| Coat of arms of Italy | |
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| Adopted | 05 May 1948 |
The Coat of Arms of the Italian Republic (Italian, trans. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. Stemma della Repubblica Italiana), depicted here, has been the symbol of the Italian Republic since 05 May 1948. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest [1] Technically it is an emblem rather than a coat of arms, as it was not designed to conform to traditional heraldic rules. An emblem is a pictorial Image, abstract or representational that epitomizes a Concept — e A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. The armorial bearings of the House of Savoy, gules a cross argent, were previously in use by the former Kingdom of Italy; the supporters, on either side a lion rampant Or, substituted for fasci littori (literally bundles of the lictors) during the fascist era. The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia was formed in the early eleventh century in the historical Savoy region The Kingdom of Italy ( Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state forged in 1861 by the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom In Heraldry, supporters are figures usually placed on either side of the shield and depicted holding it up Fasces (ˈfæsiːz a Plurale tantum, from the Latin word fascis, meaning "bundle" symbolize summary power and Jurisdiction The term Italian Fascism denotes the totalitarian Fascismo political movement that ruled Italy from 1922 until 1943 under leader Benito Mussolini [2]
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Elements
The emblem comprises a white five-pointed star, with a fine red border, superimposed upon a five-spoked cogwheel, standing between an olive branch on the dexter side and an oak branch on the sinister side; the green branches are in turn bound together by a red ribbon bearing the inscription REPVBBLICA ITALIANA in white capital letters. Early history Sumer The first known uses of the pentagram are found in Mesopotamian writings dating to about 3000 BC This is the page for mechanical Gears For other uses see Gear (disambiguation For the gear-like device used to drive a roller chain see Sprocket The Olive ( Olea europaea) is a Species of small Tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern The term oak can be used as part of the common name of any of about 400 species of Trees and Shrubs in the Genus Quercus (from Latin
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- The dominant element is a five-pointed star; an ancient secular symbol of Italy, known as Stellone d'Italia, purported to protect the nation and used as the crest of the arms of the Kingdom of Italy from 1870 to 1890. The word crest is often mistakenly applied to a Coat of arms. [3] Iconographic of the Risorgimento, it is usually seen shining radiant over Italia Turrita, the personification of Italy. Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian Italia Turrita is the Personification or Allegory of Italy, characterised by a Mural crown (hence turrita or with towers The star marked the first award of Republican reconstruction, the Ordine della Stella della Solidarietà Italiana, and still indicates membership of the Armed Forces
- The steel cogwheel refers to the Constitution of the Italian Republic:—
“ Italy is a democratic republic, built on labour”
- Its shape also recalls a mural crown, as worn by Italia Turrita (meaning with towers), typical of Italian civic heraldry of communal origin
- The olive branch represents the Republic’s desire for peace, both harmony at home and brotherhood abroad, as expressed in the Constitution:—
“ Italy repudiates war as an instrument of aggression [. There are currently five Italian orders of merit (Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana that recognise contributions to the Italian Republic. The Italian Armed forces are under the command of the Italian Supreme Defense Council presided over by the President of the Italian Republic. The Constitution of the Italian Republic (Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 December 1947 with 453 votes in favour and 62 In Hellenistic culture a mural crown identified the goddess Tyche, the embodiment of the fortune of a city familiar to Romans as Fortuna. . . ]”
- The oak branch is symbolic of the strength and dignity of the Italian people. Both oak and olive trees are also characteristic of the Italian landscape
History
The decision to provide the new Italian Republic with an emblem was taken by the government of Alcide De Gasperi in October 1946. The Italian Social Republic ( Italian: Repubblica Sociale Italiana or RSI) was a Puppet state of Nazi Germany led by the "Duce of the Alcide De Gasperi ( 3 April 1881 &ndash 19 August 1954) was an Italian Statesman and Politician. The design was chosen by public competition, with the requirement that party political emblems were forbidden and the inclusion of the Stellone d'Italia, "inspired by a sense of the earth and municipalities. " The five winners were assigned further requirements for the design of the emblem, "a ring that has towered shaped crown," surrounded by a garland of Italian foliage and flora. Below a representation of the sea, and above, the gold star, with the legend Unità e Libertà or Unity and Liberty in the Italian language. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. The winner was Paolo Paschetto, Professor of the Institute of Fine Arts in Rome from 1914 to 1948, and the design was presented in February 1947, together with the other finalists, in an exhibition in Via Margutta. This version, however, did not meet with public approval, so a new competition was held, again won by Paolo Paschetto. The new emblem was approved by the Constituent Assembly in February 1948, and officially adopted by the President of the Italian Republic, Enrico De Nicola in May 1948. The Parliament of Italy ( Parlamento Italiano) is the national parliament of Italy. The President of the Italian Republic (Presidente della Repubblica Italiana is the Head of State of Italy, and as such is intended to represent national unity Enrico Roberto De Nicola ( November 9, 1877 – October 1, 1959) was an Italian Jurist, Journalist,
References
- ^ DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 05 maggio 1948, n.535 See Gazzetta Ufficiale 28 maggio 1948, n. 122
- ^ REGIO DECRETO 11 aprile 1929 VII, n. 504
- ^ Deliberazione della Consulta Araldica del Regno d’Italia con cui si determina quali debbano essere gli ornamenti esteriori dello stemma dello Stato 04 maggio 1870, cf. The Consulta Araldica (Heraldic Consultative Council was a college instituted by royal decree on 10 October 1869 to advise the Italian government on REGIO DECRETO 27 novembre 1890, n. 7282
See also
External links
- Un simbolo per la Repubblica Presidenza della Repubblica, Palazzo del Quirinale (Italian)
- Italian Civic Heraldry International Civic Heraldry, Ralf Hartemink (English)
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