| Chao Phraya River | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Origin | Confluence of Ping River and Nan River |
| Mouth | Gulf of Thailand |
| Basin countries | Thailand |
| Length | 372 km (231 mi) |
| Avg. The Ping River, along with the Nan River, is one of the two main contributaries of Chao Phraya River. The Nan River is a river in Thailand. It is one of the most expansive tributaries of the Chao Phraya River. The Gulf of Thailand (or Gulf of Siam) is a gulf that borders but is not part of the South China Sea ( Pacific Ocean) A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj discharge | 883 m³/s |
| Basin area | 160,000 km² (141,398 mi²) |
The Chao Phraya (Thai: แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) is a major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial river plain marking the mainland of the country. In Hydrology, the discharge or outflow of a River is the volume of Water transported by it in a certain amount of time Thai (th ภาษาไทย, transcription: phasa thai, transliteration:; pʰāːsǎːtʰāj is the national and "Riverine" redirects here For the use of that term in Maritime geography, see there The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj
Contents |
Etymology
According to many European old maps, the river is named as Menam or Mae Nam, the Thai word for river (Me or Mae is "Mother", Nam is "Water"). The name Chao Phraya is a Thai feudal title, which can be translated as General or Lord. Thai royal and noble titles signify relationship to the King The system is somewhat complicated and usually not well understood even by most Thai people In the English-language media in Thailand the name is often translated as River of Kings.
Geography
The Chao Phraya begins at the confluence of the Ping and Nan river at Nakhon Sawan (also called Pak Nam Pho) in the Nakhon Sawan province. The Ping River, along with the Nan River, is one of the two main contributaries of Chao Phraya River. The Nan River is a river in Thailand. It is one of the most expansive tributaries of the Chao Phraya River. Nakhon Sawan (นครสวรรค์ is one of the provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Nakhon Sawan (นครสวรรค์ is one of the provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. It then flows from north to south for 372 km from the central plains to Bangkok and the Gulf of Thailand. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand Central Thailand (Central Plain is a region of Thailand, covering the broad alluvial plain of the Chao Phraya River. Bangkok, known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (krūŋtʰêːp máhǎːnákʰɔn) or Krung Thep ( for short is the Capital, largest The Gulf of Thailand (or Gulf of Siam) is a gulf that borders but is not part of the South China Sea ( Pacific Ocean) In Chainat, the river splits into the main river course and the Tha Chin river, which then flows parallel to the main river and exits to Gulf of Thailand the about 35 km west of Bangkok in Samut Sakhon. Chai Nat ( Thai ชัยนาท is one of the central provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. The Tha Chin river (ท่าจีน is a distributary of the Chao Phraya river Thailand. In the low alluvial plain which begins below the Chainat dam, many small canals (khlong) split off from the main river. A khlong (also commonly spelled Klong; คลอง is the general name for a Canal in the central plain of Thailand. The khlong are used for the irrigation of the region's rice paddies.
River Settlements
The cities along the Chao Phraya are Nakhon Sawan, Uthai Thani, Chainat, Singburi, Ang Thong, Ayutthaya, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Bangkok and Samut Prakan, listed from north to south. Nakhon Sawan (นครสวรรค์ is one of the provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Uthai Thani ( Thai อุทัยธานี is one of the provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Chai Nat ( Thai ชัยนาท is one of the central provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Sing Buri (สิงห์บุรี is one of the central provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Ang Thong is a town ( Thesaban mueang) in Thailand, capital of the Ang Thong Province. Ayutthaya (full name Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, พระนครศรีอยุธยา aˡjutʰajaː also spelled "Ayudhya" city is the capital of Pathum Thani (ปทุมธานี is one of the central provinces ( changwat) of Thailand. Nonthaburi town is the principal city of the district and province of the same name in Thailand. Bangkok, known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon (krūŋtʰêːp máhǎːnákʰɔn) or Krung Thep ( for short is the Capital, largest These cities are among the most historically significant and densely populated settlements of Thailand precisely because of their access to the waterway.
Notable Bridges
- Rama VI, rail-road bridge of the southern line
- Phra Pin-klao, near Grand Palace
- Rama VIII, a single tower asymmetrical cable-stayed bridge
- Rama IX, semi-symmetric cable-stayed bridge
- Mega Bridge, part of Industrial Ring Road
Transportation
In Bangkok, the Chao Phraya is a major transportation artery for a vast network of ferries and water taxis, also known as longtails. Rama VI Bridge (สะพานพระราม 6 is a railway Bridge over the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok, in Thailand, connecting The Phra Pin-klao Bridge is a Bridge over the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok, in Thailand near the Grand Palace. The Grand Palace (พระบรมมหาราชวัง Phra Borom Maha Ratcha Wang) is a complex of buildings in Bangkok, Thailand. The Rama VIII Bridge in Bangkok Thailand, officially opened on September 20, 2002. Rama IX Bridge is a bridge in Bangkok, Thailand over the Chao Phraya river The Dipangkorn Rasmijoti Bridge (สะพานทีปังกรรัศมีโชติ unofficially known as the Mega Bridge, is part of the 13 km long Industrial
- See also: Chao Phraya Express Boat
Tributaries
The principal tributaries of the Chao Phraya River are the Pa Sak River, the Sakae Krang River, the Nan River (along with its principal confluent the Yom River), the Ping River (with its principal confluent the Wang River), and the Tha Chin River. The Chao Phraya Express Boat is a transportation service in Thailand that operates on the Chao Phraya River. The principal Tributaries of the Chao Phraya River of Thailand are the Pa Sak River, the Sakae Krang River, the Nan River (along The Pa Sak River (แม่น้ำป่าสัก is a river in central Thailand. The Sakae Krang River (แม่น้ำสะแกกรัง is a tributary of the Chao Phraya River. The Nan River is a river in Thailand. It is one of the most expansive tributaries of the Chao Phraya River. The Yom River (ยม is the main tributary of the Nan River (which itself is a tributary of the Chao Phraya River) The Ping River, along with the Nan River, is one of the two main contributaries of Chao Phraya River. The White Wang River (วัง is a river in Northern Thailand. The Tha Chin river (ท่าจีน is a distributary of the Chao Phraya river Thailand. . [1] Each of these tributaries (and the Chao Phraya itself) is further tributed by additional minor tributaries often referred to as khwae. All of the tributaries, including the lesser khwae, form an extensive tree-like pattern, with branches flowing through nearly every province in central and northern Thailand. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj . [2] None of the tributaries of the Chao Phraya extend beyond the nation's borders. [3] The Nan and the Yom River flow nearly parallel from Phitsanulok to Chumsaeng in the north of Nakhon Sawan province. Phitsanulok is an important and historic city in lower northern Thailand and is the capital of Phitsanulok Province, which stretches all the The Wang River enters the Ping River near Sam Ngao district in Tak province. The White Wang River (วัง is a river in Northern Thailand. Tak (ตาก is one of the northern provinces ( changwat) of Thailand.
Chao Phraya Watershed
The expanse of the Chao Phraya River and its tributaries, i. The Rama VIII Bridge in Bangkok Thailand, officially opened on September 20, 2002. e. the Chao Phraya river system, together with the land upon which falling rain drains into these bodies of water, form the Chao Phraya watershed. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, [4] The Chao Phraya watershed is the largest watershed in Thailand, covering approximately 35% of the nation's land, and draining an area of 157,924 km². Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of [5] The watershed is divided into the following basins:
- Pa Sak Basin
- Sakae Krang Basin
- Greater Nan Basin (comprising the Nan Basin and the Yom Basin, and usually divided as such in drainage analyses)
- Greater Ping Basin (comprising the Ping Basin and the Wang Basin, and usually divided as such in drainage analyses)
- Tha Chin Basin (the basin of the Chao Phraya's most significant distributary)
- Chao Phraya Basin (the land drained by the Chao Phraya River itself, and not by its major tributaries)
The mountainous natural boundary of the watershed forms a divide, which has, to some degree, historically isolated Thailand from other Southeast Asian civilizations. The Pa Sak River (แม่น้ำป่าสัก is a river in central Thailand. The Sakae Krang River (แม่น้ำสะแกกรัง is a tributary of the Chao Phraya River. The Nan River is a river in Thailand. It is one of the most expansive tributaries of the Chao Phraya River. The Nan River is a river in Thailand. It is one of the most expansive tributaries of the Chao Phraya River. The Yom River (ยม is the main tributary of the Nan River (which itself is a tributary of the Chao Phraya River) The Ping River, along with the Nan River, is one of the two main contributaries of Chao Phraya River. The Ping River, along with the Nan River, is one of the two main contributaries of Chao Phraya River. The White Wang River (วัง is a river in Northern Thailand. The Tha Chin river (ท่าจีน is a distributary of the Chao Phraya river Thailand. A drainage divide, water divide, divide or (outside North America) watershed is the line separating neighbouring Drainage basins In fact, in northern Thailand, the divide roughly corresponds to a long section of the political border of present-day Thailand. Southern portions of the divide's boundary correspond less to the nation's political border, because isolation in this area was prevented by the ease of transportation along the lowlands surrounding the Gulf of Thailand, allowing a unified Thai civilization to extend beoynd the watershed without issue.
Chao Phraya Basin
The Chao Phraya Basin is defined as the portion of the Chao Phraya Watershed drained by the Chao Phraya River itself, and not by its major tributaries or distributaries. As such, the Chao Phraya Basin drains 20,126 km² of land. [5]
Chao Phraya Delta
The Tha Chin River is the major distributary of the Chao Phraya River. The Tha Chin river (ท่าจีน is a distributary of the Chao Phraya river Thailand. The expanse of the Chao Phraya and Tha Chin Rivers and their distributaries, starting at the point at which the distributaries diverge, together with the land amid the triangle formed by the outermost and innermost distributary, form the Chao Phraya Delta. The Tha Chin river (ท่าจีน is a distributary of the Chao Phraya river Thailand. A delta is a Landform where the mouth of a River flows into an Ocean, Sea, Estuary, Lake or another river The many distributaries of the Chao Phraya delta are interconnected by canals that serve both for irrigation and for transportation.
See also
External links
- Chao Phraya River Express
- UNESCO World Water Assessment Program on the Chao Phraya
- Chao Phraya Delta Research and Reference Site
References
- Bangkok Waterways, William Warren and R. The two principal river systems of Thailand are the Chao Phraya and the Mekong Ian Lloyd, Asia Books, ISBN 981-00-1011-7.
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