| City of Austin | |||
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| Nickname: Live Music Capital of the World[1] , The ATX[2] | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Texas | ||
| County | Travis Williamson Hays | ||
| Settled | 1835 | ||
| Incorporated | December 27, 1839 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Type | Manager-Council | ||
| - Mayor | Will Wynn | ||
| - City Manager | Marc Ott | ||
| Area | |||
| - City | 296. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. List of Texas county name etymologies|List of Texas county seat name etymologies The state of Texas is divided into 254 counties, more than any other U Travis County is located in the US state of Texas. It is part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area. Williamson County (known colloquially as "Willco" is a County located in the U Hays County is a County located in the US state of Texas. In 2000 its population was 97589 Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1839 ( MDCCCXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common In the council-manager form of government an elected city council (typically between five and 11 people is responsible for making Policy, passing Ordinances voting Appropriations A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government William Patrick Wynn (born September 10 1961 is the current Mayor of Austin Texas. A city manager is an official appointed as the administrative manager of a City, in a council-manager form of city government Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 25 sq mi (767. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 28 km²) | ||
| - Land | 251. To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions we list here areas between 1000 km2 and 10000 km2 5 sq mi (651. 4 km²) | ||
| - Water | 6. 9 sq mi (17. 9 km²) | ||
| - Metro | 4,285. 7 sq mi (11,099. 91 km²) | ||
| Elevation | 489 ft (149 m) | ||
| Population (2006)[3] | |||
| - City | 709,893 | ||
| - Density | 2,396. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 3/sq mi (925. 21/km²) | ||
| - Metro | 1,593,565 | ||
| - Demonym | Austinite | ||
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) | ||
| ZIP code | 78701-78705, 78708-78728, 78730-78739, 78741-78742, 78744-78769 | ||
| Area code(s) | 512 | ||
| FIPS code | 48-05000[4] | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1384879[5] | ||
| Website: www.cityofaustin.org | |||
Austin is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The map to the right is now clickable click on an area code to go to the page for that code Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Travis County is located in the US state of Texas. It is part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area. Situated in Central Texas, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 16th-largest in the United States of America, as well as the third fastest growing large city in the nation from 2000 to 2006. Central Texas (a part of which is Texas Hill Country) is a region (and a physiographic section as it pertains to geography in the U The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [6] As of the 2006 U. S. Census estimate, Austin has a population of 709,893. [3] The city is the cultural and economic center of the Greater Austin metropolitan area with a population of 1. Greater Austin (officially known as the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan statistical area) is a five-county Metropolitan area in Central Texas, anchored by 6 million people.
Austin was selected as the No. 1 Best Big City in "Best Places to Live" by Money magazine in 2006, and the "Greenest City in America" by MSN. Money is a Time Inc Personal finance magazine Its first issue was published in October 1972 Sustainability, in a general sense is the capacity to maintain a certain process or state indefinitely [7][8] Also, according to CNN Headline News and travel and leisure Austin ranks #2 on the list of cities with the best people referring to the personalities and attributes of the citizens. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner [9]
Residents of Austin are known as "Austinites," and include a mix of university professors, students, politicians, lobbyists, musicians, state employees, high-tech workers, blue-collar workers, and white-collar workers. The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies A politician (from Greek " Polis " is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making through the influence of Politics or a person Lobbying includes all attempts to influence Legislators and officials whether by other legislators constituents or organized groups A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a White-collar worker refers to a salaried professional or an educated Worker who performs semi-professional office administrative and sales coordination tasks as opposed to The main campus of the University of Texas is located in Austin. The city is home to enough large sites of major technology corporations to have earned it the nickname "Silicon Hills. " Austin's official slogan promotes the city as "The Live Music Capital of the World", a reference to its status as home to many musicians and music venues. [1][2] In recent years, many Austinites have also adopted the unofficial slogan "Keep Austin Weird"; this refers partly to the eclectic and progressive lifestyle of many Austin residents, but is also the slogan for a campaign to preserve smaller local businesses and resist excessive commercialization. Keep Austin Weird is the Slogan adopted by the Austin Independent Business Alliance to promote Small businesses in Austin Texas.
Contents |
History
Prior to the arrival of settlers from the United States, the area that later became Austin was inhabited by a variety of nomadic Native American tribes, including the Tonkawa tribe, the Comanches, and the Lipan Apaches. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Nomadic people, (from the νομάδες nomádes, "those who let pasture herds" also known as nomads, are communities of people that Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Tonkawa are a people native to central Texas, speaking the Tonkawa language. The Comanche are a Native American ethnic group whose range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day eastern New Mexico, southern Colorado Lipan Apache are Southern Athabascan ( Apachean people who are aboriginal to present-day Texas, New Mexico Colorado and the northern Mexican states [10]
Edward Burleson laid out the town of Waterloo in the mid-1830s. Edward Burleson (December 15 1798–December 26 1851 was a soldier general and statesman in the state of Missouri, the Republic of Texas, and later the U In 1838 Mirabeau Lamar, vice-president of the Republic of Texas, visited Waterloo, where he stayed with one of the earliest settlers, Jacob Harrell. Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar ( August 16, 1798 &ndash December 19, 1859) was the second president of the Republic of Texas, following Lamar was elected president shortly thereafter. When the Texas Congress formed a commission to seek a site for a new capital to be named Austin, Lamar advised the commissioners to investigate Waterloo, which was then indeed chosen. In May 1839 Lamar's designated government agent Edwin Waller organized and led a workforce of about 200 men from Houston to Waterloo to construct the new city. Judge Edwin Waller ( November 4, 1800 &ndash January 3, 1881) was an entrepreneur signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence,
At first, the new capital thrived. By the early 1840s the population stood at about 850 people. But when Lamar's political enemy Sam Houston regained the presidency in 1841, he used two Mexican army incursions to San Antonio as an excuse to move the government to Washington (now known as Washington-on-the-Brazos). Washington-on-the-Brazos is a Ghost town along the Brazos River in Washington County, Texas, United States. Within months Austin's population had shrunk to about 200, and many Texans assumed that the city would die. Remaining Austin residents responded to the threat by forcibly keeping the national archives in their city in defiance of President Houston's attempts to bring them to Washington.
Anson Jones became president in 1844. Anson Jones ( January 20, 1798 &ndash January 9, 1858) was a doctor, Businessman, Congressman, and the last The following year he called a convention in Austin to discuss annexation to the United States as well as to consider a new constitution. Once annexation became official, delegates wrote a new state constitution in which Austin was again named the seat of government.
The Texas State Capitol was completed in 1888 advertised as the 7th largest building in the world. The Texas State Capitol, located in Austin Texas, is the fourth building to serve as the seat of Texas government Funded by the famous XIT Ranch, the building still remains part of the Austin skyline. The XIT Ranch was a Cattle ranch in the Panhandle of Texas which operated from 1885 to 1912 The state capitol is smaller than the United States Capitol in total gross square footage, but is actually 15 feet taller than its Washington D.C. counterpart. Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D
In September of 1881, Austin public schools held their first classes. The same year, Huston-Tillotson College opened its doors. Huston-Tillotson University is a historically black university in Austin Texas. The University of Texas at Austin held its first classes in 1883.
In the 1950s, Austin's first research labs and think tanks were built. As Austin's economy prospered, several movie theaters, public pools, and a local library system were opened.
The Austin music scene began attracting national attention in the 1970s with artists such as Willie Nelson and venues such as the Armadillo World Headquarters. Willie Nelson (born April 30, 1933) is an American country Singer-songwriter and Actor. The Armadillo World Headquarters (usually called simply The Armadillo) was the premiere Music hall and entertainment center in Austin, Texas
Today, Austin is known as much for its cultural life as its high-tech innovations. The same success that has gained the city a national reputation has brought with it many difficult choices as the city struggles to grow in sustainable ways. [11]
Geography
Austin is located at [12] and is approximately 541 feet (165 m) above sea level. According to the 2000 census, the city has a total area of 258. 4 square miles (669 km²). 251. 5 square miles (651 km²) of it is land and 6. 9 square miles (18 km²) (2. 67%) is water.
Austin is situated on the Colorado River, with three man-made (artificial) lakes wholly within the city limits: Lady Bird Lake, Lake Austin, and Lake Walter E. Long. The Colorado River is the 18th longest river in the United States. Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) is a reservoir on the Colorado River in downtown Austin, Texas, in the United States Lake Austin is a reservoir on the Colorado River in Austin Texas in the United States. Lake Walter E Long is a Power plant cooling reservoir on Decker Creek in Austin, Texas, USA. Additionally, the foot of Lake Travis, including Mansfield Dam, is located within the city's limits. Lake Travis is a reservoir on the Colorado River in central Texas in the United States. Mansfield Dam (formerly Marshall Ford Dam) is a Dam located at ( WGS 84 datum) across a Canyon at Marshall Ford on the Colorado Lady Bird Lake, Lake Austin, and Lake Travis are each on the Colorado River. The city is also situated on the Balcones Fault, which, in much of Austin, runs roughly the same route as Loop 1 (Mopac Expressway). The Balcones Fault is a zone of normal faulting in Texas ( USA) that runs approximately from the southwest part of the state to the north central region along Loop 1 is a controlled-access Highway which provides access to the west side of Austin in the U The eastern part of the city is relatively flat, whereas the western part and western suburbs consist of scenic rolling hills on the edge of the Texas Hill Country. The Texas Hill Country is a region of Central Texas, USA, that features rolling somewhat rugged Hills that consist primarily of Limestone Because the hills to the west are primarily limestone rock with a thin covering of topsoil, portions of the city are frequently subjected to flash floods from the runoff caused by thunderstorms. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 To help control this runoff and to generate hydroelectric power, the Lower Colorado River Authority operates a series of dams that form the Texas Highland Lakes. The Lower Colorado River Authority or LCRA is a Nonprofit public utility that was formed in 1934 by the Texas Legislature The Texas Highland Lakes is a chain of 6 man-made Lakes in Central Texas formed by several Dams on the Colorado River as it winds southeast The lakes also provide venues for boating, swimming, and other forms of recreation within several parks located on the lake shores.
Austin is located at the intersection of four major ecological regions and is consequently mostly a temperate-to-hot green oasis but has some characteristics of the desert, the tropics, and a wetter climate. It is very diverse ecologically/biologically and the home of a variety of beautiful animals and plants, notably the wildflowers that blossom throughout the year but especially in the spring, including the popular bluebonnets, some planted in an effort by Lady Bird Johnson.
A popular point of prominence in Austin is Mount Bonnell. Mount Bonnell ( also known as Covert Park, is a prominent point alongside Lake Austin in Austin Texas. At about 780 feet (238 m) above sea level, it is a natural limestone formation overlooking Lake Austin on the Colorado River, about 200 feet (61 m) below its summit. Lake Austin is a reservoir on the Colorado River in Austin Texas in the United States. From the observation deck, many homes are visible.
The soils of Austin range from shallow gravelly clay loams over limestone in the western outskirts to deep fine sandy loams, silty clay loams, silty clays or clays in the city's eastern part. Some of the clays have pronounced shrink-swell properties and are difficult to work under most moisture conditions. Many of Austin's soils, especially the clay-rich types, are slightly to moderately alkaline and have free calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is a Chemical compound with the Chemical formula Ca[[Carbon C]] O 3
- See also: List of Austin Neighborhoods
Climate
Austin has a humid subtropical climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. Humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa or Cwa) is a climate zone characterized by hot humid summers and chilly to mild winters [13] On average, Austin receives 33. 6 inches (853. 4 mm) of rain per year, with most of the precipitation in the spring, and a secondary maximum in the fall. [14] During springtime, severe thunderstorms sometimes occur, though tornadoes are rare in the city. Austin is usually at least partially sunny.
Austin summers are usually hot and humid, with average temperatures of approximately 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 Celsius) from June until September. Temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) are common. The highest recorded temperature was 112 °F (44 °C) on September 5, 2000. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. [13][15][16] For the entire year there is an average of 111 days above 90 °F (32 °C) and 198 days above 80 °F (27 °C). [13]
Winters in Austin are mild and dry. For the entire year, Austin averages 88 days below 45 °F (7 °C) and 24 days when the minimum temperature falls below freezing. The lowest recorded temperature was −2 °F (−19 °C) on January 31, 1949. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [13] Snowfall is rare in Austin, but approximately biannually Austin may suffer an ice storm that freezes roads over and shuts down much of the city for 24 to 48 hours. An ice storm is a type of Winter storm characterized by Freezing rain. [13]
| Weather averages for Camp Mabry, Austin, Texas, USA | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 90 (32) | 99 (37) | 98 (37) | 99 (37) | 104 (40) | 108 (42) | 108 (42) | 110 (43) | 112 (44) | 100 (38) | 91 (33) | 90 (32) | 112 (44) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 60 (16) | 65 (18) | 73 (23) | 79 (26) | 85 (29) | 91 (33) | 95 (35) | 96 (36) | 90 (32) | 81 (27) | 70 (21) | 62 (17) | 79 (26) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 40 (4) | 44 (7) | 51 (11) | 58 (14) | 65 (18) | 71 (22) | 73 (23) | 73 (23) | 69 (21) | 60 (16) | 49 (9) | 42 (6) | 58 (14) |
| Record low °F (°C) | -2 (-19) | -1 (-18) | 18 (-8) | 30 (-1) | 40 (4) | 51 (11) | 57 (14) | 58 (14) | 41 (5) | 30 (-1) | 20 (-7) | 4 (-16) | -2 (-19) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 1. Camp Mabry is a military installation in Austin Texas that houses the headquarters of the Texas Military Forces. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 89 (48) | 1. 99 (50. 5) | 2. 14 (54. 4) | 2. 51 (63. 8) | 5. 03 (127. 8) | 3. 81 (96. 8) | 1. 97 (50) | 2. 31 (58. 7) | 2. 91 (73. 9) | 3. 97 (100. 8) | 2. 68 (68. 1) | 2. 44 (62) | 33. 6 (853. 4) |
| Source: NOAA [14] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: weather. com [16] | |||||||||||||
- Table Note: Averages are from the 30 year average from 1971–2000 at Camp Mabry, and records are from Camp Mabry and from previous climate sites, spanning from 1897 to present. Camp Mabry is a military installation in Austin Texas that houses the headquarters of the Texas Military Forces. [14][16]
Government and politics
Law and government
Austin is administered by a city council of seven members, each of them elected by the entire city, and by an elected mayor, accompanied by a hired city manager under the manager-council system of municipal governance. The Texas State Capitol, located in Austin Texas, is the fourth building to serve as the seat of Texas government Congress Avenue is a major thoroughfare in Austin Texas. The street is a six-lane tree lined avenue that cuts through the middle of the city from far south Austin and goes A city council is a form of Local government, usually covering a City or other Urban area, such as a Town. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government A city manager is an official appointed as the administrative manager of a City, in a council-manager form of city government In the council-manager form of government an elected city council (typically between five and 11 people is responsible for making Policy, passing Ordinances voting Appropriations Council and mayoral elections are non-partisan, with a runoff in case there is no majority winner. Austin remains an anomaly among large Texas cities in that council members are elected on an "at large" basis by all voters, as opposed to elections by districts.
The current mayor of Austin is Will Wynn. William Patrick Wynn (born September 10 1961 is the current Mayor of Austin Texas. His second term ends in 2009.
Austin is located in Travis County, Texas. Travis County is located in the US state of Texas. It is part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area.
Politics
The main political actors in Austin city politics are interest groups such as the pro-environmental Save Our Springs Alliance, Save Barton Creek Association, Equality TX, the Austin Police Association, and the Austin Business Council. Washington DC has been the capital of the United States since 1800 Save Our Springs Alliance (SOS was originally called the Save Our Springs Legal Defense Fund, a nonprofit corporation created to protect the citizen-drafted SOS Ordinance of Texas Democrats are very active here.
The controversy that dominated Austin politics during the 1990s was the conflict between environmentalists, strong in the city center, and advocates of urban growth, who tend to live in the outlying areas. Environmentalism is a broad philosophy and Social movement centered on a concern for the conservation and improvement of the environment. The city council has in the past tried to mitigate the controversy by advocating smart growth, but growth and environmental protection are still the most divisive issues in city politics. Smart growth is an urban planning and transportation theory that concentrates growth in the center of a city to avoid Urban sprawl; and advocates compact Today conservatives in Austin argue that the city's various highway traffic problems are rooted in the denial of past highway/infrastructure development by political action committees who do not support highway expansion. Environmentalists counter that their efforts contributed to the city's large green spaces, which many Austinites enjoy. Progressives also maintain that unlike several other cities in Texas, Austin's smart growth policies have contributed to a rapidly-increasing population density in and around the downtown area.
Austin is well known as a center for liberal politics in a generally conservative state. Modern liberalism in the United States, also referred to as American liberalism, is a political ideology that seeks to use the power of the state to effect change upon society Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favour Tradition, where tradition refers to various religious cultural or nationally defined Suburban neighborhoods in Austin, especially to the west and north, and several satellite municipalities, however, tend toward political conservatism.
As a result of the major party realignment that began in the 1970s, central Austin became a stronghold of the Democratic Party while the suburbs tend to vote Republican. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. One consequence of this is that in the most recent redistricting plan, formulated by former U. S. Rep. Tom DeLay and enacted by the Republican-majority legislature, the central city has been split among multiple, sprawling districts. Thomas Dale DeLay (born April 8 1947 is a former member of the United States House of Representatives from Sugar Land, Texas. Opponents characterized the resulting districting layout as excessively partisan gerrymandering, and the plan was challenged in court on this basis by Democratic and minority activists; of note, the Supreme Court of the United States has never struck down a redistricting plan for being excessively partisan. Gerrymandering is a form of redistribution in which electoral district or Constituency boundaries are manipulated for electoral advantage The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. The plan was subsequently upheld by a three-judge federal panel in late 2003, and on June 28, 2006, the matter was largely settled when the Supreme Court in a 7-2 decision upheld the entire congressional redistricting plan with the exception of a Hispanic-majority district in southwest Texas. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. This may later affect Austin's districting, as U. S. Rep. Lloyd Doggett's district was found not to be sufficiently compact to compensate for the reduced minority influence in the southwest district. Lloyd Alton Doggett II (born October 6, 1946) American Politician, is a Democratic politician from Texas. Minority influence is a form of Social influence, which takes place when a majority is being influenced to accept the Beliefs or Behaviour of a minority [1]
Overall, the city is a blend of downtown liberalism and suburban conservatism, but leans strongly to the political left. In 2003, the city adopted a resolution against the USA PATRIOT act which reaffirmed constitutionally guaranteed rights. The USA PATRIOT Act, commonly known as the Patriot Act, is a controversial Act of Congress that U In the 2004 presidential election, Senator John Kerry won a substantial majority of the votes in Travis County as illustrated in this pictorial of votes by-county. } John Forbes Kerry (born December 11 1943 is an American Politician who is currently serving his fourth term as the junior United States Senator Of Austin's six state legislative districts, three are strongly Democratic and three are swing districts all of which are held by Democrats. However, two of its three congressional districts are presently held by Republicans; this is largely due to the 2003 redistricting, which left downtown Austin without an exclusive congressional seat of its own. Travis County was also the only county in Texas to reject Texas Constitutional Amendment Proposition 2 — effectively outlawing gay marriage and status equal or similar to it — and did so by a wide margin (40% for, 60% against).
Austin is also an active area for the Libertarian Party. The Libertarian Party is a United States political party founded on December 11 1971 Although the Libertarians remain a third party, they occasionally garner substantial votes, and one of the past Libertarian presidential candidates, Michael Badnarik comes from Austin, while another, Ron Paul who ran for the 1988 presidential election as the Libertarian nominee, and for the Republican Party presidential nomination in 2008, and represented a congressional district that includes part of the greater Austin area. Michael J Badnarik (born August 1, 1954) is an American software engineer, political figure and Radio talk show host -->The United States presidential election of 1988 featured an open primary for both major parties
Two of the candidates for President in the 2004 race call Austin home. Michael Badnarik, mentioned above as the Libertarian Party candidate, and David Cobb of the Green Party both have lived in Austin. David Keith Cobb (born December 24 1962 in San Leon Texas) is an American activist and was the 2004 presidential candidate of the Green Party of One of the Political parties in the United States, and similar in mission to many of the worldwide Green Parties, the Greens have been active as a third party During the run up to the election in November, a presidential debate was held at the University of Texas student union involving the two minor party candidates. While the Commission on Presidential Debates only invites Democrats and Republicans to participate in televised debates, the debate at UT was open to all presidential candidates. The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD was established in 1987 by the Democratic and Republican parties to establish the way that Debates are run between
Sister cities
List of sister cities of Austin, Texas, designated by Sister Cities International. Sister Cities International is a Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and fostering Town twinning, especially between cities in the United States [17]
Adelaide, Australia - since 1983
Koblenz, Germany- since 1991
Lima, Peru- since 1981
Maseru, Lesotho- since 1978
Ōita, Japan - since 1990
Saltillo, Mexico - since 1968
Taichung, Taiwan - since 1986
Old Orlu, Nigeria - since 2000
Gwangmyeong, South Korea
Xishuangbanna, China - since 1997
Cities whose claims to sister city status are not recognized officially by the City of Austin (or Austin claims and are not recognized)
Edmonton, Canada
Antalya, Turkey- Toronto, Canada- since 1991
Belo Horizonte, Brazil - since 1965- Porto Alegre, Brazil
Economy
Thousands of graduates each year from the engineering and computer science programs at The University of Texas at Austin provide a steady source of employees that help to fuel Austin's technology and defense industry sectors. The metro Austin area has much lower housing costs than Silicon Valley, but much higher housing costs than many parts of rural Texas. For the valley nicknamed "Silicone Valley" see San Fernando Valley. As a result of the relatively high concentration of high-tech companies in the region, Austin was strongly affected by the dot-com boom in the late 1990s and subsequent bust. The general consensus is that high-tech recovery is proceeding rapidly. Austin's biggest employers include the State of Texas, The University of Texas, the SETON Healthcare Network, Dell, IBM and Freescale Semiconductor (spun off from Motorola in 2004). The multinational technology company Dell Inc develops manufactures sells and supports Personal computers and other computer-related products International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology Freescale Semiconductor Inc is an American Semiconductor manufacturer Motorola Inc ( is an American, multinational Fortune 100, Telecommunications company based in Schaumburg Illinois. Other high-tech companies with operations in Austin include 3M Company, Apple Inc., Hewlett-Packard, AMD, Applied Materials, Cirrus Logic, Cisco, eBay/PayPal, Google, Hoover's, Inc., Intel, National Instruments, Samsung, Silicon Laboratories, Sun Microsystems and United Devices. 3M Company ( formerly Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company until 2002 is an American multinational conglomerate corporation with a worldwide Apple Inc, ( formerly Apple Computer Inc, is an American Multinational corporation with a focus on designing and manufacturing Consumer electronics Applied Materials Inc ( is a major capital equipment producer serving the Semiconductor TFT LCD Display Glass WEB and Solar manufacturing industries Cirrus Logic ( is a fabless semiconductor supplier specializing in analog mixed-signal and DSP chips eBay Inc is an American Internet company that manages eBaycom an Online auction and shopping Website in which people and businesses buy and PayPal is an E-commerce business allowing payments and Money transfers to be made through the Internet. Google Inc is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online Hoover's Inc is a business research company that has provided information on U National Instruments, or NI ( is an American company with over 4000 employees and direct operations in 41 countries The Samsung Group ( Korean:, Samsung Guerup) is South Korea 's largest company or Chaebol and the world's largest conglomerate Silicon Laboratories Inc ( is a mixed signal Fabless Semiconductor company based in Austin Texas. Sun Microsystems Inc ( is a multinational vendor of Computers computer components Computer software, and Information technology services United Devices Inc was a privately held commercial Distributed computing company that focused on the use of Grid computing to manage HPC infrastructures The proliferation of technology companies has led to the region's nickname, "the Silicon Hills," and spurred development that greatly expanded the city to the north, south, east, and west.
In addition to global companies, Austin features a strong network of independent, locally-owned firms and organizations such as the Austin Independent Business Alliance. Austin Independent Business Alliance ( AIBA) is an organization of independent, locally-owned firms in Austin Texas and is composed of over 300 member The success of these businesses reflects the high level of commitment by the citizens of Austin to preserving the unique spirit of the city, and has been tied to the "Keep Austin Weird" campaign. Keep Austin Weird is the Slogan adopted by the Austin Independent Business Alliance to promote Small businesses in Austin Texas. Small businesses from restaurants to clothing shops to salons to arts companies in Austin enjoy a lively existence gained by direct competition with large national and global rivals. The state government, non-profits, and schools (the university and colleges, preschool-12th grade) also provide many jobs. Whole Foods, a market/grocery store specializing in organic, local, and natural foods and other goods (now a corporation) started in and is based in Austin, and work in the food industry/farming/culinary arts also provides a surprisingly high amount of employment/income for many people. "Whole Foods" redirects here See also Whole Foods Market and Whole food supplements.
Demographics
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 656,562 people, 265,649 households, and 141,590 families residing in the city (roughly comparable in size to San Francisco, Memphis, and Columbus). A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The City and County of San Francisco is the fourth most populous city Memphis is a City in the southwest corner of Tennessee, and the County seat of Shelby County. Columbus is the Capital and the largest city of the US state of Ohio. The population density was 2,610. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4 people per square mile (1,007. 9/km²). There were 276,842 housing units at an average density of 1,100. 7/sq mi (425. 0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 65. 36% White, 10. 05% Black or African American, 4. 72% Asian, 0. 59% Native American, 0. 07% Pacific Islander, 16. 23% from other races. 2. 99% were from two or more races. The terms multiracial and mixed-race describe people whose ancestries come from different races. 30. 55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino, who can be of any race. Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans of Hispanic or Latino descent, which comprises ancestry or origins in Hispanic America 52. 94% of the population were Whites of non-Hispanic ancestry.
There were 265,649 households out of which 26. 8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38. 1% were married couples living together, 10. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46. 7% were non-families. 32. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 40 and the average family size was 3. 14.
In the city the population was spread out with 22. 5% under the age of 18, 16. 6% from 18 to 24, 37. 1% from 25 to 44, 17. 1% from 45 to 64, and 6. 7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 105. 8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $42,689, and the median income for a family was $54,091. Males had a median income of $35,545 vs. $30,046 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,163. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 9. 1% of families and 14. 4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 5% of those under age 18 and 8. 7% of those age 65 or over. From the year 2000 to 2005, the median house price in Austin grew 34 percent.
According to the US Census Bureau, as of July 2007 the Austin-Round Rock Metropolitan Area had 1,598,161 people. Greater Austin (officially known as the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan statistical area) is a five-county Metropolitan area in Central Texas, anchored by It is one of the top 5 fastest growing metro areas in the nation. If combined with the population of the San Antonio metropolitan area (over 70 miles (113 km) to the southwest) the region is home to about 3. 6 million people.
Austin is consistently ranked among the three safest cities per capita of any size in many categories and for many reasons, especially because annually, per 100,000 people there are fewer than 5 people murdered.
Culture
As Austin's official slogan is The Live Music Capital of the World,[1][2] the city has a vibrant live music scene with more music venues per capita than any other U. The music of Austin Texas centers on 6th Street, Red River and South Congress where bars and clubs of every kind can be found S. city. Austin's music revolves around the many nightclubs on 6th Street and an annual film/music/multimedia festival known as South by Southwest. A nightclub (or "night club" or "club" is a drinking, dancing, and entertainment venue which does its primary business after dark 6th Street is a historic Street and entertainment district in Austin Texas. Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. Multimedia is media and content that utilizes a combination of different content forms. South by Southwest ( SXSW) is a set of interactive, Film, and Music festivals and conferences that take place The city also has a burgeoning circle of live performance theater venues such as: Zachary Scott Theatre Center, Vortex Repertory Company, Salvage Vanguard Theater, Arts on Real, Scottish Rite Children's Theater, Hyde Park Theatre, and Esther's Follies, a comedy and magic show. Esther's Follies is a modern day Vaudeville theatre located on 6th Street in downtown Austin Texas. The longest-running concert music program on American television, Austin City Limits, is videotaped on the University of Texas at Austin campus. Austin City Limits is an American Television music program and a staple of the Public Broadcasting Service. Austin City Limits and Capital Sports & Entertainment run the Austin City Limits Music Festival, an annual music and art festival held at Zilker Park in Austin. The Austin City Limits Music Festival is an annual three-day music and art festival in Austin Texas 's Zilker Park. Zilker Metropolitan Park is a recreational area in the heart of south Austin (near Barton Springs Pool and Lady Bird Lake) that comprises over 350 acres The long-running outdoor musical, the Zilker Park Summer Musical, expects to celebrate its 50th anniversary in 2008. Zilker Metropolitan Park is a recreational area in the heart of south Austin (near Barton Springs Pool and Lady Bird Lake) that comprises over 350 acres The Urban Music Festival is held during the Texas Relays weekend every April. The Clyde Littlefield Texas Relays are an annual track and field competition held at Mike A Other annual events include Eeyore's Birthday Party, Spamarama, and the Austin Reggae Festival in April and Carnaval in February. Eeyore's Birthday Party is a day-long Festival taking place annually in Austin Texas since 1963 Carnival is a festival season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February and March Halloween, St Patrick's Day, Independence Day, and Juneteenth (Emancipation Day) are all widely celebrated, in addition to two important Mexican holidays, May 5 (Cinco de Mayo) and September 16. Halloween, or Hallowe’en, is a Holiday celebrated on the night of October 31. Saint Patrick's Day (Lá ’le Pádraig or Lá Fhéile Pádraig) colloquially St In the United States, Independence Day, commonly known as the Fourth of July (or the Fourth) is a Federal holiday commemorating the adoption Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day or Emancipation Day, is an official annual holiday in 29 Twelve other states list it as an official holiday including Cinco de Mayo (Spanish for "5th of May" is a Mexican national holiday that honors the Mexican victory over the French army at Puebla de Los Angeles in 1862 The holiday commemorates The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores" was the Battle cry of the Mexican War of Independence, uttered on September 16, 1810 by Miguel
Austinites take pride in eccentricities and celebrate differences and being different (in lifestyle, character, beliefs, etc. ). "Keep Austin Weird" has become a local motto in recent years, featured on innumerable bumper stickers and t-shirts. Keep Austin Weird is the Slogan adopted by the Austin Independent Business Alliance to promote Small businesses in Austin Texas. A motto (from the Italian word motto, meaning witticism sentence is a phrase meant to formally describe the general motivation or intention of a social group This motto has not only been used in promoting Austin's eccentricity and diversity, but is also meant to bolster support of local and independent businesses. The art that gave Austin its reputation for being weird is featured at the South Austin Museum of Popular Culture. The South Austin Museum of Popular Culture (SAMOPC is a Texas 501(c(3 nonprofit organisation dedicated to collecting preserving and exhibiting art and memorabilia that reflect
According to the Nielsen Company, adults in Austin read and contribute to blogs more than those in any other U. The Nielsen Company is a Dutch-American Media conglomerate, headquartered in New York NY. A blog (a contraction of the term " Web log " is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary descriptions of S. metropolitan area. [18]
Austin is also home to the O. Henry House Museum. O. Henry lived in a house built in Austin in 1891. O Henry is the Pen name of American Writer William Sydney Porter ( September 11, 1862 – June 5 The O. Henry House Museum hosts the annual O. Henry Pun Off, which is a pun contest where the contestants exhibit amazing wit.
Ballet Austin is the fourth largest ballet academy in the country. Ballet Austin is one of the largest classical ballet academies in the country [19] Each year Ballet Austin's twenty member professional company performs ballets from a wide variety of choreographers, including their international award winning artistic director, Stephen Mills. Under the artistic leadership of Mr Mills Ballet Austin has emerged as one of the nation's premiere developing ballet organizations Ballet Austin has traveled around the world performing in Europe, the Kennedy Center (Washington D. C. ), and New York City's Joyce Theatre.
Nationally known Austinites include Willie Nelson, Lance Armstrong, Matthew McConaughey, Sandra Bullock, Kevin Costner, Richard Linklater, Robert Rodriguez, and Michael Dell. Willie Nelson (born April 30, 1933) is an American country Singer-songwriter and Actor. Lance Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson September 18 1971 is an American professional road racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam Team Astana Matthew David McConaughey (məˈkɑnəˌheɪ born November 4 1969 is an American Actor. Sandra Annette Bullock (born July 26 1964 is a Screen Actors Guild Award-winning and two-time Golden Globe Award-nominated American - German Kevin Michael Costner (born January 18, 1955) is an American Actor, producer and Academy Award -winning director Richard Stuart Linklater (born July 30, 1960) is an Academy Award -nominated American Film director and Screenwriter Robert Anthony Rodriguez (born June 20 1968 is an American director, writer, producer, Cinematographer, editor and Musician Michael Saul Dell (born February 23, 1965, in Houston Texas) is an American businessman and the founder and CEO of Dell Inc Other well-known Austinites can be found in the List of Austinites. Famous current and former Austin Texas residents include Harry Anderson — actor comic magician Wes Anderson — film director
Media
Austin has been the location for a number of motion pictures, partly due to the influence of The University of Texas at Austin's Department of Radio-Television-Film. Films produced in Austin include Man of the House, Secondhand Lions, Waking Life, Spy Kids, Dazed and Confused, Office Space, The Life of David Gale, Miss Congeniality, Doubting Thomas, Slacker, Idiocracy, Road Trip, Blank Check, A Scanner Darkly,The Wendall Baker Story and most recently, Grindhouse and How To Eat Fried Worms. Man of the House is a 2005 Comedy Crime Film starring Tommy Lee Jones as a Texas Ranger given the thankless Secondhand Lions is a 2003 American adventure / Comedy film about a young boy who is sent to live with his two eccentric but mysterious Waking Life is a digitally enhanced live action rotoscoped film directed by Richard Linklater and made in 2001. Spy Kids is the first film of the ''Spy Kids'' series. It is directed and written by Robert Rodriguez. Dazed and Confused is a 1993 Comedy / Coming of age Film written and directed by Richard Linklater detailing a final Office Space is an American Comedy film, released in 1999, that was written and directed by Mike Judge. The Life of David Gale is a 2003 Drama film that tells the fictional story of a Philosophy professor David Gale who was dedicated to the Doubting Thomas is a term that is used to describe someone who will refuse to believe something without direct physical personal evidence a Skeptic. Slacker ( 1991) is an influential American Independent film written and directed by Richard Linklater, who also appears in the Idiocracy is a 2006 American dark comedy directed by Mike Judge, and starring Luke Wilson and Maya Rudolph. This article is about the film Road Trip For the PlayStation 2 video game see Road Trip Adventure. Blank Check is a 1994 Disney live action movie Plot The story begins when bank robber Carl Quigley ( Miguel Ferrer) A Scanner Darkly is a 2006 film directed by Richard Linklater based on the novel of the same name by Philip K A grindhouse is an American term for a theater that mainly showed Exploitation films. How to Eat Fried Worms is a 2006 Film based on the 1973 children's book of the same name by Thomas Rockwell. In order to draw future film projects to the area, the Austin Film Society has converted several airplane hangars from the former Mueller Airport into filmmaking center Austin Studios. The Austin Film Society ( AFS) is a non-profit Film society based in Austin Texas. Projects that have used facilities at Austin Studios include music videos by The Flaming Lips and feature films such as 25th Hour and Sin City. The Flaming Lips (formed in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma in 1983 is an American rock band 25th Hour is a 2002 Spike Lee film based on David Benioff 's novel The 25th Hour. Sin City is a 2005 film written produced and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez. Austin also hosted the MTV series, The Real World: Austin in 2005. MTV ( Music Television) is an American Cable television network based in New York City. The Real World Austin is the sixteenth season of MTV 's popular Reality television series The Real World, which focuses on seven
Austin's main daily newspaper is the Austin American-Statesman. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. The Austin American-Statesman is the major daily Newspaper for Austin, the capital city of Texas. The Austin Chronicle is Austin's alternative weekly, while The Daily Texan is the student newspaper of the University of Texas. The Austin Chronicle is an Alternative weekly, Tabloid -style Newspaper published every Thursday in Austin Texas, United An alternative newspaper is a type of Newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of opinionated Reviews and columns The Daily Texan is the Student newspaper of The University of Texas at Austin. Austin also has smaller newspapers such as the Oak Hill Gazette, Austin Business Journal, and Texas Family Magazine. Oak Hill Gazette is a weekly tabloid newspaper serving the Oak Hill area of southwest Austin Texas since 1995 Texas Monthly, a major regional magazine, is also headquartered in Austin. Texas Monthly is a monthly American Magazine published in Austin, Texas.
Austin hosts the annual Austin Film Festival, as well as the nationally acclaimed South by Southwest, which draw films of many different types from all over the world. The Austin Film Festival was started in 1994 in Austin Texas and is the first organization of its kind to focus on the writer’s unique creative contribution to the film and South by Southwest ( SXSW) is a set of interactive, Film, and Music festivals and conferences that take place In 2004 the city was first in Moviemaker Magazine's annual top ten cities to live and make movies. The 2007 South by Southwest festival included Pete Townshend, Iggy Pop, Tom Morello, and Rickie Lee Jones. South by Southwest ( SXSW) is a set of interactive, Film, and Music festivals and conferences that take place Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945 in Chiswick, London) is an English rock Guitarist, Singer, James Newell Osterberg Jr (born April 21, 1947) better known by his Stage name Iggy Pop, is an American rock singer Songwriter Thomas Baptist Morello (born May 30 1964 is a Grammy Award -winning American Guitarist best known for his tenure with the bands Rage Against the Machine Rickie Lee Jones (born November 8, 1954) is a two-time Grammy Award -winning Vocalist, Musician, Songwriter, and producer
Austin also hosts the annual Austin City Limits Music Festival, based on its own Austin City Limits television show. The Austin City Limits Music Festival is an annual three-day music and art festival in Austin Texas 's Zilker Park. Austin City Limits is an American Television music program and a staple of the Public Broadcasting Service. The festival and television show alike attract musical artists from around the world.
Local businesses and artists produce a lot of interesting handmade indie-fashion and organic-and-eco-friendly fashion, as can be seen on the 32nd street artist market, at festivals, and in many shops. Independent film is prominent in the city.
For a more complete list of Austin's various festivals, see the Wikitravel's Austin Travel Guide's Festivals list.
Theaters
Austin also has a strong theater culture, with dozens of itinerant and resident companies producing a wide variety of work. From Esther's Follies on East 6th Street to Zachary Scott on South Lamar Boulevard, live entertainment can be found around the city. Esther's Follies is a modern day Vaudeville theatre located on 6th Street in downtown Austin Texas. Many, many other theater groups exist and often perform publicly, collaborating often with dance and music groups. Public art and performances of many kinds in the parts and on bridges is popular and it is easy to find a myriad of diverse and creative free productions.
The Paramount Theatre opened in downtown Austin in 1915. The Paramount Theatre is a live theatre venue / movie theatre located in downtown Austin Texas in the United States of America. Managing to escape destruction throughout the years, it contributes not only to Austin's theater culture, but also to its film culture, showing a variety of classic films throughout the summer. The summer program features a series of double features, often paired with vintage cartoons or serials to complete the retro feel. Gone With the Wind is always the last movie shown. The theater also hosts regional premieres, for films such as Miss Congeniality. [2]
In January 2007, Austin Lyric Opera hosted the American Premiere of the Philip Glass opera, Waiting for the Barbarians, an allegory of oppressor and oppressed based on the novel by John Maxwell Coetzee of South Africa. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Philip Glass (born January 31 Waiting for the Barbarians is a Novel by the South African author J Coetzee, the Nobel Prize Winner for Literature in 2003, is a University of Texas at Austin graduate and former UT professor.
Sports
Austin is the largest city in the United States without a franchise in a major professional sports league. However, many Austinites enthusiastically support the University of Texas Longhorns' sports programs. Texas Longhorns athletics programs include the extramural and intramural sports teams of The University of Texas at Austin. The University of Texas football and baseball teams each won their respective national championships during the 2005-2006 seasons. Minor-league professional sports came to Austin in 1996, when the Austin Ice Bats began playing at the Travis County Expo Center. The Austin Ice Bats were a professional minor-league Ice hockey team based in Austin Texas, United States. Since then, they have been joined by many other teams.
Known for its active outdoor culture, Austin is home to many rock-climbers, swimmers, divers, snorkelers, mountain bikers, cyclists, as the city's numerous trails, mild year-round climate and limestone rock formations support such outdoor activities. Cycling is popular partly due to an environmental awareness and also due to the popularity of Lance Armstrong. Lance Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson September 18 1971 is an American professional road racing cyclist for UCI ProTeam Team Astana It is a city of volunteering, activism, intellectualism, charity, and giving to the community; the sense of community is strong and people participate in many events to help their neighbors and many causes.
In addition to team sports, the combined draws of the bicycle-friendly Texas Hill Country that begins in Northwest Austin, the centrally-located Lady Bird Lake Hike and Bike Trail, and local pools like Barton Springs make Austin the home of several endurance and multi-sport races and communities. The Austin Ice Bats were a professional minor-league Ice hockey team based in Austin Texas, United States. Hockey is any of a family of Sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a Ball, or a hard round rubber or heavy plastic disc called a puck Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The Central Hockey League (CHL is a mid-level Professional hockey league owned by Global Entertainment Corporation. Chaparral Ice is an ice skating facility located in Austin Texas. The Round Rock Express is a Minor league baseball franchise based in Round Rock Texas. Baseball is a Bat-and-ball Sport played between two teams of nine players each Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The Pacific Coast League (PCL is a Minor league baseball league operating in the West and Midwest of the United States. The Dell Diamond is the home Stadium of the Round Rock Express, the AAA Minor league baseball affiliate of the Houston Astros major league Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common History In 1995 the USISL split into two leagues one professional and one amateur Austin Aztex is an American professional Soccer team based in Austin Texas, set to begin play in 2009. Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. History In 1996 the United Systems of Independent Soccer Leagues established the new Select League consisting of its strongest teams from its professional FIFA The Austin Outlaws are a women's football team in the National Women's Football Association. American football, known in the United States and Canada simply as football, is a competitive Team sport known for mixing strategy with Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The National Women's Football Association (NWFA is a full-contact American football league for women headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. House Park is a 6000-seat (although there were 8000 present for the 2006 games between Austin High and Austin Westlake football stadium in Austin, Texas The Austin Wranglers are an American football team from Austin Texas in the Arenafootball2. This article is about the sport of Arena Football See Arena Football (video game for the EA Sports Video game of the same name "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " af2 (short for arenafootball2) is the name of the Arena Football League 's Minor league, which started play in 2000. The Frank C Erwin Jr Special Events Center — usually just The Erwin Center in common usage — is a multi-purpose Arena on the Campus of The Austin Toros are a NBA Development League minor league Basketball team based in Austin Texas. Basketball is a team Sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by propelling a ball through a 10 feet (3 m Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The NBA Development League, or D-League, is the National Basketball Association 's officially sponsored and operated developmental Basketball organization Neal Kocurek Memorial Austin Convention Center is a multi-purpose Convention center located in Austin Texas, USA Deep Eddy Pool is a historic man-made Swimming pool in Austin, Texas. The Texas Hill Country is a region of Central Texas, USA, that features rolling somewhat rugged Hills that consist primarily of Limestone Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) is a reservoir on the Colorado River in downtown Austin, Texas, in the United States Barton Springs are four natural springs located on the grounds of Zilker Park in Austin Texas resulting from water flowing through the Edwards Aquifer The Capitol 10,000 is the largest 10 K race in Texas, and approximately fifth largest in the nation. The Austin Marathon has been run in the city every year since 1992. The Austin Marathon is an annual Marathon held in Austin Texas. The Austin-founded American Swimming Association hosts an open water swimming event, the Academy Capital 2 K, and other closed-course, open water, and cable swim races around town. Austin is also the hometown of several cycling groups and the champion cyclist Lance Armstrong. Combining these three disciplines is a growing crop of triathlons, including the Capital of Texas Triathlon held every Memorial Day on and around Lady Bird Lake, Auditorium Shores, and downtown Austin. Memorial Day is a United States Federal holiday observed on the last Monday of May (on May in) Lady Bird Lake (formerly Town Lake) is a reservoir on the Colorado River in downtown Austin, Texas, in the United States
Tourist attractions
Many of the tourists that visit Austin come for its vibrant nightlife; however, there are many other attractions in Austin, including the Texas Memorial Museum, the Blanton Museum of Art (opened in 2006), the galleries at the Harry Ransom Center, and the Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum across the street (which opened in 2000). The Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum, is a Museum owned by the State of Texas dedicated to telling "The Story of Texas The Texas Memorial Museum is the main exhibit hall of the Texas Natural Science Center at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin Texas, USA The Blanton Museum of Art is the Art museum and research center of the University of Texas at Austin under the College of Fine Arts. The Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center is a Library and Archive at the University of Texas at Austin, specializing in the collection of literary and The Bob Bullock Texas State History Museum, is a Museum owned by the State of Texas dedicated to telling "The Story of Texas The Texas State Capitol itself is also a major tourist attraction. The Texas State Capitol, located in Austin Texas, is the fourth building to serve as the seat of Texas government The Driskill Hotel built in 1886, located at 6th and Brazos, was finished just before the construction of the Capitol building. The Driskill Hotel, a Romanesque style building completed in 1886, is the oldest operating Hotel in Austin, Texas, USA Sixth Street is a musical hub for the city but also includes annual festivals such as the Pecan Street Festival and Halloween night. 6th Street is a historic Street and entertainment district in Austin Texas. The Pecan Street Festival is the common name for the Old Pecan Street Spring and Fall Arts Festival, a free bi-annual juried fine art and arts and crafts festival held on 6th A very strange and eccentric, unique Austin haven for weird arts such as fire-dancing and circus-like-acts is the Enchanted Forest, which hosts many outdoor art and performance events. The Austin City Limits Music Festival also brings many tourists from around the nation. The Austin City Limits Music Festival is an annual three-day music and art festival in Austin Texas 's Zilker Park.
The Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge houses the world's largest urban population of Mexican free-tailed bats. The Ann W Richards Congress Avenue Bridge (formerly known simply as the Congress Avenue Bridge) crosses over Lady Bird Lake in Austin, Texas The Mexican Free-tailed Bat ( Tadarida brasiliensis) is a medium sized Bat. Starting in late February, up to 1. 5 million bats take up residence inside the bridge's expansion and contraction zones as well as in long horizontal grooves running the length of the bridge's underside, an environment ideally suited for raising their young. Every evening around sunset, the bats emerge in search of insects, an exit visible on weather radar. Watching the bat emergence is an event that is popular with locals and tourists, with more than 100,000 viewers per year. The bats migrate to Mexico each winter. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America.
Considering Austin's "Earth-friendly" persona, it is appropriate that the Austin Zoo, located in the Oak Hill neighborhood just north of US 290, is a rescue zoo that provides sanctuary to displaced animals from a variety of unfortunate and often neglectful situations. The Austin Zoo is a non-profit rescue zoo and Animal sanctuary that was founded by Jim and Cindy Carroccio with the help of her family
Austin also has several well-known swimming locations. These include Deep Eddy Pool, Texas' oldest man-made swimming pool, and Barton Springs Pool, the nation's largest natural swimming pool in an urban area. Deep Eddy Pool is a historic man-made Swimming pool in Austin, Texas. Barton Springs Pool is a man-made swimming pool located on the grounds of Zilker Park in Austin Texas. Both are spring-fed and maintain a constant temperature of 69 degrees year-round -- swimming in Barton Springs at Christmas is an annual tradition for many Austinites. Hippie Hollow, a county park situated along Lake Travis, is the only clothing-optional public park in Texas. Hippie Hollow Park (originally known as MacGregor County Park and now simply called Hippie Hollow) is a county park in central Texas located on the shore Activities include rockclimbing, kayaking, swimming, exploring, and hiking along the greenbelt, a green, lush, long-spanning area that runs through the city. Hamilton Pool is a gorgeous and cool (temperature-wise) pool and wildlife park located about 30 minutes from the city and is strongly recommended by many locals.
Farmers markets are popular attractions, providing a variety of locally grown and often organic goods.
Architectural landmarks
Buildings that make up Austin's skyline are modest in height and somewhat spread out. The latter characteristic is due to a restriction that preserves the view of the Texas State Capitol building from various locations around Austin. The Texas State Capitol, located in Austin Texas, is the fourth building to serve as the seat of Texas government This is according to the report produced by the Downtown Commission (June 2007). Downtown Development and Capitol View Corridors. The city's tallest building, 360 Condominiums, is under construction and topped out in late 2007. The Austin 360 Condominiums Tower is a residential skyscraper at 360 Nueces Street Austin, Texas, United States, standing 563 feet (172 m tall and containing Austin's second tallest building and tallest completed structure, the Frost Bank Tower, opened in 2004 and stands at 515 feet (157 m) and is located at the corner of Congress Avenue and 4th Street. The Frost Bank Tower is a skyscraper in Austin, the state capital of Texas in the United States. Congress Avenue is a major thoroughfare in Austin Texas. The street is a six-lane tree lined avenue that cuts through the middle of the city from far south Austin and goes Austin is currently undergoing a skyscraper boom, which includes construction on the 360 Condominiums at 563 feet (172 m), the Austonian at 683 feet (208 m), and the T. Stacy Towers at 830 feet (253 m) and 420 feet (128 m) tall. By 2011, the Frost Bank Tower will be the only skyscraper built before 2005 to remain in the top ten tallest buildings in the city.
The iconic Pennybacker Bridge, also known as the "360 Bridge", crosses Lake Austin to connect north and south Loop 360. The Pennybacker Bridge in Austin Texas Bridges Lake Austin to connect north and south Loop 360 highway also known as the "Capital Loop 360 is a Loop route in Austin in the US state of Texas. Loop 360 is a scenic Highway winding through the hills of West
At night, parts of Austin are lighted with "artificial moonlight. " Several 165-foot moonlight towers, built in the late 19th century and recognized as historic landmarks, illuminate the central part of the city. Moonlight towers are lighting structures designed to illuminate large areas of a city at night Only 17 of the 31 original towers remain standing. The towers are featured in the film, Dazed and Confused. Dazed and Confused is a 1993 Comedy / Coming of age Film written and directed by Richard Linklater detailing a final Austin's Zilker Park Tree is a Christmas display made of lights strung from the top of a Moonlight Tower in Zilker Park. Zilker Metropolitan Park is a recreational area in the heart of south Austin (near Barton Springs Pool and Lady Bird Lake) that comprises over 350 acres The Zilker Tree is lit in December along with the "Trail of Lights," an Austin Christmas tradition.
Transportation
Central Austin is bracketed by Interstate 35 to the east and the Mopac Expressway to the west. Austin-Bergstrom International Airport is a mixed-use commercial Airport located five miles (8 km) southeast of the Central business district of Interstate 35 in Texas (abbreviated I-35 or IH-35) is a major north-south Interstate Highway running from Laredo near the United States-Mexico Loop 1 is a controlled-access Highway which provides access to the west side of Austin in the U U.S. Highway 183 runs from northwest to southeast, and State Highway 71 crosses southern part of the city from east to west, completing a rough "box" around the central and north-central city. US Route 183 is a north-south United States highway. US 183 was the last US route to be completely paved State Highway 71 or SH 71 is a Texas state highway that runs 253 miles Austin is the largest city in the United States to be served by only one Interstate Highway.
U.S. Highway 290 enters Austin from the east and merges into I-35. US Highway 290 (or US 290) is an east-west Highway located entirely in Texas. Its highway designation continues south on I-35 and then becomes part of Highway 71, continuing on to the west. Highway 290 becomes its own road again southwest of the city, when it splits from Highway 71 in a busy interchange in Oak Hill known as "The Y. " Highway 71 continues as far west as Brady, TX, and Highway 290 continues west to intersect Interstate 10 near Junction. Brady is a city in McCulloch County, Texas, United States, and is the closest city to the geographical center of the state In the US state of Texas, Interstate 10 is the major east-west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. Interstate 35 continues south through San Antonio, TX, and continues to its culmination at Laredo, TX, which is on the Texas-Mexico border. Laredo ( "luh-RAID-o" in English in Spanish is the County seat of Webb County, Texas, United States Interstate 35 is the highway link to the Dallas-Ft. Worth metroplex in northern Texas. There are two links to Houston, TX (Highway 290 and State Highway 71/Interstate 10). Highway 183 leads northwest of Austin and is a route with other major highways to such cities as Abilene, San Angelo, Lubbock, Amarillo, Albuquerque and Denver.
In the mid-1980s, Austin completed construction on Loop 360, a scenic highway that curves through the hill country from near the 71/Mopac interchange in the south to near the 183/Mopac interchange in the north. Loop 360 is a Loop route in Austin in the US state of Texas. Loop 360 is a scenic Highway winding through the hills of West
In November 2006, Austin opened the first segments of its first-ever tollway system: State Highway 130 runs from Georgetown, Hutto, Round Rock, Pflugerville, where it connects with 45, passes US 290 just between the city limits of Austin and Manor, extending around the east side of the city until it ends at 71 just east of the airport. State Highway 130, also known as SH 130 and Pickle Parkway, is a new Tollway under construction in a 89-mile corridor east of Austin Texas. Georgetown is a suburban community in Williamson County, Texas, United States. Hutto is a city in Williamson County, Texas, United States. It is part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area Pflugerville (ˈfluːgɚvɪl is a city in Travis and Williamson Counties Texas, United States. Manor (ˈmeɪnɚ is a city in Travis County, Texas, United States. The next segment will loop around the airport to the east and meet with US 183 south of Creedmoor, then the last few segments will continue southward until it reaches Interstate 10 in Seguin, east of San Antonio. Creedmoor is a city in Travis County, Texas, United States. The population was 211 at the 2000 census and 188 in the 2005 census estimate Seguin (səˈgiːn is a city in Guadalupe County, Texas, in the United States.
State Highway 45 runs east-west from just west of Highway 183 in Cedar Park to 130 inside Pflugerville (just south of Round Rock). State Highway 45 is a planned highway loop around Austin Texas that exists in two open segments Cedar Park is a city in Travis and Williamson Counties in the U Pflugerville (ˈfluːgɚvɪl is a city in Travis and Williamson Counties Texas, United States. From there it becomes 45 North/South and is cosigned with 130, currently where 130 ends.
The project also included a tolled extension to Mopac that allows direct access to I-35.
The 183A Toll Road opened as of March 2007, providing a tolled alternative to 183 through the congested cities of Leander and Cedar Park. Leander (pronounced lee-ANN-der) is a city in Williamson and Travis counties in the U
Remaining segments of 45 and 130 are scheduled for completion in 2007. A separate segment of 45 still under development (State Highway 45 SE) will eventually connect US 183/State Highway 130 to I-35, in south Austin.
Austin's airport is Austin-Bergstrom International Airport (IATA code AUS), located 5 miles (8 km) southeast of the city. Austin-Bergstrom International Airport is a mixed-use commercial Airport located five miles (8 km) southeast of the Central business district of A Format of entries is IATA (ICAO – Airport Name – Airport Location
Capital Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Capital Metro) provides public transportation to the city, primarily by bus. History The creation of Capital Metro was approved in 1985 by the citizens of Austin with a one-cent sales tax CapMet is planning to change some routes to "Rapid Lines". The lines will feature 60-ft long, train-like high-tech buses. This addition is going to be implemeted to help reduce congestion. Capital Metro also is building a commuter rail system that is scheduled for completion in fall 2008. Various terms are used for Passenger rail lines and equipment The system was built on existing freight rail lines and will serve downtown Austin, East Austin, Northcentral Austin, Northwest Austin, and Leander in its first phase. Future expansion could include a line to Manor and another to Round Rock. Capital Metro is also looking into a circulator system of streetcars to connect most of Downtown, the University of Texas, and the 700-acre Mueller Airport Redevelopment. The streecar system would help connect the new rail line to key destinations in Central Austin. An Amtrak Texas Eagle station is located west of downtown. The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The Texas Eagle is a 1306-mile (2102 km Passenger train route operated by Amtrak in the central and western United States. The Austin Amtrak station is located in the former station of the Missouri Pacific Railroad, just west of downtown Austin, Texas. Segments of the Amtrak route between Austin and San Antonio are under evaluation for a future passenger rail corridor as an alternative to the traffic congestion of Interstate 35.
Education
Given the title of America's #1 College Town by the Travel Channel, Austin is home to The University of Texas at Austin, one of the largest universities in the country and the flagship institution of The University of Texas System — the largest state system of higher education in Texas. The Travel Channel is a Cable television network that features The University of Texas System comprises fifteen Educational institutions in Texas, of which nine are for academy universities and six are Health Other institutions of higher learning include Austin Community College, Concordia University, Huston-Tillotson University, St. Edward's University, the Episcopal Theological Seminary of the Southwest, the Acton School of Business, Austin Graduate School of Theology, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary, and a branch of LeTourneau University. Austin Community College is a regional Community college district with seven Campuses located in various areas in and around the city of Austin Texas Concordia University Texas is a private, Coeducational institution of Liberal arts and Sciences located in northwest Austin Texas Huston-Tillotson University is a historically black university in Austin Texas. St Edward's University is a small private Roman Catholic institution of higher learning located south of Lady Bird Lake in Austin Texas. The Episcopal Theological Seminary of the Southwest is a Seminary of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. The Acton School of Business is a private one-year MBA in Entrepreneurship program in Austin Texas, taught by successful practicing entrepreneurs Austin Graduate School of Theology, formerly known as Institute for Christian Studies, is located in Austin, Texas, in the United States of America Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary is a Presbyterian Seminary in Austin Texas. LeTourneau University is a private, nondenominational Christian University located in Longview Texas with flagship programs in engineering
Most of the city is covered by the Austin Independent School District. Austin Independent School District is a School district that is based in the city of Austin, Texas, United States. Parts of Austin are served by other districts, including Round Rock Independent School District, Pflugerville Independent School District, Leander Independent School District, Manor Independent School District, Del Valle Independent School District, Lake Travis Independent School District, and Eanes Independent School District. Round Rock Independent School District ( RRISD) is a School district headquartered in the city of Round Rock, Texas, United States. Pflugerville Independent School District ( PISD) is a public School district based in Pflugerville, Texas ( USA) Leander Independent School District is a School district based in Leander, Texas ( USA) and covering Leander Cedar Park, Jonestown Manor Independent School District is a public School district based in Manor, Texas ( USA) Del Valle Independent School District is a public School district in Del Valle which is in southeastern Travis County, Texas ( USA) Lake Travis Independent School District is a public School district in western Travis County, Texas ( USA) Eanes Independent School District ( EISD) (pronounced EEN-ss is a School district in West Lake Hills, Texas ( USA) which is part of Researchers at Central Connecticut State University ranked Austin the 23rd most literate city in America for 2007. Central Connecticut State University is a state university in New Britain, Connecticut. [20]
Private and alternative education is also available for children in preschool-12th grade. Institutions include Garza (which is public), the Waldorf schools, The Griffin school,St. Stephen's Episcopal School (Austin, Texas), St. St Stephen's Episcopal School is a private diocesan Episcopal boarding and Day school in Austin Texas. Mary's, St. Michael's Catholic Academy, St. Andrew's Episcopal School, St. Multiple schools go by the name St Andrew's Episcopal School: North America: St Francis School, Trinity Episcopal School, Huntington-Surrey, and many Montessori schools. Liberal Arts and Science Academy of Austin at LBJ High School has been considered by many magazines and scholars to be one of the best public high schools in the country, and Kealing and Fulmore middle schools offer similar and similarly nationally-acclaimed programs known as the magnet programs. The Liberal Arts and Science Academy High School of Austin is a specialized High school for students interested in Liberal arts, Science, and/or There are also some elementary, middle, and high schools that offer gifted and talented, and International Baccalaureate programs.
See also
Notes
- ^ a b c Live Music Capital of the World. Famous current and former Austin Texas residents include Harry Anderson — actor comic magician Wes Anderson — film director The music of Austin Texas centers on 6th Street, Red River and South Congress where bars and clubs of every kind can be found The following is a list of full-power FCC -licensed Radio stations in the U The following is a list of mayors of Austin, Texas City of Austin. Retrieved on 2007-06-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
- ^ a b c The ATX. ATX Fest. Retrieved on 2007-04-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus
- ^ a b Population Estimates for the 25 Largest U.S. Cities based on July 1, 2006 Population Estimates (PDF). US Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2007-06-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ The fastest growing U.S. cities - Jun. 28, 2007
- ^ http://money.cnn.com/magazines/moneymag/bplive/2006/top100/bigcities.html Money. cnn. com
- ^ http://cityguides.msn.com/citylife/greenarticle.aspx?cp-documentid=4848625 "The 10 Greenest Cities in America. " (MSN City Guide)
- ^ Best People in U.S. Cities. Travelandleisure. com and CNN Headline News (2007). Retrieved on 2008-04-07. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor
- ^ What Native American tribe was most common in the area?. Austin City Connection. Retrieved on 2007-09-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
- ^ The History of Austin last 5 paragraphs. Austin City Connection. Retrieved on 2007-12-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
- ^ a b c d e Austin Weather & Climate. About. com. Retrieved on 2007-03-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
- ^ a b c Austin Climate Summary. NOAA. Retrieved on 2006-07-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to
- ^ VERY HOT EARLY SEPTEMBER 2000 WEATHER. National Weather Service. Retrieved on 2007-03-19. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China.
- ^ a b c MontAverages. Weather. com. Retrieved on 2006-07-13. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1174 - William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173-1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to
- ^ http://www.cityofaustin.org./siscity/ Austin Sister Cities - general information
- ^ The Nielsen Company Issues Top Ten U.S. Lists For 2007, from the Nielsen Company website
- ^ PRWeb (2006-10-06). The Nielsen Company is a Dutch-American Media conglomerate, headquartered in New York NY. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus "Ballet Austin Celebrates Golden 50th Anniversary Season". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-10-04. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas
- ^ Central Connecticut State University study, accessed August 1, 2006
External links
Official sites
- City of Austin
- Austin-Bergstrom International Airport
- Austin Convention & Visitors Bureau
- Capital Metro - Public transportation in the Austin Metro Area
Media and entertainment
TV
- Public Access Community Television (PACT)
- KLRU (PBS member TV station)
- News 8 Austin (24-hour local cable news channel)
- KXAN-TV Austin (NBC Affiliate for Austin)
Newspapers and magazines
- Oak Hill Gazette
- Austin Business Journal
- Austin Chronicle
- Austin American-Statesman
- Texas Family Magazine
Museums
Festivals
Places
- Austin Public Library
- Travis County Law Library
- Austin History Center
- Greater Austin Chamber of Commerce
Nature and environment
- Hornsby Bend Bird Observatory
- Bat Conservation International page on the Congress Avenue Bats
- Wild Basin Wilderness Preserve
Photos
- Historic photographs from the Austin History Center, hosted by the Portal to Texas History
- AustinPostcard.com - Postcards, photographs and ephemera of historic significance to Austin
- The Austin Map Project - "A communal effort to photographically document the beauty of Austin, Texas. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the "
- Urban Austin - Architecture and urban design in Austin
Statistics
- Austin from the Handbook of Texas Online
- Population Estimates for Metropolitan, Micropolitan, and Combined Statistical Areas
- Austin House Statistics. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas
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