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The Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals is the president of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church, and as such always holds the rank of Cardinal Bishop. President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. The College of Cardinals (verbose Sacred College of the Holy Roman Church, Sancta Romana Ecclesia, S A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. The Dean is not necessarily the longest-serving member of the whole College (who might never become a Cardinal Bishop). For example, the longest-serving cardinal at present is Stephen Cardinal Kim Sou-hwan, who is a Cardinal Priest. Stephen Kim Sou-hwan (born May 8 1922) is a senior Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and the former Archbishop of Seoul, A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. It was customary for centuries for the longest-serving of the six Cardinal Bishops of suburbicarian sees to be Dean, and this was in fact required by canon law from 1917 until Pope Paul VI empowered the six to elect him from among their number in 1965. The seven suburbicarian dioceses are Roman Catholic Dioceses located in the Suburbs that surround Rome, reserved for the highest order of Canon Law, the Ecclesiastical law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system with all the necessary elements courts lawyers judges a fully articulated Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Pope Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. This election, a formality until the time of Pope John Paul II, must be confirmed by the pope. Pope History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and While the Dean (or in his absence or inability, the Subdean) presides over the College of Cardinals, he has no power of governance over the other cardinals. Instead he functions as primus inter pares in the college. Primus inter pares ( Latin) or First among equals is a phrase which indicates that a person is the most senior of a group of people There is no mandatory age of retirement for the position.

It is the Dean's responsibility to summon the conclave to elect a new pope when the previous one dies or resigns, and to preside over the conclave unless he is too old to vote in it. A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect the Pope (or Bishop of Rome) who is considered by Catholics to be the Successor History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Papal abdication occurs in the Catholic Church when the Pope resigns his office Additionally, the dean has the responsibility of communicating the "news of the Pope's death to the Diplomatic Corps accredited to the Holy See and to the Heads of the respective Nations. " [1] According to Canon 355 (from the Latin Code of Canon Law 1983), if the newly-elected Supreme Pontiff is not already a bishop, it is the right of the Dean to ordain him as such. Canon Law, the Ecclesiastical law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system with all the necessary elements courts lawyers judges a fully articulated History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and In the Catholic Church, a Bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the priesthood. In a general sense the term Holy Orders refers to those in the Christian religion who have been ordained in Apostolic Succession. If the Dean is unable, then the right falls to the Sub-Dean, and then to the senior Cardinal Bishop.

According to section 4 of Canon 350, the Cardinal Dean has "the title of the diocese of Ostia, together with that of any other church to which he already has a title. The Bishop of Ostia is the ecclesiastical head of the Catholic Diocese of Ostia, one of the seven Suburbicarian sees of Rome " The Cardinal Dean, then, continues to hold the title of his former suburbicarian diocese as well as being titular bishop of Ostia. The seven suburbicarian dioceses are Roman Catholic Dioceses located in the Suburbs that surround Rome, reserved for the highest order of Main article Bishop (Catholic Church A titular bishop is a bishop of the Catholic Church who is not in charge This has been the case since 1914, by decree of St. Pius X—previous deans had given up their prior suburbicarian see for the joint titles of Ostia and Velletri. Saint Pius X ( Latin: Pius PP X) ( June 2, 1835 &mdash August 20, 1914) born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, was the

Contents

Deans of the Sacred College of Cardinals

Each name is followed by years of birth and death, then comma-separated years of cardinalate and deanship. Two recent deans have chosen to retire before dying, while six were elected Pope, Gregory IX, Alexander IV Alexander VI, Paul III, Paul IV and most recently Benedict XVI (Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger, elected Pope in 2005, the first Dean to be so elevated since Pope Paul IV in 1555). Pope Gregory IX, born Ugolino di Conti, was Pope from March 19, 1227 to August Pope Alexander IV (1199 or ca 1185 &ndash May 25 1261) was Pope from 1254 until his death Pope Alexander VI ( 1 January 1431 &ndash 18 August 1503) born Roderic Llançol, later Roderic de Borja i Borja ( Pope Paul III ( February 29, 1468 &ndash November 10, 1549) born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman Pope Paul IV ( June 28, 1476 &ndash August 18, 1559) né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from May 23 Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Pope Paul IV ( June 28, 1476 &ndash August 18, 1559) né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from May 23

Before the Great Western Schism

Great Western Schism

The obedience of Rome (1378-1415)

The obedience of Avignon (1378-1429)

The obedience of Pisa (1409-1415)

After the Council of Constance

References

  1. ^ Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). Isidore of Kiev, also known as Isidore of Thessalonica ( Russian: Исидор Ukrainian: Ісидор (b Basilios Bessarion or Basilius Bessarion (in Greek Βασίλειος Βησσαρίων ( January 2 1403 &ndash November 18 Guillaume d'Estouteville (1403 &ndash 1483 was a French ecclesiastic He was Bishop of Angers, then Bishop of Digne, Archbishop of Rouen Pope Alexander VI ( 1 January 1431 &ndash 18 August 1503) born Roderic Llançol, later Roderic de Borja i Borja ( Oliviero Carafa (1430 &ndash 20 January 1511) was an Italian Cardinal and diplomat of the Renaissance. Raffaele Sansoni Galeoti Riario ( May 3, 1461 &ndash July 9, 1521) was an Italian Cardinal of the Renaissance Bernardino López de Carvajal (b 1455 at Plasencia in Estremadura, Spain d Francesco di Tommaso Soderini (1453-1524 was a major diplomatic and Church figure of Renaissance Italy and brother of Piero Soderini. Niccolò Fieschi (c 1456 &ndash 1524 was an Italian Cardinal, of a prominent family of Genoa which features in Verdi 's Simon Boccanegra. Pope Paul III ( February 29, 1468 &ndash November 10, 1549) born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman Giovanni Piccolomini (1475-1537 was an Italian Papal legate and Cardinal. François Guillaume de Castelnau de Clermont-Ludève (1480-1541 was a French diplomat and Cardinal He was administrator of Saint-Pons-de-Thomières (1502 1511-14 Giovanni Domenico de Cupis (Cupi Cuppi (1493-1553 was an Italian Cardinal, created by Pope Leo X in the consistory of July 1, 1517. Pope Paul IV ( June 28, 1476 &ndash August 18, 1559) né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from May 23 Jean du Bellay (c 1493 &ndash February 16, 1560) French cardinal and diplomat younger brother of Guillaume du Bellay, and Bishop of François de Tournon (1489 &ndash 1562 was a French Augustinian diplomat and Cardinal. Rodolfo Pio da Carpi ( February 22, 1500 &ndash May 2, 1564) was an Italian Cardinal, humanist and patron of the arts Francesco Pisani (1494-1570 was an Italian Cardinal, from 1517 Giovanni Morone or Moroni ( 25 January 1509 - 1 December 1580) was an Italian cardinal. Alessandro Cardinal Farnese ( 5 October 1520 &ndash 2 March 1589) was an Italian cardinal and diplomat a great collector and patron of the arts Giovanni Antonio Serbelloni (Gian Antonio Gianantonio (1519-1591 was an Italian Cardinal, created in 1560 and Papal legate. Alfonso Gesualdo (1540-1603 was an Italian Cardinal, from 1561 Tolomeo Gallio (Gallo (1527-1607 was an Italian Cardinal. In the time of Pope Gregory XIII, he acted as papal secretary of state (in office 1572 to 1585 having François de Joyeuse ( 24 June 1562 &ndash 23 August 1615) was a French churchman and politician Carlo de' Medici ( March 19, 1595 &ndash June 17, 1666) was the son of Ferdinando I de' Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany and Chrétienne Francesco Barberini seniore ( September 23, 1597 - December 10, 1679) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Emmanuel Théodose de la Tour d'Auvergne (b 24 August[[ 643]] at Turenne, d Sebastiano Antonio Tanara ( April 10, 1650 — May 5, 1724) — was an Italian cardinal. Francesco Pignatelli ( February 6, 1652 — December 15, 1734) — was an Italian cardinal. Sharing the same name the cardinal's grand-uncle became Pope Alexander VIII. Rainiero d'Elci ( March 7, 1671, Florence – June 22, 1761, Rome) was an Italian Cardinal. Giuseppe Cardinal Spinelli ( February 1, 1694 — April 12, 1763) was an Italian Cardinal. Carlo Alberto Guidoboni Cavalchini (1683-1774 was an Italian Cardinal. Gian Francesco Albani ( 26 February 1720 &ndash 15 September 1803) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal. Henry Benedict Cardinal Stuart ( 11 March 1725 &ndash 13 July 1807) was the fourth and final Jacobite heir to publicly claim the thrones Leonardo Cardinal Antonelli ( 6 November 1730 &mdash 23 January 1811) born in Sinigaglia, was a Cardinal in the Roman Alessandro Mattei (1744-1820 was an Italian Cardinal, and a significant figure in papal diplomacy of the Napoleonic period His Most Reverend Eminence Giulio Maria Cardinal della Somaglia ( July 29, 1744 – April 2, 1830) was an Italian cardinal Bartolomeo Pacca ( 27 December 1756 - February 19 1844) was an Italian cardinal, scholar and statesman as Cardinal Ludovico Micara (1775-1847 was an Italian Capuchin and Cardinal. Vincenzo Macchi (1770-1860 was an Italian Cardinal. He became Dean of the College of Cardinals. Mario Mattei (1792-1870 was an Italian Cardinal, of the Roman noble House of Mattei. Costantino Cardinal Patrizi Naro JUD ( 4 September[[ 798]] – 17 December[[ 876]] was a long-serving Italian Cardinal. Luigi Cardinal Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (born June 20, 1796, Sinnai, Archdiocese of Cagliari, Sardinia; died March 30 His Most Reverend Eminence Camillo Cardinal di Pietro JUD ( 10 January 1806 - 6 March 1884) was a Cardinal His Most Reverend Eminence Carlo Cardinal Sacconi JUD ( 9 May 1808 - 25 February 1889) was a Cardinal His Most Reverend Eminence Raffaele Cardinal Monaco La Valetta S Luigi Cardinal Oreglia di Santo Stefano (born July 9, 1828, Bene Vagienna, Italy; died December 7, 1913, Rome Serafino Cardinal Vannutelli JUD ( November 26, 1834 - August 26, 1915) was an Italian Roman Catholic churchman Vincenzo Cardinal Vannutelli ( December 5, 1836 &ndash July 9, 1930) was an Italian Prelate, Cardinal of the Roman Francesco Marchetti-Selvaggiani ( October 1, 1871 - January 13, 1951) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate who spent his Eugène-Gabriel-Gervais-Laurent Tisserant ( March 24, 1884 &mdash February 21, 1972) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Amleto Giovanni Cicognani ( February 24 1883 &mdash December 17 1973) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Luigi Cardinal Traglia ( April 3, 1895 &mdash November 22, 1977) was an Italian Prelate of the Roman Catholic Carlo Confalonieri ( July 25, 1893 &mdash August 1, 1986) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church Agnelo Rossi ( May 4, 1913 - May 21, 1995) was an Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Dean Bernardin Cardinal Gantin ( 8 May 1922 &ndash 13 May 2008) was a Beninese cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church Pope Benedict XVI ( Latin: Benedictus PP XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger Angelo Sodano (born 23 November 1927 is the Dean of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Universi Dominici Gregis, art. 19. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. Retrieved on 2007-10-08. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 314 - Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses
  2. ^ a b c The sequence and dates for the period 1227-1254 are according to Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1929, p. 112 and 117-118. However, more recent sources indicate that Pelagio Galvani died rather in 1230 (not in 1240)[1], and Jacques de Vitry in 1240 (not in 1244)[2]. If these new dates are correct, the sequence of the deans for that period - according to the order of seniority - would be following:
    • Pelagio Galvani (1165-1230) (1205, 1227)
    • Jean Halgrin (1180-1237) (1227, 1230)
    • Jacques de Vitry (1160/70-1240) (1228, 1237)
    • Rinaldo Conti di Segni (1185-1261) (1227, 1240, elected Pope in 1254)
  3. ^ According to Annuaire Pontifical Catholique 1929, p. John Halgren of Abbeville (d1237 was a French scholastic philosopher and writer of sermons Papal legate and Cardinal. 127 cardinal Saint-Martin, bishop of Sabina, died on March 28, 1275, and shortly thereafter was succeeded in the see of Sabina by Giovanni Visconti, who became dean of the Sacred College in September 1276, being the only cardinal-bishop in the Sacred College at that time. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. However, Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi. Konrad Eubel (1842-1923 was a German Franciscan historian He is known for his reference work the Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, on medieval Popes Cardinals and Volumen I, p. 9 and 38 denies that Visconti was ever promoted to the cardinalate and indicates that Bertrand de Saint-Martin remained bishop of Sabina until 1277 and was the only cardinal-bishop after September 8, 1276. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz
  4. ^ He was the most senior cardinal-bishop in Roman obedience, although S. Miranda in his biographical entry does not mention that he was dean of the College
  5. ^ It is not certain if he was deposed by Gregory XII. After 1409 Cardinal Antonio Correr may have been acting dean in the Roman Obedience as the only Cardinal Bishop who remained faithful to Gregory XII
  6. ^ Former Pope Gregory XII of the Roman obedience
  7. ^ Former Pisan Antipope John XXIII
  8. ^ Although Pierre de Foix, bishop of Albano was the most senior Cardinal-Bishop 1445-64, he was omitted in the fulfilling the post of the dean of the Sacred College, because he resided outside Roman Curia
  9. ^ Cardinal-bishop of Sabina. Antonio Correr ( July 15, 1359 &ndash January 19, 1445) was Italian Cardinal-nephew of Gregory XII, Pope of Pope Gregory XII (died October 18, 1417) born Angelo Correr or Corraro, Pope from 1406 to 1415 succeeded Pope Pope John XXIIIPope John (numbering Baldassarre Cossa (c 1370 &ndash November 22 1419 also known as John XXIII, was Pope or Antipope during Pierre de Foix ( 1386 - 13 December[[ 464]] was a French cardinal created in 1409 Former Antipope Felix V. [3]
  10. ^ He opted for the see of Ostia e Velletri in November 1503. From that time deans of the College of Cardinals usually opted for that see immediately after assuming that post, although few exceptions to this rule had occurred.
  11. ^ Cardinal-bishop of Frascati [4].
  12. ^ Cardinal-bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina. According to L. Pastor "History of the Popes vol. XXXIV", London 1941 p. 303 and Valérie Pirie "The Triple Crown: An Account of the Papal Conclaves" he was Dean of the Sacred College in the Papal conclave, 1730. Also G. Moroni, Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni, vol. X, p. 15, affirms that he was dean of the Sacred College but never opted for the see of Ostia e Velletri.
  13. ^ Salvador Miranda indicates that Cardinal Fabrizio Serbelloni was dean of the Sacred College 1774-1775 [5], but according to G. Fabrizio Serbelloni (Sorbelloni (1695-1775 was an Italian Cardinal. Moroni, Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorn vol. LXIV, p. 173, Serbelloni was named bishop of Ostia e Velletri on April 18, 1774 only for that reason, that Albani, who became dean at the death of Cavalchini, refused to resign the bishopric of Porto e Santa Rufina. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland. Year 1774 ( MDCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a However, Cardinal Albani eventually opted for the see of Ostia e Velletri after the death of Serbelloni in the following year


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