A central business district (CBD) (equivalent to a 'downtown' in American English and 'the City' in Australia & India and in the United Kingdom) is the commercial and often geographic heart of a city. Downtown is a term primarily used in North America to refer to a city's core usually in a geographical commercial and community sense Phonology North American English regional phonology In many ways compared to English English, North American English is conservative in its Phonology. The City as a linguistic term is a generic name used in various contexts to refer to a particular city Australian English ( AuE, AusE, en-AU) is the form of the English language used in Australia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In Australia, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, China (especially Hong Kong), Ireland, Kenya, New Zealand, Singapore and parts of South Africa, the phrase 'Central Business District' is in common use, and is often colloquially abbreviated to 'CBD'. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine Федерација Босне и Херцеговине) is one of the two political China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Singapore The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa One of the oldest examples of an organised CBD that is still used today, the Melbourne city centre (also known as the Hoddle Grid), dates back to 1837. The Melbourne city centre (referred to as The City or The CBD (Central Business District or more recently in planning parlance The CAD, or Central The Hoddle Grid is the layout of the streets in the centre of the Central business district of Melbourne.
Contents |
Usage
Commonwealth and Ireland
'City centre' is an alternative term, the usual phrase used in Britain and Ireland and also in some urban areas of British influenced countries (e. Delhi (दिल्ली ਦਿੱਲੀ دلی d̪ɪlːiː sometimes referred to as Dilli) is the second largest metropolis of India, with a population India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country g. the Commonwealth) and China (Chinese: 市中心, can also be translated as 'city core'). Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES In the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa, Canada and New Zealand, the term is often just shortened to 'city', as in "going to the city" (This term is also used in the New York City area in the same manner, using the term 'the city' to mean Manhattan). Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York One exception is in London where 'the City' specifically refers to the City of London financial district rather than to any other part of central London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically In the UK, Australia, Kenya, New Zealand and Ireland it is often also referred to as 'town' ("going (in)to town", "going up town" or "going down town"). In Kenya "going (in)to town" usually means going to Nairobi, while going to the 'city centre' means the financial core of Nairobi now also referred to as the CBD. The Republic of Kenya is a country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the north Somalia to the northeast Tanzania to the south Nairobi (naɪˈroʊbɪ is the capital and largest city of Kenya. Nairobi (naɪˈroʊbɪ is the capital and largest city of Kenya.
Germany
In Germany the terms 'Innenstadt' or 'Stadtmitte' may be used to describe the central business district. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Both terms can be literally translated to mean 'inner-city' and 'city-centre'. While most German cities only have one central business district, Berlin has three. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Due to Berlin's history of division during the cold war, the city contains central business districts both in West Kurfürstendamm and East Berlin (Alexanderplatz), as well as a newly built business center near the Potsdamer Platz. Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the The Kurfürstendamm, known locally as the Ku'damm, is one of the most famous avenues in Berlin, Germany. is a large open square and public transport hub in the Berlin district of Mitte in the city centre near the river Spree and the Berliner Dom ( English Potsdam Square, is an important Public square and traffic intersection in the centre of Berlin, Germany, lying about one kilometre The city's historic centre, location of the Reichstag building as well as the Brandenburg gate and most federal ministries was largely abandoned as the Berlin Wall cut through it. The Reichstag building in Berlin was constructed to house the Reichstag, the first Parliament of the German Empire. The Brandenburg Gate (Brandenburger Tor is a former City gate and one of the main symbols of Berlin and Germany. The Berlin Wall (Berliner Mauer was a physical barrier separating West Berlin from the German Democratic Republic (GDR ( East Germany) including Only after the re-unification with the construction of numerous shopping centers, government ministries, embassies, office buildings and entertainment venues, was the area revived.
Lebanon
Although officially called Beirut Central District, the Lebanese use the French term, Centre Ville, to refer to the city center, which overlooks the Saint George Bay. The Beirut Central District ( BCD) popularly known as Centre Ville, is the name given to Beirut ’s historical and geographical core, the “vibrant The Beirut Central District ( BCD) popularly known as Centre Ville, is the name given to Beirut ’s historical and geographical core, the “vibrant The Saint George Bay (known in Lebanon as Golfe de Saint-Georges) is located on the northern coast of the city of Beirut in Lebanon
Turkey
In Turkey the term 'Çarşı' is used to describe the central business district.
United States and Canada
In the United States central business districts are often referred as 'downtown' (even if there is no 'uptown'). Downtown is a term primarily used in North America to refer to a city's core usually in a geographical commercial and community sense The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In most cities the downtown area will be home to the financial district. Historic sections of a central business district may be referred to as 'oldtown' while decaying parts of the center city are commonly referred to as the 'inner city'. The inner city is the central area of a major city or metropolis The term "inner city" is sometimes not used literally, but rather evocatively, applying a negative connotation and referring paradoxically to peripheral areas blighted during a mass exodus of middle class residents.
Some cities in the United States, such as Minneapolis, Houston, and Dallas, have mixed use districts known as 'uptown' near the downtown area. Mixed-use development is the practice of allowing more than one type of use in a building or set of buildings On the other hand, in some cities, like Charlotte, 'uptown' is simply the historic name for the business center. Philadelphia and Wilmington, Delaware use the term center city instead of downtown for their central business districts. Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə Wilmington is the largest city in the state of Delaware, United States and is located at the confluence of the Christina River and Brandywine Some cities, such as Toronto, may regard as many as four business districts as being central. Toronto (təˈrɒntoʊ colloquially pronounced or) is the largest city in Canada and is the provincial capital of Ontario New York's CBD comprises by broad definition the whole southern half or third of Manhattan Island. The City of New York Manhattan Island, in New York Harbor, is much the largest part of the Borough of Manhattan, one of the Five Boroughs which form the City of New York Narrow definitions include only a square mile or two (3-5 km²) of Midtown as central, with the lowest tenth of the island, including its Financial District being a secondary business district rather than the central one. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of See also Manhattan Midtown Manhattan, or simply Midtown, is an area of Manhattan, New York City home to world-famous commercial Lower Manhattan (or downtown Manhattan) is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the The Financial District of New York City (sometimes called FiDi) is a neighborhood on the southernmost section of the borough of Manhattan which Similarly narrow and broad definitions are applied to the Chicago's Loop district. Population According to the 2000 Census, 16388 people live in the Loop
Definition
Overview
The CBD or downtown is the central district of a city, usually typified by a concentration of retail and commercial buildings. [1] Although applicable to any city, both terms usually refer to larger cities only.
The term 'city centre' (or 'city center') is similar to CBD or downtown in that both serve the same purpose for the city, and both are seen by a higher-than-usual urban density as well as the often having the tallest buildings in a city. 'City centre' differs from 'downtown' in that Downtown can be geographically located anywhere in a city, while city centre is generally located near the geographic heart of the city. London effectively has two city centres rolled into one, namely the City of London and the medieval City of Westminster. The City of Westminster ( is a borough of London with city status. Lucknow, India, has three CBDs. Lucknow is also a mansion in New Hampshire Lucknow ( लखनऊ لکھنؤ Lakhnaū) is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh The shape and type of a CBD or downtown will almost always closely reflect that city's history. Cities with maximum building height restrictions will often have a separate historic section quite apart from the financial and administrative district. By contrast in regions where the city grew up suddenly and recently, such as in the western half of North America, a single central area will often contain all the tallest buildings. In this way it has been said that downtowns as understood in North America are therefore a separate phenomenon. [2]
Central business districts usually have very small resident populations. For example, the population of the City of London declined from over 200,000 in 1700 to less than 10,000 today. In some instances, however, particularly in large Australian cities, CBD populations are to some extent increasing, since younger professional and business workers are moving into city centre apartments.
Characteristics
The land use in the central business district may follow the Core frame model of urban structure. The Core frame model is a model showing the urban structure of the Central Business District of a town or city The Core frame model is a model showing the urban structure of the Central Business District of a town or city [3] Furthermore, it is likely to have many of the following characteristics:[1]
- Geographical centre of the settlement
- Land use
- Distinct land use patterns different from the surrounding areas
- High concentration of public buildings and offices
- Very tall buildings to maximize land use of expensive real estate
- Activities concentrated in areas of functional zoning
- Major retail outlets (less the case for United States and Canada)
- Transport
- High concentration of traffic
- Great concentration of pedestrians
- High use of public transport
References
- ^ a b Central Business District (from scalloway. Land use' is also often used to refer to the distinct land use types in Zoning. A city hall or town hall is the chief administrative building of a City or Town 's administration and usually houses the city or Functional zoning is a term used to describe the phenomenon when buildings of the same function cluster together in an area of a city or town The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another A pedestrian is a person travelling on foot whether Walking or Running. org. uk website)
- ^ Reviving American downtowns - The Economist, Thursday 1 March 2007
- ^ Waugh, David Geography:An Integrated Approach 1995
Dictionary
central business district
-noun
- The central area of a city in which a concentration of certain retail and business activities takes place, especially in older cities with rail transportation.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic