Canada

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Canada

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Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The politics of Canada function within a framework of Constitutional monarchy and a federal system of parliamentary government with strong democratic In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. Throughout the Commonwealth realms The Crown is an abstract metonymic concept which represents the legal authority for the existence of any government TalkCommonewalth realm.-->The monarchy of For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council The Prime Minister of Canada ( French: Premier ministre du Canada) is the primary Minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus WikipediaManual of Style (biographies#Honorific prefixes --> Stephen Joseph Harper PC The Cabinet of Canada (Cabinet du Canada plays an important role in the Government of Canada, in accordance with the Westminster System. The Twenty-Eighth Canadian Ministry is the combined Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Stephen Harper, and Secretaries of State that have governed The following list outlines the Structure of the Canadian federal government. In the Canadian cabinet the President of The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (President du Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada is nominally in charge of the Privy In Canada the Privy Council Office (Bureau du Conseil privé is the Secretariat of the federal cabinet and the department of the Prime Minister The Clerk of the Privy Council (Greffier du Conseil privé is the senior Civil servant in the government and the Secretary to the Canadian Cabinet. The Canadian Government, formally Her Majesty's Government in Canada, is the Federal government of Canada. A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada is Canada 's legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. The 39th Canadian Parliament was in session from April 3 2006 until September 7 2008 The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general The Speaker of the Senate of Canada ( French: Président du Sénat du Canada) is the presiding officer of the Senate of Canada. The Leader of the Government in the Senate (Leader du gouvernement au Sénat is a Canadian cabinet minister who leads the government side in the Canadian Senate In Canada, the Leader of the Official Opposition in the Senate ( French: Leader de l'opposition au Sénat) is the leader of the largest party in the The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and In Canada the Speaker of the House of Commons ( French: Président de la Chambre des communes) is the presiding officer of the The Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (Leader du gouvernement à la Chambre des communes more commonly known as the Government House Leader, is the In Canada Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition ( French: L'Opposition Loyale de Sa Majesté) commonly known as the Official Opposition, is usually In Canada, each political party with representation in the House of Commons has a House Leader who is a Front bench Member of Parliament (MP and an expert The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 39th Canadian parliament is listed below See also Canadian electoral system, Timeline of Canadian elections The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada has two chambers. The Canadian electoral system is based on a Parliamentary system of Government, modelled on that of the United Kingdom. The 2006 Canadian federal election (more formally the 39th General Election) was held on January 23 2006 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons of the In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State The Supreme Court of Canada ( French: Cour suprême du Canada) is the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeal in the Canadian The Supreme Court of Canada consists of the Chief Justice of Canada ( Juge en chef du Canada) and eight Puisne Justices all appointed by Beverley McLachlin PC (born September 7, 1943) is the Chief Justice of Canada, the first woman to hold that position List of final courts of appeal in Canada. For details on the court system see Canadian court system. The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law in Canada; the country's Constitution is an amalgamation of codified acts and uncodified traditions The British North America Acts 1867&ndash1975 are the original names of a series of Acts at the core of the Constitution of Canada. In many Commonwealth jurisdictions the phrase "peace order and good government" is an expression used in law to express the legitimate objects of Legislative The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (also known as The Charter of Rights and Freedoms or simply the Charter) is a Bill of rights entrenched in the The provinces and territories of Canada combine to make up the world's second largest country in total area. Canadian federalism is one of the three pillars of the constitutional order along with Responsible government and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Federal and provincial aspects Across the country the Canadian Crown is unitary the headship of state is not a part of either the federal or provincial jurisdictions In Canada, the Lieutenant-Governor (lɛfˈtɛnənt often without a Hyphen) ( French: lieutenant-gouverneur, or: lieutenant-gouverneure Executive Councils in the Provinces and territories of Canada are constitutional organs headed by the Lieutenant-Governor. National regions Provinces and territories are normally grouped into the following Regions (generally from west to east Northern Canada Canadian political culture is in some ways part of a greater North American and European political culture, which emphasizes Constitutional law The foreign relations of Canada are Canada 's relations with other governments and peoples This is a list of leaders and office-holders of Canada. See also Canadian incumbents by year. Information on politics by country is available for every Country, including both De jure and De facto independent The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general When members are appointed to represent a province, they may choose an optional senate division. In the case of Quebec they will be appointed to one of 24 fixed senate divisions. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Twenty-four senate seats are currently allotted to four regional divisions with extra seats allotted to the three territories and Newfoundland and Labrador. Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation

Senate seats

There are currently 105 seats in the Canadian Senate. Seats are divided among provinces and territories and can only change with constitutional amendment, or a constitutional provision that allows seats to change based on certain conditions. Beyond the constitutional allotment of senate seats per province, the seats are grouped into four regions of 24 seats. Provisions under section 26 of the Constitution Act exist to add up to two extra seats per region, with no more than 113 members allowed to sit in the Senate.

Seats in the Canadian Senate chamber.

Unlike seats in the House of Commons seats in the Canadian Senate are not adjusted by population. The exception to this rule was a Manitoba expansion clause under the Manitoba Act where Manitoba's seats expanded when the province reached a target population. The clause reached its peak in 1889. The intention of the founding fathers of confederation was to have equality by regions instead. A clause also exists where a province can not have fewer seats in the House of Commons than it has in the Senate.

Currently senators are appointed to a seat until the age of seventy-five. A Senate vacancy can open up earlier if a senator dies, resigns, misses a prescribed number of senate sittings, declares bankruptcy, fails to own property in his province or Quebec senate division, resigns citizenship or is convicted of a felony.

See also: Party standings and composition by seat in the Senate. Members of the Canadian Senate can choose to sit as representatives of a political party.

Evolution of Senate seats

Note:

• 1870 The Manitoba Act, 1870 allows for two Senate seats with an expansion up to four adding seats at 50,000 and 75,000 population. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Prince Edward Island (ˌprɪns ˌɛdwɚd ˈaɪlɨnd ( PEI or P Year 1873 ( MDCCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Year 1870 ( MDCCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1879 ( MDCCCLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. Year 1898 ( MDCCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Representation in the Canadian Senate is divided into seats on a provincial basis Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• 1871 The British Columbia terms of Union, 1871 provides three seats for British Columbia
• 1873 Under the Prince Edward Terms of Union 1873 Prince Edward Island was given four seats. New Brunswick and Nova Scotia lost two seats to decrease when the first two senators leave office.
• 1873 New Brunswick Senator William Steeves dies, dropping New Brunswick to 11 seats
• 1873 Nova Scotia Senator John Locke dies, dropping Nova Scotia to 11 seats. William Henry Steeves ( May 20, 1814 - December 9, 1873) was a merchant lumberman politician and Father of Canadian Confederation John Locke was a Senator from Nova Scotia, Canada from October 23 1867 to December 12 1873.
• 1874 New Brunswick Senator Robert Hazen dies, dropping New Brunswick to 10 seats
• 1874 Nova Scotia Senator Ezra Churchill dies, dropping Nova Scotia to 10 seats
• 1879 Northwest Territories granted 2 seats. Robert Leonard Hazen ( 15 October 1808 &ndash 15 August 1874) was a Canadian Lawyer, Judge, and Politician Ezra Churchill ( May 18, 1806 &ndash May 8, 1874) was a shipbuilder and a Canadian Senator for the province of Nova Scotia
• 1882 Manitoba reaches the population requirements for its third seat, it gained its fourth in 1889.
• 1903 Northwest Territories granted 2 additional seats.
• 1905 Saskatchewan and Alberta are created from the Northwest Territories with 4 seats each, under the Saskatchewan and Alberta Act's Northwest Territories loses 4 seats.
• 1915 the Western provinces division was created and the seats of the four western provinces were set to six each.
• 1949 Newfoundland & Labrador joined confederation, and was allotted six seats.
• 1975 The Yukon is granted its 1st seat, and the Northwest Territories re-gains 1 seat after 70 years.
• 1999 Nunavut was created from the Northwest Territories and allotted 1 seat.

Senate divisions

Canadian Senate divisions have two meanings, the first refers to the four regional Senate divisions of 24 senators. The four regional divisions were created with 24 senators as an attempt to provide equality among the regions of Canada. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page These regions are the Western Provinces, Ontario, Quebec and the Maritimes. Newfoundland and Labrador and the Territories are separate from the four regional divisions. These four divisions can be expanded when the need arises to have an extra two senators appointed to each regional division.

The second meaning refers to districts represented by senators from the Canadian Senate. This is a list of current members of the Canadian Senate. Currently there are sixteen vacancies in the Senate four in Quebec, three in British Columbia The Senate of Canada (Le Sénat du Canada is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the sovereign (represented by the governor general They are dissimilar to House of Commons constituencies in that they are not based upon any population measure but are either fixed in the Constitution Act 1867, in the case of Quebec, or are established upon the appointment of a senator and cease to exist when the senator leaves office. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and The Constitution Act 1867 (formerly called the British North America Act 1867, and still known informally as the BNA Act) constitutes a major part of Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk

In provinces other than Quebec, senators are appointed to represent the province as a whole and the royal proclamation makes no reference to divisions. A proclamation (Lat proclamare, to make public by announcement is an official declaration Nonetheless, some senators are said to represent specific divisions which are sometimes announced at the time of appointment and sometimes determined later. These senate divisions have no specific geographic boundaries though their names often give an obvious reference to a general geographic area. However a senator will sometimes create boundaries for their senate division even though it has no legal status. A senator can change his or her division in the same manner as party affiliation, simply by notifying the Clerk of the Senate. Some senators have created maps of their senate boundaries even though they hold no legal boundaries.

Changing senate division designations is relatively rare, only five of the current 75 non-Quebec senators have changed their divisions. Reasons for choosing a particular senate division designation vary widely, and there are no specific guidelines or precedents.

Although the origins and exact intentions of self-designated senate divisions are not clear, they were most likely a left-over provision from the October 10, 1864 Quebec City Conference. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year At that conference, Quebec argued to have its 24 senate divisions prescribed in law. In Quebec, the Constitution mandates that the 24 divisions be the same as those that Canada East held in the Legislative Council of Canada prior to Canadian confederation. For the Rugby union team that competes in the North America 4 Series, see Canada East (rugby team. The Legislative (Cowncil of the Province of Canada was the Upper house for the Province of Canada, which consisted of the former provinces of Lower Canada Canadian Confederation was the process by which the federal Dominion of Canada was formed beginning 1 July 1867 from the

Each of the three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut) has only one senator who represents the entire territory. Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the

Senators representation of constituents

Senators have the same constitutional provisions to offer services as federal members of parliament. This includes a rarely used provision to maintain a constituency office. Three senators currently have such offices. Two of the three have not designated themselves to a specific divisions, but to represent their province as a whole. While constituency offices are rare, all senators maintain an office on Parliament Hill. Parliament Hill (colloquially The Hill, French Colline du Parlement) is a scenic location on the southern banks of the Ottawa River in downtown

One feature of the Canadian Senate that sets itself apart from the Canadian House of Commons is the introduction of a Private bill. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and A private bill is an act considered or acted upon by a Legislature that helps a single individual group of individuals or corporate entity by affording relief from another The cost to introduce a private bill in the Senate is $200 compared to $500 for one in the House. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and Prior to 1961, senators had a lot more "constituency work" because divorce was in the purview of Parliament. Year 1961 ( MCMLXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Parliament of Canada (Parlement du Canada is Canada 's legislative branch, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. There is no legal obligation for providing constituency services.

Quebec regional division

Map of the Quebec regional division

The Quebec regional division was created in 1867 at the time of confederation. Quebec has had 24 seats since 1867. The region covers the entire province. Quebec is unique in that it has 24 divisions set in the Constitution Act of 1867 and defined in the Consolidated Statutes of Canada 1859. Quebec senators must own property in their represented divisions.

The senate boundaries have not been changed since 1867 making large portions of Quebec unrepresented that were added from the Northwest Territories. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Quebec can have self-designated senators when the regional expansion clause is activated. Senators who are appointed in a Quebec Senate division must hold the $4,000 property requirement inside that division.

Note:

^*Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau declined appointment to the Senate and Stadacona Senate division. Sir Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau KCMG, QC ( October 20, 1808 &ndash September 14, 1894) was a Canadian Politician Ten senators have served out terms in Stadacona.

See List of Quebec senators

Ontario regional division

The Ontario regional division was created at the time of confederation in 1867. This is a list of members of the Canadian Senate from the province of Quebec. The region covers the entire province and has not had any changes in seat numbers since 1867.

Ontario has been the most populous province and region in Canada since the birth of the country in 1867. The province has expanded its boundaries twice, to cover land once part of the Northwest Territories. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Ontario also holds more seats in the Canadian House of Commons then any other province. The House of Commons (Chambre des communes is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and

The capital of Canada, Ottawa also resides in Ontario. Ottawa (ˈɒtəwə or sometimes /ˈɒtəwɑː/ is the Capital of Canada and the country's fourth largest municipality.

Map of the Ontario regional division

Note:

1. Senator Jean-Robert Gauthier changed from Ontario to Ottawa-Vanier
2. Senator Lorna Milne changed from Brampton to Peel County
3. Senator Anne Cools changed from Toronto Centre to Toronto Centre-York

See List of Ontario senators

Western Provinces regional division

Western Provinces regional division

The Western provinces regional division was created under the Constitution Act, 1915 to bring the total to four regional divisions. Jean-Robert Gauthier, CM (born October 22, 1929) is a retired Canadian politician Lorna Anne Milne (born December 13 1934) is a Canadian Senator. Anne Clare Cools (born August 12 1943) is a member of the Canadian Senate. This is a list of past and present Canadian senators representing the province of Ontario. Six senators would represent the four western provinces Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba and Saskatchewan for a total of 24 senators. Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276

Prior to 1915 the provinces were not organized into a region, and had their own path of evolution. Manitoba gained seats on a set population expansion clause. Alberta and Saskatchewan gained seats from the Northwest Territories. British Columbia was given seats outlined in the Terms of Union.

Alberta has held popular elections for senators, although the Prime Minister is not obliged to nominate the winner of any such election to the Senate. Nonetheless, two winners of such elections have been nominated to the Senate: Senator Stan Waters was elected in the Alberta Senate nominee election, 1989, and Senator Bert Brown was also elected. Stanley Charles "Stan" Waters CD ( June 14, 1920 &ndash September 25, 1991) was Canada 's first Senator The 1st Alberta Senate nominee election was held on October 16, 1989 in Alberta, Canada. Bert Brown (born March 22, 1938) is a current Canadian Senator and retired farmer and development consultant currently residing in

Alberta

¹ Senator Nicholas Taylor changed from Bon Accord to Sturgeon. Nicholas "Nick" William Taylor (born November 17, 1927 in Bow Island, Alberta) is a retired geologist businessman and politician

British Columbia

Saskatchewan

Manitoba

The Maritimes regional division

The Maritimes regional division was created in 1867. At the time of confederation the division contained only Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Prince Edward Island was supposed to join but they stalled joining until 1873 in protest for equal representation by province rather than by region. Prince Edward Island (ˌprɪns ˌɛdwɚd ˈaɪlɨnd ( PEI or P At the Quebec Conference of 1864 the Prince Edward Island representatives believed the only safeguard for a small province would be an equal representation in the Senate. Prince Edward Island held out joining Canada until 1873 and ended up accepting the four senate seats.

On June 5, 2006 New Brunwick Premier Bernard Lord announced his province's support for possible Senate elections to be held during the New Brunswick municipal election cycle, joining Alberta as the only province actively pursuing elected Senators. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Bernard Lord, ONB (born September 27, 1965 in Roberval Quebec) is a Canadian politician Among his proposal was a plan to divide New Brunswick into five Regions or Divisions and have each represented by two Senators. Another possibility of the proposal was to have Senators remain at large for the province.

The Maritimes Regional division

New Brunswick

Nova Scotia

Prince Edward Island

The territories

The Northwest Territories, Yukon and Nunavut are currently represented by one senator each. The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the The Northwest Territories joined confederation in 1870 but did not gain representation in the Senate until 1879. The territory was granted two more seats in 1903. After Alberta and Saskatchewan were created in 1905 the Northwest Territories lost representation in the Senate until 1975 when it regained one seat under the Constitution Act 1975.

The Yukon was created out of the Northwest Territories in 1898 but did not get representation in the Senate until it was granted one seat under the Constitution Act 1975.

Nunavut was granted one seat under the Nunavut Act 1993 when the territory was created out of the Northwest Territories in 1999.

Map of the Territories

Note:

• * Senator Willie Adams' designation changed from "Northwest Territories" to "Nunavut" when Nunavut Territory was created in 1999. Willie Adams (born June 22 1934) is a Canadian politician and a member of the Senate of Canada.

• All Northwest Territories senators became part of Alberta and Saskatchewan after 1905.

See List of Canadian territorial senators

Newfoundland and Labrador

During the Quebec Conference of 1864 it was determined that Newfoundland and Labrador was a distinct region and that the territory should exist as an exception outside of the equal regional divisions, if it should enter Canada. This is a list of past and present Canadian senators from the territories of Yukon, Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. When Newfoundland and Labrador entered confederation in 1949 the Newfoundland Act confirmed the original terms of union and was given six seats in the Senate.

Map of Newfoundland and Labrador

See List of Newfoundland and Labrador senators

External links

• A Legislative and Historical Overview of the Canadian Senate

• Party Standings in the Canadian Senate
• Senators 1867 to date
• Premier Lord advocates electing Senators