with Grindcore, although its usage predates the genre and has spread to many other forms of Extreme metal. Extreme metal is an Umbrella term, somewhat loosely defined for a number of related heavy metal subgenres that have developed since the 1980s (2005, August 5). Metal: A Headbanger's Journey [motion picture]. Canada: Dunn, Sam.
  2. ^ Possessed - Seven Churches review @ Metal Observer
  3. ^ Morbid Angel page @ Allmusic "Formed in 1984 in Florida, Morbid Angel (along with Death) would also help spearhead an eventual death metal movement in their home state"
  4. ^ Is Metal Still Alive? WATT Magazine, Written by: Robert Heeg, Published: April 1993
  5. ^ Silver Dragon Records "During the 1990s death metal diversified influencing many subgenres"
  6. ^ Deathmetal.org "The golden years of death metal were from 1988 to 1994, during which time the classics of the genre and all of its variations formed"
  7. ^ BBC News: "Investigating the 'death metal' murders"
  8. ^ FretJam Guitar Lessons, "How to Play Death Metal Guitar"
  9. ^ Cookie Monster Vocals. about. com. Retrieved on January 21, 2006. . See further examples of this usage at The cookie monster vocal explained. rocknerd. Retrieved on January 21, 2006.
  10. ^ The categorization of death metal. metalstorm. ee. Retrieved on January 21, 2006.
  11. ^ DeathMetal.ca "all the above characteristics are clearly present: abrupt tempo and count changes, on occasion extremely fast drumming, morbid lyrics and growling delivery"
  12. ^ Purcell, Natalie J. [2003]. "1", Death Metal Music: The Passion and Politics of a Subculture. McFarland & Company, 12. ISBN 0786415851. Retrieved on June 2007. June 2007 is the sixth month of that year It began on a Friday and 30 days later ended on a Saturday.  “A good Death Metal song will keep the listener to the edge of his seat while the song twists and turns through numerous time changes and scale patterns - John Gallagher, Dying Fetus” 
  13. ^ Deathmetal.org "We say death metal is "structuralist" because, in contrast to rock music, its goal is not a recursive rhythm riff that encourages constant intensity through verse-chorus structure"
  14. ^ Moynihan, Michael, and Dirik Søderlind (1998). Lords of Chaos (2nd ed. ). Feral House. ISBN 0-922915-94-6, p. 27
  15. ^ Deathmetal.org "However, few practise mysticism and most seem to use it solely as metaphorology for their works"
  16. ^ Purcell, Natalie J. [2003]. "3", Death Metal Music: The Passion and Politics of a Subculture. McFarland & Company, 39-42. ISBN 0786415851. Retrieved on June 2007. June 2007 is the sixth month of that year It began on a Friday and 30 days later ended on a Saturday.  
  17. ^ Khan-Harris, Keith. Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge. Oxford: Berg, 2006. ISBN 9781845203993
  18. ^ Baddeley, Gavin. Raising Hell!: The Book of Satan and Rock 'n' Roll
  19. ^ Dunn, Sam (Director). (2005, August 5). Metal: A Headbanger's Journey [motion picture]. Canada: Dunn, Sam.
  20. ^ Alex Webster (Cannibal Corpse) interview
  21. ^ Nunslaughter interview "The term Death Metal was coined by a Florida journalist that was explaining to his readers that Death play their own kind of metal it is “Deaths Metal” so we owe the term to him but I think it was a global movement. Cannibal Corpse is an American Death metal band founded in 1986 Bathory's demo was 1983 and so was Hellhammers first demo"
  22. ^ Death / meer dan death metal Aardschok Magazine, Written by: Robert Haagsma, Published: April 1995 "The definition death metal was called into being because of the drift of the lyrics - death in all its shapes - and the death rasp which the "singers" use. That one of the founders of the genre is going by the name Death might be a coincidence"
  23. ^ Purcell, Natalie J. [2003]. "3", Death Metal Music: The Passion and Politics of a Subculture. McFarland & Company, 53. ISBN 0786415851. Retrieved on June 2007. June 2007 is the sixth month of that year It began on a Friday and 30 days later ended on a Saturday.  “The term "Death Metal" emerged when Thomas Fischer and Martin Ain, a pair of Swiss Venom fans in the band Hellhammer (later Celtic Frost), started a fanzine called "Death Metal". Later, their record label German Noise Records used the "Death Metal" name for a compilation featuring Hellhammer” 
  24. ^ Hellhammer biography"Karl from Noise is planning to call the LP Black Mass but it is Tom who talks him out of it and proposes Death Metal which actually is the name of the underground mag Tom used to run"
  25. ^ Encyclopaedia Metallum "Possessed are hailed as the godfathers of the death metal genre . . . They're considered the first death metal group with the name coming from their first demo entitled, Death Metal. "
  26. ^ THE DEATH OF DEATH Martelgang Magazine, Written by: Anton de Wit, Published: January 2002, "Yet it's almost unthinkable that the term wasn't inspired by the band name Death or their first demo, Death By Metal from 1983. "
  27. ^ Deathmetal.org
  28. ^ Venom - Welcome to Hell review @ Allmusic "Make no mistake: Welcome to Hell, more than any other album, crystallized the elements of what later became known as thrash, death, black, and virtually every other form of extreme metal"
  29. ^ Venom band page @ Allmusic "Venom developed a dark, blistering sound which paved the way for the subsequent rise of thrash music; similarly, their macabre, proudly Satanic image proved a major inspiration for the legions of black metal bands"
  30. ^ a b Into The Lungs of Hell Metal Hammer magazine, Written by: Enrico de Paola, Translated by: Vincenzo Chioccarelli, Published: March 2000 ""
  31. ^ Slayer band page @ Rockdetector
  32. ^ Slayer on MTV
  33. ^ (English)Slayer on www.anus.com
  34. ^ Slayer band page @ Allmusic
  35. ^ Huey, Steve. Reign in Blood - Slayer. Allmusicguide. com. Retrieved on 2007-01-05. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France.
  36. ^ Rivadavia, Eduardo. "Death—Biography". All Music Guide. Retrieved on November 23, 2007. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  37. ^ a b Possessed - Seven Churches review @ Allmusic "the band definitely displayed a strong Slayer influence; but it was . . . Jeff Becerra who first introduced the barely decipherable grunting vocal style which would epitomize the death metal genre"
  38. ^ Possessed band page @ Allmusic "the brutal Seven Churches was arguably the first true death metal album and set the stage for the genre's breakaway from thrash"
  39. ^ Possessed band page @ Encyclopaedia Metallum "Possessed are hailed as the godfathers of the death metal genre . . . They're considered the first death metal group with the name coming from their first demo entitled, ``Death Metal. ``"
  40. ^ Possessed - Seven Churches review @ Metal Observer "This band gets props from everyone and it isn't surprising, as they essentially invented Death Metal waaaayy back in about 1983"
  41. ^ Death band page
  42. ^ Purcell, Natalie J. [2003]. "3", Death Metal Music: The Passion and Politics of a Subculture. McFarland & Company, 54. ISBN 0786415851. Retrieved on June 2007. June 2007 is the sixth month of that year It began on a Friday and 30 days later ended on a Saturday.  
  43. ^ Death biography, allmusic
  44. ^ BNR Metal Bathory page "It was Bathory, along with Venom, who helped pioneered the raw death/black style and gutteral vocals that are now standard in the genres"
  45. ^ BNR Metal Hellhammer page "Regarded as an influential band in both the death and black black metal fields"
  46. ^ Kreator - Pleasure To Kill review @ Metal Observer "But in Europe they had been the unrestricted rulers of the believers"
  47. ^ Sodom - In The Sign Of Evil/Obsessed By Cruelty review @ Metal Observer "but the Underground loved them and SODOM reached a totally cult status!"
  48. ^ Destruction - Sentence Of Death/Infernal Overkill (2 in 1) review @ Metal Observer "Following they thrashed in the mini LP "Sentence Of Death". This technically rather modest album hit the scene like a bomb. "
  49. ^ About.com
  50. ^ Empty Words, where there are dozens of reviews along this line
  51. ^ 'Death Metal Special: Dealers in Death' Terrorizer #151
  52. ^ Diskreet - Infernal Rise Review

Literature

Dictionary

death metal

-noun

  1. (music) A sub-genre of heavy metal having violent or dark lyrics
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