Citizendia

For other uses, see Cree (disambiguation).
Cree
Nehiyaw camp near Vermilion, Alberta
Total population

over 200,000

Regions with significant populations
Canada, United States
Languages
Cree, English, French
Related ethnic groups
Métis, Oji-Cree, Ojibwe

Cree is an exonym applied to various peoples indigenous to North America, namely the Nehiyaw, Nehithaw, Nehilaw, Nehinaw, Ininiw, Ililiw, Iynu, and Iyyu. Vermilion is a town in Vermilion River County, Central Alberta, Canada. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Cree (also known as Cree-Montagnais Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi is the name for a group of closely-related Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 117000 people across English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people A Métis is a person born to parents who belong to different groups defined by visible physical differences regarded as racial or the descendant of such persons The Oji-Cree, Anishinini (plural Anishininiwag) or less correctly Severn Ojibwe, are a First Nation in the Canadian provinces of The Ojibwa or Chippewa (also Ojibwe, Ojibway, Chippeway) is the largest group of Native Americans - First Nations An exonym (from Greek el ἔξω exo = out el ὄνομα onoma = name is a name for a place that is not used within that place by the local The Innu are the indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of what other Canadians refer to as eastern Quebec These peoples can be divided into two major groups, those that identify themselves using a derivative of their historical appellation Nehilâw and those identifying themselves using the word "person", historically Iliniw. Both groups share a common ancestry but are now divided mainly along linguistic lines. Those residing west of the Ontario border (except for one group residing in Quebec mistakenly called Attikamek but who self-identify as Nehiraw) all the way to the Rocky Mountains tend to refer to themselves using the first name, historically "Nehilaw". Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk The Atikamekw are the indigenous inhabitants of the area they refer to as Nitaskinan ("Our Land" in the upper St Mountain peaks of the Rocky Mountains The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a Mountain range in western North America. The second group includes all the groups east of James Bay use the historical term for man "Iliniw" are were mistakenly called Montagnais and Naskapi as well as Cree. James Bay (Baie James is a large body of water on the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada.

Both major groups speak languages of the Algonquin language family. For the larger language family of which Algonquin is but one member see Algonqu'''ia'''n. There is a major division between both groups however, in that the Eastern group palatalizes the sound /k/ when it precedes front vowels. Palatalization or palatalisation (ˌpælətəlɨˈzeɪʃən generally refers to two phenomena As a process or the result of a process There is also a major difference in grammatical vocabulary (particles) between the groups. Within both groups however, there is variation around the pronunciation of the Proto-Algonquian phoneme *l, which can be realized as /l/, /r/, /y/, /n/, or /th/ by different groups. Proto-Algonquian (commonly abbreviated PA) is the name given to the posited Proto-language of the languages of the Algonquian family. The phoneME project is Sun Microsystems reference implementation of Java virtual machine and associated libraries of Java ME with source licensed under the GNU

The rest of the article will focus on the western group, the group usually referred to when the misnomer 'Cree' is used.

Skilled buffalo hunters and horsemen, the Cree were allied to the Assiniboine of the Sioux before encountering English, Scottish (especially Orcadian) and French settlers in the 16th century. The American bison ( Bison bison) is a Bovine Mammal, also commonly known as the American buffalo. The Assiniboine, also known by the Ojibwe name Asiniibwaan "Stone Sioux" and the Cree as Asinîpwât are a Siouan Sioux (pronounced SUE are a Native American and First Nations people Orkney (also known as the Orkney Islands or incorrectly the Orkneys) is an Archipelago in northern Scotland, situated 10 miles (16 km north

Presently, the remaining Cree in the United States live on the Rocky Boy Indian Reservation which is shared with the Chippewa. The Rocky Boy Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation of the Chippewa-Cree Tribe located in the U The Ojibwa or Chippewa (also Ojibwe, Ojibway, Chippeway) is the largest group of Native Americans - First Nations

Contents

In Canada

Nehiyaw Girl (1928).
Nehiyaw Girl (1928).

The Cree are the largest group of First Nations in Canada, with over 200,000 members and 135 registered bands. First Nations is a term of Ethnicity that refers to the Aboriginal peoples in Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis people [1] This large number may be due to the Cree's traditional openness to inter-tribal marriage. Together, their reserve lands are the largest of any First Nations group in the country. [1] The largest Cree band and the second largest First Nations Band in Canada after the Six Nations Iroquois is the Lac La Ronge Band in northern Saskatchewan. The Iroquois Confederacy (also known as the "League of Peace and Power" the "Five Nations" the "Six Nations" or the "People of the Longhouse Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276

The Métis (from French Métis - any person of mixed ancestry. The Métis are descendants of marriages of Cree, Ojibway Algonquin, Saulteaux, and Menominee aboriginals to Europeans, ) are people of mixed ancestry such as Nehiyaw (or Anishinabe) and French, English, or Scottish heritage. Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. According to the Canadian Government's Indian and Northern Affairs, the Metis were historically the children of French fur traders and Nehiyaw women or, from unions of English or Scottish traders and Northern Dene women (Anglo-Métis). The Dene ( Dené) are an aboriginal group of First Nations who live in the northern boreal and Arctic regions of Canada. A 19th Century community of the Métis people of Canada, the Anglo-Métis, more commonly known as Countryborn, were children of the fur trade typically It is now generally accepted though in academic circles that the term Métis can be used to refer to any combination of persons of mixed Native American and European heritage. A Métis is a person born to parents who belong to different groups defined by visible physical differences regarded as racial or the descendant of such persons Although, historical definitions for Metis remain. Canada's Indian and Northern Affairs specifically but broadly define Metis to be those persons of mixed First Nation and European ancestry.

Cree First Nations

A Nehiyaw woman (right)
A Nehiyaw woman (right)

Notable Cree

Mähsette Kuiuab, chief of the Cree indians
Mähsette Kuiuab, chief of the Cree indians

See: Cree people

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Source: Canadian Geographic

Sacred Legends of the Sandy Lake Cree. The James Bay Cree hydroelectric conflict refers to the resistance by James Bay Cree to the James Bay Hydroelectric Project and the Quebec Government A Métis is a person born to parents who belong to different groups defined by visible physical differences regarded as racial or the descendant of such persons Michif (also Mitchif, Mechif, Michif-Cree, Métif, Métchif, French Cree) is the Language of the Métis Cree (also known as Cree-Montagnais Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi is the name for a group of closely-related Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 117000 people across Cree syllabics, found in two primary forms are the versions of Canadian Aboriginal syllabics that are used to write Cree dialects. The Politics of Saskatchewan are part of the Canadian federal political system along with the other Canadian provinces. The Innu are the indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of what other Canadians refer to as eastern Quebec Canadian Geographic is the bimonthly magazine of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society (RCGS James R. Stevens, McClelland and Stewart Ltd, 1971

External links

Dictionary

Cree

-proper noun

  1. An aboriginal nation of North America.
  2. Any of a group of Algonquian languages spoken by this people.
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