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 Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis) in Gettysburg National Military Park ). The Gettysburg Battlefield was the site of the Battle of Gettysburg, fought July 1 to July 3, 1863, in and around the borough of Gettysburg | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Cercis canadensis L. | ||||||||||||||||||
 natural range |
Cercis canadensis L. (Eastern Redbud) is a large shrub or small tree native to eastern North America from southern Ontario, Canada south to northern Florida, United States. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for A shrub or Bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of Woody plant, distinguished from a Tree A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or The Eastern Half of The United States, the American East, or simply the East is traditionally defined as the states east of the Mississippi River. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
It typically grows to 8-12 m (26-39 feet) tall, with a short, often twisted trunk and spreading branches. In Botany, trunk (or bole) refers to the main structural member of a Tree that supports the Branches and is supported by and directly attached A branch ( American English ˈbræntʃ British English ˈbrɑːntʃ or tree branch (sometimes referred to in Botany as a ramus The bark is dark in color, smooth, later scaly with ridges somewhat apparent, sometimes with maroon patches. Bark, also known as periderm is the outermost layer of stems and Roots of Woody plants such as Trees It overlays the Wood and consists The twigs are slender and zigzag, nearly black in color, spotted with lighter lenticels. A twig is a small terminal Branch section that may bear leaves, Buds and sometimes the Flowers and Fruit of Plants Only A lenticel is a spongy area present in the cork surfaces of the stems roots and other parts of vascular plants The winter buds are tiny, rounded and dark red to chestnut in color. The leaves are alternate, simple, cordate in shape with an entire margin, 7-12 cm (3-5 inches) long and wide, thin and papery, and may be slightly hairy below. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis.
The flowers are showy, light to dark magenta pink in color, 1. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also 5 cm (½ inch) long, appearing in clusters from March to May, on bare stems before the leaves, sometimes on the trunk itself. The flowers are pollinated by long-tongued bees such as blueberry bees and carpenter bees. Short-tongued bees apparently cannot reach the nectaries. The fruit are flattened, dry, brown, pea-like pods, 5-10 cm (2-4 inches) long that contain flat, elliptical, brown seeds 6 mm (¼ inch) long, maturing in August to October. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. A pea (inaccurately called a '''sweet pea''' by food distubutors is most commonly the small spherical Seed or the seed-pod of the Legume Pisum A seed (in some plants referred to as a kernel) is a small embryonic Plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat usually with some stored
In some parts of southern Appalachia, green twigs from the Eastern redbud were once used as seasoning for wild game such as venison and opossum. Because of this, in these mountain areas the Eastern redbud was, and in a few locales still is, known as the spicewood tree.
In the wild, Eastern redbud is a frequent native understory tree in mixed forests and hedgerows. A tree is a perennial Woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or A forest is an area with a high density of Trees There are many definitions of a forest based on various criteria It is also much planted as a landscape ornamental plant. Landscape comprises the visible features of an area of land including physical elements such as Landforms living elements of flora and fauna abstract elements such as lighting Ornamental plants are typically grown in the flower Garden or as House plants Most commonly they are grown for the display of their Flowers Other common The leaves are eaten by the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera, for example the Io moth (Automeris io). Caterpillars are the Larval form of a member of the order Lepidoptera (the Insect order comprising butterflies and Moths Lepidoptera is an order of Insect that includes Moths and butterflies. The io moth ( Automeris io) is a very colorful North American Moth in the Saturniidae family
The redbud is the state tree of Oklahoma. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America.
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Description
Small tree, with a sturdy upright trunk which divides into stout branches that usually spread to form a broad flat head. Found on rich bottom lands throughout the Mississippi valley; will grow in the shade and often becomes a dense undergrowth in the forest. Very abundant in Arkansas, Oklahoma, and eastern Texas. Hardy far north; grows rapidly; is a satisfactory ornamental tree. Many trees are sterile and produce no fruit.
- Bark: Red brown, with deep fissures and scaly surface. Branchlets at first lustrous brown, later become darker.
- Wood: Dark reddish brown; heavy, hard, coarse-grained, not strong. Sp. gr. , 0. 6363; weight of cu. ft. 39. 65 lbs.
- Winter buds: Chestnut brown, obtuse, one-eighth inch long.
- Leaves: Alternate, simple, heart-shaped or broadly ovate, two to five inches long, five to seven-nerved, chordate or truncate at the base, entire, acute. They come out of the bud folded along the line of the midrib, tawny green, when full grown become smooth, dark green above, paler beneath. In autumn they turn bright clear yellow. Petioles slender, terete, enlarged at the base. Stipules caducous.
- Flowers: April, May, before and with the leaves, papilionaceous. Perfect, rose color, borne four to eight together, in fasciles which appear at the axils of the leaves or along the branch and sometimes on the trunk itself.
- Calyx: Dark red, campanulate, oblique, five-toothed, imbricate in bud.
- Corolla: Papilionaceous, petals five, nearly equal, pink or rose color, upper petal the smallest, enclosed in the bud by the wings, and encircled by the broader keel petals.
- Stamens: Ten, inserted in two rows on a thin disk, free, the inner row rather shorter than the others.
- Pistil: Ovary superior, inserted obliquely in the bottom of the calyx tube, stipitate; style fleshy, incurved, tipped with an obtuse stigma.
- Fruit: Legume, slightly stipitate, unequally oblong, acute at each end. Compressed, tipped with the remnants of the style, straight on upper and curved on the lower edge. Two and a half to three inches long, rose color, full grown by midsummer, falls in early winter. Seeds ten to twelve, chestnut brown, one-fourth of an inch long; cotyledons oval, flat. [1]
Images
 Eastern Redbud leaves and fruit at Minnesota Landscape Arboretum |  Buds ready to open |  |
Edibility
The Analysis of nutritional components in edible parts of eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L. The Minnesota Landscape Arboretum is a horticultural garden and Arboretum located about west of Chanhassen Minnesota at 3675 Arboretum Drive ) conducted at the Southeastern Oklahoma State University, Durant, OK, reports that;
- the flower extract contains anthocyanins
- green developing seeds contained proanythocyanids
- linolenic, alpha-linolenic, oleic and palmitic acids to be present in seeds
See also
External links
- Cercis canadensis Large format diagnostic photographs and information. These Flowers come into Bloom in early spring: Anemone ranunculoides Bloodroot Dewberry These flowers come into Bloom in late spring: Anemone ranunculoides Bloodroot Common Bluebell Morton Arboretum acc. The Morton Arboretum, in Lisle, Illinois, covers 1700 Acres (6 380-88-6
- Cercis canadensis images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu
- NCRS: USDA Plants Profile: Cercis canadensis
- [1]
References
- ^ Keeler, Harriet L. (1900). Our Native Trees and How to Identify Them. New York: Charles Scriber's Sons, 104-108.
- Hilton-Taylor (2000). Cercis canadensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List) created in 1963 is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 5 May 2006.
- GRIN-CA 2002-09-01
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