Citizendia

Aram Khachaturian

Background information
Birth nameAram Il'yich Khachaturian
BornJune 6, 1903(1903-06-06)
Tbilisi, Georgia, Imperial Russia
DiedMay 1, 1978 (aged 74)
Moscow, Soviet Union (buried in Yerevan, Armenia)
Occupation(s)Composer
Conductor

Aram Khachaturian (Armenian: Արամ Խաչատրյան, Aram Xačatryan; Russian: Аpaм Ильич Xaчaтypян, Aram Il'ič Hačaturjan) (June 6, 1903–May 1, 1978) was a Soviet-Armenian composer whose works were often influenced by Armenian folk music. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Tbilisi (ˌtbiˈliːsi in Georgian: თბილისი is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Yerevan (Երևան Երեւան or Երեվան ˌjɛrəˈvɑːn sometimes written as Erevan, Iravan, Erewan, Ayrivan, and Erivan Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures The Armenian language (hy հայերեն լեզու hajɛɹɛn lɛzu —, conventional short form) is an Indo-European language spoken by the Armenian Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1903 ( MCMIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar or a Common year starting Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous

Contents

Life

Aram Khachaturian was born in Tbilisi, Georgia, Imperial Russia to a poor Armenian family. Tbilisi (ˌtbiˈliːsi in Georgian: თბილისი is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large In his youth, he was fascinated by the music he heard around him, but at first he did not study music or learn to read it. In 1921, he travelled to Moscow to join his brother, unable to speak a word of Russian. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Although he had almost no musical education, Khachaturian showed such great talent that he was admitted to the Gnessin Institute where he studied cello under Mikhail Gnessin and entered a composition class (1925). The Gnessin State Musical College, or the Gnessin Russian Academy of Music (Российская академия музыки имени Гнесиных is a prominent The violoncello (abbreviated to cello, or 'cello, plural cellos or celli —the c is tʃ

In 1929, he transferred to the Moscow Conservatory where he studied under Nikolai Myaskovsky. The Moscow Conservatory (Московская Государственная Консерватория им Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky ( ru: Николай Яковлевич Мясковский also transliterated as Miaskovskii or Miaskovsky ( April 20, 1881 In the 1930s, he married the composer Nina Makarova, a fellow student from Myaskovsky’s class. Nina Vladimirovna Makarova (Нина Владимировна Макарова in Jurino &ndash 15 January 1976 in Moscow was the wife of Composer In 1951, he became professor at the Gnessin State Musical and Pedagogical Institute (Moscow) and the Moscow Conservatory. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January He also held important posts at the Composers’ Union, which would later severely denounce some of his works as being “formalist” music, along with those of Sergei Prokofiev and Dmitri Shostakovich. Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (Серге́й Серге́евич Проко́фьев Sergéj Sergéjevič Prokófjev) ( - 5 March 1953 was a Russian composer who Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich ( Russian: ru Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шостакович ( &ndash 9 August 1975 was a Russian Composer These three composers became the so called “titans” of Soviet music, enjoying world-wide reputation as some of the leading composers of the 20th century. Soviet music is the music composed and produced in the USSR. It varied in many genres and epochs

Music

Khachaturian’s works include concertos for violin (also transcribed for flute), cello, and piano (the latter originally including an early part for the flexatone), concerto-rhapsodies for the same instruments, three symphonies—the third containing parts for fifteen additional trumpets and organ, and the ballets Spartak (AKA Spartacus) and Gayane (the adagio was used in Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001: A Space Odyssey). Aram Khachaturian 's Violin Concerto in D minor was completed in 1940 and dedicated to the great Russian violinst David Oistrakh, who premièred Aram Khachaturian wrote his Piano Concerto in 1936 The piece is in three movements and is in D-flat major. The flexatone is a modern Percussion instrument (an indirectly struck Idiophone) consisting of a small flexible metal sheet suspended in a wire frame ending in a handle A symphony is a Musical composition, often extended and usually for Orchestra. The organ (from Greek όργανον – organon "organ instrument tool" is a Keyboard instrument of one or more divisions each Ballet as a Musical form is a musical composition intended for ballet performance. Spartacus, or Spartak, is a Ballet by Aram Khachaturian (1903-1978 Gayane (also Gayaneh and Gayne, after the Armenian saint) is a four-act Ballet with music by Aram Khachaturian. 2001 A Space Odyssey is a 1968 Science fiction film directed by Stanley Kubrick, written by Kubrick and Arthur C The latter ballet features in its final act what is probably his most famous movement, the “Sabre Dance. The "Sabre Dance" is a movement in the final act of the Armenian composer Aram Khachaturian 's Ballet Gayane ” He also wrote some piano music such as the song "Two Ladies Gossiping," a quick and lively song.

He also composed some film music and incidental music for plays such as the 1941 production of Mikhail Lermontov’s Masquerade. A film score is a broad term referring to the music in a film which is generally categorically separated from songs used within a film Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (Михаи́л Ю́рьевич Ле́рмонтов) ( –) a Russian Romantic Writer and Poet, sometimes The cinematic quality of his music for Spartacus was clearly seen when it was used as the theme for a popular BBC drama series, The Onedin Line, during the 1970s. The Onedin Line was a popular BBC television drama series that ran from 1971 to 1980. Since then, it has become one of the most popular of all classical pieces for UK audiences. Joel Coen’s The Hudsucker Proxy also prominently featured music from Spartacus and Gayane (Sabre Dance included) mixed with the original compositions by Carter Burwell. Joel Coen and Ethan Coen, known together professionally as the Coen brothers, are four-time Academy Award winning American filmmakers The Hudsucker Proxy is a 1994 Film directed by the Coen brothers, telling a fictitious story about the rise and fall of a naive executive and Carter Burwell (born November 18, 1955, in New York City) is a Composer of Film scores He graduated from King School He was also the composer for the state anthem of the Armenian SSR, whose tune is one of the five current choices to become the next state anthem of Armenia. A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history traditions and struggles of its people recognized either by a nation's The Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (Հայկական ՍովետականՍոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն Haykakan Sovetakan Sotsialistakan Hanrapetutyun The climax of Spartacus’ second movement was also used in Ice Age: The Meltdown. Ice Age The Meltdown, also known as Ice Age 2 The Meltdown or simply as Ice Age 2, is the 2006 film sequel to the

Khachaturian and Communism

Khachaturian was enthusiastic about communism. Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based In 1920, when Armenia was declared a Soviet republic, Khachaturian joined a propaganda train touring Armenia, populated by Georgian-Armenian artists. The Georgians (ქართველები kartvelebi) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus, the oldest group of the The composer joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1943. His communist ideals, along with his Armenian nationalism, are apparent in his works, especially Gayane (which takes place on a collective farm) and the Second Symphony. Armenian nationalism in the modern period has its roots in the Romantic nationalism of Mikayel Chamchian (1738–1823 and generally defined as the the creation of It was the Symphonic Poem, later titled the Third Symphony, that earned Khachaturian the wrath of the Party. Ironically, Khachaturian wrote the work as a tribute to communism: “I wanted to write the kind of composition in which the public would feel my unwritten program without an announcement. I wanted this work to express the Soviet people’s joy and pride in their great and mighty country. ” Perhaps because Khachaturian did not include a dedication or program notes, his intentions backfired. Andrei Zhdanov, secretary of the Communist Party’s Central Committee, delivered the so-called Zhdanov decree in 1948. Andrei Aleksandrovich Zhdanov (Андре́й Алекса́ндрович Жда́нов ( Mariupol', &ndash August 31, 1948 The Central Committee, abbreviated in Russian as ЦК, "Tse-ka" was the highest body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU The Zhdanov Doctrine (also called zhdanovism or zhdanovschina, Russian: доктрина Жданова ждановизм ждановщина was a The decree condemned Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Khachaturian, and other Soviet composers as “formalist” and “antipopular. ” All three accused composers were forced to apologize publicly. The decree affected Khachaturian profoundly: “Those were tragic days for me. . . I was clouted on the head so unjustly. My repenting speech at the First Congress was insincere. I was crushed, destroyed. I seriously considered changing professions. ”

He died in Moscow on May 1, 1978, just short of his 75th birthday. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) He was buried in Yerevan, Armenia, along with other distinguished Armenians who made Armenian art accessible for the whole world. Yerevan (Երևան Երեւան or Երեվան ˌjɛrəˈvɑːn sometimes written as Erevan, Iravan, Erewan, Ayrivan, and Erivan Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani In 1998, he was honored by appearing on Armenian paper money (50 dram). The dram (Դրամ ISO 4217 code AMD) is the Monetary unit of Armenia.

Notable students

Works

Ballets

Orchestral

Vocal Orchestral

Concertante

Chamber

Piano

Instrumental

Vocal

Incidental music

Film scores

Brass Band

Further reading

References

External links

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