| Bone: coracoid process | |
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| Left scapula. In Anatomy, the scapula, omo, or shoulder blade, is the Bone that connects the Humerus (arm bone with the Clavicle (collar Lateral view. (Coracoid process labeled at upper left. ) | |
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| The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints, and the proper ligaments of the scapula. (Coracoid process visible at center. ) | |
| Latin | processus coracoideus |
| Gray's | subject #50 207 |
| Dorlands / Elsevier | p_34/12667398 |
The coracoid process is a small hook-like structure that comes off the scapula to point forward. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Introduction ( classes Long bones body or Diaphysis Medullary canal Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group In Anatomy, a process ( Latin: processus) is a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body In Anatomy, the scapula, omo, or shoulder blade, is the Bone that connects the Humerus (arm bone with the Clavicle (collar
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Attachments
It is the site of attachment for several structures:
- The pectoralis minor muscle - to 3rd to 5th ribs. The Pectoralis minor is a thin triangular muscle situated at the upper part of the Chest, beneath the Pectoralis major. In Vertebrate Anatomy, ribs ( Latin costae) are the long curved Bones which form the ribcage.
- The short head of biceps brachii muscle - to Radial tuberosity. In Human anatomy, the biceps brachii is a Muscle located on the upper Arm. Beneath the neck of the radius, on the medial side is an eminence the radial tuberosity; its surface is divided into a posterior rough portion, for
- The coracobrachialis muscle - to medial humerus. The Coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the Coracoid process of the Scapula. The humerus is a Long bone in the Arm or Forelimb that runs from the Shoulder to the Elbow.
- The coracoclavicular ligament - to the clavicle. The Coracoclavicular Ligament serves to connect the Clavicle with the Coracoid process of the scapula (It is formed by the conoid ligament and trapezoid ligament. The Conoid Ligament, the posterior and medial fasciculus is a dense band of fibers conical in form with its base directed upward The trapezoid ligament, the anterior and lateral fasciculus is broad thin and quadrilateral it is placed obliquely between the coracoid process and the clavicle )
- The coracoacromial ligament - to the acromion
Structure
The coracoid process is a thick curved process attached by a broad base to the upper part of the neck of the scapula; it runs at first upward and medialward; then, becoming smaller, it changes its direction, and projects forward and lateralward. The Coracoacromial Ligament is a strong triangular band extending between the Coracoid process and the Acromion. The acromion process, or simply the acromion (from Greek akros, "highest" ōmos, "shoulder" is an anatomical feature
The ascending portion, flattened from before backward, presents in front a smooth concave surface, across which the Subscapularis passes. The Subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the Subscapular fossa.
The horizontal portion is flattened from above downward; its upper surface is convex and irregular, and gives attachment to the Pectoralis minor; its under surface is smooth; its medial and lateral borders are rough; the former gives attachment to the Pectoralis minor and the latter to the coracoacromial ligament; the apex is embraced by the conjoined tendon of origin of the Coracobrachialis and short head of the Biceps brachii and gives attachment to the coracoclavicular fascia. The Pectoralis minor is a thin triangular muscle situated at the upper part of the Chest, beneath the Pectoralis major. The Coracoacromial Ligament is a strong triangular band extending between the Coracoid process and the Acromion. The Coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the Coracoid process of the Scapula. In Human anatomy, the biceps brachii is a Muscle located on the upper Arm. The clavipectoral fascia ( costocoracoid membrane; coracoclavicular fascia) is a strong Fascia situated under cover of the clavicular portion of the
On the medial part of the root of the coracoid process is a rough impression for the attachment of the conoid ligament; and running from it obliquely forward and lateralward, on to the upper surface of the horizontal portion, is an elevated ridge for the attachment of the trapezoid ligament. The trapezoid ligament, the anterior and lateral fasciculus is broad thin and quadrilateral it is placed obliquely between the coracoid process and the clavicle
Clinical relevance
The coracoid process is palpable just below the lateral end of the clavicle (collar bone). It is otherwise known as the "Surgeon's Lighthouse" because it serves as a landmark to avoid neurovascular damage. Major neurovascular structures enter the upper limb medial to the coracoid process so surgical approaches to the shoulder region always takes place lateral to the coracoid process.
In other animals
In birds and reptiles, the coracoid is a separate bone. Birds ( class Aves) are bipedal endothermic ( Warm-blooded) Vertebrate animals that lay eggs. Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia are air-breathing Cold-blooded Vertebrates that have skin covered in scales as opposed to hair or feathers
Etymology
Coracoid in itself means "like a raven's beak", with reference to its shape. Raven is the common name given to the largest species of Passerine Birds in the Genus Corvus. (Greek "Korax" = Raven)
Additional images
 Capsule of shoulder-joint (distended). Anterior aspect. |  Glenoid fossa of right side. |  Deep muscles of the chest and front of the arm, with the boundaries of the axilla. |  Human arm bones diagram |
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