Cumbria

Geography
County Town (Admin HQ)	Carlisle
Status	Ceremonial & Non-metropolitan county
Origin	1974 Local Government Act 1972
Region	North West England
Area - Total - Admin. A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Surface area is the measure of how much exposed Area an object has council	Ranked 3rd 6,768 km² Ranked 2nd
Neighbouring Counties	Lancashire North Yorkshire County Durham Northumberland Dumfries and Galloway Borders
ISO 3166-2	GB-CMA
ONS code	16
NUTS 3	UKD11/12
Demographics
Population - Total (2006 est. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area. See also To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by area Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west Dumfries and Galloway ( Gaelic: Dùn Phris agus an Gall-Ghaidhealaibh, d̪̊unˈfɾʲiʃ aɡ̊əs̪ əŋ ɡ̊auɫ̪ɣəɫ̪əv is one of 32 council areas The Scottish Borders, often referred to simply as the Borders, is one of 32 local government council areas of Scotland. ISO 3166-2GB is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to the United Kingdom. The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating Census and other statistical data The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, ( NUTS) for the French nomenclature d'unités territoriales statistiques, is a Geocode In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology ) - Density - Admin. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different Council	Ranked 41st 496,200 73 / km² Ranked 28th
Ethnicity	96. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Population. This is a list of non-metropolitan counties of England by population. 7% White British 1. 7% White Other 0. 6% S. Asian 0. 5% Mixed Race 0. 2% Chinese 0. 2% Afro-Carib. 0. 1% Other
Politics
Cumbria County Council http://www.cumbria.gov.uk/
Executive	Conservative / Liberal Democrat
Members of Parliament	Tony Cunningham (L) Tim Farron (LD) John Hutton (L) David Maclean (C) Eric Martlew (L) Jamie Reed (L)
Districts
Barrow-in-Furness South Lakeland Copeland Allerdale Eden Carlisle

Cumbria (IPA: /ˈkʌmbriə/) or Cwmbru in Cumbric, is a shire county in the extreme North West of England. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the Composition Graphical representation of the House of Commons This is a comparison of the party strengths in the British House of Commons Thomas Anthony Cunningham, known as Tony Cunningham, (born September 16, 1952) British Labour Politician. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Timothy James Farron (born 27 May 1970) is a British Politician who is the Liberal Democrat member The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the John Matthew Patrick Hutton (born 6 May 1955, London) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the David John MacLean (born 16 May 1953 Scotland) is a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Eric Anthony Martlew (born 3 January 1949, Ince-in-Makerfield, Lancashire) is a politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Jamieson Ronald Reed (born March 14, 1973) is the Labour Member of Parliament for the UK constituency of Copeland, elected The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Barrow-in-Furness is a local government district with borough status in Cumbria, England. South Lakeland is a local government district in Cumbria, England. for the constituency of the same name see Copeland (UK Parliament constituency Copeland is a local government district and Allerdale is a local government district with borough status in Cumbria, England. Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England. Its council is based in Penrith. The City of Carlisle is a local government district with city status in Cumbria, England. A non-metropolitan county or shire county in England, is a county-level entity which is not a Metropolitan county. North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Cumbria came into existence as a county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales The county consists of six districts, and has a total population of 498,800. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology

Cumbria, the third largest ceremonial county in England, is bound to the west by the Irish Sea, to the south by Lancashire, to the southeast by North Yorkshire, and to the east by County Durham and Northumberland. This is a List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area. See also The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west Scotland lies directly to the north. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

A predominantly rural county, Cumbria is home to the Lake District National Park, considered one of the most beautiful areas of the United Kingdom. The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The area has provided inspiration for generations of British and foreign artists, writers and musicians. Much of the county is mountainous, with the highest point of the county (and of England) being Scafell Pike at 978 m (3210 ft). A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak |} At 978 metres (3209 feet Scafell Pike is the highest mountain in England. All the territory in England that is over 3,000 feet above sea level is in Cumbria.

Parts of Hadrian's Wall can be found in the northernmost reaches of the county, in and around Carlisle. Hadrian's Wall ( Latin: perhaps Vallum Aelium, "the Aelian wall" is a stone and turf Fortification built by the Roman Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria.

Contents 1 Boundaries and divisions 2 History 3 Culture 4 Dialect 5 County flag 6 Sport 7 Economy 8 Education 9 Demographics 10 People of interest 11 Places of interest 12 See also 13 References 14 External links

Boundaries and divisions

Cumbria is neighboured by Northumberland, County Durham, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, and the Lieutenancy areas of Dumfries and Roxburgh, Ettrick and Lauderdale in Scotland. Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lord-lieutenants, the monarch 's representatives in Scotland. Dumfries (dəmˈfriːs is a town and former Royal burgh within the Dumfries and Galloway council area of Scotland and is situated close to the Roxburgh Ettrick and Lauderdale ( Rosbrog Eadaraig agus Srath Labhdair in Scottish Gaelic) is a lieutenancy area of Scotland.

The boundaries are along the Irish Sea to Morecambe Bay in the west, and along the Pennines to the east. The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, Morecambe Bay is a large bay in northwest England, nearly due east of the Isle of Man and just to the south of the Lake District National Park The Pennines are a low-rising Mountain range in Northern England and southern Scotland. Cumbria's northern boundary stretches from the Solway Firth from the Solway Plain eastward along the border with Scotland to Northumberland. The Solway Firth is a Firth that forms part of the border between England and Scotland, between Cumbria (including the Solway Plain) and The Solway Plain is a low-lying coastal plain in the northwest of Cumbria, England. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Northumberland is a county in the North East of England. The non-metropolitan county of Northumberland borders Cumbria to the west

It is made up of six districts: Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Copeland, Eden and South Lakeland. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Allerdale is a local government district with borough status in Cumbria, England. Barrow-in-Furness is a local government district with borough status in Cumbria, England. The City of Carlisle is a local government district with city status in Cumbria, England. for the constituency of the same name see Copeland (UK Parliament constituency Copeland is a local government district and Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England. Its council is based in Penrith. South Lakeland is a local government district in Cumbria, England. For many administrative purposes Cumbria is divided into 3 areas - East, West and South. East being the districts of Carlisle and Eden, West - Allerdale and Copeland and South Lakeland and Barrow making up South Cumbria.

In January 2007, Cumbria County Council voted in favour of an official bid to scrap the current two-tier system of county and district councils in favour of a new unitary Cumbria Council, to be submitted for consideration to the Department for Communities and Local Government. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The Department for Communities and Local Government (branded as Communities and Local Government) is the United Kingdom government department for communities ^[1]. This was then rejected.

The county returns six Members of Parliament to the House of Commons, representing the constituencies of Carlisle, Penrith & The Border, Workington, Copeland, Westmorland and Lonsdale and Barrow & Furness. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The House of Commons' is the Lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords Carlisle is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Penrith and The Border is a County constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Copeland is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Westmorland and Lonsdale is a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Barrow and Furness (previously Barrow-in-Furness) is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom

History

Main article: History of Cumbria

The county of Cumbria was created in 1974. The history of Cumbria as a county of England begins with the Local Government Act 1972. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales It was a combination of the area of the administrative counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, the Cumberland county borough of Carlisle, along with the North Lonsdale or Furness part of Lancashire (including the county borough of Barrow-in-Furness), and from the West Riding of Yorkshire, the Sedbergh Rural District. Administrative counties were a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government from 1889 to 1974 Cumberland is one of the 39 Historic counties of England. It formed an administrative county from 1889 to 1974 (excluding Carlisle from 1915 and now forms part of Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria. Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. The West Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three historic subdivisions of Yorkshire, England. Sedbergh Rural District was a Rural district in the West Riding of Yorkshire in England from 1894 to its abolition in 1974. The name "Cumbria" has been used for the territory for centuries.

Following the creation of Cumbria as a non-metropolitan county, some people, particularly those born or brought up in the area, continue to refer to some parts of Cumbria as part of the ancient county boundaries; this includes the Furness area as a part of Lancashire, and the Kendal and surrounding area as a part of Westmorland. The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea Kendal is a Market town and Civil parish within the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England. Westmorland (formerly also spelt Westmoreland, an even older spelling is Westmerland) is an area of north-west England and one of the 39 Historic counties

Local papers The Westmorland Gazette and Cumberland and Westmorland Herald are continue to be named on this pre-1974 county basis. Others, including local government, promotional material for the area, the Lake District National Park Authority, and most visitors describe the area as being in "Cumbria". The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. A MORI poll in the county found 79% of those polled identified "very strongly" or "strongly" to Cumbria throughout the county, but dropping to 55% and 71% in Barrow and South Lakeland districts, which incorporate part of historic Lancashire. ^[2]

Culture

Cumbria as an English county on the border with Scotland has faced repeated invasion. Resisting such attacks and many attempts by the Kingdom of Scotland to annex it has given Cumbria a strong sense of pride and a very strong Northern English culture, shared with its neighboring counties, particularly Lancashire and Northumberland.

The culture of the area was predominantly Celtic until fairly late after the annexation by the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria (see Rheged), and the name for the area derives from its name in the Cumbric language. Celts (ˈkɛlts or /ˈsɛlts/, see Names of the Celts The Angles is a modern English word for a Germanic-speaking people who took their name from the cultural ancestral region of Angeln, a modern district located in Rheged IPA r̥ɛgɛd was a Brythonic kingdom of Sub-Roman Britain, whose inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a dialect of Brythonic closely related Cumbric was the Brythonic Celtic language, often considered to be a Dialect of Welsh, spoken in Northern England and southern It is etymologically connected to the Welsh term Cymru, meaning "Land of brothers", which is now used as the Welsh name for Wales itself. Welsh ( cy Cymraeg or cy y Gymraeg, kəmˈrɑːɨɡ and {{IPA|[ə ɡəmˈrɑːɨɡ]}}, is a member of the Brythonic branch of Celtic The Cumbric language has been extinct since about the 11th century.

Cumbria also had very strong links with Norse culture due to Viking invasions, evidenced particularly by the genetics of the local population. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Studies have shown that the county of Cumbria has one of the most striking signs of Scandinavian genetics in England.

Dialect

The Cumbrian dialect is spoken throughout the region. Not to be confused with the Celtic Cumbric language The Cumbrian dialect is a local Dialect spoken in the English county There is quite a large variation in accent and words, especially between north and south and west coast.

Many of the traditional dialect words are remnants of Norse settlement, with Norwegian settlers probably arriving in Cumbria in the 10th century via Ireland and the Isle of Man. Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin ˈɛlʲən ˈvanɪn or Mann (Mannin) is a self-governing Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical

County flag

Although there is no official county flag for Cumbria, there is the heraldic crest commissioned by Cumbria County Council (see Politics above, on the right). There have been several flags suggested over the years, the most recent being this one.

Other flags previously suggested include ones based upon:
- White cross on blue background (similar to the Cornish flag, or a Scottish flag rotated through 45%)
- the old Cumberland and Westmorland flags

Sport

Carlisle United are the only professional football team in Cumbria and currently play in League One (3rd Tier in the English football pyramid). Carlisle United FC are an English football team based in Carlisle, Cumbria, play in the Football League One this season after gaining They attract support from across Cumbria and beyond, with many Cumbrian "ex-pats" travelling to see their games, both home and away. Whilst home attendances are usually 7,000 to 10,000, the away support is often 1,000 to 2,000. This is one of the highest proportions of away-home support in England.

Barrow A.F.C. and Workington Reds are well supported non-league teams, having both been relegated from the Football League in the 1970s, with Barrow being one of the best supported non-league football teams in the UK. Barrow AFC are a football team based in the town of Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria, England. Workington AFC are an English football club from Workington, Cumbria. Non-League football is football in England played at a level below that of the Premier League and The Football League. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Recently Workington Reds have made a rapid rise up the non league ladder and in 2007/08 competed with Barrow in the Conference North (Tier 6). Workington AFC are an English football club from Workington, Cumbria. Barrow were then promoted to the Blue Square Premier (Tier 5) in 2007/08.

Rugby league is a very popular sport in West Cumbria. History See also History of rugby league The grass roots of rugby league can be traced to early football history, through the playing of ball games Whitehaven RLFC, Workington Town and Barrow Raiders all compete in the National Leagues. Whitehaven RLFC is a Rugby league team playing in Whitehaven in West Cumbria. Workington Town is a Rugby league team playing in Workington in West Cumbria. Barrow Raiders are a British Rugby league team from Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria. Media Some games are shown on Sky Sports, games involving Celtic Crusaders are shown on Welsh-language channel S4C. Carlisle RLFC played in the national competitions between 1981 and 1997, Carlisle today has Carlisle Centurions in the Rugby League Conference. Carlisle RLFC were a Rugby league team based in Carlisle, Cumbria. The Rugby League Conference (RLC (also known as the Co-operative Rugby League Conference as a result of sponsorship from the Co-operative Group, is a series of regionally There are amateur BARLA teams playing in the National Conference, notablely Wath Brow Hornets and Millom as well as a Cumberland League and Barrow & District League. The British Amateur Rugby League Association ( BARLA) is the governing body for social and recreational Rugby league in the United Kingdom. The National Conference League is the top league in the pyramid of amateur Rugby leagues run by the British Amateur Rugby League Association (BARLA Millom RLFC is an Amateur Rugby league club based in the town of Millom in Cumbria. The Cumberland League is a series of Rugby league divisions in the traditional county of Cumberland. The Barrow & District League is a series of Rugby league divisions in and around Barrow-in-Furness.

Rugby union is very popular in the east of the county with teams such as Carlisle RUFC, Kendal RUFC, Kirkby Lonsdale RUFC, Keswick RUFC, Upper Eden RUFC and Penrith RUFC (who have recently been promoted to the National Leagues) competing in many local and national competitions. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short

Cumberland County Cricket Club is one of the cricket clubs that constitute the Minor Counties in the English domestic cricket structure. Cumberland County Cricket Club is one of the county clubs which make up the Minor Counties in the English domestic Cricket structure representing Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries The minor counties are the Cricketing counties of England and Wales that are not afforded first class status England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The club, based in Carlisle, competes in the Minor Counties Championship and the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria. The Minor Counties Cricket Championship is a season-long competition in England that is competed for by those county cricket clubs that do not have first-class status The Minor Counties Cricket Association Knockout Cup was started in 1983 as a knockout one-day competition for the Minor Counties in English cricket. The club also play some home matches in Workington, as well as other locations. Http//uploadwikimediaorg/wikipedia/en/a/ab/Workingtonjpg Workington is a town and port on the west coast of Cumbria, England at the mouth of the

Wrestling

Main article: Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling

Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling is an ancient and well-practised tradition in the county with a strong resemblance to Scottish Backhold. Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling also known as Cumbrian Wrestling is an ancient and well-practised tradition in Cumbria. Scottish Backhold is a style of Wrestling originating in Scotland.

In the 21st century Cumberland and Westmorland wrestling along with other aspects of Lakeland culture are practised at the Grasmere Sports and Show, an annual meeting held every year since 1852 on the August Bank Holiday. A bank holiday is a Public holiday in the United Kingdom and also in the Republic of Ireland.

The origin of this form of wrestling is a matter of debate, with some describing it as having evolved from Norse wrestling brought over by Viking invaders,^[3][4] while other historians associate it with the Cornish and Gouren styles^[5] indicating that it may have developed out of a longer-standing Celtic tradition. Cornish wrestling is a form of Wrestling similar to Judo, which has been established in Cornwall (South West of the UK for several centuries Gouren is a style of Wrestling which has been established in Brittany for several centuries ^[6]

Economy

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added (GVA) of East Cumbria at current basic prices published (pp. Gross Value Added or GVA is a measure in Economics of the value of goods and services produced in an area or sector of an Economy. 240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

Year	Regional Gross Value Added[7]	Agriculture[8]	Industry[9]	Services[10]
1995	2,679	148	902	1,629
2000	2,843	120	809	1,914
2003	3,388	129	924	2,335

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of West Cumbria at current basic prices published (pp. 240-253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.

Year	Regional Gross Value Added[7]	Agriculture[8]	Industry[9]	Services[10]
1995	2,246	63	1,294	888
2000	2,415	53	1,212	1,150
2003	2,870	60	1,420	1,390

Education

Although Cumbria has a comprehensive system almost in toto, it has one state grammar school in Penrith. There are 42 state secondary schools and 10 independent schools. The more rural secondary schools tend to have sixth forms though in Barrow-in-Furness district no school except Chetwynde School (Independent) has a sixth form, and this is the same for three schools in Allerdale and South Lakeland, and one in the other districts. The sixth form, in the English, Welsh and Northern Irish education systems Commonwealth West Indian countries such as Barbados, Belize

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Cumbria

Cumbria's largest settlement and only city, in the north of the county, is Carlisle, with the largest town, Barrow-in-Furness being slightly smaller. The British County of Cumbria is located in North West England and has a population of 496200 (making it the 41st most populated county Carlisle (pronounced CARLYLE(emphasis on the first syllable is a City in northern England the largest settlement in Cumbria. Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and Seaport in Cumbria, England. The county's population is largely rural, being the third least dense county in England and with well only five towns having a population of over 20,000 people. Cumbria is one of the country's least ethnically diverse counties, with 96% of the population being indigenous White British (around 480,000 of the 500,000 Cumbrians), however the larger town's have an ethnic makeup that is closer to national average, and Cumbria's ethnic minority population is increasing twice as fast as England's average. " White British " was a racially -based classification used by the 2001 census. The largest religion in Cumbria by far is Christianity followed by Buddhism and Islam - see here for more information. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. The British County of Cumbria is located in North West England and has a population of 496200 (making it the 41st most populated county

People of interest

• List of people from Carlisle
• List of people from Barrow-in-Furness
• List of people from Kendal

Places of interest

See also: List of castles in Cumbria
See also: List of historic houses in Cumbria
See also: List of Museums in Cumbria

Abbot Hall Art Gallery Bassenthwaite Lake Bewcastle Black Combe Blackwell, The Arts & Crafts House Brantwood Brough Castle Brougham Castle Brougham Hall Broughton in Furness Brougham Castle Buttermere Cartmel Priory Carlisle Castle Carlisle Cathedral Castlerigg Stone Circle Cockermouth, "Gem" Town Coniston Water Crummock Water Cumbria Coastal Way long distance footpath Cumbria Way long distance footpath Dales Way long distance footpath Dalton Castle Derwent Water Dock Museum Egremont Castle Eden Valley Railway – heritage railway Ennerdale Water Fell Foot Park Firbank Fell Fisher Tarn Reservoir Furness Furness Abbey Haig Colliery Mining Museum Harrison Stickle Hadrian's Wall Paul Lomas (Lambs) Hartley Castle Haweswater Hawkshead Grammar School Museum Hoad Monument

Hodbarrow Nature Reserve Holker Hall Kendal Castle Kentmere Killington Reservoir Kirkby Lonsdale Lakeside & Haverthwaite Railway Langwathby station and Brief Encounters Cafe Windermere (the lake) Lanercost Priory Laurel & Hardy Museum Levens Hall The former site of the Beast Banks post office in Longsleddale. This is a list of notable people who were born in or have been residents of the town of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. Kendal is a Market town and Civil parish within the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England. Ade Gardner (born June 26 1983) is a Rugby league player from Barrow-in-Furness in Cumbria. Phil Jackson is a former Great Britain rugby league captain and centre as well as a Barrow club legend Nella Last (née Nellie Lord 4 October 1889 &ndash 22 June 1968) was a housewife who lived in Barrow-in-Furness, Jimmy Lewthwaite ( 10 November, 1920 - 23 December, 2006) who was born in Broughton Road Cleator Moor, Cumberland, was a Harold Hadley ( 26 October 1877 in Barrow-in-Furness – 12 September 1942 in West Bromwich) was an English professional Willie Horne (born 23rd January 1922 in Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire, died 25 March 2001 was an English Rugby league footballer Nigel Kneale (18 April 1922 &ndash 29 October 2006 was a Manx writer who worked mostly in the United Kingdom. Ian Clifford McDonald (born May 10 1953 in Barrow-in-Furness, England) is a former English footballer. Frank McPherson (born May 14, 1901 -1953 was an English football player Vic Metcalfe (born 1922 in Barrow-in-Furness) was a Professional footballer who played as a Midfielder for Huddersfield Town Dave Myers ( from Barrow-in-Furness) and Si King ( from Washington Tyne and Wear) collectively known as The Hairy Bikers Jack Anthony Pelter (born July 30, 1987 in Barrow in Furness, England) is a footballer who plays as Centre back and Peter Purves (born February 10, 1939) is an English Actor and Television presenter. Constance Spry ( December 5 1886 - January 3 1960) was a famous British Florist and Author in the mid-20th century Michael Gary Stevens (born in Barrow-in-Furness, England, 27 March 1963) is a retired English footballer who shot to fame Dame Stella Rimington, DCB (born May 1935) was the Director-General (DG of MI5 from 1992 Thomas Round (born October 18 1915) is a retired English Opera singer and Actor, best known for his performances in the Tenor Adam Wayne Roynon (born 30 August 1988 in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria) is a speedway rider in the United Kingdom, Karen Taylor (born 29 June 1976 in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria) is an English Comedian. Keith Tyson (b August 23, 1969) is a British Turner Prize -winning artist Leonard Litton Wilkinson (born November 5, 1916, Northwich, Cheshire, died September 3, 2002, Barrow-in-Furness Aim (born Andrew Turner is a British musician DJ and producer, who was born in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria. Sir John Barrow 1st Baronet, FRS, FRGS, LLD ( June 19, 1764 &ndash November 23, 1848) was an English Sir Christian John Storey Bonington, CBE (born 6 August 1934 in Hampstead, London) is an British Mountaineer Donald Malcolm Campbell, CBE ( 23 March 1921 &ndash 4 January 1967) was a British car and Motorboat Glenn Cornick (born Glenn Douglas Barnard Cornick 24 April 1947, in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria) was the bespectacled first Bass guitar Wayne Curtis (born 6 March 1980 in Barrow-in-Furness) is an English Football striker. Steve Dixon (born in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria) is an English newsreader who currently works for Sky News Maurice Gerald Flitcroft ( 23 November, 1929 – 24 March, 2007) was an audacious British amateur golfer and a hoaxer Melvyn Baron Bragg, FRSL, FRTS (born 6 October 1939) is a British author and broadcaster British Sea Power are a four-man Indie rock band based in Brighton, England, although three of the band come originally from Kendal in Fletcher Christian ( September 25, 1764 &ndash October 3, 1793) was a Master's Mate on board the ''Bounty'' during Lady Anne Clifford ( January 30 1590 &ndash March 22 1676) was the only surviving child of George Clifford 3rd Earl of Cumberland Mark John "Frank" Cueto (born December 26 1979 in Workington, Cumbria) is an English international Rugby union Samuel Taylor Coleridge ( 21 October 1772 &ndash 25 July 1834) was an English Poet, Critic and philosopher John Dalton FRS (6 September 1766 &ndash 27 July 1844 was an English Chemist, Meteorologist and Physicist. Thomas de Quincey (15 August 1785 &ndash 8 December 1859 was an English author and intellectual best known for his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater Douglas Ferreira, OBE, (1929 - 2003 was the longest serving General Manager of the Ravenglass & Eskdale Railway, a heritage railway in Cumbria England known as Margaret Fell or Margaret Fox ( 1614 - April 23, 1702) was one of the founding members of the Religious Society of Friends, and was Sarah Hall is a young British Novelist and Poet. Her critically-acclaimed second novel The Electric Michelangelo, was nominated for the Booker Prize Willie Horne (born 23rd January 1922 in Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire, died 25 March 2001 was an English Rugby league footballer Francis Howgill ( 1618 - November 20, 1668) was a prominent early member of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers in England. Emlyn Walter Hughes, OBE ( 28 August 1947 &ndash 9 November 2004) was an English footballer who captained Thomas Henry Ismay ( 7 January 1837 &ndash 23 November 1899) was the founder of the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company more commonly known Stan Laurel (born Arthur Stanley Jefferson; June 16, 1890 &ndash February 23, 1965) was an English comic actor writer Hugh Cecil Lowther 5th Earl of Lonsdale, KG, GCVO ( 25 January 1857 – 13 April 1944) was an English Nobleman Fell running, also known as mountain running and hill running, is the sport of Running and racing off road over upland country where the gradient climbed Norman Cornthwaite Nicholson OBE, ( January 8 1914 – May 30 1987) was an English poet known for his association with the Cumberland Traditional story Ninian is first mentioned by Bede, in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People (book III chapter 4 Catherine Parr ( c 1512 &ndash 5 September 1548 also known as Katherine or Katharine Parr(e, was the last of the six wives of Henry John Peel (1776? - 13 November 1854) was a British huntsman and is the subject of the 18th century Song D'ye ken John Peel Sir James Ramsden (1822 &ndash 19 October 1896) was a British Civil engineer, Industrialist, and civic leader, who played Canon Hardwicke Drummond Rawnsley (born on September 29, 1851 at Shiplake near Henley-on-Thames, died in 1920 at Grasmere, Cumbria George Romney ( December 26, 1734 – November 15, 1802) Public collections of works Abbot Hall Art Gallery (Kendal John Ruskin (8 February 1819 &ndash 20 January 1900 is best known for his work as an Art critic, sage writer, and Social critic, but is remembered Charles Montagu Slater ( 23 September, 1902 &ndash 19 December, 1956) was an English Poet, novelist, Playwright Richard T Slone (born 1974) is an English painter who has established himself as one of the world’s most sought-after up and coming artists a multi-award Robert Southey ( August 12, 1774 &ndash March 21, 1843) was an English Poet of the Romantic school one Michael Gary Stevens (born in Barrow-in-Furness, England, 27 March 1963) is a retired English footballer who shot to fame Stuart Stockdale is an English Fashion designer, born in Carlisle, Cumbria. Edward Troughton (October 1753 &ndash June 12 1835) was a British instrument maker born in Corney Cumberland who was notable for making Telescopes Keith Tyson (b August 23, 1969) is a British Turner Prize -winning artist Josefina Alys Hermes de Vasconcellos ( 26 October 1904 &ndash 20 July 2005) was an English sculptor of Brazilian origin Alfred ("A" Wainwright MBE (17 January 1907 &ndash 20 January 1991 was a British hillwalker, guidebook Author and Illustrator Ernest Jackson Lawson Soulsby Baron Soulsby of Swaffham Prior (born 23 June 1926) is a distinguished microbiologist and parasitologist. John "Iron-Mad" Wilkinson (1728 &ndash 1808 was an English Industrialist who suggested the use of Cast iron for many roles where other Dorothy Mae Ann Wordsworth ( December 25, 1771 – January 25, 1855) was an English Author, Poet and Karen Taylor (born 29 June 1976 in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria) is an English Comedian. John Burgess may refer to John Burgess (political scientist, American political scientist John Burgess (TV host, Australian television Abbeys and priories in England lists Abbeys priories, friaries and other Monastic religious houses in England. This is a list of amusement parks which are or were based in the UK This page lists Castles in England. Bedfordshire Berkshire Bristol A country park is an area designated for people to visit and enjoy recreation in a countryside environment English Heritage is a Non-departmental public body of the United Kingdom government ( Department for Culture Media and Sport) with a broad remit of The Forestry Commission (established in 1919 is a Non-ministerial government department responsible for Forestry in Great Britain. A heritage railway ( United Kingdom) preserved railway ( United Kingdom) or tourist railroad ( United States and Canada) is a Historic houses in England is a link page for any Stately home, Country house or other Historic house in England. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales The following is a partial list of zoological gardens ( Zoos: Africa Algeria Algiers Zoo Oran Zoo This page lists Castles in England. Bedfordshire Berkshire Bristol Historic houses in England is a link page for any Stately home, Country house or other Historic house in England. Museums in England is a link page for any Museum in England by ceremonial county. Abbot Hall Art Gallery is a museum and gallery in Kendal, England Bassenthwaite Lake is one of the largest Lakes in the Lake District of England. Bewcastle is a large Civil parish in the City of Carlisle district of Cumbria, England. Black Combe is a Fell in the far south of the English Lake District, just four Miles from the Irish Sea. Blackwell (built 1898-1900 by Baillie Scott) is an example of British domestic architecture at the turn of the 20th century This article is about the house in Cumbria for the Belfast football club see Brantwood F Brough Castle is a ruined Castle in the village of Brough Cumbria ( England. Brougham Castle is about 2 miles to the south-east of Penrith, Cumbria ( Brougham Hall is located in the village of Brougham, Penrith, Cumbria, England. Broughton-in-Furness is a small Town on the southern boundary of England 's Lake District National Park. Brougham Castle is about 2 miles to the south-east of Penrith, Cumbria ( Buttermere is a Lake in the north-west of the English Lake District. Cartmel Priory, at Cartmel, Cumbria, England, is a Priory founded in 1190 by William Marshal, later 1st Earl of Pembroke Carlisle Castle is situated in the historic city of Carlisle, Cumbria in England. Carlisle Cathedral is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Carlisle, in Cumbria, in England. Castlerigg Stone Circle (alt Keswick Carles, Carles, Carsles or Castle-rig) near Keswick in England is one of the Cockermouth is a town within the Allerdale borough of Cumbria, England, and is so named because it is at the confluence of the River Cocker Coniston Water (usually simply called Coniston locally in Cumbria, England is the third largest lake in the English Lake District. Crummock Water is a Lake in the Lake District in Cumbria, England situated between Buttermere to the south and Loweswater There is also a Cumbria Way. The Cumbria Coastal Way (CCW is a long distance footpath allowing users to travel from Cumbria's Long-distance trails (or long-distance tracks paths footpaths or Greenways are the longer recreational right-of-way routes mainly through rural areas used for non-motorised The Cumbria Way is a linear Long distance footpath in Cumbria, England passing through the towns of Coniston and Keswick. Long-distance trails (or long-distance tracks paths footpaths or Greenways are the longer recreational right-of-way routes mainly through rural areas used for non-motorised The Dales Way is an 84-mile (135 km Long Distance Footpath in Northern England, from (south east to north west Ilkley, West Yorkshire Long-distance trails (or long-distance tracks paths footpaths or Greenways are the longer recreational right-of-way routes mainly through rural areas used for non-motorised Dalton Castle is a 14th-century Peel tower situated in Dalton-in-Furness, Cumbria, England, and in the ownership of the National Trust Not to be confused with Derwent Reservoir in Derbyshire Derwent Water (or Derwentwater) is one of the principal bodies of water in the The Dock Museum is situated in the British town of Barrow-in-Furness ( Cumbria) Egremont Castle was in the town of Egremont, Cumbria. ( The original castle was built on a mound above the River Ehen on the site of a Dane fort by The Eden Valley Railway was a railway in Cumbria, England. It ran between Penrith and Kirkby Stephen via Appleby, A heritage railway ( United Kingdom) preserved railway ( United Kingdom) or tourist railroad ( United States and Canada) is a Ennerdale Water is the most westerly lake in the Lake District National park in Cumbria, northern England. Fell Foot Park is a Victorian Country park situated beside Lake Windermere in Ulverston, Cumbria, England, and in the ownership Firbank Fell is a hill in Westmorland between the towns of Kendal and Sedbergh that is renowned as a place where George Fox, an early leader Furness (ˈfɘˑnəs is a Peninsula in the southern part of Cumbria, in north-west England. Furness Abbey, or St Mary of Furness is a former Cistercian Monastery situated on the outskirts of the Cumbrian town Barrow-in-Furness Haig Colliery Mining Museum is a rapidly growing visitor attraction situated high on the cliffs above Whitehaven in Cumbria, with magnificent views across the Harrison Stickle is a Fell in the central part of the English Lake District, situated above Great Langdale. Hadrian's Wall ( Latin: perhaps Vallum Aelium, "the Aelian wall" is a stone and turf Fortification built by the Roman Hartley Castle was a Castle near Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria.The manor was confiscated circa 1315 from Roger de Clifford and granted to Andrew Haweswater is a Reservoir in the English Lake District built in the valley of Mardale in the county of Cumbria. The museum operates in the old Hawkshead Grammar School building from April through to October Hoad Monument is a 100 ft (305 m tower at the top of Hoad Hill (436 ft/133 m to the north-east of Ulverston in the Furness area of north-west England Hodbarrow Nature Reserve is on the edge of the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England. Holker Hall is a Country house with a celebrated garden situated on the Cartmel Peninsula, which was historically part of the county of Lancashire Kendal Castle is situated on a mound-like hill known as a Drumlin, to the east of the town of Kendal, Cumbria, in northern England. Kentmere Valley ( is situated in the Lake District National Park, a few miles from Kendal, Cumbria, England. Killington Beck is a stream or beck in Cumbria, England about 15 km long Kirkby Lonsdale is a small Town in Cumbria, England, on the River Lune. The Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway is a Heritage railway in Cumbria, England. Windermere is the largest natural Lake in England. It has been one of the country’s most popular places for holidays and summer homes since 1847 when the Kendal Lanercost Priory was founded in 1165 AD to house Augustinian Canons. Levens Hall is a Manor house in the county of Cumbria in northern England. Longsleddale is a valley in eastern Cumbria. The hamlet of Sadgill is situated in the valley Millom Millom Folk Museum Museum of Lakeland Life National Nature Reserves in Cumbria Pennine Way long distance footpath Penrith Castle Piel Island Quaker tapestry, Kendal RAF Millom Museum Ravenglass & Eskdale Railway – heritage railway Rheged Rydal Water Seathwaite Tarn Sellafield Nuclear Reprocessing Facility Silecroft Sizergh Castle & Garden South Lakes Wild Animal Park Staveley Swarthmoor Hall Thirlmere Ullswater Ulverston Vickerstown Wast Water Whitehaven Whinfell Forest Windermere Steamboat Museum

See also

• Anglo-Scottish border
• Etymology of Cumbrian Place Names
• Cumbrian dialect

References

External links

• Official Tourist Board Website
• Cumbria Tourist and Historical Website
• BBC Cumbria Digital Lives Project
• Carlisle Diocese (Church of England)
• The Kirkby Lonsdale Show
• The Museum of Lakeland Life Website

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