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Communist symbolism consists of a series of symbols that represent (either literally or figuratively) a variety of themes associated with communism. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based See also Marxian economics, Marxism Marxist philosophy or Marxist theory are terms which cover work in Philosophy Class struggle is the active expression of Class conflict looked at from any kind of socialist perspective International Socialism redirects here For the journal of the same name see International Socialism (journal Proletarian internationalism is a A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Leninism refers to various related political and economic theories elaborated by Bolshevik revolutionary leader Vladimir Lenin. Stalinism is the political regime named after Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1929–1953 Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought ( is a variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader Titoism is an adaptation of communist ideology named after Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, primarily used to describe The Juche Idea (주체사상 Juche Sasang) is the official state Ideology of North Korea and the Political system based on it Left communism is the range of communist viewpoints held by the Communist Left, which opposes the political ideas of the Bolsheviks Council communism is a Far-left movement originating in Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s Religious communism is a form of Communism centered on religious principles Eurocommunism was a new trend in the 1970s and 1980s within various Western European communist parties to develop a theory and practice of social transformation that National Communism, is an Islamic form of Communism which had a strong Nationalist element The Communist League was the first Marxist international organisation The Second International (1889-1916 was an organization of socialist and labour parties formed in Paris on July 14, 1889. The Comintern ( Com munist Intern ational also known as the Third International) was an international Communist organisation founded in Moscow The Fourth International ( FI) is a communist international organisation working in opposition to both Capitalism and Stalinism. Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895 was a German social scientist and philosopher, who Rosa Luxemburg (Róża Luksemburg 5 March 1870 or 1871 15 January 1919 was a Polish-born Jewish German Marxist theorist, socialist Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party Leon Trotsky ( Russian:, Lev Davidovich Trotsky, also transliterated Leo, Lyev, Trotskii, Trotski, Trotskij Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Anti-capitalism describes a wide variety of movements ideas and attitudes which oppose Capitalism. Anti-communism refers to opposition to Communism. Historically the word "communism" has been used to refer to several types of communal social organization and Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system Criticisms of Communism can be divided in two broad categories Those concerning themselves with the practical aspects of 20th century Communist state and those concerning Democratic centralism is the name given to the principles of internal organization used by Leninist political parties and the term is sometimes used as a synonym for any Leninist The " dictatorship of the proletariat " or workers' state is a term employed by Marxists that refers to what they see as a temporary state between the This article intentionally focuses only on the history of communism as a self-contained self-aware political movement Luxemburgism (also written Luxembourgism) is a specific revolutionary theory within Communism, based on the writings of Rosa Luxemburg. The New Class is a term to describe the privileged Ruling class of Bureaucrats and Communist party functionaries which typically arises in a Stalinist The New Left were the Left-wing movements in different countries in the 1960s and 1970s that unlike the earlier leftist focus on union activism instead adopted a Post-Communism is a name sometimes given to the period of political and economic Transition in former Communist states located in parts of Europe and Primitive communism is A term usually associated with Karl Marx, but most fully elaborated by Friedrich Engels (in The Origin of the Family 1884 and referring Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution Stalinism is the political regime named after Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1929–1953 Socialist economics is a broad and sometimes controversial term Titoism is an adaptation of communist ideology named after Josip Broz Tito, leader of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, primarily used to describe The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The musical instrument is spelled Cymbal. A symbol is something --- such as an object, Picture, written word a sound a piece These themes may include (but are not limited to) revolution, the proletariat, the peasantry, agriculture, or international solidarity. A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turnaround" is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively The proletariat (from Latin la ''proles'' "offspring" is a term used to identify a lower Social class; a member of such a class is proletarian A peasant is an agricultural worker who subsists by working a small plot of ground Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture Communist states, parties and movements use these symbols to advance and create solidarity within their cause.
Usually these symbols, along with a pentangle representing either the five inhabited continents or the five components of communist society (the peasants, the workers, the army, the intellectuals, and the youth), appear in yellow on a red background representing revolution. Early history Sumer The first known uses of the pentagram are found in Mesopotamian writings dating to about 3000 BC A revolution (from the Latin revolutio, "a turnaround" is a fundamental change in power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively The Flag of the Soviet Union incorporated a yellow-outlined red star and a yellow hammer and sickle on red. The flag of the Soviet Union consisted of a plain Red flag, with a hammer crossed with a sickle (the Hammer and sickle) and a Red star in The hammer and sickle is a part of Communist symbolism and its usage indicates an association with Communism, Communist Party, or Communist state The flags of Vietnam, China, Angola, and Mozambique would all incorporate similar symbolism under communist rule. The flag of Vietnam, also known as the "red flag with yellow star" ( cờ đỏ sao vàng) was adopted as the flag of the Vietminh, a The Flag of the People's Republic of China, the "Five-Starred Red Flag ( was designed by Zeng Liansong, an Economist and Artist 2003 proposal In 2003 a new more "optimistic" flag was proposed which so far has not been formally adopted Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa The hammer and sickle have become the pan-communist symbol, appearing on the flags of most communist parties around the world. A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of However, the flag of the Korean Workers' Party includes a hammer representing industrial workers, a hoe representing agricultural workers, and a brush (traditional writing-implement) representing the intelligentsia. The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK is the ruling party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK commonly known as North Korea
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Hammer and sickle
Description
The hammer and sickle is another symbol of the communist movement. The hammer and sickle is a part of Communist symbolism and its usage indicates an association with Communism, Communist Party, or Communist state Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based The hammer stands for the industrial working class while the sickle represents the agricultural workers; together the hammer and sickle represents the unity of these two groups. The proletariat (from Latin la ''proles'' "offspring" is a term used to identify a lower Social class; a member of such a class is proletarian
History
The hammer and sickle was first used during the Russian Revolution but it did not become the official symbol of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic until 1924. See also Russian Revolution (1905 The Russian Revolution of 1916 refers to a series of popular revolutions in Russia, and the events surrounding them Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Since the Russian Revolution, the hammer and sickle has come to represent various communist parties and socialist states. A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of Communist state is a term used by many Political scientists to describe a Form of government in which the State operates under a one-party system
Red Star
Description
The five-pointed red star, a pentagram without the inner pentagon, is a symbol of communism as well as broader socialism in general. The five-pointed red star, a Pentagram without the inner Pentagon, is a symbol of Communism as well as broader Socialism in general Early history Sumer The first known uses of the pentagram are found in Mesopotamian writings dating to about 3000 BC Regular pentagons The term pentagon is commonly used to mean a regular convex pentagon, where all sides are equal and all interior angles are equal (to Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution It is sometimes understood to represent the five fingers of the worker's hand, as well as the five continents. A finger is a type of digit, an organ of manipulation and sensation found in the Hands of Humans and other Primates Normally humans have five digits A continent is one of several large Landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by Convention rather than any strict criteria with seven regions
History
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the red star as a symbol. Friedrich Engels (28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895 was a German social scientist and philosopher, who It was also one of the emblems, symbols, and signals representing the Soviet Union under the rule and guidance of the Communist Party, along with the hammer and sickle. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 A Political party described as a communist party includes those that advocate the application of the social principles of Communism through a communist form of The hammer and sickle is a part of Communist symbolism and its usage indicates an association with Communism, Communist Party, or Communist state The star has since become a symbol representing socialism of all varieties.
Red flag
Description
The red flag of the communist movement symbolizes the blood of martyred working-class leaders. Red flags can signify a warning Martial law, defiance or Left-wing politics Red flags are often seen in combination with other communist symbols and party names. The flag is used at various communist and socialist rallies like May Day. May Day occurs on May 1 and refers to any of several Public holidays In many countries May Day is synonymous with International Workers' Day, or Labour The flag is also commonly associated with socialism. Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution
History
The red flag has had multiple meanings in history but it was first used as a flag of defiance. The red flag gained its modern political meaning in the 1848 French Revolution. The Paris Commune (La Commune de Paris was a Government that briefly ruled Paris from 18 March (more formally from 26 March) to 28 May After the October Revolution, the soviet government adopted the red flag with a superimposed hammer and sickle as its national flag. The October Revolution (Октябрьская революция Oktyabrskaya revolyutsiya) also known as the Soviet Revolution Since the October Revolution, various socialist states and movements have used the red flag.
Other Communist Symbols
The following graphic elements, while not necessarily communist in nature, are often incorporated into the flags, seals and propaganda of communist countries and movements.
Crossed proletarian implements, including picks, hoes, scythes, and in the case of the Korean Worker's Party, a brush to represent the intelligentsia. The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK is the ruling party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK commonly known as North Korea The ubiquitous hammer and sickle also belong in this category.
Rising suns, exemplified on the crests of the Soviet Union and Turkmen SSR
Cogwheels, exemplified on the crest of the People's Republic of China
Wreaths of wheat, cotton, corn or other crops, present on the crests of almost every historical communist state. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Түркменистан Совет Социалистик Республикасы Türkmenistan Sovet Sotsialistik Respublikasy; Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES
Red banners with yellow lettering, exemplified on the crest of Vietnam. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially
Red or yellow stars, perhaps the most common communist symbol behind the hammer and sickle.
Open books, exemplified on the state crests of Mozambique and Angola. Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central
Factories or industrial equipment, exemplified on the crests of North Korea and Azerbaijan SSR
Natural landscapes, exemplified on the crests of SR Macedonia and the Karelo-Finnish SSR
One notable example of a communist state that uses no overtly communist imagery on its flag, crest or other graphic representations is Cuba. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, This article is about the former Soviet republic for other similar uses see Azerbaijan (disambiguation. The Socialist Republic of Macedonia ( Macedonian: Социјалистичка Република Македонија Socijalistička Republika Makedonija) was The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic (Karjalais-suomalainen sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta Карело-Финская Советская Социалистическая The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la
See also
- Hammer and dove
- Red flag
- Red star
- Raised fist
- Flags of the Soviet Republics
- Flag of East Germany
- Coats of Arms of the Soviet Republics
- Coat of Arms of the German Democratic Republic
- Coat of Arms of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
- Coats of arms of the Yugoslav Socialist Republics
- Emblem of the People's Republic of China
- USSR State motto
- The Internationale
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