Chicago Tribune
The January 9, 2008 front page of the Chicago Tribune
Type	Daily newspaper
Format	Broadsheet
Owner	Tribune Company
Publisher	Scott C. Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Broadsheet is the largest of the various Newspaper formats and is characterized by long vertical pages (typically 22 inches or more The Tribune Company is a large American Multimedia Corporation based in Chicago Illinois. Smith
Editor	Ann Marie Lipinski
Founded	10 June 1847
Price	US$0. Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 75 (Chicago) US$1. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been 00 (Elsewhere)
Headquarters	Tribune Tower 435 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611 United States
Circulation	541,663 Daily 898,703 Sunday[1]
ISSN	1085-6706
Website: chicagotribune.com

The Chicago Tribune is a major daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois and owned by the Tribune Company. The Tribune Tower is a Gothic building located at 435 North Michigan Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. Michigan Avenue is a major north-south street in Chicago which runs at 100 east (except for one private block that runs at 125 east south of the Chicago River and at 132 East Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This is a list of the daily Newspapers in the World by average circulation An International Standard Serial Number ( ISSN) is a unique eight-digit number used to identify a print or electronic Periodical publication. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The Tribune Company is a large American Multimedia Corporation based in Chicago Illinois. Formerly self-styled as the "World's Greatest Newspaper" (for which WGN radio and television is named), it remains the principal daily newspaper of the Chicago metropolitan region and the Midwestern United States and is currently the 5th largest newspaper in America by circulation. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

On April 2, 2007, the Tribune announced a buy-out plan worth $8. 2 billion. It will be associated with a stock buy back at $34 per share, and an Employees Stock Ownership Plan. The new chairman is Chicago real estate magnate Sam Zell. Samuel "Sam" Zell (born September 1941) is a US-born Billionaire and Real estate Entrepreneur. Also as part of the deal the Chicago Cubs and their park, Wrigley Field, will be sold, as well as the Tribune's share of Comcast SportsNetChicago. The Chicago Cubs are a Professional Baseball franchise based in Chicago, Illinois. Wrigley Field is a Baseball Stadium in Chicago, Illinois, United States that has served as the home ballpark of the Chicago Comcast SportsNet (or CSN) is a group of Regional sports networks The group is primarily owned by the Comcast Cable television company ^[2]

History

The Tribune was founded by James Kelly, John E. James Kelly (1809-1895 was a founder of Chicago Tribune. Wheeler and Joseph K. C. Forrest, publishing its first edition on June 10, 1847. Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The paper saw numerous changes in ownership and editorship over the next eight years. Initially, the Tribune was not politically affiliated but tended to support either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections (Wendt 1979, p. The Whig Party was a Political party of the United States during the era of Jacksonian democracy. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party.  23, 27-28). By late 1853 it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics (Cole 1948, p. Xenophobia is an intense and/or irrational dislike and sometimes fear of people from other countries  14). About this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance (Keefe 1971, p. See also Prohibition, Teetotalism The Temperance Movement attempted to reduce the amount of Alcohol consumed within a community or society in  131). However nativist its editorials may have been, it was not until February 10, 1855 that the Tribune formally affiliated itself with the nativist American or Know Nothing party, whose candidate Levi Boone was elected Chicago mayor the following month (Keefe 1975, p. Nativism is an Opposition to immigration which originated in United States politics with roots in the country's historic role as a Melting pot. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1855 ( MDCCCLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year The Know Nothing movement was a Nativist American political movement of the 1850s Levi Day Boone (born December 6, 1808 in Kentucky; died January 24, 1882; buried in Rosehill Cemetery) served as  233-4).

By about 1854, part-owner Capt. J. D. Webster, later General Webster and chief of staff at the Battle of Shiloh, and Dr. Background and opposing forces After the losses of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862 Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston withdrew C. H. Ray of Galena, Illinois through Horace Greeley convinced Joseph Medill of Cleveland's Leader to become managing editor. Galena is the largest city in and County seat of Jo Daviess County, Illinois in the United States with an estimated population of 3396 Horace Greeley ( February 3, 1811 &ndash November 29, 1872) was an American editor of a leading newspaper, a founder Joseph Medill ( April 6, 1823 &ndash March 16, 1899) is better known as the business manager and managing editor of the Chicago Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state The Plain Dealer is the major daily Newspaper of Cleveland Ohio. Ray became editor-in-chief, Medill became the managing editor, and Alfred Cowles, Sr., brother of Edwin Cowles, initially was the bookkeeper. Alfred Cowles Sr (1832-1889 was an American Businessperson and Newspaper Publisher. Edwin Cowles (1825-1890 born in Austinburg, was the publisher of The Cleveland Leader, Vice-President of the 1884 Republican National Convention, postmaster Each purchased one third of the Tribune. ^[3][4] Under their leadership the Tribune distanced itself from the Know Nothings and became the main Chicago organ of the Republican Party (Wendt 1979, p.  57-65). However, the paper continued to print anti-Catholic and anti-Irish editorials (Cole 1948, p.  66). The Tribune absorbed three other Chicago publications under the new editors: the Free West in 1855, the Democratic Press in 1858, and the Chicago Democrat in 1861, whose editor, John Wentworth, left his position to become Chicago Mayor. The Chicago Democrat was the first Newspaper in Chicago Illinois. "Long" John Wentworth (March 5 1815 &ndash October 16 1888 was the editor of the Chicago Democrat, a two-term Mayor of Chicago Between 1858 and 1860, the paper was known as the Chicago Press & Tribune. After November 1860 it became the Chicago Daily Tribune (Wendt 1979, p.  28, 69, 84-86, 127-128). Before and during the American Civil War, the new editors pushed an abolitionist agenda and strongly supported Abraham Lincoln, whom Medill helped secure the Presidency in 1860. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South Abolitionism was a political movement of the 18th and 19th century which sought to make Slavery illegal particularly in the United States and British West Indies Abraham Lincoln (February 12 1809 &ndash April 15 1865 the sixteenth President of the United States, successfully led his country through its greatest internal The paper remained a force in Republican politics for years afterwards.

In 1861 the Tribune published new lyrics for the song "John Brown's Body" by William W. Patton, rivaling the ones published two months later by Julia Ward Howe. For the reggae musical group see John Brown's Body (band. For the epic poem see John Brown's Body (poem "John Rev William Weston Patton ( 19 October, 1821, New York City - 1889 was president of Howard University, a fierce Abolitionist and "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" is an American abolitionist song written by Julia Ward Howe in November 1861 and first published in The Atlantic Monthly Julia Ward Howe (May 27 1819 &ndash October 17 1910 was a prominent American abolitionist, social activist, and Poet most famous as Medill served as mayor of Chicago for one term after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. The Great Chicago Fire was a Conflagration that burned from Sunday October 8 to early Tuesday October 10 1871 killing hundreds and destroying about four square miles in

The lead editorial in the first issue the Chicago Tribune published after the Great Chicago Fire. The Great Chicago Fire was a Conflagration that burned from Sunday October 8 to early Tuesday October 10 1871 killing hundreds and destroying about four square miles in

Under the 20th century editorship of Colonel Robert R. McCormick the paper was strongly isolationist and actively biased in its coverage of political news and social trends, calling itself "The American Paper for Americans," excoriating the Democrats and the New Deal, resolutely disdainful of the British and French, and greatly enthusiastic for Chiang Kai-shek and Sen. Robert Rutherford McCormick ( July 30, 1880 &ndash April 1, 1955) was a Chicago newspaper baron and owner of the Chicago The diplomatic policy whereby a nation seeks to avoid alliances with other nations in order to avoid being drawn into wars not related to direct territorial self-defense has had a long history The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. The New Deal was the name that United States President Franklin D Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash Joseph McCarthy. Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14 1908 – May 2 1957 was an American politician who served as a Republican U When McCormick took over as co-editor (with his cousin Joseph Patterson) in 1910, the Tribune was the 3rd best selling paper among Chicago's eight dailies, with a circulation of only 188,000 ^[5]. The young cousins added features such as advice columns and homegrown comic strips like "Little Orphan Annie" and "Moon Mullins", then turned to "crusades", with their first success coming with the ouster of the Republican political boss of Illinois, Senator William Loring ^[5]. At the same time, the Tribune competed with the Hearst paper, the Chicago Examiner, in a circulation war. By 1914, the cousins succeeded in forcing out Managing Editor William Keeley. By 1918, the Examiner was forced to merge with the Chicago Herald.

Front page of the Tribune incorrectly reporting that Dewey won the 1948 presidential election

In the 1920s, Patterson left to take over the editorship of his own paper, the New York Daily News ^[5]. In a renewed circulation war with Hearst's Herald-Examiner, McCormick and Hearst ran rival lotteries in 1922. The Tribune won the battle, adding 250,000 readers to its ranks. During the McCormick years, the Tribune was a champion of modified spelling (such as spelling "although" as "altho"). McCormick, a vigorous campaigner for the Republican Party, died in 1955, just four days before Democrat boss Richard J. Daley was elected mayor for the first time. Richard Joseph Daley ( May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) served for 21 years as the undisputed Democratic boss of Chicago

One of the great scoops in Tribune history came when it obtained the text of the Treaty of Versailles in June of 1919. The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. Another was its revelation of United States war plans on the eve of the Pearl Harbor attack. Pearl Harbor is a Harbor on the Island of O{{okina}}ahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu. Its June 7, 1942 front page announced that America had broken Japan's military code PURPLE or Magic. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about the Japanese cipher Purple also known as AN-1 (citation for AN-1 nomenclature for Purple? In World War II, Magic was the United States Codename for intelligence derived from the Cryptanalysis of PURPLE, a Japanese foreign

The paper is also well known for a mistake it made during the 1948 presidential election. The United States presidential election of 1948 is considered by most Historians as the greatest election Upset in American history. At that time, much of its composing room staff was on strike, and early returns led the paper to believe that the Republican candidate Thomas Dewey would win. Thomas Edmund Dewey ( March 24, 1902 – March 16, 1971) was the Governor of New York (1943-1955 and the unsuccessful Republican An early edition of the next day's paper carried the headline "DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN", turning the paper into a collector's item when it turned out that Harry S. Truman won and proudly brandished it in a famous photo. Dewey Defeats Truman was a famously incorrect banner headline on the front page of the first edition of the Chicago Tribune on November 3, 1948

The Tribune's legendary sports editor Arch Ward created the Major League Baseball All-Star Game in 1933 as part of the city's Century of Progress exposition. The Major League Baseball All-Star Game, also popularly known as the "Midsummer Classic" is an annual Baseball game between players from the National League A Century of Progress International Exposition was the name of a World's Fair held in Chicago, Illinois from 1933 to 1934 to celebrate

The Tribune's reputation for innovation extended to radio — it bought an early station, WDAP, in 1924 and renamed it WGN (AM), the station call letters standing for the paper's self-description as the "World's Greatest Newspaper. WGN (720 AM) is a Radio station in Chicago Illinois, USA. It is owned by the Tribune Company, which also owns the flagship In Broadcasting and Radio communications a call sign (also known as a callsign or call letters, or abbreviated as a call, or otherwise " WGN Television was launched April 5, 1948. WGN-TV, channel 9 is a Television station in Chicago Illinois. Events 456 - St Patrick returns to Ireland as a missionary bishop Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. These broadcast stations remain Tribune properties to this day and are among the oldest newspaper/broadcasting cross-ownerships in the country. (Later, the Tribune's East Coast sibling, the New York Daily News, would establish WPIX television and radio. The Daily News of New York City is the fifth most-widely circulated daily Newspaper in the United States with a daily circulation of 703137 WPIX, channel 11 is a television station in New York City. It has been owned by the Tribune Company since its inception and is currently an affiliate of the )

Famous photograph of Truman grinning and holding up a copy of the newspaper that (falsely) announced his defeat in the 1948 US presidential election

In 1969, under the leadership of publisher Harold Grumhaus and editor Clayton Kirkpatrick, the Tribune's past conservative partisanship became history; though the paper continued its Republican and conservative perspective, the paper's news reporting no longer had the conservative slant it had in the McCormick years. The paper began to publish perspectives that represented a spectrum of diverse opinions, while its editorials presented the Tribune's own views.

In early 1974, in what was a major feat of journalism, the Tribune printed the complete 246,000-word text of the Watergate tapes in a 44-page supplement that hit the streets a mere 24 hours after the transcripts' release by the Nixon White House. The Watergate tapes, also known as the Nixon tapes are a collection of recordings of conversations between U See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence Not only was the Tribune the first newspaper to publish the transcripts, but it beat the Government Printing Office's own printed version, and made headlines doing so. The Government Printing Office (GPO is an agency of the legislative branch of the United States federal government.

Chicago Tribune building

A week later, after studying the transcripts, the paper's editorial board observed that "the high dedication to grand principles that Americans have a right to expect from a President is missing from the transcript record. " The Tribune's editors concluded that "nobody of sound mind can read [the transcripts] and continue to think that Mr. Nixon has upheld the standards and dignity of the Presidency," and called for Nixon's resignation. The Tribune call for Nixon to resign made news, reflecting not only the change in the type of conservativism practiced by the paper, but as a watershed event in terms of Nixon's hopes for survival in office. The White House reportedly saw the Tribune's editorial as a loss of a long-time supporter and as a blow to Nixon's hopes to weather the scandal.

In 1997 the Tribune published a popular column by Mary Schmich called "Advice, like youth, probably just wasted on the young", otherwise known as Wear Sunscreen or the Sunscreen Speech. Mary Theresa Schmich is a Columnist for the Chicago Tribune. Born in Savannah Georgia, the oldest of eight children Schmich grew up in Wear Sunscreen or Sunscreen Speech are the common names of an essay actually called "Advice like youth probably just wasted on the young" written by Mary Schmich The most popular and well-known form of the essay is the successful music single released in 1999, accredited to Baz Luhrmann. Baz Luhrmann (born Mark Anthony Luhrmann on 17 September 1962 is an Oscar and Golden Globe -nominated Australian Film director, Screenwriter

Although under Colonel McCormick, the Tribune for years refused to participate in the Pulitzer Prize competition, it has won 24 of the awards over the years, including many for editorial writing. The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, The Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing has been awarded since 1917 for distinguished Editorial writing the test of excellence being clearness of style moral purpose

Subsequently the Tribune has been a leader on the Internet, acquiring 10 percent of America Online in the early 1990s, then launching such Web sites as chicagotribune.com (1995), metromix.com (1996), and ChicagoSports.com (1999). In 2002 it launched a tabloid newspaper targeted at 18- to 34-year-olds known as RedEye. The RedEye is a daily publication put out by the Chicago Tribune geared toward 18 to 34-year-olds

Editorial policy

In a 2007 statement of principles published in the Tribune's print and online editions, the paper's editorial board described the newspaper's philosophy, from which is excerpted the following:

Tribune Tower, Hood & Howells, architects, opened 1925

The Chicago Tribune believes in the traditional principles of limited government; maximum individual responsibility; minimum restriction of personal liberty, opportunity and enterprise. Raymond M Hood ( March 29, 1881 &ndash August 14, 1934) was an early-mid twentieth century Architect who worked in the Art It believes in free markets, free will and freedom of expression. These principles, while traditionally conservative, are guidelines and not reflexive dogmas.

The Tribune brings a Midwestern sensibility to public debate. It is suspicious of untested ideas.

The Tribune places great emphasis on the integrity of government and the private institutions that play a significant role in society. The newspaper does this in the belief that the people cannot consent to be governed unless they have knowledge of, and faith in, the leaders and operations of government. The Tribune embraces the diversity of people and perspectives in its community. It is dedicated to the future of the Chicago region.

In 2004, the Tribune endorsed President Bush for re-election, a decision consistent with its unwavering support for the Republican Party (it has not endorsed the Democratic Nominee for President since 1872, when it backed Horace Greeley, a former Republican Party newspaper editor^[6]). George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Horace Greeley ( February 3, 1811 &ndash November 29, 1872) was an American editor of a leading newspaper, a founder It has endorsed Democrats for lesser offices, including recent endorsements of Bill Foster, Barack Obama for the Senate and Democrat Melissa Bean, who defeated Philip Crane, the House of Representatives' longest-serving Republican. George William "Bill" Foster (born October 7, 1955) is an American Physicist, Businessman and Politician The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Melissa Luburić Bean (born on January 22, 1962) American politicianhas been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives Philip Miller "Phil" Crane (born November 3, 1930, in Chicago Illinois) is a former American politician The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. The Tribune also reported on the scandals surrounding Illinois governor George Ryan (a Republican) during Ryan's previous term as Secretary of State. George Homer Ryan (born February 24 1934 in Maquoketa Iowa) was the Republican Governor of the U The Tribune endorsed Ryan for Governor despite this reporting.

The Tribune has remained economically conservative, being widely skeptical of increasing the minimum wage and entitlement spending. Although the Tribune has criticized the Bush administration's record on civil liberties, the environment, and many portions of its foreign policy, it still supports his presidency while taking Democrats, such as Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich, to task and calling for their removal from office. Rod R Blagojevich (bləˈgɔɪəvɪtʃ, born December 10, 1956) is an American Politician from the state of Illinois.

Tribune Company

The Chicago Tribune is the founding business unit of Tribune Company, which includes many newspapers and television stations around the country. The Tribune Company is a large American Multimedia Corporation based in Chicago Illinois. In Chicago, Tribune owns the WGN radio station (720 AM) and WGN-TV (Channel 9). WGN (720 AM) is a Radio station in Chicago Illinois, USA. It is owned by the Tribune Company, which also owns the flagship WGN-TV, channel 9 is a Television station in Chicago Illinois. Tribune Company also owns the Los Angeles Times -- which displaced the Tribune as the company's largest property -- and the Chicago Cubs baseball team. The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily Newspaper published in Los Angeles California and distributed The Chicago Cubs are a Professional Baseball franchise based in Chicago, Illinois. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each The Cubs will be sold sometime during 2008.

Tribune Company owned The New York Daily News from its 1919 founding until its 1991 sale to Robert Maxwell. The Daily News of New York City is the fifth most-widely circulated daily Newspaper in the United States with a daily circulation of 703137 The founder of the News, Capt. Joseph Patterson and Col. Joseph Medill Patterson ( January 6, 1879 &ndash May 26, 1946) was an American Journalist and Publisher, grandson of publisher McCormick, were both descendants of Medill. Both were also enthusiasts of simplified spelling, another hallmark of their papers for many years. Spelling is the Writing of a Word or words with the necessary letters and Diacritics present in an accepted standard order Tribune Company sold the Long Island newspaper Newsday in 2008.

Since 1925, the Chicago Tribune has been housed in the Tribune Tower on North Michigan Avenue on the Magnificent Mile. The Tribune Tower is a Gothic building located at 435 North Michigan Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. Michigan Avenue is a major north-south street in Chicago which runs at 100 east (except for one private block that runs at 125 east south of the Chicago River and at 132 East The building is neo-Gothic in style, and the design was the winner of an international competition hosted by the Tribune. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period.

Columnists

See also

• Tribune Tower

References

External links

• Chicago Tribune Tribune newspaper web site
• Tribune Company Tribune corporate web site
• Tribune Group Overview External corporate profile