The capillary fringe is the subsurface layer in which groundwater seeps up from a water table by capillary action to fill pores. Groundwater is Water located beneath the Ground surface in Soil pore spaces and in the Fractures of lithologic formations The water table is the level at which the ground water pressure is equal to Atmospheric pressure. Capillary action, capillarity, capillary motion, or wicking is the ability of a substance to draw another substance into it Pores at the base of the capillary fringe are filled with water due to tension saturation. This saturated portion of the capillary fringe is less than total capillary rise because of the presence of a mix in pore size. If pore size is small and relatively uniform, it is possible that soils can be completely saturated with water for several feet above the water table. Alternately, the saturated portion will extend only a few inches above the water table when pore size is large. Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. Capillary action supports a vadose zone above the saturated base within which water content decreases with distance above the water table. The vadose zone, also termed the unsaturated zone, is the portion of Earth between the land surface and the phreatic zone or zone of saturation ("vadose" In soils with a wide range in pore size, the unsaturated zone can be several times thicker than the saturated zone. Soil, often typeset as SOiL, is a four piece rock band from Chicago Illinois United States founded by Shaun Glass Tom Schofield Tim King and Adam Zadel The term phreatic is used in Earth sciences to refer to matters relating to ground water below the static Water table (the word originates from the Greek
Some workers restrict their definition of the capillary fringe only to the tension-saturated base portion and exclude it wholly from the vadose zone. This is more common among workers addressing solute transport and water flow. Others define the capillary fringe as including both the tension-saturated and unsaturated portions. This is the preferred definition among workers dealing with the remediation of salt affected soils as well as those dealing with the vapor phase of soil processes and bioremediation. Bioremediation can be defined as any process that uses Microorganisms Fungi, green plants or their Enzymes to return the natural environment altered It is not uncommon to see the capillary fringe treated as a boundary condition separating the water table from the unsaturated zone, without defining it as a significant part of either.
External links
- Glossary of Hydrogeologic Terms
- Origin, Occurrence and Movement of Ground Water
- Introduction to Basic Ground-Water Flow
- Unsaturated Zone
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