African Union

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the African Union

Institutions Casablanca Group Union of African States Organisation of African Unity African Economic Community African Unification Front Executive Assembly Chairperson Commission Chairperson Conference and Events Peace & Sec. The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African Below is a list of African Union Institutions. The Casablanca Group was an organization of "progressive states" founded in 1961. The Union of African States, was a short lasting union of 3 African states in West Africa, in the 1960 's The Organisation of African Unity ( OAU) or Organisation de l'Unité Africaine ( OUA) was established on 25 May 1963. The African Economic Community (abbreviated AEC) is an organization of African Union states establishing grounds for mutual economic development among the majority The African Unification Front is an organisation aiming to promote the Political, Social and Economic union of Africa. The Assembly of the African Union, which is formally known as the African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government AU-AHSG, is one of several decision-making bodies within The Commission of the African Union acts as the executive/administrative branch or secretariat of the AU (and is somewhat analogous to the European Commission) The Commission of the African Union serves as the AU's administrative branch and as a secretariat of the Pan African Parliament Pol. Affairs Infra. & Energy Soc. Affairs HR, Sci. , & Tech. Trade and Industry Rural Econ. & Agri. Economic Legal Counsel Executive Council Rep. Committee Legislature Pan-African Parliament President Bureau Secretariat List of members Permanent Committees Rural Econ., Agri., Resources, Eviron. Monetary & Financial Trade, Customs, & Immigration Cooperation, IR, & Conflict Transport, Industry, Communications,   Energy, Science, & Tech. Health, Labour, & Social Educ., Culture, Tourism, & HR Gender, Family, Youth, Disabilities Justice & Rights Rules, Privileges, & Discipline Judiciary Sirte Declaration Constitutive Act of the AU Law Charter on Rights Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights Court of Justice Court on Human and Peoples' Rights List of judges Advisory bodies Peace and Security Council Economic, Social, and Cultural Council Specialised Technical Committees Rural Econ. The Executive Council of the African Union is made up of ministers designated by the governments of member countries The Permanent Representatives' Committee of the African Union is made up of nominated representatives of member countries by the African Union. The Pan-African Parliament, also known as the African Parliament is the legislative body of the African Union. The Bureau of the Pan-African Parliament is essentially the leadership of the Pan-African Parliament (PAP and consists of one President and four Vice-Presidents In order to allow the Pan-African Parliament 's functions to be carried out more smoothly and in a more streamlined fashion it is assisted by a Secretariat Below is a list of the MPs that make up the African Union 's Pan-African Parliament, the respective countries they are elected from and their political party To help coordinate efforts in dealing with issues on the continent the Pan-African Parliament created ten permanent committees Committee on Rural Economy Agriculture The Committee on Rural Economy Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment is one of the Ten Permanent Committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Monetary and Financial Affairs is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Trade Customs and Immigration Matters is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Cooperation International Relations and Conflict Resolution is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Transport Industry Communications Energy Science and Technology is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Health Labour and Social Affairs is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Education Culture Tourism and Human Resources is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Gender Family Youths and People with Disabilities is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Justice and Human Rights is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Committee on Rules Privileges and Discipline is one of the ten permanent committees of the Pan-African Parliament. The Sirte Declaration was the resolution adopted by the Organisation of African Unity on 9 September 1999, at Sirte, Libya, to create The Constitutive Act of the African Union sets out the codified framework under which the African Union is to conduct itself The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (also known as the Banjul Charter) is an International human rights instrument that purports to promote and protect The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights ( ACHPR) is a Quasi-judicial body tasked with promoting and protecting Human rights and collective The Court of Justice of the African Union is intended to be the “principal judicial organ of the Union” (Protocol of the Court of Justice of the African Union Article 2 The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights is a regional court that rules on African Union states' compliance with the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights The first Judges of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights were elected on January 22, 2006 at the Eighth Ordinary Session of the Executive Council The Peace and Security Council is the organ of the African Union in charge of enforcing union decisions The Economic Social and Cultural Council is an advisory body of the African Union charged with overseeing the development of those particular areas within the continent The Specialised Technical Committees are bodies in the African Union responsible to the Executive Council. , Agri. Monetary & Financial Trade, Customs, and Immigration Industry, Sci. & Tech. , Energy. . . Transport, Comm. , Tourism Health, Labor, Social Edu. , Culture, & Human Resources Financial bodies AEC Pillars (Abuja Treaty) CEN-SAD COMESA EAC ECCAS/CEEAC CEMAC ECOWAS UEMOA WAMZ IGAD SADC SACU AMU/UMA African Central Bank African Monetary Fund African Investment Bank New Partnership for Africa's Development African Peer Review Mechanism Decentralised bodies Agencies of the AU Related topics Elections Enlargement Foreign relations

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The Chairperson of the African Union is chosen by the Assembly of the African Union, which consists of the heads of state of member countries, to serve a one-year term. The Abuja Treaty is a Pan-African international agreement signed on June 3rd 1991 in Abuja, Nigeria. CEN-SAD or the Community of Sahel-Saharan States ( French: Communauté des Etats Sahélo-Sahariens Arabic: تجمع دول الساحل والصحراء The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, is a Preferential trading area with nineteen member states stretching from Libya to Zimbabwe. The East African Community ( EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation comprising five east African countries The Economic Community of Central African States ( ECCAS; French: Communauté Économique des États d'Afrique Centrale; Spanish: Comunidad The Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (or CEMAC from its name in French, Communauté Économique et Monétaire de l'Afrique Centrale The Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen West African countries founded on May 28 The West African Economic and Monetary Union (or UEMOA from its name in French, Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine) is an organization The West African Monetary Zone is a group of 5 countries in ECOWAS that plan to introduce a common currency the Eco by the year 2009. The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD Autorité intergouvernementale pour le développement is a seven-country regional development Organization in The Southern African Development Community ( SADC) is an Inter-governmental organization. Southern African Customs Union ( SACU) is a Customs union among five countries of Southern Africa. The Arab Maghreb Union ( Arabic: اتحاد المغرب العربي transliterated: Ittihad al-Maghrib al-Araby French The African Central Bank (ACB is one of the three financial institutions of the African Union. The Africa Monetary Fund will be an African Union financial institution though in time its responsibilities will be transferred to the African Central Bank. The African Investment Bank (AIB is one of three financial institutions of the African Union (AU along with the African Monetary Fund and the African Central The New Partnership for Africa's Development ( NEPAD) is an Economic development program of the African Union. The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM is a mutually agreed instrument voluntarily acceded to by the member states of the African Union (AU as a self-monitoring mechanism When the African Union (AU was founded in 2001 it represented almost the entire African continent The individual member States of the African Union (AU coordinate foreign policy through this agency in addition to conducting their own International relations Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent The Assembly of the African Union, which is formally known as the African Union Assembly of Heads of State and Government AU-AHSG, is one of several decision-making bodies within The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African The direct precursor to this position was the Chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity. The Organisation of African Unity ( OAU) or Organisation de l'Unité Africaine ( OUA) was established on 25 May 1963.

List of Chairmen of the Organisation of African Unity

Name	Beginning of Term	End of Term	Country
Haile Selassie I	25 May 1963	17 July 1964	Ethiopia
Gamal Abdel Nasser	17 July 1964	21 October 1965	United Arab Republic
Kwame Nkrumah	21 October 1965	24 February 1966	Ghana
Joseph Arthur Ankrah	24 February 1966	5 November 1966
Haile Selassie I	5 November 1966	11 September 1967	Ethiopia
Joseph-Désiré Mobutu	11 September 1967	13 September 1968	Democratic Republic of the Congo
Houari Boumedienne	13 September 1968	6 September 1969	Algeria
Ahmadou Ahidjo	6 September 1969	1 September 1970	Cameroon
Kenneth Kaunda	1 September 1970	21 June 1971	Zambia
Moktar Ould Daddah	21 June 1971	12 June 1972	Mauritania
Hassan II	12 June 1972	27 May 1973	Morocco
Yakubu Gowon	27 May 1973	12 June 1974	Nigeria
Muhammad Siad Barre	12 June 1974	28 July 1975	Somalia
Idi Amin	28 July 1975	2 July 1976	Uganda
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam	2 July 1976	2 July 1977	Mauritius
Omar Bongo	2 July 1977	18 July 1978	Gabon
Gaafar Nimeiry	18 July 1978	12 July 1979	Sudan
William R. Tolbert, Jr.	12 July 1979	12 April 1980	Liberia
Léopold Sédar Senghor (acting)	28 April 1980	1 July 1980	Senegal
Siaka Stevens	1 July 1980	24 June 1981	Sierra Leone
Daniel arap Moi	24 June 1981	6 June 1983	Kenya
Mengistu Haile Mariam	6 June 1983	12 November 1984	Ethiopia
Julius Nyerere	12 November 1984	18 July 1985	Tanzania
Abdou Diouf	18 July 1985	28 July 1986	Senegal
Denis Sassou-Nguesso	28 July 1986	27 July 1987	Republic of the Congo
Kenneth Kaunda	27 July 1987	25 May 1988	Zambia
Moussa Traoré	25 May 1988	24 July 1989	Mali
Hosni Mubarak	24 July 1989	9 July 1990	Egypt
Yoweri Museveni	9 July 1990	3 June 1991	Uganda
Ibrahim Babangida	3 June 1991	29 June 1992	Nigeria
Abdou Diouf	29 June 1992	28 June 1993	Senegal
Hosni Mubarak	28 June 1993	13 June 1994	Egypt
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali	13 June 1994	26 June 1995	Tunisia
Meles Zenawi	26 June 1995	8 July 1996	Ethiopia
Paul Biya	8 July 1996	2 June 1997	Cameroon
Robert Mugabe	2 June 1997	8 June 1998	Zimbabwe
Blaise Compaoré	8 June 1998	12 July 1999	Burkina Faso
Abdelaziz Bouteflika	12 July 1999	10 July 2000	Algeria
Gnassingbé Eyadéma	10 July 2000	9 July 2001	Togo
Frederick Chiluba	9 July 2001	2 January 2002	Zambia
Levy Mwanawasa	2 January 2002	9 July 2002

List of Chairs of the African Union

Name	Beginning of Term	End of Term	Country
Thabo Mbeki	9 July 2002	10 July 2003	South Africa
Joaquim Chissano	10 July 2003	6 July 2004	Mozambique
Olusegun Obasanjo	6 July 2004	24 January 2006	Nigeria
Denis Sassou-Nguesso	24 January 2006	29 January 2007	Republic of the Congo
John Kufuor	29 January 2007	31 January 2008	Ghana
Jakaya Kikwete	31 January 2008	Present	Tanzania

See also

• Africa
• African Union Chairperson of the Commission

Haile Selassie I ( Ge'ez: am ኃይለ፡ ሥላሴ "Power of the Trinity " 23 July 1892 &ndash 27 August 1975 born Tafari Makonnen, was Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Gamal Abdel Nasser (جمال عبد الناصر Gamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir; - January 15 1918 September 28 1970) was the second President Events 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The United Arab Republic ( الجمهورية العربية المتحدة al-Jumhūrīyah al-‘Arabīyah al-Muttaḥidah / al-Jumhūrīyah al-‘Arabīyah Kwame Nkrumah ( September 21, 1909 - April 27, 1972) was an influential 20th century advocate of Pan-Africanism, and the leader of Events 1512 - Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the Lieutenant General Joseph Arthur Ankrah ( August 18, 1915 - November 25, 1992) served as the first commander of the Army of Ghana and Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Haile Selassie I ( Ge'ez: am ኃይለ፡ ሥላሴ "Power of the Trinity " 23 July 1892 &ndash 27 August 1975 born Tafari Makonnen, was Events 1499 - Publication of the Catholicon in Treguier ( Brittany) Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga ( October 14, 1930 September 7, 1997) known commonly as Mobutu, or Mobutu Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo often referred to as DR Congo, DRC or RDC, and formerly known or referred to Houari Boumédienne (original name Mohamed Ben Brahim Boukharouba) ( August 23, 1932 – December 27, 1978) (هواري بومدين Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo ( 24 August 1924 - 30 November 1989) was the first President of Cameroon from 1960 until 1982 Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. Kenneth David Kaunda, commonly known as KK (born April 28, 1924) served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991 Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Zambia (ˈzæmbɪə is a Landlocked country in Southern Africa. Moktar Ould Daddah ( Arabic: مختار ولد داده December 25, 1924 - October 14, 2003) was the President of Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Mauritania (موريتانيا Mūrītāniyā officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country King Hassan II (صاحب الجلالة الملك الحسن الثاني class Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa General Yakubu "Jack" Dan-Yumma Gowon (born October 19, 1934) was the head of state (Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria Events 927 - Simeon the Great, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies 1120 - Richard III of Capua is anointed Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Mohamed Siad Barre (Maxamed Siyaad Barre محمّد سياد بري) (b Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Somalia ( Soomaaliya; الصومال) officially the Somali Republic ( Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, جمهورية الصومال) and formerly known Idi Amin Dada (mid 1920s &ndash 16 August 2003 commonly known as Idi Amin, was a Ugandan military dictator and the President of Uganda Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (शिवसागर रामगुलाम, LRCP, MRCS ( 18 September 1900, Kewal Nagar Mauritius 15 December Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Mauritius (pronounced məˈrɪʃəs L’île Maurice /il mɔ'ʁis/ Mauritian Creole: Maurice) officially the Republic of Mauritius, République El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba (born Albert-Bernard Bongo on 30 December 1935) became President of Gabon in 1967 Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays Gabon (gəˈbɒn or /gaˈbõ/ in French) is a country in west central Africa sharing borders with Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Republic Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise known as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ga'far Muhammad an-Numayri; born 1 January 1930) Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. William Richard Tolbert Jr ( May 13, 1913 April 12, 1980) was president of Liberia from 1971 to 1980 Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire Sir Léopold Sédar Senghor ( 9 October 1906 20 December 2001) was a Senegalese Poet, politician and cultural theorist who Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Siaka Probyn Stevens ( 24 August 1905 &ndash 29 May 1988) was the Prime minister and later president of the Republic of Sierra "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born September 2, 1924) was the President of Kenya from 1978 until 2002 Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south Mengistu Haile Mariam (መንግስቱ ኃይለ ማርያም məngɨstu hi lə maryam (born 1937 a repression campaign against the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Party and Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Julius Kambarage Nyerere ( April 13, 1922 - October 14, 1999) served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Tanzania ˌtænzəˈniːə officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya Abdou Diouf (Abdu Juuf (born September 7, 1935) was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000 Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Denis Sassou Nguesso (born 1943 has been the President of the Republic of the Congo since 1997 he was previously President from 1979 to 1992 Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo Kongo: Repubilika ya Kongo; Lingala: Republiki ya Kongó) also known as Congo-Brazzaville Kenneth David Kaunda, commonly known as KK (born April 28, 1924) served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991 Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of Zambia (ˈzæmbɪə is a Landlocked country in Southern Africa. General Moussa Traoré (born 25 September 1936) is a Malian soldier and politician Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (République du Mali is a Landlocked nation in Western Africa. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Yoweri Kaguta Museveni ( (born c 1944 Ntungamo, Uganda) has been the President of Uganda since 29 January 1986 Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida (born August 17 1941) popularly known as IBB, was the military ruler of Nigeria from his coup Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Abdou Diouf (Abdu Juuf (born September 7, 1935) was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000 Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (زين العابدين بن علي (born 3 September 1936) has been the President of Tunisia since 7 November Events 1525 - Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the Celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. Meles Zenawi Asres (Ge'ez መለስ ዜናዊ አስረስ meles zēnāwī, b Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Paul Biya (born 13 February 1933) has been the President of Cameroon since November 6, 1982. Events 939 - The Major Occultation or Ghaybat el-Kubra of Muhammad al-Mahdi 1099 - First Crusade: 15000 Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election Blaise Compaoré (born February 3, 1951) has been the President of Burkina Faso since 1987 Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Burkina Faso (bɚˌkiːnəˈfɑːsoʊ burr-KEE-na FAH-soh) also known by its short-form name Burkina, is a Landlocked nation in West Africa Abdelaziz Bouteflika (abdəlazɪz butəflika ( عبد العزيز بوتفليقة) (born March 2 1937 in Oujda, Morocco) has been the President Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's General Gnassingbé Eyadéma, formerly Étienne Eyadéma ( December 26, 1937 – February 5 2005) was the President of Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. TOGO was a Japanese roller coaster design company famous for inventing the Stand-up roller coaster. Frederick Jacob Titus Chiluba (born April 30, 1943) served as the President of Zambia from 1991 Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of Zambia (ˈzæmbɪə is a Landlocked country in Southern Africa. Levy Patrick Mwanawasa ( 3 September 1948 – 19 August 2008) was a Zambian politician Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki (born 18 June 1942 is a South African politician who served as President of South Africa from 1999 to 24 September 2008 Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Joaquim Alberto Chissano (born 22 October 1939) served as the second President of Mozambique for nineteen years from 6 November 1986 Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa General (rtd Olusegun Aremu Okikiola Matthew Obasanjo, GCFR (Oluṣẹgun Mathew Okikiọla Arẹmu Ọbasanjọ olúʃɛ̙́ɡũ ɒ̙básandʒɒ̙́ (born circa March Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Denis Sassou Nguesso (born 1943 has been the President of the Republic of the Congo since 1997 he was previously President from 1979 to 1992 Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo Kongo: Repubilika ya Kongo; Lingala: Republiki ya Kongó) also known as Congo-Brazzaville John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor (born December 8, 1938) is the current president of Ghana, since January 7 2001. Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (born October 7 1950) is a Tanzanian politician and current President of the United Republic of Tanzania Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Tanzania ˌtænzəˈniːə officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya The Commission of the African Union serves as the AU's administrative branch and as a secretariat of the Pan African Parliament

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