Archduke Johann (or John) of Austria (January 20, 1782 - May 11, 1859) was the 13th child of Leopold, Grand Duke Leopold of Tuscany and later Holy Roman Emperor. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1782 ( MDCCLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Leopold II (May 5 1747 March 1 1792 born Peter Leopold Joseph Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard, was Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792 and Grand Duke The Holy Roman Emperor (Römischer Kaiser or Römisch-Deutscher Kaiser Romanorum Imperator was the elected monarch ruling over the many varying numbers of states His son from a morganatic marriage was Franz Graf von Meran. A morganatic marriage is a type of Marriage which can be contracted in certain countries usually between people of unequal Social rank, which prevents the passage
Biography
Johann was born in Florence, where his father Leopold ruled as Grand Duke of Tuscany. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany In 1790, Leopold became Emperor and moved his family to Vienna. Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
Archduke John had only been given basic military education before he was thrust into commanding the army in Germany in September 1800. He showed personal bravery, but was defeated badly at Hohenlinden on 3rd December 1800. Hohenlinden is a community in the Upper Bavarian district of Ebersberg. After the peace in 1801, Archduke John was made General Director of the Engineering and Fortification Service, and later commander of two military academies. In 1805 he directed an able defence of several Tyrolean passes brought him the Commander Cross of the MTO. By 1808 he was pressing for the creation of a Landwehr and in 1809 he commanded the army in Italy (VIII and IX Korps) against Prince Eugene. Landwehr, or Landeswehr, is a German language term used in referring to certain national armies, or Militias found in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century This article refers to the Austrian Habsburg military leader for the stepson of Napoleon Bonaparte see Eugène de Beauharnais. Although initially successful, Archduke John was eventually beaten on the Piave and at Raab.
After losing his military ambitions, which had been forced upon him by his brother, Emperor Franz II, as a consequence of the defeat by Napoleon in Tyrol, he turned to Styria. Francis II (Franz II Heiliger Römischer Kaiser ( 12 February 1768 &ndash 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Tyrol is a region in Western Central Europe, which included the present day Austrian state of Tyrol (consisting of North Tyrol and East The Duchy of Styria (Herzogtum Steiermark Vojvodina Štajerska Stájerország was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. In that duchy, he developed a great interest for nature, technology and agriculture. He collected minerals and was active as an alpinist and hunter. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific Hunting is the practice of pursuing Animals for Food, Recreation, or Trade. In his early days Archduke Johann and his brother Louis had the habit of travelling to France, where the latter married to Madame de Gueroust. Archduke Louis Joseph Anton Johann Prince Imperial of Austria Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia and Prince of Tuscany ( 13 December 1784 – 21 December Château de Boisclaireau was the residence of the noble Gueroust family who were the Counts of Boisclaireau in Sarthe, Pays-de-la-Loire, France
In the history of Styria, he is remembered as a great modernizer and became an important figure of identification for Styrians. His proximity to the people is given evidence to by his many contacts with the common man, by wearing the local Tracht, the Steireranzug, and by collecting and promoting the material and spiritual culture of the country. Tracht is traditional Austrian and Bavarian Costume. Recently there has been a renewed interest in tracht In 1829, he married Anna Maria Josephine Plochl, the daughter of Jakob Plochl, the postmaster of Aussee, and wife Maria Anna Pilz, whose descendants were styled the "Counts of Meran" and "Barons of Brandhofen". For the game see 1829 (board game. Year 1829 ( MDCCCXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display Postmaster (or Postmistress) refers to the head of an individual Post office. Bad Aussee is a town in the Austrian state of Styria, located at the confluence of the three sources of the Traun River in the Ausseerland region
He was a passionate mountaineer and attempted to be the first to climb the Großvenediger. Großvenediger is generally considered to be Austria's fourth highest Mountain (although it can be up to sixteenth if every subsidiary summit is counted For that reason, the Erzherzog-Johann-Hütte (Adlersruhe) at the Großglockner, and the Archduke John's Vanilla Orchid (Nigritella rubra subsp. The Grossglockner (Veliki Klek Großglockner also Glockner) is at 3798 m Above sea level, Austria 's highest Mountain archiducis-joannis), an orchid growing on mountain meadows, are named after him.
In 1811, he laid the foundation for the Joanneum in Graz, the predecessor of Graz University of Technology. Year 1811 ( MDCCCXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Graz (etymologically from Slovene: Gradec IPA /gradeʦ/ "little castle" with a population of around 290000 as of 2008 (of which 252852 have principal Graz University of Technology (German "Technische Universität Graz" short "TU Graz" is (after University of Graz) the second largest university in Some other foundations were initiated by him, such as the Styrian State Archive 1817, the Berg- und Hüttenmännische Lehranstalt, which was founded in 1840 in Vordernberg and became the University of Leoben in 1849, the Styrian Society for Agriculture 1819, the Mutual Fire Insurance, the Styrian Building Society, the Landesoberrealschule in 1845 und the Society for Styrian History in 1850. Year 1817 ( MDCCCXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The University of Leoben, in the town of Leoben, Austria, is the country's university for mining metallurgy and materials Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Year 1845 ( MDCCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link
By acquiring a tin factory in Krems bei Voitsberg and coal mines near Köflach he also became an industrialist. Tin is a Chemical element with the symbol Sn (stannum and Atomic number 50 Voitsberg is a small city in the district of Voitsberg in Styria, Austria, with a population of 10074 as of 2001 Köflach is a small city in the district of Voitsberg in Styria, Austria, at the foot of the Stubalpe mountain
In 1840, he bought the Stainz dominion, where he was also freely elected as mayor in 1850. Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Stainz is a municipality in the district of Deutschlandsberg in Styria, Austria. For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link He was already the lord of the Brandhofen dominion.
His routing of the Austrian Southern Railway from Vienna to Triest over the Semmering and through the Mura and Mürz valleys to Graz is particularly notable. The Austrian Southern Railway ( German Österreichische Südbahn or just Südbahn, Slovene Južna železnica) was an Austrian Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Trieste (Trieste Slovene and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy very near to For the town of the same name see Semmering Austria. Semmering (el Mura (Mur prekmurian Müra) is a River in Central Europe, a Tributary of the Drava and subsequently the Danube The Mürz is a river in Austria. It begins north of the Schneealpe in Lower Austria, flows into Styria, and meets the Mura after Even though Johann did not consider himself a liberal, he promoted some liberal ideas. He was often in conflict with the Habsburg court, especially because of his morganatic marriage. A morganatic marriage is a type of Marriage which can be contracted in certain countries usually between people of unequal Social rank, which prevents the passage
In 1848, the Frankfurt National Assembly appointed him regent of the realm. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The Frankfurt Parliament ( German: Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected Parliament A regent, from the Latin regens "who reigns" is a person selected to act as Head of state (ruling or not because the ruler is a minor After the failure of the March Revolution of 1848, he resigned from this office in 1849. " Germany " at the time of the Revolutions of 1848 had been a collection of 39 States loosely bound together in the German Confederation. Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common
Archduke Johann died in Graz in 1859. He is buried in Schenna near Merano (Italy). Schenna (Scena ( Italian: Scena; German: Schenna; Archaic (1116AD Schennano) is a Comune (municipality Merano ( Italian, now most common in English German: Meran, also used in English Ladin: Meran; Archaic (857 AD Mairania Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest He was the great-grandfather of noted conductor Nikolaus Harnoncourt. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Nikolaus Harnoncourt ( Count Johann Nicolaus Graf de la Fontaine und
Ancestry
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