British colonization of the Americas (including colonization under the Kingdom of England before the 1707 Acts of Union created the Kingdom of Great Britain) began in the late 16th century, before reaching its peak after colonies were established throughout the Americas, and a protectorate was established in Hawaii. The start of the European colonization of the Americas is typically dated to 1492 although there was at least one earlier colonization effort The history of the Americas is the collective history of North and South America, including Central America and the Caribbean. The Duchy of Courland was the smallest nation to colonize the Americas with a colony on the island of Tobago from 1654 to 1659 and intermittently from The Danish-Norwegian monarch headed a small number of countries from the 17th through the 20th centuries large portions of which were in The Americas. During the 17th century Dutch traders established trade posts and plantations throughout the Americas; actual colonization with Dutch settling in the new lands was not as common French colonization of the Americas began in the 14th century and continued in the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western The German colonization of the Americas consisted of failed attempts to settle Venezuela ( Klein-Venedig in German) St Portugal was the leading country in the European exploration of the world in the 15th century Russian colonization of the Americas proceeded in several places Scottish colonization of the Americas consisted of a number of failed or abandoned Scottish settlements in North America, a colony at Darien, The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere. The Swedish colonization of the Americas included a 17th-century colony on the Delaware River in what is now Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania As early as the 10th century Norse sailors (often referred to as Vikings explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic, including the northeastern fringes of Decolonization of the Americas refers to the process by which the countries in North America and South America gained their independence The Kingdom of England was a State (927-1707 located in Western Europe dating from the ninth or tenth century to the early eighteenth century when it was legally The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America In International law, a protectorate is a autonomous territory that is "protected" by a stronger state or entity hense the protector which engages to protect The State of Hawaii ( or həˈwaɪʔiː Hawaiian: Mokuāina o Hawaii) is a state in the United States located on an Archipelago in the The British were one of the most important colonizers of the Americas and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in extent. The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere.

This British conquest caused dramatic upheaval upon the indigenous civilizations in the Americas both directly through British military force and indirectly through cultural disruption and introduced European diseases. A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly Though many of the indigenous societies had a developed warrior class, and long history of warfare, they were not able to withstand the technologically superior British force and eventually succumbed. Many of the conquered peoples vanished or were incorporated into the colonial system.

After the American War of Independence, British territories in the Americas were granted more responsible government until they were prepared for independence. In this article the inhabitants of the thirteen colonies that supported the American Revolution are primarily referred to as "Americans" with occasional references to "Patriots" Responsible government is a conception of a System of government that embodies the principle of parliamentary accountability which is the foundation of the Westminster Independence is the Self-government of a Nation, Country, or State by its residents and population or some portion thereof generally exercising In this way, two countries in North America, ten in the Caribbean, and one in South America have received their independence from the United Kingdom. The Caribbean (ˌkærəˡbiən kæ'rəbiən Cariben|Caraïben or Caraïben; Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Caribe is a Region consisting South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Today, the United Kingdom retains eight overseas territories in the Americas, which it grants varying degrees of self-government. The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom Self-governance is an abstract concept that refers to several scales of Organization. In addition, nine former British possessions in the Americas are Commonwealth Realms, independent of, but in personal union with, the United Kingdom. A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch A personal union is the combination by which two different States are governed by the same Monarch, while their boundaries their laws and their interests remain distinct

Britain in the Americas

Three types of colonies existed in the British Empire during the height of its power. This article is about a type of political territory For other uses see Colony (disambiguation. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. These were charter colonies, proprietary colonies and royal colonies. The British Empire utilized three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth A proprietary colony is a Colony in which one or more private land owners retain rights that are normally the privilege of the state and in all cases eventually became so The British Overseas Territories are fourteen territories that are under the Sovereignty of the United Kingdom, but which do not form part of the United Kingdom

North America

Main articles: Colonial history of the United States and History of Canada

English colonies in North America

Plaque in St. The term colonial history of the United States refers to the history of the land that would become the United States from the start of European settlement to the time of independence Inhabited for millennia by First Nations ( aboriginal) the history of Canada has evolved from a group of European colonies into an officially John's, Newfoundland, commemorating Gilbert's founding of the British overseas Empire

A number of English colonies were established under a system of independent Proprietary Governors, who were appointed under mercantile charters to English joint stock companies to found and run settlements. Proprietary Governors were individuals authorized to govern proprietary colonies A charter is the grant of authority or rights stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified A joint stock company (JSC is a type of business entity it is a type of Corporation or Partnership.

England also took over the Dutch colony of New Netherland (including the New Amsterdam settlement) which was renamed the Province of New York in 1664. During the 17th century Dutch traders established trade posts and plantations throughout the Americas; actual colonization with Dutch settling in the new lands was not as common New Netherland (Dutch Nieuw-Nederland, Latin Novum Belgium or Nova Belgica) 1614–1674 is the name of the former Dutch territory on the eastern coast New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam was a 17th-century Dutch colonial settlement that later became New York City. The Province of New York (1664-1776 (Provincie New York resulted from the capture of the Dutch Republic colony of Provincie Nieuw-Nederland by the With New Netherland, the English also came to control the former New Sweden (in what is now Delaware), which the Dutch had conquered earlier. New Sweden ( Nya Sverige in Swedish and Uusi-Ruotsi in Finnish) was a small Swedish settlement along the Delaware River Delaware ( is a state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This later became part of Pennsylvania after it was established in 1680. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern

Scottish colonies in North America

Main article: Scottish colonization of the Americas

There was also an early unsuccessful attempt by the Kingdom of Scotland to establish a colony at Darién, and the short-lived Scottish colonisation of Nova Scotia (Latin: "New Scotland") from 1629 to 1632. Scottish colonization of the Americas consisted of a number of failed or abandoned Scottish settlements in North America, a colony at Darien, The Kingdom of Scotland ( Gaelic: Rìoghachd na h-Alba, Scots: Kinrick o Scotland) was a State in northwest Europe The Darien scheme (colony of New Caledonia was an unsuccessful attempt by the Kingdom of Scotland to establish a Colony on the Isthmus of Panama in the Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Thousands of Scotsmen also participated in the English colonization even before the two countries were united in 1707.

British colonies in North America

The Kingdom of Great Britain acquired the French colony of Acadia in 1713 and then Canada and the Spanish colony of Florida in 1763. The Kingdom of Great Britain, also known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain, was a State in northwest Europe, in existence from 1707 to 1800 French colonization of the Americas began in the 14th century and continued in the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western The Association for Computer Aided Design In Architecture ( ACADIA) is a Non-profit organization active in the area of Computer-aided architectural design Canada was the name of the French colony that once stretched along the St The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spain 's conquest settlement and rule over much of the Western hemisphere. Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the After being renamed the Province of Quebec, the former French Canada was divided in two Provinces, the Canadas, consisting of the old settled country of Lower Canada (today Quebec) and the newly settled Upper Canada (today Ontario). Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Upper Canada and Lower Canada, collectively referred to as the Canadas, were two British colonies in Canada.

In the north, the Hudson's Bay Company actively traded for fur with the indigenous peoples, and had competed with French fur traders. The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal Fur. For indigenous peoples in the United States other than Hawaii and Alaska see also Native Americans in the United States. The company came to control the entire drainage basin of Hudson Bay called Rupert's Land. Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land" was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that The small parts of the Hudson Bay drainage which are south of the 49th parallel went to the United States in in the Anglo-American Convention of 1818. 49th Parallel ( is the third film made by the British writer-director team of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Convention respecting fisheries boundary and the restoration of slaves between the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the

Thirteen of Great Britain's colonies rebelled, beginning in 1776, primarily over representation, local laws and tax issues, and established the United States of America. The Thirteen Colonies were part of what became known as British America, a name that was used by Great Britain until the Treaty of Paris (1783 recognized the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Great Britain also colonised the west coast of North America, indirectly via the Hudson's Bay Company licenses west of the Rocky Mountains, the Columbia and New Caledonia fur districts, most of which were jointly claimed as the Oregon Country by the United States from 1818 until the 49th Parallel was established as the international boundary west of the Rockies by the Oregon Treaty of 1846. The human history of the west coast of North America is believed to stretch back to the arrival of the earliest people over the Bering Strait, or alternately along a now-submerged The Canadian Rockies comprise the Canadian segment of the North American Rocky Mountains range. The Columbia District was a fur trading district in the Pacific Northwest region of British North America in the 19th century Main article History of British Columbia New Caledonia was the name given to a district of the Hudson's Bay Company that comprised the territory largely Oregon Country or Oregon (to be distinguished from the American State also called Oregon) was a predominantly American term referring to The Convention respecting fisheries boundary and the restoration of slaves between the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the The Oregon Treaty, officially known as the Treaty with Great Britain in Regard to Limits Westward of the Rocky Mountains, Buchanan-Packenham For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display The colonies of Vancouver Island, founded in 1849, and the Colony of British Columbia, founded in 1858, were combined in 1866 with the name Crown Colony of British Columbia until joining Confederation in 1871. See main article Vancouver Island Vancouver Island (officially known as the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies was a Crown colony of British Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Colony of British Columbia was a Crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1871. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1866 ( MDCCCLXVI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia was the name informally given to the defacto amalgamation of the two crown colonies from 1866 until their incorporation Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common British Columbia also was expanded with the inclusion of the Stikine Territory in 1863, and upon joining Confederation with the addition of the Peace River Block, formerly part of Rupert's Land. Stikine Territory (usually spelled Stickeen Territory or Stikeen Territory in the 19th century and also in plural form as Stickeen Territories, which was Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Peace River Block is an 3500000 Acre (14000 km² area of land located in northeastern British Columbia, in the Peace River Country.

In 1867, the colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (the southern portion of modern-day Ontario and Quebec) combined to form a self-governing dominion, named Canada, within the British Empire. New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's The Province of Canada or the United Province of Canada was a British colony in North America from 1841 to 1867 Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk A dominion, often Dominion, refers to one of a group of autonomous polities under sovereign authority within the British Empire and Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Quebec (including what is now the southern portion of Ontario) and Nova Scotia (including what is now New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island) had been ceded to Britain by the French. Prince Edward Island (ˌprɪns ˌɛdwɚd ˈaɪlɨnd ( PEI or P The colonies of Prince Edward Island and British Columbia joined over the next six years, and Newfoundland joined in 1949. Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory were ceded to Canada in 1870. Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land" was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that For other geographical names that use the term "Northwest" see Northwest. This area now consists of the provinces of Manitoba (admitted after negotiation between Canada and a Métis provisional government in 1870), Saskatchewan, and Alberta (both created in 1905), as well as the Northwest Territories, the Yukon Territory (created 1898, following the start of the Klondike Gold Rush), and Nunavut (created in 1999). Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America The Métis are descendants of marriages of Cree, Ojibway Algonquin, Saulteaux, and Menominee aboriginals to Europeans, Saskatchewan (səˈskætʃəwən) is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of 588276 Alberta (ælˈbɝtə is one of Canada's prairie provinces. It became a province on September 1 1905 The Northwest Territories (ˌnɔrθˌwɛstˈtɛrɨtɔriz ( NWT or NT; French, les Territoires du Nord-Ouest) is a territory Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. The Klondike Gold Rush, infrequently referred to as the Yukon Gold Rush or Alaska Gold Rush, was a frenzy of Gold rush Immigration to and for Nunavut (ˈnuːnəvʊt ( Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ is the largest and newest territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the

List of British colonies in North America

The British Colonies in North America, 1763-1775

• Roanoke Colony, founded 1586, abandoned the next year. Second attempt in 1587 disappeared (also called the Lost Colony).
• Virginia Company, chartered 1606 and became the Virginia Colony in 1624
  • London Company
    • Jamestown Settlement, founded 1607. The Virginia Company refers collectively to a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I in 1606 with the purposes of establishing The Colony of Virginia (also known frequently as the Virginia Colony and occasionally as the Dominion and Colony of Virginia) was the English colony The London Company (also called the Charter of the Virginia Company of London) was an English Joint stock company established by royal charter by The James Settlement was the first permanent English settlement in North America.
    • Bermuda, these islands, located in the North Atlantic, were first settled in 1609 by the London Virginia Company; Administration passed to The Somers Isles Company, formed by the same shareholders, in 1615. Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. The Somers Isles Company was formed in 1615 to operate the English colony of the Somers Isles also known as Bermuda, as a commercial venture Also known officially as The Somers Isles, they remain a British overseas territory.
    • Citie of Henricopolis, founded in 1611 as an alternative to the swampy Jamestown site and was destroyed in the Indian massacre of 1622. The "Citie of Henricus ", also known as Henricopolis or Henrico Town, was a city founded by Sir Thomas Dale in 1611 as an alternative The Indian massacre of 1622 (also known as the Jamestown Massacre) occurred in the Virginia Colony on Good Friday, March 22, 1622.
  • Plymouth Company
    • Popham Colony, founded 1607, abandoned 1608
• Society of Merchant Venturers (Newfoundland)
  • Cuper's Cove, founded 1610, abandoned in the 1620s
  • Bristol's Hope, founded 1618, abandoned in the 1630s
• London and Bristol Company (Newfoundland)
  • Renews, founded 1615, (abandoned in 1619^[1])
    • Jamestown Settlement, founded 1607. The Plymouth Company (the Plymouth Adventurers, also called the Virginia Company of Plymouth or simply Virginia Bay Company) was an English The Popham Colony (also known as the Sagadahoc Colony) was a short-lived English colonial settlement in North America that was founded in 1607 and The Society of Merchant Venturers (or just the "Merchant Venturers") is a private charitable organisation in the English city of Bristol, which Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Cuper's Cove, on the southwest shore of Conception Bay on Newfoundland 's Avalon Peninsula was an early English settlement in the New World Bristol's Hope is a Canadian community in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The London and Bristol Company came about in the early 1600’s when English merchants had begun to express an interest in the Newfoundland fishery Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Renews-Cappahayden is a small fishing Town on the southern shore of Newfoundland, 83 kilometres south of St The James Settlement was the first permanent English settlement in North America.
• St. John's, Newfoundland, chartered by Sir Humphrey Gilbert in 1583; seasonal settlements ca. St John's (ˌseɪntˈdʒanz French Saint-Jean) is the provincial capital of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada and located on the eastern tip Sir Humphrey Gilbert (c 1539 &ndash 9 September 1583was an English murderer Adventurer, Explorer, Member of parliament, and soldier from Devon 1520^[2]; informal year-round settlers before 1620. ^[3][4]
• Plymouth Council for New England
  • Plymouth Colony, founded 1620, merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1691
• Ferryland, Newfoundland granted to George Calvert, 1st Lord Baltimore in 1620, first settlers in August 1621^[5]
• Province of Maine, granted 1622, dissolved 1677
• South Falkland, Newfoundland, founded 1623 by Henry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland
• Province of New Hampshire, later New Hampshire settled in 1623, see also New Hampshire Grants
• Dorchester Company Colony, (Dorchester Company planted an unsuccessful fishing colony on Cape Ann at modern Gloucester, Massachusetts in 1624)
• Salem Colony, later Salem, Massachusetts, settled in 1628, merged with Massachusetts Bay Colony the next year
• Massachusetts Bay Colony, later part of Massachusetts, founded 1629
• New Scotland, in present Nova Scotia, 1629-1632
• Connecticut Colony, later part of Connecticut founded 1633
• Province of Maryland, later Maryland, founded in 1634
• New Albion, chartered in 1634, failed by 1649-50. The Plymouth Council for New England was the name of a 17th century English Joint stock company that was granted a royal charter to found colonial settlements Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth or The Old Colony) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 until 1691 The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Ferryland is a town in Newfoundland and Labrador on the Avalon Peninsula. George Calvert 1st Baron Baltimore ( c 1580 &ndash 15 April 1632 was an English Politician and coloniser. Baron Baltimore, of Baltimore in County Cork, is an extinct title in the Peerage of Ireland. The Province of Maine refers to several English colonies of that name that existed in the 17th century along the northeast coast of North America, at times roughly South Falkland was a colony in Newfoundland established by Henry Cary 1st Viscount Falkland in 1623 on territory in the Avalon Peninsula including the Newfoundland and Labrador (ˈnuːfɨn(dlənd ən(d ˈlæbrəˌdɔr (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador is a province of Canada, the tenth and latest to join the Confederation Henry Cary 1st Viscount Falkland (c 1575-September 1633 was a coloniser and military officer The Province of New Hampshire was a crown colony organized on October 7, 1691 during the period of British colonization of the Americas. New Hampshire ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The New Hampshire Grants or Benning Wentworth Grants were Land grants made between 1749 and 1764 by the provincial governor of New Hampshire, This article is about Gloucester Massachusetts USA there are other places called Gloucester Gloucester (ˈglɒstɚ) is a city on Salem is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The Massachusetts Bay Colony (sometimes called the Massachusetts Bay Company, for the institution that founded it was an English settlement on the east coast of North America New Scotland may refer to the historical name for Nova Scotia, or its colonies New Scotland Harwich Chatham-Kent Ontario, in Canada Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's The Colony of Connecticut was an English colony that became the U Connecticut ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The Province of Maryland was an English colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776 when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen colonies New Albion was the name given to an area of modern-day New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Maryland in the United States where colonization was unsuccessfully Not to be confused with Nova Albion on the Pacific coast (see next section). This article is about the area claimed by Francis Drake For the region named by Sir Edmund Plowden, see New Albion (colony, and for the town in western New
• Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, first settled in 1636
• New Haven Colony, founded 1638
• Province of New York, captured 1664
• Province of New Jersey, captured in 1664
  • divided into West Jersey and East Jersey after 1674, each held by its own company of Proprietors. Providence Plantation was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a theologian independent preacher and linguist on land gifted by the Narragansett sachem Canonicus The New Haven Colony was an English colonial venture in present-day Connecticut in North America from 1637 to 1662. The Province of New York (1664-1776 (Provincie New York resulted from the capture of the Dutch Republic colony of Provincie Nieuw-Nederland by the The Province of New Jersey was an English Colony that existed within the boundaries of the current U New Jersey was governed as two distinct provinces East Jersey and West Jersey, for the 28 years between 1674 and 1702. East Jersey, together with West Jersey, was a distinct separately governed Province of New Jersey that existed for 28 years between 1674 and 1702 The word proprietary indicates that a party or proprietor exercises private Ownership, control or use over an item of Property.
• Rupert's Land, territory of the Hudson's Bay Company, founded in 1670
• Province of Pennsylvania, later Pennsylvania, founded 1681 as an English colony, although first settled by Dutch and Swedes
• Delaware Colony, later Delaware, separated from Pennsylvania in 1704
• Carolina Colony
  • North Carolina, first settled at Roanoke in 1586, became separate colony in 1710
  • Province of South Carolina, first permanent settlement in 1670, became separate colony in 1710. Rupert's Land, also sometimes called "Prince Rupert's Land" was a territory in British North America, consisting of the Hudson Bay drainage basin, that The Province of Pennsylvania, also known as Pennsylvania Colony, was a North American colony granted to William Penn on March 4, 1681 The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( often colloquially referred to as PA (its abbreviation by natives and Northeasterners is a state located in the Northeastern Delaware Colony was an English Colony in North America. Settlement From the early Dutch settlement in 1631 to the colony’s Delaware ( is a state located on the Atlantic Coast in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. The Province of Carolina from 1663 to 1712, was a North American British proprietary Colony, controlled by eight English noblemen North Carolina ( is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the southeastern United States The South Carolina Colony was originally part of the Province of Carolina, which was chartered in 1653
• Province of Georgia, later Georgia; first settled in about 1670, formal colony in 1732
• Nova Scotia, site of abortive Scottish colony in 1629; British colony 1713, but this did not permanently include Cape Breton Island until 1758. The Province of Georgia (also Georgia Colony) was one of the Southern colonies in British North America. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule Nova Scotia (ˌnəʊvəˈskəʊʃə ( Latin for New Scotland; Alba Nuadh Nouvelle-Écosse is a Canadian province located on Canada 's Cape Breton Island ( French: île du Cap-Breton - formerly île Royale, Scottish Gaelic: Eilean Cheap Breatuinn,
• Quebec, which had been called Canada under French rule. Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Canada was by far the most settled portion of New France. The Viceroyalty of New France (Nouvelle-France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period extending from the exploration of the Britain gained complete control of French Canada in 1759-1761, during the Seven Years' War; France ceded title with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The Seven Years' War (1756&ndash1763 involved all of the major European powers of the period causing 900000 to 1400000 deaths The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on February 10, 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain
• East Florida and West Florida, acquired from Spain in 1763 in exchange for returning Cuba, taken from Spain in 1761; the Floridas were recovered by Spain in 1783. East Florida was originally a part of Spanish Florida. Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1763, which ended the Seven Years' War, Spain ceded West Florida was a region on the north shore of the Gulf of Mexico, which underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la
• Island of St. John, separated from Nova Scotia 1769, renamed Prince Edward Island in 1798
• New Brunswick, separated from Nova Scotia in 1784
• Ontario, separated from Quebec in 1791 as Upper Canada
• Colony of Vancouver Island, Hudson's Bay Company Fort Victoria founded in 1843, royal charter for the Island as a colony in 1849, merged with the colony of h British Columbia in 1866. Prince Edward Island is a Canadian province consisting of an Island of the same name New Brunswick ( French: Nouveau-Brunswick /nuvobʁɔnzwik/ is one of Canada 's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec The Province of Upper Canada (French Province du Haut-Canada) was a British colony located in what is now the southern portion of the Province of Ontario See main article Vancouver Island Vancouver Island (officially known as the Island of Vancouver and its Dependencies was a Crown colony of British Fort Victoria may refer to Fort Victoria (Alberta, Canada Fort Victoria (British Columbia, Canada Fort Victoria
• Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands, founded in 1853, merged with the Colony of Vancouver Island in 1863. The Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands was a British colony constituting the archipelago of the same name from 1853 to July 1863 when it was amalgamated into the Colony
• Colony of British Columbia, aka the Mainland Colony or the Gold Colony, founded in 1858 from the New Caledonia fur district and the remnant of the Columbia fur district north of the 49th Parallel (see below). The Colony of British Columbia was a Crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1871. Main article History of British Columbia New Caledonia was the name given to a district of the Hudson's Bay Company that comprised the territory largely The Columbia District was a fur trading district in the Pacific Northwest region of British North America in the 19th century The colony was expanded with the addition of the Stikine Territory (aka Stickeen Territory) and the Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands in 1863. Stikine Territory (usually spelled Stickeen Territory or Stikeen Territory in the 19th century and also in plural form as Stickeen Territories, which was The Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands was a British colony constituting the archipelago of the same name from 1853 to July 1863 when it was amalgamated into the Colony
• United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, formed in 1866 from a merger of the Vancouver Island and Mainland Colonies. The United Colonies of Vancouver Island and British Columbia was the name informally given to the defacto amalgamation of the two crown colonies from 1866 until their incorporation The name British Columbia was chosen for the newly-merged colony despite the opposition from Vancouver Island colonists.

Non-colonial British territories in North America

• Columbia District, the trading area of the Columbia Department of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1821 to the Oregon Treaty of 1846, by which most of the Columbia District was formally annexed to the United States. The Columbia District was a fur trading district in the Pacific Northwest region of British North America in the 19th century The Oregon Treaty, officially known as the Treaty with Great Britain in Regard to Limits Westward of the Rocky Mountains, Buchanan-Packenham For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display
• New Caledonia, first settled in 1805, administered by Hudson's Bay Company from 1821, until incorporated as the Colony of British Columbia in 1858. Main article History of British Columbia New Caledonia was the name given to a district of the Hudson's Bay Company that comprised the territory largely The Colony of British Columbia was a Crown colony in British North America from 1858 until 1871.
• Stikine Territory, aka Stickeen Territory, founded in 1862 in response to the Stikine Gold Rush in order to prevent an American takeover. Stikine Territory (usually spelled Stickeen Territory or Stikeen Territory in the 19th century and also in plural form as Stickeen Territories, which was
• North-Western Territory, a Hudson's Bay Company trading area covering lands north and northwest of Rupert's Land. For other geographical names that use the term "Northwest" see Northwest. Its remnant was incorporated at the Yukon Territory after part of it was amalgamated to British Columbia.
• (Nova Albion, never incorporated or settled, exact location unknown, claimed by Sir Francis Drake and one of the precedents for the British claims to the Pacific Northwest during the Oregon boundary dispute. This article is about the area claimed by Francis Drake For the region named by Sir Edmund Plowden, see New Albion (colony, and for the town in western New The Pacific Northwest is a region in the northwest of North America (the term refers to the land not the ocean The Oregon boundary dispute (or Oregon question) arose as a result of competing British and American claims to the Pacific Northwest of

British Caribbean colonies

In order of settlement or founding:

• Saint Kitts - The island was settled by Sir Thomas Warner in 1623. Saint Kitts (also known more formally as Saint Christopher Island ( Saint-Christophe in French) is an Island in the West Indies The following year the French also settled part of St Kitts. After they massacred the Caribs, the British and French turned on each other and St Kitts changed hands between the two several times before the 1783 Treaty of Paris gave the island to Britain. Cariban languages Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people after whom the Caribbean Sea was named live in the Lesser Antilles islands The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, and approved by the Congress of the Confederation on January 14, 1784, formally It became independent as Saint Kitts and Nevis in 1983. The Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis (also known as the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis) located in the Leeward Islands, is a federal two-island
• Barbados - The island was settled in 1625. Barbados ( Portuguese word for bearded-ones, bɑrˈbeɪdoʊz -dɒs situated just east of the Caribbean Sea, is an independent Island nation It became independent in 1966.
• Nevis - The island was permanently settled in 1628. NEVIS, or New Exhaust Valve & Intake System, is a type of Internal combustion engine developed by Cesare Bortone in cooperation with the University It became independent as Saint Kitts and Nevis in 1983.
• Providence Island - part of an archipelago off the coast of Nicaragua, this island was settled in 1630 by English Puritans. Providence Island may refer to Providencia Island, part of the Archipelago of San Andres Providencia and Santa Catalina, which was settled by the Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A Puritan of 16th and 17th century England was an associate of any number of religious groups advocating for more "purity" of Worship and Doctrine, The colony was conquered by the Spanish and became extinct in 1641. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The island today is Providencia Island which is administered by Colombia. Isla de Providencia or Old Providence is a mountainous Caribbean island. Colombia (kəˈlʌmbɪə officially the Republic of Colombia () is a country in northwestern South America. Providence Island was a sister colony to the more well known Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Massachusetts Bay Colony (sometimes called the Massachusetts Bay Company, for the institution that founded it was an English settlement on the east coast of North America
• Antigua - The island was settled in 1632. Antigua (ænˈtiːgə an-TEE-gah) is an Island in the West Indies, in the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean region the main It became independent as Antigua and Barbuda in 1981
• Barbuda - The island was settled about 1632. Antigua and Barbuda ( Spanish for "Ancient" and "Bearded" is an Island nation located on the eastern boundary of the Caribbean Sea Barbuda is an Island in the Eastern Caribbean, and forms part of the state of Antigua and Barbuda. It became independent as Antigua and Barbuda in 1981.
• Montserrat - The island was settled in 1632. Montserrat (ˌmɒntsəˈræt is British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands called the Lesser Antilles It was occupied by the French in 1664-68 and 1782-84. It remains a British territory.
• Bahamas - The islands were settled from 1647. The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an independent sovereign English -speaking country consisting of two thousand Cays and They became independent in 1971.
• Anguilla - The island was settled in 1650. Anguilla (English pronunciation ang-GWILL-ah, æŋˈɡwɪlə is a British overseas territory in the Caribbean, one of the most northerly of the Leeward Its government was united with St. Christopher from 1882 until 1967, when it declared its separation. It was brought back under British administration in 1969. It remains a British territory.
• Jamaica - The island was conquered from Spain in 1655. Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. It became independent in 1962.
• British Virgin Islands - The islands were settled from 1666. The British Virgin Islands ( BVI) is a British overseas territory, located in the Caribbean to the east of Puerto Rico. They remain a British territory.
• Cayman Islands - The islands were acquired from Spain in 1670. The Cayman Islands are a British overseas territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, comprising the islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac It remains a British territory.
• Turks and Caicos Islands - The islands were first permanently settled in the 1750s. The Turks and Caicos Islands ( TCI) (ˈtɜːks ænd ˈkeɪkəs are a British Overseas Territory consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the West Indies They remain a British territory.
• Dominica - The island was captured from the French in 1761. The Commonwealth of Dominica, commonly known as Dominica, is an Island nation in the Caribbean Sea. The French occupied it again from 1778 to 1783. Dominica became independent in 1978.
• Trinidad and Tobago - The island of Tobago was captured in 1762. The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ˈtrɪnɪdæd ən təˈbeɪgoʊ is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American The island of Trinidad was captured from the Spanish in 1797. The two governments were joined in 1888. They became independent in 1962.
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Saint Vincent was colonized in 1762. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles chain of the Caribbean Sea. France captured it in 1779 but returned it to Britain in 1783. The islands were formerly part of the British colony of the British Windward Islands from 1871 to 1958. The British Windward Islands was a British colony existing between 1833 and 1960 and consisting of the islands of Grenada, St Lucia, Saint Vincent The nation gained full independence in 1979.
• Grenada - The island was conquered from France in 1762. Grenada (grɪˈneɪdə is an Island nation that includes the southern Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. The French reoccupied it from 1779 to 1783. It became independent in 1974.
• Saint Lucia - The island was captured from the French in 1778, but returned to them in 1783. Saint Lucia (ˌseɪnt ˈluːʃɪə is an Island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. In 1796 and in 1803 it was captured again, to be permanently annexed by Britain in 1814. St Lucia became independent in 1979.

British Central and South American colonies

• Belize - English adventurers starting in 1638, used Belize as a source for logwood, a tree used to make a wool dye. Belize (bəˈliːz formerly British Honduras, is a country in Central America. Logwood ( Haematoxylum campechianum) is a tree in the legume family that has been and to a lesser extent remains of great economic importance Wool is the fiber derived from the specialized skin cells called follicles of animals in the Caprinae family principally sheep, but the hair of certain species A dye can generally be described as a Colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied The area was claimed by Spain but they had not settled it or been able to control the natives. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Spanish destroyed the British colony in 1717, 1730, 1754 and 1779. The Spanish attacked a final time in 1798, but were defeated. The colony was known as 'British Honduras' until 1973, whereupon its name changed to 'Belize'. British Honduras was the former name of what is now the independent nation of Belize and was a British colony on the east coast of Central Although Guatemalan claims to Belize delayed independence, full independence was granted in 1981. Guatemala (República de Guatemala) is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west the Pacific Ocean to the southwest ^[6]
• Mosquito Coast - This area was first settled in 1630. The Caribbean Mosquito Coast (or Miskito Coast) historically consisted of an area along the Atlantic coast of present-day Nicaragua, named after its native It was briefly assigned to Honduras in 1859 along with the Bay Islands north of the country, then ceded to Nicaragua in 1860 and the area was disputed until a treaty in 1965 divided the Mosquito coast for each country. Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. Bay Islands may refer to Bay Islands (department, Honduras Bay Islands (Queensland, Australia See also Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America
• British Guiana - The English began colonies in the Guiana area in the early 17th century. British Guiana was the name of the British Colony on the northern coast of South America, now the independent nation of Guyana. In the Treaty of Breda, the Dutch gained control of these colonies. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Britain later controlled various colonies in the area. The Congress of Vienna (1815) awarded the settlements of Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo in the Guiana region to Great Britain; they were united as British Guiana in 1831. The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe, chaired by the Austrian statesman Clemens Wenzel von Metternich Berbice is a region in Guyana, sometimes known as the "ancient county Demerara in South America was one of the original British colonies that were joined into the colony of British Guiana, now Guyana. British Guiana was the name of the British Colony on the northern coast of South America, now the independent nation of Guyana. It became independent as Guyana in 1966. Guyana (ɡaɪˈænə or /ɡiːˈɑːnə/ officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is the only Nation state
• Falkland Islands - The first British base of 1765 was abandoned in 1774. The Islands continued under British control since the Argentine settlement was expelled in 1833, save for a brief Argentine occupation during the Falklands War in 1982. The Falklands War (Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur also called the Falklands Conflict/Crisis, was fought in 1982 between Argentina and the

See also

• Atlantic world
• British America
• British North America
• British West Indies
• British Empire
• Colonial history of the United States
• Colonialism
• Frontier
• History of Canada
• History of the British Empire
• Imperialism
• Kecoughtan, Virginia, claims to be oldest continually occupied British settlement in the U. The Atlantic World is an organizing concept for the historical study of the Atlantic Ocean rim from the beginning of the Age of Exploration to the Modern era For American people of British descent see British American. British America consisted of the British Empire in continental North America British North America consisted of the colonies and territories of the British Empire in continental North America after the end of the American Revolutionary The term British West Indies refers to territories in and around the Caribbean which were at one time colonised by the United Kingdom. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. The term colonial history of the United States refers to the history of the land that would become the United States from the start of European settlement to the time of independence See Colony and Colonization for examples of colonialism which do not refer to Western colonialism A frontier is a Political and Geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary, or of a different nature Inhabited for millennia by First Nations ( aboriginal) the history of Canada has evolved from a group of European colonies into an officially The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Imperialism has two meanings one describing an action and the other describing an attitude Kecoughtan in Virginia was originally named Kikotan (also spelled Kiccowtan Kikowtan as well as Kecoughtan presumably a word for the Native Americans living there S.
• Thirteen Colonies
• quia emptores

Footnotes

External links

• The Modern History Sourcebook has the account of the Gilbert's trip to North America