Breakbeat (sometimes breakbeats or breaks) is a term used to describe a collection of sub-genres of electronic music, usually characterized by the use of a non-straightened 4/4 drum pattern (as opposed to the steady beat of house or trance). Oldskool jungle is the name given to a style of Electronic music that incorporates influences from genres including Breakbeat hardcore, techno, This is a list of Electronic music genres sub-genres and styles though for the latter not all possess their own article (in which case see the main genre article In Electronic music, acid breaks is a fusion between Breakbeat and acid forms of Techno music. Big beat (sometimes called chemical breaks) is a term deployed in the mid 1990s by the British music press to describe the music of The Chemical Brothers, Breakbeat hardcore ( Rave music) is a derivate of Acid house that combines 4-to-the-floor rhythms with breakbeats and is associated with UK Rave scene Breakcore is a loosely defined electronic music style that brings together elements of Industrial, jungle, Hardcore techno and IDM into a breakbeat-oriented Broken beat is an Electronic music Genre which can be characterized by syncopated rhythm typically in 4/4 metre, with staggered or punctuated Hardcore breaks is a Genre of Electronic music written in the style of Old skool Rave music or Breakbeat hardcore using modern technology Nu skool breaks (often abbreviated to nuskool or breaks) is a term used to describe a sub-genre of Breakbeat. Progressive electronic dance music (often referred to as just progressive) usually refers to differentiate various offshoot styles of Electronic dance music from Breakstep is a breakbeat influenced subgenre of UK garage - originally called breakbeat garage, now more often referred to as 'breakstep Florida breaks, also referred to as Florida breakbeat, Funky Breaks, and Tampa Breaks, is a Genre of Breakbeat music which as the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Electronic music is music that employs Electronic musical instruments and Electronic Music technology in its production House music is a style of Electronic dance music initially popularized in mid-1980s Discothèques catering to the African-American, Latino Trance is a style of Electronic dance music that developed in the 1990s These rhythms may be characterised by their intensive use of syncopation and polyrhythms. In Music, syncopation includes a variety of Rhythms which are in some way unexpected in that they deviate from the strict succession of regularly spaced

History

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, hip-hop DJs (starting with Kool DJ Herc) began using several breaks (the part of a funk or jazz song in which the music "breaks" to let the rhythm section play unaccompanied) in a row to use as the rhythmic basis for hip-hop songs. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Turntablism is the art of manipulating sounds and creating music using phonograph turntables and a DJ mixer. Clive Campbell (born April 16 1955 AKA Kool Herc, DJ Kool Herc and Kool DJ Herc, is a Jamaican-born DJ who is credited as originating Hip hop In Popular music a break is an Instrumental or percussion section or interlude during a song derived from or related to Stop-time &ndash being Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States A rhythm section is the Musicians in a Popular music band or ensemble who establish the Rhythmic pulse of a Song or musical Kool DJ Herc's breakbeat style was to play the same record on two turntables and play the break repeatedly by alternating between the two records (letting one play while spinning the second record back to the beginning of the break). Clive Campbell (born April 16 1955 AKA Kool Herc, DJ Kool Herc and Kool DJ Herc, is a Jamaican-born DJ who is credited as originating Hip hop This style was copied and improved upon by early hip hop DJs Afrika Bambaataa and Grand Wizard Theodore. Afrika Bambaataa (born Kevin Donovan on April 17, 1957) is an American DJ from the South Bronx, who was instrumental in the Grand Wizard Theodore (real name Theodore Livingston also known as GrandWizzard Theodore or DJ GrandWizzard Theodore, is a hip hop DJ. ^[1] This style was extremely popular in clubs and dance halls because the extended breakbeat was the perfect backdrop for breakdancers to show their skills. Breakdance, breaking, b-boying or b-girling is a Street dance style that evolved as part of the hip hop movement among

The Amen Break, a drum break from The Winston's song "Amen, Brother" is widely regarded as the most used break ever. The "Amen break" (usually ɑːˈmɛn was a drum solo performed by Gregory Sylvester "G This break was first used on "King of the Beats" by Mantronix, and has since been used in thousands of songs. Mantronix was an innovative and influential 1980s Hip hop and electro funk music group founded by DJ Kurtis Mantronik ( Kurtis el Khaleel Other popular breaks are from James Brown's "Funky Drummer" and "Give it Up or Turn it a Loose", The Incredible Bongo Band's "Apache", and Lyn Collins' "Think (About It)". James Joseph Brown Jr (May 3 1933 – December 25 2006 commonly referred to as "The Godfather of Soul" the "King of Funk" and "The " Funky Drummer " (also known as " The Funky Drummer " is a Funk song recorded by James Brown and his band The Incredible Bongo Band, also known as Michael Viner's Incredible Bongo Band, was a project started in 1972 by Michael Viner, a record artist manager and executive Lyn Collins ( 12 June 1948 &ndash 13 March 2005) was an African American soul Singer best known for working ^[1]

In the early 1990s, acid house artists and producers started using breakbeat samples in their music to create breakbeat hardcore, also known as rave music. Acid house is a sub-genre of House music that emphasizes a repetitive hypnotic and trance -like style with samples or spoken lines usually used rather than sung lyrics In Music, sampling is the act of taking a portion or sample, of one Sound recording and reusing it as an instrument or element of a new recording Breakbeat hardcore ( Rave music) is a derivate of Acid house that combines 4-to-the-floor rhythms with breakbeats and is associated with UK Rave scene Rave music consists of forms of Electronic dance music that are associated with the rave scene. The hardcore scene then diverged into sub-genres like jungle and drum and bass, which generally had a darker sound and focused more on complex sampled drum patterns. Oldskool jungle is the name given to a style of Electronic music that incorporates influences from genres including Breakbeat hardcore, techno, A good example of this is Goldie's album 'Timeless'. Clifford Joseph Price, better known as Goldie (born 19 September 1965 in Walsall, England) is an English Electronic music artist Timeless is the debut Album (1995 from Goldie, a groundbreaking release which is still often nominated as the finest album ever in the history of

In 1992 a new style called "jungalistic hardcore" emerged, and for many ravers it was too funky to dance to. Josh Lawford of Ravescene prophesied that the breakbeat was "the death-knell of rave" ^[2] because the ever changing drumbeat patterns of breakbeat music didn't allow for the same zoned out, trance-like state that the standard, steady 4/4 beats of rave enabled.

In recent times, the term breakbeat has become synonymous with the many genres of breaks music which have become popular within the global dance music scene, including big beat, nu skool breaks and progressive breaks. Big beat (sometimes called chemical breaks) is a term deployed in the mid 1990s by the British music press to describe the music of The Chemical Brothers, Nu skool breaks (often abbreviated to nuskool or breaks) is a term used to describe a sub-genre of Breakbeat. Progressive electronic dance music (often referred to as just progressive) usually refers to differentiate various offshoot styles of Electronic dance music from DJs from a variety of genres, including house and techno, work breaks tracks into their sets. A disc jockey (also known as DJ or deejay) is a person who selects and plays recorded music for an audience Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s This may occur because the tempo of breaks tracks (ranging from 110 to 150 beats per minute) means they can be readily mixed with these genres, whereas the comparatively fast speed of jungle and drum and bass (160-180 bpm) may have restricted the utility of these subgenres to DJs playing slower-tempo music. 2266-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl or TEMPO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH23(CMe22NO

In the present day, breakbeats can be heard constantly in every day life. Breakbeats are used in many hip hop, rap, jungle, and hardcore songs, and can also be heard in other music, from popular music to background music in car and jean commercials on the radio or TV. ^[3]

Sampled breakbeats

With the advent of digital sampling and music editing on the computer, breakbeats have become much easier to create and use. Now, instead of cutting and splicing tape sections or constantly backspinning 2 records at the same time, a computer program can be used to cut, paste, and loop breakbeats endlessly. Digital effects like filters, reverb, reversing, time stretching, and pitch shifting can be added to the beat, and even to individual sounds by themselves. A high-pass filter is a filter that passes high frequencies well but attenuates (reduces the amplitude of frequencies lower than the Cutoff frequency Reverberation is the persistence of Sound in a particular space after the original sound is removed Time stretching is the process of changing the speed or duration of an audio signal without affecting its pitch. Pitch shift is a Sound recording technique in which the normal pitch or tone of a sound is altered ("shifted" for effect or for other purposes Individual instruments from within a breakbeat can be sampled one by one and combined with others, to build new breakbeat patterns from the ground up. The Prodigy, a popular group, uses digitally sampled and chopped breakbeats in many of their songs. The Prodigy are an Electronic music group formed by Liam Howlett in 1990 in Braintree Essex, England. The advantage of sampled breakbeats over a drum machine is that the sampled breakbeats sound like a real live drummer is playing them, which, of course, was initially true. ^[4]

Legal issues

With the rise in popularity of breakbeat music, and the advent of digital samplers, enterprising companies started selling "breakbeat packages" for the express purpose of helping artists create breakbeats. A breakbeat kit CD would contain many breakbeat samples from different songs and artists, often without the artists permission, or even knowledge. One example of this is the Amen break. The "Amen break" (usually ɑːˈmɛn was a drum solo performed by Gregory Sylvester "G The original song is by The Winstons, who hold the copyright. The Winstons is a Funk and Soul music outfit based in Washington D However, a company named Zero G released a "jungle construction kit" containing an exact copy of the Amen break, slightly sped up, to which Zero G has a copyright. The Winstons have not received any royalties for use of the Amen break. ^[5]

Broken beat

Breakbeat (or funky breakbeat) may also refer to the music of bands such as Breakestra, who play funk and soul music with an emphasis on the elements that became popular in hip-hop and later breaks-based music. Breakestra is a ten-piece Funk "orchestra" from Los Angeles, California, formed by Miles Tackett in 1996. Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. This sound is characterized by slower tempos (80-110 bpm) and organic, "human" rhythms. It is sometimes differentiated by the term "broken beat".

See also

• Category:Breakbeat musicians
• List of electronic music genres
• Big beat
• Organic breaks

References

Chang, Jeff "How DJ Kool Herc Lost His Accent and Started Hip-Hop"