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A Bedouin man in Sinai Peninsula
A Bedouin man in Sinai Peninsula

The Bedouin, (from the Arabic badawī (بدوي), pl. The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai ( Coptic: sina; Egyptian Arabic: sina سينا Arabic, sina'a سيناء Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language badū), are a desert-dwelling Arab nomadic pastoralist, or previously nomadic group, found throughout most of the desert belt extending from the Atlantic coast of the Sahara via the Western Desert, Sinai, and Negev to the Arabian Desert. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding Nomadic pastoralism is a form of Agriculture where Livestock (such as cattle sheep goats and camels are taken to different locations in order to find fresh Nomadic people, (from the νομάδες nomádes, "those who let pasture herds" also known as nomads, are communities of people that The Sahara (الصحراء الكبرى aṣ-ṣaḥrā´ al-kubra, "The Great Desert" is the world's largest hot Desert and the world's second largest The Western Desert is a Desert region encompassing 600000km² of land to the west of the Nile in Egypt and Libya. The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai ( Coptic: sina; Egyptian Arabic: sina سينا Arabic, sina'a سيناء The Negev (נֶגֶב Tiberian vocalization: Néḡeḇ) is the Desert region of southern Israel. The Arabian Desert is a vast Desert wilderness stretching from Yemen to the Persian Gulf and Oman to Jordan and Iraq. Non-Arab groups as well, notably the Beja of the African coast of the Red Sea are sometimes called Bedouin. The Beja (البيجا are an ethnic group dwelling in parts of North Africa and the Horn of Africa. The Red Sea is a Salt water Inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia.

Contents

Traditional Bedouin cultures

A Bedouin family in their tent photographed by Gertrude Bellin Ha'il
A Bedouin family in their tent photographed by Gertrude Bellin Ha'il

The Bedouins were divided into related tribes. A tent is a shelter consisting of sheets of fabric or other material draped over or attached to a frame of poles or attached to a supporting rope Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE ( July 14, 1868 – July 12, 1926) was a British writer traveller political analyst Ha'il (also spelled Hail, Ha'yel, or Hayil Arabic: حائل is an Oasis city in Nejd in northwestern Saudi Arabia These tribes were organized on several levels - a widely quoted Bedouin saying is "I and my brothers against my cousins, I and my brothers and my cousins against the world. " The saying signifies a hierarchy of loyalties based on closeness of kinship that runs from the nuclear family through the lineage, the tribe, and even, in principle at least, to an entire ethnic or linguistic group (which is perceived to have a kinship basis). Disputes are settled, interests are pursued, and justice and order are maintained by means of this organizational framework, according to an ethic of self-help and collective responsibility *(Andersen 14). The individual family unit (known as a tent or bayt) typically consisted of three or four adults (a married couple plus siblings or parents) and any number of children.

Bedouin woman in Jerusalem.
Bedouin woman in Jerusalem. Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the

When resources were plentiful, several tents would travel together as a goum. These groups were sometimes linked by patriarchical lineage but just as likely linked by marriage (new wives were especially likely to have male relatives join nealogies to take in new members).

The largest scale of tribal interactions is of course the tribe as a whole, led by a Sheikh (literally, "elder"). The tribe often claims descent from one common ancestor — as mentioned above, this appears patrilineal but in reality new groups could have genealogies invented to tie them in to this ancestor. The tribal level is the level that mediated between the Bedouin and the outside governments and organisations.

Bedouins traditionally had strong honor codes, and traditional systems of justice dispensation in Bedouin society typically revolved around such codes. "Code of honor" redirects here for the first season episode of Star Trek The Next Generation see Code of Honor. The bisha'a, or ordeal by fire, is a well-known Bedouin practice of lie detection. Bisha'a or Bisha (the ordeal by fire trial by fire or fire test is a Ritual practiced today by some Bedouin tribes of the Judean Negev Lie detection is the practice of determining whether someone is Lying. See also: Honor codes of the Bedouin, Bedouin systems of justice

Bedouins are well known for practicing folk music, folk dance and folk poetry. Sharaf and ird are Bedouin Honor codes Along with Hospitality and courage/bravery, it is one of the Bedouin Systems of justice among the Bedouin are varied among the Tribes A number of these systems date from Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous Folk dance is a term used to describe a large number of dances mostly of European origin that tend to share the following attributes originally danced in about the Ethnopoetics is a poetic movement and subfield in Linguistics, and Anthropology. See also: Bedouin music, Ardha, Ghinnawa

More in-depth discussions on these topics can be found in Chatty (1996) and Lancaster (1997). Bedouin music is the music of nomadic Bedouin tribes of the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant. Ardha ( is a type of Folkloric Dance performed by the Bedouin tribes of the Arabian peninsula, especially the Arab states of the Persian Ghinnawa s (literally "little songs" are short two line emotional Lyric poems written by the Bedouins of Egypt, in a fashion similar to Haikus

Changing ways of life

BUSTAN Archives: "Goats grazing beneath disused garbage bins in the government township of Tel Sheva, on the Israeli side of the Green Line. The region is lauded as "Israel's Last Frontier," a pristine wilderness, while the government fails to extend proper municipal trash pickups within 'government-sanctioned' urban townships."
BUSTAN Archives: "Goats grazing beneath disused garbage bins in the government township of Tel Sheva, on the Israeli side of the Green Line. Bustan, is a Negev Environmental justice organization in Israel fighting for the rights of desert residents officially established as a non-profit in 2006 The region is lauded as "Israel's Last Frontier," a pristine wilderness, while the government fails to extend proper municipal trash pickups within 'government-sanctioned' urban townships. "

Starting in the late 19th century, many Bedouins under British rule began to transition to semi-nomadism. In the 1950s as well as the 1960s, large numbers of Bedouin throughout the Middle East started to leave the traditional, nomadic life to settle in the cities of the Middle East, especially as hot ranges have shrunk and population levels have grown. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. In Syria, for example, the Bedouin way of life effectively ended during a severe drought from 1958 to 1961, which forced many Bedouin to give up herding for standard jobs. Similarly, government policies in Egypt and Israel, oil production in Libya and the Persian Gulf, as well as a desire for improved standards of living, effectively led most Bedouin to become settled citizens of various nations, rather than stateless nomadic herders. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Libya ( ليبيا ar-Latn Lībiyā; Libyan vernacular: Lībya; Amazigh:) officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the

Government policies pressuring the Bedouin into in some cases have been executed out of a desire to provide services (schools, health care, law enforcement and so on - see Chatty (1986) for examples), but in others have been based on the desire to seize land traditionally roved and controlled by the Bedouin.

Partial list of Bedouin tribes and populations

A Bedouin man from United Arab Emirates.
A Bedouin man from United Arab Emirates.
A young Bedouin lighting a camp fire in Wadi Rum, Jordan
A young Bedouin lighting a camp fire in Wadi Rum, Jordan

There are a number of Bedouin tribes, but the total population is often difficult to determine, especially as many Bedouin have ceased to lead nomadic or semi-nomadic lifestyles (see above) and joined the general population. Wadi Rum (وادي رم is a valley cut into the sandstone and granite rock in southwest Jordan. Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (الأردنّ al-Urdunn) is an Arab country in Southwest Asia spanning the southern Below is a partial list of Bedouin tribes and their historic place of origin:

Notes

  1. ^ www. joshuaproject. com
  2. ^ Info on Tuba from Flags of the World Website
  3. ^ www. joshuaproject. com

References

External links

Blueprint Negev is a $600 million project of the Quasi-governmental Jewish National Fund (JNF to develop the Negev region of Israel through

Dictionary

bedouin

-noun

  1. A generic name for a desert-dweller; a term generally applied to Arab nomadic groups
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