Düsseldorf
Coat of arms	Location
Administration
Country	Germany
State	North Rhine-Westphalia
Admin. region	Düsseldorf
District	Urban district
City subdivisions	10 districts, 48 boroughs
Lord Mayor	-/- (CDU)
Governing parties	CDU / FDP
Basic statistics
Area	217 km² (83. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Germany (Deutschland is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen States, known in German as Länder (singular North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Düsseldorf is one of the five Regierungsbezirke ' of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-west of the country German districts (de ''Kreise'' or de ''Landkreise'' in the states of Nordrhein-Westfalen and Schleswig-Holstein, singular de ''Kreis'' and de ''Landreis'' This is a list of urban districts in Germany. Germany is divided into 429 districts (not to be confused with the larger Regierungsbezirk) these consist The Lord Mayor is the title of the Mayor of a major city with special recognition The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. This is a list of political parties in Germany. Germany has a Multi-party system with two large parties three substantial smaller parties and a number of minor The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands) is the largest Political party in Germany. The Free Democratic Party ( Freie Demokratische Partei, FDP is a liberal Political party in Germany. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 8 sq mi)
Elevation	38 m  (125 ft)
Population	581,858  (31/12/2006)[1]
- Density	2,681 /km² (6,945 /sq mi)
Other information
Time zone	CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Licence plate	D
Postal codes	40001-40629
Area code	0211
Website	duesseldorf.de Coordinates: 51°14′0″N 6°47′0″E / 51.23333, 6.78333

Düsseldorf (IPA: [ˈdʏsəldɔɐf]) is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time German car number plates ( Kfz-Kennzeichen) show the place where the car carrying them is registered __FORCETOC__ Postal codes in Germany, Postleitzahl (plural Postleitzahlen abbreviated to PLZ consist of five digits which indicate the wider area (first two digits and the see also Telephone numbering in Germany for further codes including service numbers cell phones etc A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen usually shortened to NRW, official short form NW is the westernmost and - in terms of population and economic output - the It is an economic centre of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The city is situated on the River Rhine and also has a high population density - the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area has over 10 million inhabitants alone. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge The Rhine-Ruhr Area (Rhein-Ruhr in Germany is one of the largest Metropolitan areas in Europe with about 11800000 inhabitants The city is renowned for its many events and also for its fashion and trade fairs. Fashion refers to styles of dress (but can also include cuisine literature art architecture and general comportment that are popular in a culture at any given time Every July more than 4. 5 million people visit the Große Düsseldorfer Kirmes fair.

History

When the Roman Empire was strengthening its position throughout Europe, a few Germanic tribes clung on to their marshy territory off the eastern banks of the Rhine River. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Germanic peoples are a historical group of Indo-European -speaking peoples originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Germanic In Geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of Wetland which is subject The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge

In the 7th and 8th centuries, the odd farming or fishing settlement could be found at the point where the small river Düssel flows into the Rhine. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture For the computer security term see Phishing. Fishing is the activity of catching Fish. The Düssel is a small right Tributary of the River Rhine in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. It was from such settlements that the city of Düsseldorf grew.

The first written mention of the town of Düsseldorf dates back to 1135 (then called Düsseldorp). It was told that under Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa the small town of Kaiserswerth, lying to the North of Düsseldorf, became a well fortified outpost, where soldiers kept their watchful eyes over every movement on the Rhine. Frederick I Barbarossa (1122 &ndash 10 June 1190) was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned Kaiserswerth is one of the oldest parts of the City of Düsseldorf, it is in the north of the city and next to the river Rhine. Kaiserswerth eventually became a suburb of Düsseldorf in 1929.

Düsseldorf in 1647

In 1186 Düsseldorf came under the rule of Berg. Berg was a medieval territory in today's North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The counts of Berg moved their seat to the town in 1280. 14 August 1288 is one of the most important dates in the history of Düsseldorf as it was on this day that the sovereign Count Adolf V of Berg granted the village on the banks of the Düssel city rights. Events 1183 - Taira no Munemori and the Taira clan take the young Emperor Antoku and the three sacred treasures

Prior to that announcement, a bloody struggle for power had taken place between the Archbishop of Cologne and the count of Berg, culminating in the Battle of Worringen. The Battle of Worringen was fought on June 5, 1288 near the town of Worringen (also called Woeringen which is now considered to be a suburb of The Archbishop of Cologne's forces were wiped out by the forces of the count of Berg who were supported by citizens and boors of Cologne and Düsseldorf, paving the way for Düsseldorf's elevation to city status, which is remembered today with a monument on the Burgplatz. After this battle the relationship of the two cities deteriorated, because they were commercial rivals. It is often said that there is a kind of hostility between the citizens of Cologne and Düsseldorf. Today, it finds its expression mainly in a humorous form (especially during the Rhineland Karneval) and in sports. Carnival is a festival season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February and March

A market square sprang up on the banks of the Rhine and the square was protected by city walls in all four directions. In 1380, Düsseldorf was made regional capital of the Duchy of Berg. During the following centuries several famous landmarks were built, including the Collegiate Church of St. Lambertus. In 1609, the ducal line of Jülich-Berg-Cleves died out, and after a virulent struggle over succession, Jülich and Berg fell to the Wittelsbach Counts of Palatinate-Neuburg, who made Düsseldorf their main domicile, even after they inherited the Palatinate, in 1685, becoming now Prince-electors as Electors Palatine. The Duchy of Cleves (Herzogtum Kleve was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in present Germany (part of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the Netherlands The Wittelsbach family is a European Royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria. Palatinate-Neuburg (Herzogtum Pfalz-Neuburg is a former state of the Holy Roman Empire, founded in 1505 The Palatinate of the Rhine (Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein later the Electoral Palatinate (Kurpfalz was a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl

Düsseldorf's growth was even more impressive under the leadership of Johann Wilhelm II (r. Johann Wilhelm II Elector Palatine, also known as Johann Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg, ( April 19, 1658 &ndash June 8, 1716) was 1690-1716) in the 18th century, also known to his people as Jan Wellem. The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system Greatly influenced by his wife Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, the art lover designed a vast art gallery with a huge selection of paintings and sculptures that were housed in the Stadtschloss (city castle). Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, ( August 11, 1667 &ndash February 18, 1743, Florence) was the last of the Medici to live

After the death of childless Jan Wellem, the flourishing royal capital fell back to hard times, especially after Elector Karl Theodor inherited Bavaria and moved the electoral court to Munich. Karl Theodor Prince-Elector Count Palatine and Duke of Bavaria (December 1724 &ndash February 16, 1799) reigned as Prince-Elector and Count Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. With him he took the art collection, which became part of what is now the Alte Pinakothek in Munich. The Alte Pinakothek (Old Pinakothek is an Art museum situated in the Kunstareal in Munich, Germany. Destruction and poverty struck Düsseldorf after the Napoleonic Wars. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions Napoleon made Berg a Grand Duchy and Düsseldorf its capital. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. J. C. C. Devaranne, a leader of Solingen's resistance to Napoleon's conscription decrees, was executed here in 1813. Johann Christian Claudius Devaranne ( March 8 1784 – July 20 1813) was one of the leaders of the Russian Truncheon Insurgency directed against Solingen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the northern edge of the region called Bergisches Land, south of the Ruhr After the defeat of Napoleon, the whole Rhineland including Berg was given to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The parliament of the Rhine Province was established in Düsseldorf later. The Rhine Province (Rheinprovinz also known as Rhenish Prussia ( Rheinpreußen) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free

By the mid-19th century, Düsseldorf enjoyed a revival thanks to the Industrial Revolution as the city boasted 100,000 inhabitants by 1882; the figure doubled in 1892. The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the However, the First and Second World Wars soon plunged Düsseldorf into depression. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including During World War II, the city was virtually reduced to a pile of rubble as round-the-clock air attacks took their toll.

In 1946 Düsseldorf was made capital of the new federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The city's reconstruction proceeded at a frantic pace and the economic transformation saw Düsseldorf growing into the wealthy city of trade, administration and service industries as it is known today.

Geography

Physical geography

Düsseldorf lies in the middle of the lower Rhine basin on the delta of the Düssel River where it flows into the Rhine. The city is on the east side of the Rhine, except for District 4 (Oberkassel, Niederkassel, Heerdt and Lörick). Oberkassel is a quartier of Düsseldorf, with a population of about 17000 inhabitants Heerdt is one of the older parts of the city of Düsseldorf. Heerdt and its neighbouring quarters Oberkassel, Niederkassel and Lörick on the

Across the Rhine Neuss was built on the delta of the Erft river. Neuss (ˈnɔʏs is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The Erft is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It flows through the foothills of the Eifel, and joins the Rhine river (left tributary Düsseldorf lies southwest of the Ruhr mining district, and in the middle of the Rhine-Ruhr urbanized region. The Ruhr Area, ( German Ruhrgebiet, colloquial Ruhrpott, Kohlenpott or Revier) is an Urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia Düsseldorf is built entirely on alluvium, muds, sands, clays and occasionally gravels. Alluvium (from the Latin, alluvius, from alluere, "to wash against" is Soil or Sediments deposited by a river or other running The highest point in Düsseldorf is the top of Sandberg in the far eastern part of the city (Hubbelrath borough) at 165 metres (541 ft). The lowest point is at the far northern end in Wittlaer borough where the Schwarzbach (Black Creek) enters the Rhine, with an average elevation of 28 metres (92 ft). Like the rest of the lower Rhinelands Düsseldorf has mild winters and moderately warm summers, with an average yearly temperature of 10. The Rhineland ( Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. 5 °C (51 °F) and 77 centimetres (30 in) of rainfall. The predominate wind direction is out of the south or southeast with velocities in the range of 3 to 4 m/s (7-9 mph), with gusts of 3. 5 -4. 8 m/s (8-10. 7 mph). The wind is calm (under 2 m/s or 4. 5 mph) about 35% of the time, more frequently at night and in the winter. ^[2][3]

Districts

The districts of Düsseldorf

The regional parliament, seen from the top of the Rheinturm.

Düsseldorf is currently (2007) divided into ten administrative districts. Each district (Bezirk) has its own elected district council (Bezirksvertretung) and its own district mayor (Bezirksvorsteher). The district councils are advisory only. Each district is further subdivided into boroughs. There are 49 boroughs in Düsseldorf^[4].

Adjacent cities and districts

The following districts and cities border Düsseldorf (clockwise starting from the north): the City of Duisburg, the District of Mettmann (Ratingen, Mettmann, Erkrath, Hilden, Langenfeld, and Monheim), and the District of Neuss (Dormagen, Neuss, and Meerbusch). The Altstadt (literally "old town" is one of the 49 boroughs of the German City of Düsseldorf, and belongs to City District (District 1 Angermund is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is the nordest part of Düsseldorf neighbouring to Kalkum, Kaiserswerth and Duisburg. Benrath (ˈbɛnʁaːt is a part of Düsseldorf in the south of the city Bilk, Oberbilk and Unterbilk are parts of Düsseldorf and together with Hamm Flehe and Volmerswerth they constitute City District 3 which is the most Cartlstadt is a bourough of Düsseldorf and belongs to the central district Derendorf is a borough of Düsseldorf.It is north of Pempelfort and the central district west of Rath, south of Kaiserswerth. Düsseltal is a borough of Düsseldorf with a fairly well-off population and developed around an old convent se also Walton Eller Eller is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. Flehe is a borough of Düsseldorf. It les directly at the river Rhine, neighbouring to Volmerswerth, Himmelgeist and Bilk. Flingern is a former blue-collar borough of Düsseldorf. Located northeast of Düsseldorf (proper it is divided into two boroughs today Flingern-Nord and Flingern-Süd Friedrichstadt is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is in the south of the Central District of Düsseldorf north of Bilk, west of Oberbilk and east of Unterbilk Garath is a quarter in the south of Düsseldorf, next to Benrath in Germany Gerresheim is one of the oldest parts of the City of Düsseldorf, Germany. Golzheim, a borough of Düsseldorf in District 1 on the Rhine just north of the city center is primarily a business and hotel district but retains some of the old stately Grafenberg is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders to Gerresheim, Ludenberg, Flingern and Düsselthal. Düsseldorf-Hafen means the harbour of Düsseldorf. More than that Hafen is the name of the Düsseldorf district in which the habour is located Hamm is an urban borough of Düsseldorf.To separate it from the Westphalian City Hamm locals tell it often Kappes-Hamm (Kappes is the word for Kale in the Hassels is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. Its original name was "Hasselholt" what means hazelnut wood in older German language Heerdt is one of the older parts of the city of Düsseldorf. Heerdt and its neighbouring quarters Oberkassel, Niederkassel and Lörick on the Hellerhof is a borough of the city of Düsseldorf. Düsseldorf-Hellerhof is in the far southeast part of Düsseldorf Himmelgeist is an old part of Düsseldorf, which is dominated by agriculture until today Holthausen is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is located south of Oberbilk, west of Reisholz, north of Benrath and west of Itter Hubbelrath is an urban bourough of Düsseldorf. It borders to Gerresheim, Mettmann, Erkrath and Ratingen. Itter is an urban bourough of Düsseldorf.It is located near to the river Rhine neighboring to Himmelgeist, Holthausen and Reisholz. Kaiserswerth is one of the oldest parts of the City of Düsseldorf, it is in the north of the city and next to the river Rhine. Kalkum is an urban borough of Düsseldorf.It is in the north of the city neighboring to Kaiserswerth, Angermund, Wittlaer and Ratingen Lichtenbroich is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is in the north of the city neighbouring to Lohausen, Mörsenbroich and the airport. Lierenfeld is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders on Eller, Oberbilk, Flingern und Wersten. Lohausen is an urban borough in the north of Düsseldorf, in neighbourhood to Stockum, Kaiserswerth, Unterrath, Wittlaer, the river Lörick is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is located on the left side of the river Rhine, bordering to the river Niederkassel, Heerdt and Ludenberg is an urban borough of Düsseldorf.It borders on Gerresheim, Grafenberg, Hubbelrath and Rath. Mörsenbroich is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders on Unterrath, Rath, Derendorf, Grafenberg and Düsselthal. Niederkassel' is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is on the left side of the river Rhine bordering to Oberkassel and Lörick. Oberbilk is an inner-city urban borough in the south-east of the German city of Düsseldorf. Oberkassel is a quartier of Düsseldorf, with a population of about 17000 inhabitants Pempelfort is in the north-east of the central district of Düsseldorf. Rath is a borough in northern Düsseldorf District 6 near the airport with 16975 inhabitants (2000 Reisholz is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is located in the south of the city bordering to Holthausen, Benrath and the river Rhine. Stadtmitte (Centre of City is an urban borough of Düsseldorf in the central district Stockum is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is located north of Unterrath and Golzheim, east of Kaiserswerth, west of Lohausen Unterbach was a local borough of Erkrath, Germany, until 1975 when it became an urban borough of Düsseldorf in a local reorganisation Unterbilk is an urban borough in the 3rd District of the North Rhine-Westphalian state capital Düsseldorf. Unterrath is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is bordering to Rath, Mörsenbroich, Lichtenbroich and Derendorf. Urdenbach is an urban Borough of Düsseldorf.It is located in the south of the city next to the neighboring town Monheim am Rhein and bordered by the river Vennhausen is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders on Unterbach, Eller and Gerresheim. Volmerswerth is a borough in western Düsseldorf, District 3, by the river Rhine. Wersten is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It is south of Eller and Oberbilk, east of Bilk, north of Holthausen. Wittlaer is an urban borough of Düsseldorf. It borders Stockum, Kalkum, Angermund, and the city of Duisburg. Duisburg (ˈdyːsbʊɐ̯k is a German city in the western part of the Ruhr Area ( Ruhrgebiet) in North Rhine-Westphalia. Mettmann is a Kreis ( District) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Ratingen is a town in the district of Mettmann, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the northwestern part of Berg - about 12 km northeast Mettmann is a Rhenish Town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Erkrath is a town in the district of Mettmann, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Geography Erkrath is situated on the Düssel Hilden is a city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Langenfeld is a town in North-Rhine-Westphalia ( Germany) in the district of Mettmann Monheim am Rhein is a North-Rhine-Westphalian ( Germany) medium-sized town in the district of Mettmann in the southern suburban area of Düsseldorf Neuss is a Kreis ( District) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Dormagen is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany in the Rhein-Kreis Neuss. Meerbusch, a town in Rhein-Kreis Neuss, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany is independent since 1970

Economy

Schadow Arkaden - shopping mall.

Gehry buildings Der Neue Zollhof in Media harbour, looking from former Monkey's Island. Frank Owen Gehry CC (born Ephraim Owen Goldberg, February 28, 1929) is a Pritzker Prize -winning Architect

Düsseldorf is not only widely known as a center of the German advertising and fashion industries: in the last few years the city on the Rhine has become one of the top telecommunications centers in Germany. Fashion refers to styles of dress (but can also include cuisine literature art architecture and general comportment that are popular in a culture at any given time There are 18 internet providers located in the capital of North-Rhine Westphalia. With two of the four big German providers of mobile frequencies, D2 Vodafone and E-Plus, Düsseldorf leads the German mobile phone market. Vodafone is a Mobile network operator headquartered in Berkshire, England, UK. E-Plus is a mobile telecommunications operator in Germany. With 15 There are also many foreign trading centers in Düsseldorf such as NTT, Ericsson, Nokia and GTS. commonly known as NTT, is a telephone company that dominates the Telecommunication market in Japan. Ericsson ( Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson) () one of the largest Swedish companies is a leading provider of telecommunication and data communication systems Nokia Corporation (pronunciation /'nɔkiɑ/),,) is a Finnish multinational Communications Corporation, headquartered

Many of the internet companies in Düsseldorf have their roots in the world of advertising: there are 400 advertising agencies in Düsseldorf, among them three of the largest in Germany: BBDO Group, Publicis Group and Grey Group. Publicis Groupe () is a French multinational Advertising and communications company A number of affiliates of foreign agencies deserve mention as well, such as Ogilvy & Mather, Dentsu, Hakuhodu, Digital District and DDB. Ogilvy & Mather is a preeminent international advertising marketing and public relations agency based in New York City and owned by the WPP Group. ( is one of the largest Advertising agency brands in the world

In Düsseldorf there are about 170 national and international financial institutions and about 130 insurance agencies and one of the biggest German stock exchanges. There are also about 200 publishing houses in Düsseldorf.

Several other major German companies have their headquarters in the city: Henkel KGaA (Branded Consumer Goods and Industrial technologies); E.ON (energy); ThyssenKrupp (metallurgy); Metro (wholesale, retail); Ergo (insurance); LTU (air transport), Cognis (chemicals, headquarter in Monheim near Düsseldorf, but production mainly in Düsseldorf). Henkel AG & Co KGaA () is an international company headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany. EON AG ( an energy corporation based in Düsseldorf, Germany, is the largest of the 30 members of the DAX Stock index of major ThyssenKrupp AG ( is a large German industrial conglomerate, with more than 200000 employees Metro AG ( is a diversified Retail and Wholesale / cash and carry group based in Germany. LTU Lufttransport-Unternehmen GmbH is an airline based in Düsseldorf, Germany and a subsidiary of Air Berlin. Cognis is a worldwide supplier of specialty chemicals and nutritional ingredients headquartered in Monheim Germany

Daimler builds the transporter Mercedes-Benz Sprinter in Düsseldorf. The Mercedes-Benz Sprinter is a delivery Van, Chassis cab and Minibus built by Daimler AG in Düsseldorf, Germany and

Since the 1960s, there has been a strong relationship between the city and Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Many Japanese banks and corporations have their European headquarters in Düsseldorf - so many that Düsseldorf has the third largest Japanese community in Europe, after London and Paris. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city ^{[5] [6]}

The "Kö", which stands for Königsallee (King's Avenue) is a popular shopping destination. The Königsallee (nicknamed "Kö" by the locals is a Boulevard in Düsseldorf, Germany noted for both the Canal that runs along Some of the most reputed jewellery shops, designer labels, and galleries have their stores here. The Kö has about the highest rents for shops and bureaus in Germany. ^[7]

Media

Important newspapers and journals such as Handelsblatt, Rheinische Post, Wirtschaftswoche, Deutsches Wirtschaftsblatt and VDI-Nachrichten are published in the city on the Rhine. The Handelsblatt is the leading German commercial economy newspaper published by the Verlagsgruppe Handelsblatt in Düsseldorf, a subsidiary of Georg Rheinische Post ( English: Rhenish Post) is a major German regional daily newspaper published since 1946 by the Rheinische Post Verlagsgesellschaft Almost all of these papers are available online on the Internet. Renowned filmmaking companies, such as Germany's biggest cinema enterprise, the Riech-Group, and TV channels such as WDR, ZDF, CNN, NBC Giga and QVC solidify Düsseldorf's position as a media center. The Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR, officially " Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln " translated "Western German Broadcasting Cologne" is a German Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen ("Second German Television" ZDF, is a public service German Television channel based in Mainz. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner General GIGA is a brand name for several German QVC is a West Chester Pennsylvania, USA, multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping.

Transport

Düsseldorf International Airport

Düsseldorf's subway

Düsseldorf International Airport, also referred to as Rhein-Ruhr Airport, is located eight kilometres (5 mi) from the city center and can easily be reached by train or the S-Bahn urban railway. Düsseldorf International Airport (Flughafen Düsseldorf International,is the third largest airport in Germany, located in Düsseldorf, the capital city Düsseldorf International Airport (Flughafen Düsseldorf International,is the third largest airport in Germany, located in Düsseldorf, the capital city This article has been partially translated from the German Wikipedia article There is a long-distance train station served by regional and national services, which is linked to the airport by the SkyTrain, an automatic peoplemover. The (old) local station situated under the terminal building carries the S-Bahn line (S7) to the city's central station and to Solingen as well as a few selected night services. Solingen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the northern edge of the region called Bergisches Land, south of the Ruhr

After Frankfurt and Munich, Düsseldorf International Airport is Germany's third largest commercial airport, with 16. 6 million passengers annually. The airport offers 180 destinations on 4 continents, and is served by 70 airlines. The airport buildings were partly destroyed by a devastating fire caused by welding works in 1996, killing 17 people. It was completely rebuilt and the Skytrain installed.

The city is a major hub in the Deutsche Bahn (DB) railway network. Deutsche Bahn AG ( DB AG, DBAG or DB) is the German national Railway company More than 1,000 trains stop in Düsseldorf every day. The central railway station at Konrad-Adenauer-Platz is located in Düsseldorf's city center. Several S-Bahn lines connect Düsseldorf to the other cities of Rhine-Ruhr. Local light rail Stadtbahn traffic as well as bus traffic is carried out by the city-owned Rheinbahn which operates within the VRR public transport system. See also Light rail Stadtbahn (literally in German: city railway) or Premetro, is a Tramway or Light railway which See also List of rapid transit systems Düsseldorf Stadtbahn The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (abbreviated VRR) is the public transport association covering the area of the Rhine-Ruhr Megalopolis in Germany The light rail system also serves neighbouring cities and is partially operated underground.

The Central Station (Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof) and the Airport Station (Flughafen-Bahnhof) are connected to the national and European high speed (Intercity / Eurocity, IC / EC) and extreme high speed InterCityExpress. is the Hauptbahnhof for the city of Düsseldorf in Germany, state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia. The InterCityExpress or ICE (German pronunciation) is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany and neighbouring countries

North Rhine-Westphalia has a closely-woven autobahn network with many routes leading directly to Düsseldorf. (German ˈaʊtoːbaːn plural Autobahnen; English /ˈɔːtəʊbɑːn/ is the German word for a major high- Speed Road restricted to motor The city is connected to the A3, A44, A46, A52, A57, A59 and A524 motorways. is an Autobahn in Germany that links the border to the Netherlands near Wesel in the northwest to the Austrian border near Passau History of construction The first section of this motorway which was opened was the connection between Aachen and the interchange Aachen Exit list |-|colspan="3"|---- |-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="3"|----| Richtung Werl Exit list |-|colspan="3"|----| permanently interrupted |-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="3"|---- | interrupted (extension planned Exit list |colspan="2"|| Knooppunt Rijkevoort (A 73 ( NL)|-|colspan="2" style="text-aligncenter"| A 77| Exit list |-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="3"|----|-|colspan="2"|| Kölner Ring |-|colspan="3"|---- |-|colspan="2"

Facts and figures

Demographics

• 17% of Düsseldorf's population is comprised of foreigners, which is a total 98,686 people. The largest minority ethnic groups are Turkish, Greek, and Italian. ^[8]
• Düsseldorf has the third largest Jewish community in Germany, with about 7,400 members, which is more than 1% of the city's population.
• Düsseldorf and its surroundings has the third largest Japanese community in Europe and the largest in Germany (about 11,000). ^{[9] [10]}

Living in Düsseldorf

The 2007 Mercer HR Consulting survey ranks Düsseldorf on place 5 of the cities with highest quality of life worldwide and number 1 in Germany ^[11]. This comes at a price; in the same study the cost of living was measured, making Düsseldorf the third most expensive city in Germany after Munich and Frankfurt but equal to Berlin (45^th world-wide)^[12].

Culture and recreation

Art-loving Elector Jan Wellem and his wife Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici of Tuscany, were the patrons of Düsseldorf's first significant cultural activities in the 17th and 18th centuries. Johann Wilhelm II Elector Palatine, also known as Johann Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg, ( April 19, 1658 &ndash June 8, 1716) was Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, ( August 11, 1667 &ndash February 18, 1743, Florence) was the last of the Medici to live Heinrich Heine, whose 200th birthday was celebrated in 1997, Clara and Robert Schumann as well as Felix Mendelssohn are the most prominent artists related to the city. Christian Johann Heinrich Heine ( December 13, 1797 – February 17, 1856) was a Journalist, Essayist and one of the Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, born and generally known as Felix Mendelssohn (February 3 1809 &ndash November 4 1847 was a German Composer Artistic impulses were often born in the Academy of Fine Arts and the names of Paul Klee, Joseph Beuys, Gerhard Richter as well as Albert Bierstadt are associated with the institution (Düsseldorf School). The Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf is the Arts Academy of the city of Düsseldorf. Gerhard Richter (born February 9, 1932) is a German Artist Albert Bierstadt ( January 8 1830 - February 18 1902) was a German - American painter best known for his large The Düsseldorf School of painting refers to a group of painters who taught or studied at the Düsseldorf Academy (now the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf The Düsseldorf cultural scene comprises traditional and avant-garde, classical and glamorous. The world famous state art collection of North Rhine-Westphalia, the highly acclaimed Deutsche Oper am Rhein (opera), and the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus (theatre), artistic home of Gustaf Gründgens, are major elements of Düsseldorf's reputation as a center of the fine arts. The Deutsche Oper am Rhein ( German Opera on the Rhine) is an Opera company based in Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Gustaf Gründgens ( December 22, 1899 – October 7, 1963) was one of Germany 's most famous actors of the 20th century leading

Music and nightlife

Since the 1950s the "Kom(m)ödchen" has been one of the most prominent political cabarets of Germany. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive The Kom(mödchen is a Cabaret stage in Düsseldorf. The Kom(mödchen was created in 1947 as a political-literary cabaret by Kay and Düsseldorf's most famous contribution to the culture of modern popular music is beyond doubt the avant-garde electronic music band Kraftwerk. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from Formed by a few Düsseldorf-born musicians, Kraftwerk have often been regarded as the most significant band in the history of post-war German music and as pioneers in electronic music. Internationally-known power metal band Warlock was formed in Düsseldorf in 1982. Power metal is a style of Heavy metal music combining characteristics of traditional metal with Thrash metal or Speed metal, often within Warlock was a German heavy metal band assembled in 1982 They also could be described as Hard rock or even Glam metal, and gained some Their frontwoman, Doro Pesch, has had a successful solo career in Europe and Asia since Warlock ended. Doro Pesch (full name Dorothee Pesch born 3 June, 1964, Düsseldorf, Germany) is a female vocalist formerly of the German heavy Warlock was a German heavy metal band assembled in 1982 They also could be described as Hard rock or even Glam metal, and gained some The punk band Die Toten Hosen, which is famous around the world, also the most popular singers in Germany Westernhagen and Heino come from Düsseldorf. Die Toten Hosen is a German punk band from Düsseldorf. They have enjoyed decades-long mass appeal in Germany Marius Müller-Westernhagen (born December 6, 1948 in Düsseldorf) is a German Actor and Musician. For the town in the Netherlands see Heino (Netherlands. Heino (born 13 December 1938 in Düsseldorf as The influential electronic act D.A.F. was formed in the city in 1978. DAF is an influential German Electropunk / NDW band from Düsseldorf, formed in 1978 featuring Gabriel "Gabi" Delgado-López In The Oldtown (Altstadt) German and international tourists go out on the main street Bolkerstraße, while the local scene (students and creative people) prefers the bars on Ratinger Straße.

Sports

The new ice hockey stadium. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice.

The LTU-Arena

Düsseldorf is also famous for its traditional football team, Fortuna Düsseldorf, the German Champion of 1933. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Fortuna Düsseldorf is a German football club based in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia. Today, Fortuna competes in the Regionalliga (3rd Division) and their new stadium, the LTU arena opened in January 2005 and has a capacity of 51,500. The LTU arena is a multifunctional football Stadium in Düsseldorf, Germany. Düsseldorf is one of nine 1974 FIFA World Cup cities and the Rochusclub Düsseldorf hosted the tennis world team cup since 1978. The 1974 FIFA World Cup, the tenth staging of the World Cup was held in West Germany from June 13 to July 7.

Other sports in Düsseldorf are ice hockey (the DEG Metro Stars, former DEG - Düsseldorfer Eislauf Gemeinschaft, which play in the new ISS-Dome) and American football. Ice hockey, often referred to simply as hockey, is a team Sport played on Ice. The DEG Metro Stars is the Ice hockey team of the German city of Düsseldorf. ISS Dome is a multi-use Indoor arena in Düsseldorf, Germany, it opened in 2006 The Düsseldorf Panther are the most successful team in Germany with six national champion trophies and the Eurobowl 1995. The team Düsseldorf Panther is an American football team based in the German city of Düsseldorf. In addition the Junior-Programm is the most successful youth-football programm in Germany with thirteen national championchip titles. Rhine Fire Düsseldorf was an established team of the NFL Europe and won the world bowl two times in 1998 and 2000. The Rhein Fire were a professional American football team in NFL Europa, formerly the World League of American Football. NFL Europa was an American football league which operated in Europe from 1991 until 2007. The World Bowl was the American football Championship game of NFL Europa, similar to the Super Bowl of the National Football League. Table tennis is also played (Borussia Düsseldorf), as are handball (HSG Düsseldorf), basketball (Düsseldorf Magics), baseball (Düsseldorf Senators) and dancing (Rot-Weiß Düsseldorf). Handball (also known as team handball, European handball, or Olympic handball) is a Team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic

Carnival

One of the biggest cultural events in Düsseldorf is the Düsseldorfer Karneval (also referred to as the "fifth season") which starts every year on 11 November at 11:11 a. Carnival is a festival season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February and March Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare m. , and reaches its climax on Rosenmontag (Rose Monday), featuring a huge parade through the streets of Düsseldorf. Karneval ends on Aschermittwoch (Ash Wednesday). In the Western Christian Calendar, Ash Wednesday is the first day of Lent and occurs forty days before Easter (excluding Sundays The Düsseldorf carnival is part of the traditional carnival festivities in the Rhineland.

Special drinks and meals

Düsseldorf is well-known for its Altbier, a dark beer, which is brewed only in the region of Düsseldorf. Altbier (often abbreviated to Alt) is the name given to a form of German top-fermenting beer that originated in Westphalia and spread to parts of the Rhineland ^[13] Other traditional drinks are the liqueurs Killepitsch and Samtkragen. Killepitsch is a liquor based on herbs ( Kräuterlikör) with a 42% content of alcohol

Traditional meals in the region are Rheinischer Sauerbraten (horsemeat or beef pickled for a few days) and Sky and Earth (Himmel on Ähd) (black pudding with stewed apples mixed with mashed potatoes). In winter the people like to eat Muscheln Rheinischer Art (Rhenish-style mussels). Also a special meal: Düsseldorfer Senfrostbraten (Steaks roasted with mustard).

Together with the French city of Dijon Düsseldorf is famous for its Mustard served in a traditional pot called "Mostertpöttche", which was even eternalized in a still life by Vincent van Gogh in 1884. Dijon ( diʒɔ̃ is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or departement and of the Bourgogne region For other uses see Mustard. The Multi-Unit Space Transport And Recovery Device or MUSTARD was a concept explored by the British ^[14]

Theaters

Tonhalle Düsseldorf

• Deutsche Oper am Rhein (Opera; Ballet)
• Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus; the theater started with theatralic performances in 1585
• FFT - Forum Freies Theater (Juta and Kammerspiele)
• Kom(m)ödchen (political cabaret)
• Komödie Düsseldorf
• Tonhalle Düsseldorf (classical music, jazz, pop, cabaret)
• Theater an der Kö
• Capitol (musicals)
• Apollo (varieté, circus; shows do not require knowledge of German language)

Museums and arts institutes

Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen - K20 (Grabbeplatz)

• Aquazoo-Löbbecke-Museum (aquarium and zoological museum)
• Forum NRW
• Goethe-Museum
• Heinrich-Heine-Institut
• Kunsthalle Düsseldorf
• Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen - K20 (Grabbeplatz) and K21 (Ständehaus)
• Kunstverein für die Rheinlande und Westfalen
• museum kunst palast
• Stadtmuseum (City history museum)
• Schloss und Park Benrath (Palace and park of Benrath) - Museum of European Garden Design
• Hetjens-Museum (German museum of ceramics)

University and colleges

Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf is located in the southern part of the city. The Deutsche Oper am Rhein ( German Opera on the Rhine) is an Opera company based in Düsseldorf and Duisburg. The Kom(mödchen is a Cabaret stage in Düsseldorf. The Kom(mödchen was created in 1947 as a political-literary cabaret by Kay and The NRW Forum Wirtschaft und Kultur or Forum NRW is a museum in Düsseldorf, the state capital of North Rhine-Westfalia dealing with the development and the economy ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfgaŋ fɔn ˈgøːtə (in English generally ˈgɝːtə 28 August 1749 22 March 1832 was a German writer The Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen is the arts collection of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The Museum Kunst Palast is an art museum in Düsseldorf, Germany. The Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf (Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf is a University in Düsseldorf, Germany. It has about 20,000 students and a wide range of subjects in natural sciences, mathematics, computer sciences, philosophy, social sciences, arts, languages, medicine, pharmacy, economy and the law.

Other academic institutions include

• the Clara Schumann Musikschule (Music School)
• the Robert Schumann Musikhochschule (official website) (Musics College)
• the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Official Homepage) (Academy of Fine Arts) which is famous for high-profile artists like Joseph Beuys, Paul Klee and
• the Fachhochschule Düsseldorf (official website) (University of Applied Sciences). The Robert-Schumann-Hochschule (In English Robert Schumann University, which refers to itself as the University of Music Düsseldorf) is a college for music studies The Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf is the Arts Academy of the city of Düsseldorf. The Fachhochschule Düsseldorf is a Fachhochschule (University of Applied Sciences with departments for social sciences and cultural studies technical sciences architecture
• the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research (Official homepage of the institute)
• The Goethe Institute (Official Homepage)

Buildings

The Colorium, Dusseldorf media harbour

• Rheinturm (TV tower) the town's landmark (1982: 234 m/768 ft, since 2004: 240. The Goethe-Institut ( Goethe Institute in English is a German cultural institution operational worldwide promoting the study of the German language The Rheinturm Düsseldorf is a 2405 metre high concrete telecommunication tower in Düsseldorf, Germany, capital of the federal state (''Bundesland'' 50 m/789 ft), the lights on which comprise the world's largest digital clock. A digital clock is a type of Clock that displays the time Digitally i
• The Gehry buildings in the Düsseldorf media harbour (see picture above). Frank Owen Gehry CC (born Ephraim Owen Goldberg, February 28, 1929) is a Pritzker Prize -winning Architect
• The Colorium, an 18 storey tower designed by Alsop and Partners, also in the Dusseldorf media harbour.
• The Benrather Schloss (Benrath palace).
• The Wilhem Marx House of 1922/24: at twelve storeys high, it was Germany's first high-rise building. Wilhelm Marx House ( Wilhelm-Marx-Haus) is an historical high-rise building in the central district of Düsseldorf in Germany.
• The Stahlhof of 1906, the administrative centre of Germany's steel economy until 1945.
• The Stummhaus of 1925, another early German high-rise building.
• Gerresheim Basilica [1].
• St. Suitbertus Basilica [2].
• DRV Tower, 120 m (394 ft)-high tower constructed in 1978.
• GAP 15, an 85 m (279 ft)-high building constructed in 2005 near Königsallee. The Königsallee (nicknamed "Kö" by the locals is a Boulevard in Düsseldorf, Germany noted for both the Canal that runs along
• Arag Turm, at 131 m (430 ft) in height, it is Düsseldorf's highest office building; designed by Sir Norman Foster. Norman Robert Foster Baron Foster of Thames Bank, OM, FRIBA, RDI, (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company
• Eight bridges span the River Rhine at Düsseldorf; they, too, are city landmarks.

Sister Towns and Cities

• Reading, United Kingdom (since 1947, officially since 1988)
• Haifa, Israel
• Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany
• Warsaw, Poland
• Ordu, Turkey
• Moscow, Russia
• Chongqing, P. R. China
• Cairo, Egypt
• Shenyang, P. R. China

See also

• List of mayors of Düsseldorf
• Japan Day

Famous people connected with Düsseldorf

Music and arts

• Oswald Achenbach, painter
• Peter Behrens, architect and designer
• Volker Bertelmann, composer and avant-garde pianist
• Joseph Beuys, performance artist
• Deutsch-Amerikanische Freundschaft, influential electro-punk group
• Julius Eichberg, composer
• Emil Fahrenkamp, architect
• Augustus Gloop, fictional finder of Willie Wonka's golden ticket
• Günter Grass, author
• Gustav Gründgens, actor and director of the theatre
• Jürgen Habermas, philosopher
• Heinrich Heine, poet
• Heino, folk music singer
• Ralf Hütter, musician
• Wolfgang Hünnekens, founder of IEB
• Jörg Immendorff, painter
• Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, philosopher and writer
• Johann Georg Jacobi, poet
• Hape Kerkeling, actor, presenter and comedian
• Kraftwerk, electronic music group
• Karlrobert Kreiten, concert pianist
• Emanuel Leutze, drawer
• Lore Lorentz, cabaret artist
• Heike Makatsch, actress
• Felix Mendelssohn, classical composer
• Jürgen Mittelstraß, philosopher
• Doro Pesch, singer
• Otto Piene, painter, performance artist
• Propaganda, pop music group
• Elisabeth Röhm, actress
• Ulrich Roth, guitarist
• Florian Schneider, musician
• Clara Schumann, classical composer and pianist
• Robert Schumann, classical composer and pianist
• Else Sehrig-Vehling, artist
• Adolph Tidemand, artist
• Die Toten Hosen, punk rock band
• Karl August Varnhagen von Ense, biographer
• Peter von Cornelius, painter
• Wim Wenders, movie director, producer
• Marius Müller-Westernhagen, singer and actor
• Mouse on Mars electro band
• Regina Spektor singer/songwriter

Sport

• Toni Turek, football player and world champion in 1954
• Klaus Allofs, football player, European champion in 1980 and second in 1986 FIFA World Cup
• Thomas Allofs, football player
• Paul Janes, football player
• Ria Baran and Paul Falk, figure skating world champions ^[15]
• Steffen Driesen, swimmer
• Erik Hochstein, swimmer

Other

• Anne of Cleves, Queen Consort of England in 1540, fourth wife of Henry VIII of England
• Fritz Henkel, founder of the chemical factory Henkel
• Konrad Henkel, founder of the Henkel Company
• Vera Katz, former mayor of Portland, Oregon
• Felix Klein, mathematician
• Peter Kürten, serial killer
• Richard Lieber, conservationist
• Claudia Schiffer, supermodel
• Kenzo Tenma, fictional neurosurgeon and suspected serial killer from Naoki Urasawa's manga series Monster
• Johan Liebert, fictional serial killer from Naoki Urasawa's manga series Monster

Famous places

• Kö (Königsallee), a well-frequented shopping street with luxuries shops
• Schloss Benrath, rococo castle
• Altstadt (Düsseldorf), the old town is famous for its nightlife
• Düsseldorf Hafen, the harbour is a modern build district
• Kaiserswerth, historical district with the ruined castle of Barbarossa Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
• Hofgarten, old city park

References

External links

• Amazing Dusseldorf City Guide - English language Guide for the city of Düsseldorf
• Wikidus.de The Wiki for Düsseldorf
• Düsseldorf Official English website of the city
• Duesselgo Search engine and portal for the region Düsseldorf with an English range
• Interactive 360° Panoramas of Düsseldorf, with location descriptions
• Düsseldorf 360 - Fullscreen panoramas of Düsseldorf (text currently in Geman only)
• Burrying the Hoppeditz: Carnival in Düsseldorf
• City Panoramas - Panoramic views of Düsseldorf's highlights
• Pictures from central-Düsseldorf