Citizendia

This article is about the musician. For the English actor, see Anthony Jackson (actor). Anthony Jackson ( 18 February 1944 &ndash 27 November 2006) was an English Actor, who reached his widest audiences as

Anthony Jackson

Background information
Birth nameAnthony Barrett Jackson
BornJune 23, 1952 (1952-06-23) (age 55)
OriginNew York, New York U.S.
Genre(s)Jazz, R&B, Funk
Occupation(s)Contrabass Guitarist
Instrument(s)Contrabass Guitar
Years active1970–present

Anthony Jackson, (June 23, 1952) is a Grammy-nominated American electric bass guitar player based in New York City. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The City of New York The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the By those who know his playing, musicians and non-musicians alike, he is considered a master, who has furthered the technical and idiomatic boundaries of his instrument. He is seen by many to have added considerable legitimacy to the instrument in more jazz-related musical contexts, though he has had a career that has gone beyond that style.

Contents

Biography

Anthony Jackson has been a distinctive voice on the electric bass ever since he entered the scene in New York City. The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the The City of New York He began learning the piano as a teen before switching to the guitar, and finally picking up the bass after being influenced by legendary Motown bassist James Jamerson (see "Influences" below). The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles "Motown" redirects here For the city see Detroit Michigan. James Lee Jamerson ( January 29, 1936 - August 2, 1983) was an American bassist At age 18, Jackson became a working session musician, whose playing was eventually in high demand.

Style & Influences

Most musicians familiar with Jackson’s playing know that he has a very particular style. This style can partly be attributed to Jackson’s musical influences. Jackson cites his main influences as

Jamerson’s influence on Jackson is quite easily perceptible to anyone familiar with both players, particularly on Jamerson tracks like “How Long Has That Evening Train Been Gone?” by Diana Ross and the Supremes. Diana Ross (born March 261944 is an American twelve-time Grammy and Oscar -nominated singer Record producer and actress whose musical repertoire The Supremes were an American female singing group that first formed as a quartet called The Primettes The use of arpeggiation and passing notes for simultaneous chordal and rhythmic expression and brief unison passages with the melody or other instruments are telltale. In Music, an arpeggio is a broken chord where the Notes are played or sung in Sequence, one after the other rather than Ringing out simultaneously This article describes musical chords in traditional Western styles Rhythm (from Greek ῥυθμός - rhythmos, "any measured flow or movement symmetry" is the variation of the length and accentuation of In Music, a melody (from Greek μελῳδία - melōidía, "singing chanting" also tune, voice, or

Jackson is noted, amongst an array of unique stylistic facilities, for his ability to take inspiration from Jamerson – a motown player – and apply it in any stylistic context. Today the majority of Jackson’s non-commercial work is not any more instantly or obviously linkable to any of the motown recordings as it is to any other so called “genre,” except by the identifiable presence of Jamerson's influence.

Perhaps more of a surprise to some will be Jackson’s influence from Jack Casady. Jack Casady (born John William Casady April 13 1944 in Washington D

“Casady, whom I'd first heard on Jefferson Airplane's Surrealistic Pillow album in late 1966, had a big, rich, metallic sound with a full bottom and a curious, guitaristic way of playing that I was immediately drawn to. Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement Surrealistic Pillow is an album by American Psychedelic rock band Jefferson Airplane, released in February 1967 Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. When I saw him perform live, I was struck by his dignity and serious mien. ”

says Jackson in a 1990 interview in Bass Player magazine. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) (Note that this quote hints Jackson's fascination with the playing of the bass in relation to the guitar - see below. ) Casady played with a pick, which Jackson has also always had at least an ability for.

“It was Casady's sound that kept me exploring the expressive possibilities of using the pick. To this day, when I use one and a flanger, Casady's influence emerges and can be clearly detected by an aficionado. Flanging is a time-based Audio effect that occurs when two identical signals are mixed together but with one signal time-delayed by a small and gradually changing amount ”

Jackson’s other major influence is probably the one who is least expected to be a major influence of an electric bassist. Composer Olivier Messiaen’s music changed Jackson’s life “irrevocably and forever” in his own words. Olivier Messiaen ( December 10 1908 &ndash April 27 1992 was a French Composer, organist and ornithologist. It was Messiaen’s organ suite “La Nativité du Seigneur” that so impressed Jackson, who remarked that

“I hear the tritone as the central interval on which to build harmonies and melodies, as opposed to the major or minor third…The tritone interval has been extremely important to me from the first day I heard Messiaen playing his own music on organ. ”

In listening to Jackson play, especially in freer contexts, one really can hear the tritone very frequently as he moves around the enormous 36” 28-fret six string fretboard of his Fodera contrabass guitar. Fodera is an American manufacturer of Electric bass guitars Fodera Basses are made in the Fodera Shop in Brooklyn, New York. A contrabass guitar is a low-register plucked string instrument in the Guitar family which has six strings

Jackson and the Six String Bass

Jackson initially invented what has now caught on as the “six-string bass,” - a bass guitar tuned B-E-A-D-G-C. His idea, which he called the contrabass guitar, precedes any modern standard six string bass by at least twenty years. A contrabass guitar is a low-register plucked string instrument in the Guitar family which has six strings

Jackson said that the idea for adding more strings to what was previously the “Fender bass” came from a limited range and frustration with the decreased sonority and loss of upper range of de-tuned strings. When asked what he makes of criticism of the six-string, Jackson replies:

“Why is four [strings] the standard and not six? As the lowest-pitched member of the guitar family, the instrument should have had six strings from the beginning. The only reason it had four was because Leo Fender was thinking in application terms of an upright bass, but he built it along guitar lines because that was his training. Clarence Leonidas Fender ( August 10, 1909 - March 21, 1991) also known as Leo Fender, was an American inventor who The logical conception for the bass guitar encompasses six strings. ”

Though Jackson came up with the idea some years previously, and first approached various luthiers about the construction of his idea in about 1974, he began playing the six string bass exclusively in 1981. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Carl Thompson built the first 6-string for Jackson in 1975. But he later switched to basses built by Vinnie Fodera and Joey Lauricella. Fodera is an American manufacturer of Electric bass guitars Fodera Basses are made in the Fodera Shop in Brooklyn, New York.

Jackson actually began music playing guitar, and in fact studied with renowned jazz guitarist Pat Martino, but, as he puts it,

“I continued playing standard as well as bass guitar until 1968, when I was forced to admit that my standard guitar playing should be quietly put to death. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles Pat Martino (born Pat Azzara on August 25 1944) is an Italian-American Jazz Guitarist and Composer within the ”

This initial exposure to the guitar and later transfer to the bass were a significant part of what determined Jackson’s attitude to the bass: that it is also a guitar, and simply the lowest member of the guitar family of instruments, and not simply a louder, easier, solid-body version of the upright bass, built by a guitar builder for upright players.

Judging by numerous album sleeve notes, in which Jackson is credited as playing the “contrabass guitar,” as opposed to simply “bass,” or “electric bass. A contrabass guitar is a low-register plucked string instrument in the Guitar family which has six strings ”, Jackson seems to believe in the continuing importance of the link between the electric bass and the guitar, though he would be unlikely to deny that the actual role of his instrument is quite different from that of a traditional guitar. The way in which he has talked about the instrument, especially in the context of his innovation of it, suggests comparison with the relationship between other instruments that share a family, such as viola and cello, though these instruments are also sonically much more similar, much more like the upper notes of a piano versus the lower. The electric bass was, as Jackson sees it, made in terms of the upright bass for marketing reasons, though it is really a guitar.

Discography

Anthony Jackson has worked with many musicians, including:

For The Love of Money

After joining Billy Paul's band, Jackson started working with Gamble & Huff's Philadelphia International Records. Roberta Flack (born February 10, 1937) is an American Singer-songwriter and Musician who is notable in the areas of Jazz Stephen Kendall Gadd (born April 9, 1945 in Rochester New York) is an American session and studio drummer notable for Chaka Khan (born March 23, 1953) is a multiple Grammy Award -winning American singer known for hit songs such as "I'm Every Woman" "I Feel Steve Khan (born April 28, 1947) is an American Jazz Guitarist. Wayne Krantz (born July 26 1956 in Corvallis, Oregon) is an innovative American Jazz fusion Guitarist who has played with Biréli Lagrène is a French Guitarist and Bassist. A "guitar phenomenon" according to John McLaughlin, he came to prominence in the Patrick Bruce Metheny (born August 12, 1954 in Lee's Summit Missouri) is an American Jazz Guitarist and Composer Michel Petrucciani ( December 28, 1962, Orange France &ndash January 6, 1999, New York City, USA was a French Simon Phillips (born 6 February 1957 in London) is a prolific English Jazz and rock Drummer. Bernard "Buddy" Rich ( September 30 1917 &ndash April 2 1987) was an American jazz drummer and Bandleader Lee Mack "Captain Fingers" Ritenour (born January 11 1952) is an internationally acclaimed guitarist recording artist composer and producer Alejandro Sanz, born Alejandro Sánchez Pizarro on December 18 1968 in Madrid, is an Award winning Spanish pop / Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13 1941 is an American Songwriter, Musician, and member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Mike Stern (born January 10 1953) is an American Jazz Guitarist A major player on the scene since his breakthrough days with Miles Davis Hiromi Uehara (上原ひろみ born 26 March, 1979) is a Jazz Composer and Pianist born in Hamamatsu, Japan Michał Urbaniak (born June 22, 1943) is a Polish jazz musician and composer born in Warsaw, playing mainly the Violin, Dave Weckl (born January 8, 1960) is a highly acclaimed Jazz Fusion Drummer. Philadelphia International Records is a Record label founded by Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff in 1971. One day during the fall of 1973, keyboardist Leon Huff was leading the members of the MFSB rhythm section and Jackson through a rehearsal of 'For The Love Of Money', Sigma Sound Studios owner/engineer Joe Tarsia noticed that Jackson had a wah wah pedal attached to his Fender Precision bass. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. " For the Love of Money " is a soul / Funk song written by Kenneth Gamble, Leon Huff, and Anthony Jackson; and recorded Sigma Sound Studios was an American music Recording studio located at 212 N Tarsia decided to run Jackson's bassline through a phaser,giving it a swishing sound and later mixed in echo. During the final mixing of the track, Kenny Gamble impulsively reached over to the echo button and added echo to Jackson's opening riffs. 'For The Love Of Money' went to number three R&B and number nine pop in the spring of 1974. Radio stations gladly played the over seven minutes long album version. The song has since been used in the opening sequence of Donald Trump's 2004 hit TV show "the Apprentice"

Sources

  1. The Anthony Jackson Interview, Bass Player Magazine, Spring 1990, Chris Jisi
  2. The Anthony Jackson Interview, Bass Player Magazine, Summer 1990, Chris Jisi
  3. Spontaneous Combustion: Anthony Jackson & Michel Camilo, Bass Player Magazine, May 2002, Chris Jisi
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American Business magnate, Socialite, Television personality, and "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Michel Camilo (born April 4, 1954) is a Pianist and Composer from Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
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