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The Arizona State Museum. (ASM), founded in 1893, was originally a repository for the collection and protection of archaeological resources. Today, however, ASM stores artifacts, exhibits them and provides education and research opportunities. It was formed by authority of the Arizona State Legislature. The Museum is operated by the University of Arizona, and is located in Tucson. The University of Arizona (also referred to as UA, U of A, or Arizona) is a Land-grant and space-grant public institution Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast [1]

Relationships with Native Peoples. Native peoples have existed in the North American continent for millennia. The term Indigenous Peoples or autochthonous peoples can be used to describe any Ethnic group who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest historical ASM investigates habitation, lifeways, art and communication in which these peoples in the Southwest engaged. [2]

Investigations by ASM. Museum staff investigate sites of past occupiers of North America to discover how people of that time lived, what they ate, what they wore and how they created their art. These people lived day-to-day, created homesites and villages that, in many cases, have crumbled or been destroyed by natural forces. [3], [4], [5], [6]

ASM Collections. ASM holds artifacts created by cultures from the past as well as those presently active. The types of artifacts include pottery, jewelry, baskets, textiles and clothing. Pottery is the Ceramic ware made by potters It also refers to a group of materials that includes Earthenware, Stoneware Jewellery (also spelled jewelry, see spelling differences) is a personal Ornament, such as a necklace ring or bracelet made from Gemstones A basket is a container which is traditionally constructed from stiff fibres often made of Willow. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. Clothing (also called clothes, accoutrements, accouterments, or habiliments) protects the Human body from extreme Weather Archaeological objects were unearthed during excavations by museum staff and others. Ethnological items (those not acquired from excavation) have been donated by Native American tribes, acquired from individuals, as well as purchased by ASM. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States

Exhibits by ASM. ASM continuously exhibits some of the objects it holds. These may be, for example, an exhibit of pottery made recently and in the past, masks made by Mexican artisans, textiles woven by Native American masters, and many more. [7]

Working With Students. Students of archaeology, anthropology, art, design and other areas of investigation work with ASM personnel to become better acquainted with materials, techniques and objects from ASM’s collections. Some students participate in excavations conducted by the Museum.

Documents for Research. The Office of Ethnohistoric Research maintains documents and microfilm for finding written records to research activities of those who entered the southwest prior to the 20th century. The Spanish explorers entered the Southwest in the 16th century. Their influence extended north and south throughout the various civilizations then existing. Their activities affected all whom they contacted and continue to this very day. [8]

Public Programs. ASM offers a full calendar of public programs, such as the Southwest Indian Art Fair, held annually. Other events include family-oriented activities, lectures on subjects related to ASM’s activities, and many more categories. [9]

Archaeological Site Database. AZSite maintains and updates a database of cultural sites and surveys that may be accessed by those involved in related activities. This allows investigators to locate information without having to physically visit widely separated and, perhaps, little-known sites. There are hundreds of these sites in Arizona. [10]

Library. The Arizona State Museum’s Library is a reference library containing 70,000 volumes. A reference library does not lend books and other items instead they must be read at the Library itself Those interested in reading and/or studying the monographs, reports of excavations and dissertations may visit it. The library has an extensive collection of periodic journals and magazines dealing with archaeology, excavations and museums. [11]

Relationships with Tribes. ASM has ongoing relations and communications with tribal members across the Southwest. This involves staff visits to tribal communities, visits to ASM by tribal members to evaluate objects, and cooperation with ASM staff during excavations. A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use ASM also administers federal law dealing with return of human remains, sacred objects, funerary objects and objects of cultural patrimony. Federal law is the body of Law created by the Federal government of a country With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual [12] [13]

Staff. A museum is made up of more than material objects. One of the most important parts is the personnel that conduct the business of the museum. There are some 63 professional and staff personnel at ASM, including archaeologists, ethnohistorians, curators and librarians.

Safe Storage. Each type of artifact held by ASM must be contained in an area that is protected from the damaging effects of humidity, heat and insects. ASM is home to the world’s largest collection of Southwest Indian pottery housed in a recently upgraded vault so as to protect its 20,000 vessels from the damage suffered in the past. [14] [15]

Early ASM Director. An early and significant director of the Museum, Emil Haury, conducted numerous excavations in the southwest and taught students and others about his methods and discoveries. Emil Walter "Doc" Haury (Born May 2 1904 Newton Kansas - Died December 5 1992 Tucson Arizona) was an influential archaeologist who specialized in the [16]

Rio Nuevo. Revitalization of downtown Tucson has resulted in an extensive plan to recreate certain of the structures which were, at one time, a prominent part of the life of peoples living then around the area. Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast In addition, ASM and several major institutions will be part of the newly constructed area. [17] [18]

Arizona Legislative Mandate. Arizona State Museum administers the Arizona Antiquities Act and state laws concerning the discovery of human remains. In fulfillment of these responsibilities, ASM issues permits for archaeological work on state lands (lands owned or controlled by Arizona or any agent of Arizona), negotiates the disposition of archaeological human remains, maintains an archaeological site file, and provides repository services for the curation of archaeological collections [19], [20], [21]

The museum is an affiliate of the Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of

References

  1. ^ Legislative Authority
  2. ^ Arizona State Museum "About" page
  3. ^ Homolovi Ruins State Park
  4. ^ Sierra Ancha Cliff Dwellings
  5. ^ San Pedro River
  6. ^ Marana Mound
  7. ^ Current Exhibitions at Arizona State Museum
  8. ^ Documentary Relations of the Southwest (DRSW)
  9. ^ Events and Programs
  10. ^ Database of Archaeological Sites in Arizona
  11. ^ ASM Library
  12. ^ Repatriation of Native American Artifacts
  13. ^ Native Nations Advisory Board
  14. ^ New Pottery Vault
  15. ^ Indian Country Newspaper and Pottery Project
  16. ^ Haury biography
  17. ^ Rio Nuevo Program
  18. ^ Arizona State Museum in Rio Nuevo
  19. ^ Archaeological Permits
  20. ^ Statutory Authority to Issue Permits
  21. ^ Duty to Report Discoveries

External Links

The Homolovi Ruins State Park is a preservation of over 300 Ancestral Puebloan Archaeological sites The Sierra Ancha (“broad range” in Spanish) is a Mountain range in Gila County, in central Arizona.
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