Citizendia

"Pushkin" redirects here. For other uses, see Pushkin (disambiguation).
Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin

Aleksandr Pushkin by Vasily Tropinin
BornJune 6, 1799(1799-06-06)
Moscow, Russian Empire
DiedFebruary 10, 1837 (aged 37)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
OccupationPoet, novelist, playwright
Influences
Influenced

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин, pronounced [ɐlʲɪˈksandr sʲɪˈrgʲevʲɪtɕ ˈpuʂkʲɪn], listen (help·info)) (June 6 [O.S. May 26] 1799–February 10 [O.S. January 29] 1837) was a Russian Romantic author who is considered to be the greatest Russian poet[1][2][3][4] and the founder of modern Russian literature. Vasily Andreevich Tropinin (Василий Андреевич Тропинин ( &ndash) was a Russian Romantic painter Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River The Russian Empire ( Pre-reform Russian: Pоссійская Имперія Modern Russian: Российская Империя translit: Rossiyskaya Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is a person who writes dramatic literature or Drama. Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin ( Никола́й Миха́йлович Карамзи́н) (December 1 1766 – June 3 1826 a Russian author credited Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, This page is about the novelist For his father the politician see Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov. Henry James, OM ( –) son of theologian Henry James Sr, brother of the philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Old Style (or OS) and New Style (or NS) are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Old Style (or OS) and New Style (or NS) are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" This article is about literature from Russia For the song by Maxïmo Park, see Our Earthly Pleasures. [5][6] Pushkin pioneered the use of vernacular speech in his poems and plays, creating a style of storytelling—mixing drama, romance, and satire—associated with Russian literature ever since and greatly influencing later Russian writers. Vernacular refers to the Native language of a country or a locality A play, or stageplay, is a form of Literature written by a Playwright, almost always consisting of Dialogue between Fictional characters Drama is the specific mode of Fiction represented in Performance. As a Literary genre of High culture, romance or chivalric romance refers to a style of heroic Prose and verse Narrative Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human

Born in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fifteen, and was widely recognized by the literary establishment by the time of his graduation from the Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of The Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo near Saint Petersburg was founded by the Emperor Alexander I with the object of educating youths of Tsarskoye Selo (Ца́рское Село́ " Tsar 's Village" is a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting Pushkin gradually became committed to social reform and emerged as a spokesman for literary radicals; in the early 1820s he clashed with the government, which sent him into exile in southern Russia. While under the strict surveillance of government censors and unable to travel or publish at will, he wrote his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov, but could not publish it until years later. Boris Godunov ( Борис Годунов, Borís Godunóv Title ''Драматическая повесть Комедия o настоящей беде Московскому His novel in verse, Eugene Onegin, was published serially from 1825 to 1832. Verse novels are a contemporary genre combining the power of Narrative with the rich evocative language of verse or Poetry. Eugene Onegin ( Russian: Евгений Онегин BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a Novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin

Pushkin and his wife Natalya Goncharova, whom he married in 1831, later became regulars of court society. Natalia Nikolaevna Pushkina-Lanskaya (Наталия Николаевна Пушкина-Ланская 1812-1863 née Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova (Гончарова In 1837, while falling into greater and greater debt amidst rumors that his wife had started conducting a scandalous affair, Pushkin challenged her alleged lover, Georges d'Anthès, to a duel. Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès, baron ( February 5 1812 &ndash November 2 1895) As practiced from the 11th to 20th centuries in Western societies a duel is an engagement in combat between two individuals with matched weapons in accordance with their combat Pushkin was mortally wounded and died two days later.

Because of his liberal political views and influence on generations of Russian rebels, Pushkin was portrayed by Bolsheviks as an opponent to bourgeois literature and culture and a predecessor of Soviet literature and poetry[6]. The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists ( Большевик Большевист (singular, derived from bolshe, "more" were a faction The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Tsarskoe Selo was renamed after him. Pushkin (Пу́шкин is a town under jurisdiction of St Petersburg, Russia, that is located 24  Verst south from the center

Contents

Life

The 16-year old Pushkin recites a poem before Gavrila Derzhavin. Painting by Ilya Repin (1911).
The 16-year old Pushkin recites a poem before Gavrila Derzhavin. Gavriil (Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin (Гаврии́л (Гаври́ла Рома́нович Держа́вин July 14 1743 &ndash July 20 1816 was the greatest Russian poet Painting by Ilya Repin (1911). Ilya Yefimovich Repin (Илья́ Ефи́мович Ре́пин Ілля Юхимович Рєпін ( Chuhuiv, Russian Empire (now in Ukraine

Pushkin's father Sergei Lvovich Pushkin descended from a distinguished family of the Russian nobility which traced its ancestry back to the 12th century. Pushkin's mother Nadezhda Ossipovna Gannibal descended through her paternal grandmother from German and Scandinavian nobility. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as [7][8] Her paternal grandfather, i. e. Pushkin's great-grandfather, a page raised by Peter the Great, was Abram Petrovich Gannibal, who was born in Africa. Major-General Abram Petrovich Gannibal, also Hannibal or Ganibal or Ibrahim Hannibal or Abram Petrov, (1696 &ndash 14 May One theory is that he came from an area in northern Ethiopia, (then was known as Abyssinia) and today part of the nation of Eritrea, on the banks of the Mareb River in a town called Logon. NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Eritrea () ( Ge'ez: ኤርትራ ʾErtrā, Arabic: إرتريا Iritriya) officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in More recent research, however, indicates that he came from the Sultanate of Logone-Birni south of Lake Chad in Cameroon. Lake Chad (in French Lac Tchad) is a historically large shallow lake in Africa, whose size has varied greatly over the centuries The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. After education in France as a military engineer, Gannibal became governor of Reval and eventually General-en-Chef for the building of sea forts and canals in Russia. A military engineer is primarily responsible for the design and construction of offensive defensive and logistical structures for Warfare Other duties include the Canals are artificial channels for water There are two types of canals water conveyance canals which are used for the conveyance and delivery of water and Waterways

Born in Moscow, Pushkin published his first poem at the age of fourteen. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of By the time he finished as part of the first graduating class of the prestigious Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo near Saint Petersburg, the Russian literary scene recognized his talent widely. The Imperial Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo near Saint Petersburg was founded by the Emperor Alexander I with the object of educating youths of Tsarskoye Selo (Ца́рское Село́ " Tsar 's Village" is a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River After finishing school, Pushkin installed himself in the vibrant and raucous intellectual youth culture of the capital, Saint Petersburg. Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River In 1820 he published his first long poem, Ruslan and Lyudmila, amidst much controversy about its subject and style. Ruslan and Ludmila (Руслан и Людмила Ruslan i Lyudmila) is a poem by Alexander Pushkin, published in 1820.

Alexander Pushkin by Orest Kiprensky
Alexander Pushkin by Orest Kiprensky

Pushkin gradually became committed to social reform and emerged as a spokesman for literary radicals. Orest Adamovich Kiprensky (Орест Адамович Кипренский - was a leading Russian Portraitist in the Age of Romanticism. This angered the government, and led to his transfer from the capital (1820). He went to the Caucasus and to the Crimea, then to Kamenka and Kishinev, where he became a Freemason. The Caucasus ( also referred to as North Caucasus) is a geopolitical region located between Europe Asia & Middle East Crimea (kraɪˈmiːə or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Крим Автономна Республіка Крим Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Крым Kamianka (Кам'янка Камeнка is a city in Cherkasy Oblast ( province) of Ukraine. Chişinău (kiʃi'nəw (also known as Kishinev, Кишинёв Kishinyov) is the capital and largest city of Moldova. Here he joined the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization whose purpose was to overthrow the Ottoman rule over Greece and establish an independent Greek state. The Filiki Eteria (spelled also Philikí Etaireía, Greek alphabet: Φιλική Εταιρεία or Εταιρεία των Φιλικών) Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία He was inspired by the Greek Revolution and when the war against the Ottoman Turks broke out he kept a diary with the events of the great national uprising. The Greek War of Independence (1821–1829 also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi; Ottoman The Ottoman Turks were the subdivision of the Ottoman Muslim Millet that dominated the ruling class of the Ottoman Empire. He stayed in Kishinev until 1823 and wrote there two Romantic poems which brought him wide acclaim, The Captive of the Caucasus and The Fountain of Bakhchisaray. Chişinău (kiʃi'nəw (also known as Kishinev, Кишинёв Kishinyov) is the capital and largest city of Moldova. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the In 1823 Pushkin moved to Odessa, where he again clashed with the government, which sent him into exile at his mother's rural estate in north Russia from 1824 to 1826. ODESSA which stands for the German phrase O rganisation d er e hemaligen SS - A ngehörigen which in turn translates However, some of the authorities allowed him to visit Tsar Nicholas I to petition for his release, which he obtained. But some of the insurgents in the Decembrist Uprising (1825) in Saint Petersburg had kept some of his early political poems amongst their papers, and soon Pushkin found himself under the strict control of government censors and unable to travel or publish at will. He had written what became his most famous play, the drama Boris Godunov, while at his mother's estate but could not gain permission to publish it until five years later. Boris Godunov ( Борис Годунов, Borís Godunóv Title ''Драматическая повесть Комедия o настоящей беде Московскому The drama's original, uncensored version would not receive a premiere until 2007.

In 1831, highlighting the growth of Pushkin's talent and influence and the merging of two of Russia's greatest early writers, he met Nikolai Gogol. Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Никола́й Васи́льевич Го́голь Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol;; Микола Васильович Гоголь After reading Gogol's 1831-2 volume of short stories Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka, Pushkin would support him critically and later in 1836 after starting his magazine, The Contemporary, would feature some of Gogol's most famous short stories. Later, Pushkin and his wife Natalya Goncharova, whom he married in 1831, became regulars of court society. Natalia Nikolaevna Pushkina-Lanskaya (Наталия Николаевна Пушкина-Ланская 1812-1863 née Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova (Гончарова When the Tsar gave Pushkin the lowest court title, the poet became enraged: He felt this occurred not only so that his wife, who had many admirers—including the Tsar himself—could properly attend court balls, but also to humiliate him. Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. In 1837, falling into greater and greater debt amidst rumors that his wife had started conducting a scandalous affair, Pushkin challenged her alleged lover (correction: man who insulted his wife), Georges d'Anthès, to a duel which left both men injured, Pushkin mortally. Georges-Charles de Heeckeren d'Anthès, baron ( February 5 1812 &ndash November 2 1895) As practiced from the 11th to 20th centuries in Western societies a duel is an engagement in combat between two individuals with matched weapons in accordance with their combat He died two days later.

The government feared a political demonstration at his funeral, which it moved to a smaller location and made open only to close relatives and friends. His body was spirited away secretly at midnight and buried on his mother's estate.

Pushkin had four children from his marriage to Natalya: Alexander, Grigory, Maria, and Natalia (the last of whom married, morganatically, into the royal house of Nassau and become the Countess of Merenberg). A morganatic marriage is a type of Marriage which can be contracted in certain countries usually between people of unequal Social rank, which prevents the passage The House of Orange-Nassau (in Dutch: Huis van Oranje-Nassau) a branch of the German House of Nassau, has played a central role in the political life Count of Merenberg (German Graf von Merenberg) is the title bestowed upon the wife and the male-line descendants of the Morganatic marriage (1868 of Prince Nikolaus

Literary legacy

Memorial to Pushkin in Shanghai, China
Memorial to Pushkin in Shanghai, China

Critics consider many of his works masterpieces, such as the poem The Bronze Horseman and the drama The Stone Guest, a tale of the fall of Don Juan. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Bronze Horseman (Медный всадник literally "The Copper Horseman" is a Poem written by Aleksandr Pushkin in 1833 about The Stone Guest (Каменный гость Kamenny gost is a poetic Drama by Alexander Pushkin based on the Spanish legend of Don Juan Don Juan (Spanish or Don Giovanni (Italian is a legendary fictional Libertine whose story has been told many times by many authors His poetic short drama "Mozart and Salieri" was the inspiration for Peter Shaffer's Amadeus. Sir Peter Levin Shaffer (born May 15, 1926) is an English Dramatist, author of numerous award-winning plays several of which have been filmed Amadeus is a Stage play written in 1979 by Peter Shaffer, loosely based on the lives of the Composers Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Pushkin himself preferred his verse novel Eugene Onegin, which he wrote over the course of his life and which, starting a tradition of great Russian novels, follows a few central characters but varies widely in tone and focus. Eugene Onegin ( Russian: Евгений Онегин BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a Novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin "Onegin" is a work of such complexity that, while only about a hundred pages long, translator Vladimir Nabokov needed two full volumes of material to fully render its meaning in English. This page is about the novelist For his father the politician see Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov. Because of this difficulty in translation, Pushkin's verse remains largely unknown to English readers. Even so, Pushkin has profoundly influenced western writers like Henry James. Henry James, OM ( –) son of theologian Henry James Sr, brother of the philosopher and psychologist William James and diarist Alice James [9]

Pushkin's works also provided fertile ground for Russian composers. Glinka's Ruslan and Lyudmila is the earliest important Pushkin-inspired opera, and a landmark in the tradition of Russian music. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (Михаи́л Ива́нович Гли́нка ( –) was the first Russian composer to gain wide recognition inside his own country Ruslan and Lyudmila: Ruslan and Ludmila (poem — a poem by Aleksandr Pushkin published in 1820 Ruslan and Lyudmila (opera — an Tchaikovsky's operas Eugene Onegin (1879) and The Queen of Spades (1890) became perhaps better known outside of Russia than Pushkin's own works of the same name, while Mussorgsky's monumental Boris Godunov (two versions, 1868-9 and 1871-2) ranks as one of the very finest and most original of Russian operas. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Eugene Onegin ( Евгений Онегин, Yevgény Onégin is an Opera ("lyrical scenes" Opus 24 in 3 acts 7 scenes Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (Моде́ст Петро́вич Му́соргский Modest Petrovič Musorgskij) ( March 21 March 9 1839 &ndash March Boris Godunov ( Борис Годунов, original Orthography Борисъ Годуновъ, Borís Godunóv) is an Opera by Other Russian operas based on Pushkin include Dargomyzhsky's Rusalka and The Stone Guest; Rimsky-Korsakov's Mozart and Salieri, Tale of Tsar Saltan, and The Golden Cockerel; Cui's Prisoner of the Caucasus, Feast in Time of Plague, and The Captain's Daughter; Tchaikovsky's Mazeppa; and Nápravník's Dubrovsky. Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomyzhsky ( Александр Сергеевич Даргомыжский) ( February 14 1813 &ndash January 17 1869 Rusalka ( Русалка in Cyrillic; stress on the second syllable is an opera in four acts six tableaux by Alexander Dargomyzhsky, composed The Stone Guest ( Каменный гость in Cyrillic, Kamennyj gost' in Transliteration) is an Opera in three acts Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov ( Николай Андреевич Римский-Корсаков, Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov) also Nikolay Mozart and Salieri ( Моцарт и Сальери, Motsart i Sal’yeri) is a one-act Opera in two scenes by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov The Tale of Tsar Saltan ( Сказка о царе Салтане, Skazka o Tsare Saltane) is an Opera in four acts with a prologue seven scenes The Golden Cockerel ( Золотой Петушок, Zolotoy Petushok) is an Opera in three acts (with short prologue and even shorter epilogue César Antonovich Cui ( Цезарь Антонович Кюи, Tsezar' Antonovič Kjui) ( - March 13, 1918) was a Russian of French Prisoner of the Caucasus ( Кавказский пленник in Cyrillic, Kavkazskij plennik in transliteration is an Opera in three Feast in Time of Plague ( Пир во время чумы in Cyrillic, Pir vo vremja čumy in transliteration is an Opera (literally The Captain's Daughter ( Капитанская дочка in Cyrillic; Kapitanskaja dočka in transliteration is an opera in four acts (eight Mazeppa, properly Mazepa (Мазепа is an Opera in 3 acts 6 scenes by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Eduard Frantsovitch Nápravník ( Russian: Эдуард Францович Направник August 24 1839, Býšť, Bohemia - Dubrovsky (Дубровский is an opera in four acts (5 scenes Op This is not to mention ballets and cantatas, as well as innumerable songs set to Pushkin's verse. Ballet is a formalized form of Dance with its origins in the French court further developed in France and Russia as a Concert dance A cantata (derived from the Italian word 'cantare' meaning 'to sing' is a vocal composition with an instrumental Accompaniment and often An art song is a Vocal music composition, usually written for one Singer with Piano or Orchestral accompaniment

Some attention has also been given to Pushkin's apparent anti-Semitism in his writings, as well as those of his contemporaries, Fyodor Dostoevsky and Nikolai Gogol. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky, Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Никола́й Васи́льевич Го́голь Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol;; Микола Васильович Гоголь [10][11][12][13][14][15]

Influence on the Russian language

Alexander Pushkin is usually credited with developing literary Russian. Not only is he seen as having originated the highly nuanced level of language which characterizes Russian literature after him, but he is also credited with substantially augmenting the Russian lexicon. Where he found gaps in the Russian vocabulary, he devised calques. In Linguistics, a calque (kælk or loan translation is a Word or Phrase borrowed from another Language by Literal, word-for-word His rich vocabulary and highly sensitive style are the foundation for modern literary Russian. Alexander Pushkin played an absolutely unique role in the Russian literature. Russian literature virtually begins with Alexander Pushkin. His talent set up new records for development of the Russian language and culture. He became the father of Russian literature in 19th century, marking the highest achievements of 18th century and the beginning of literary process of 19th century. Alexander Pushkin introduced Russia to all the European literary genres as well as a great number of West European writers. He brought natural speech and foreign influences to create modern poetic Russian. Though his life was brief, he left examples of nearly every literary genre of his day: lyric poetry, narrative poetry, the novel, the short story, the drama, the critical essay, and even the personal letter. From him derive the folk tales and genre pieces of other authors: Esenin, Leskov and Gorky. His use of Russian language formed the basis of the style of novelists Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Goncharov, and Leo Tolstoy. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev ( ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈgʲeɪvʲɪtɕ turˈgʲenʲɪf ( &ndash) was a Russian novelist and playwright Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov (Ива́н Алекса́ндрович Гончаро́в (– was a Russian novelist best known as the author of Oblomov Leo Tolstoy, or Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy ( –) (Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, was a Russian Writer widely regarded Pushkin was recognized by Nikolay Vasilyevich Gogol, his successor and pupil, the great Russian critic Vissarion Grigoryevich Belinsky, who produced the fullest and deepest critical study of Pushkin's work, which still retains much of its relevance. Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Никола́й Васи́льевич Го́голь Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol;; Микола Васильович Гоголь Alexander Pushkin became an inseparable part of the literary world of the Russian people. He also exerted a profound influence on other aspects of Russian culture, most notably in opera. Translated into all the major languages, his works are regarded both as expressing most completely Russian national consciousness and as transcending national barriers. Pushkin’s intelligence, sharpness of his opinion, his devotion to poetry, realistic thinking and incredible historical and political intuition make him one of the greatest Russian national geniuses.

Works

The famous Pushkin Monument in Moscow, opened in 1880 by Turgenev and Dostoyevsky.
The famous Pushkin Monument in Moscow, opened in 1880 by Turgenev and Dostoyevsky. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev ( ɪˈvan sʲɪrˈgʲeɪvʲɪtɕ turˈgʲenʲɪf ( &ndash) was a Russian novelist and playwright Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky, Dostoievsky,
Six winged Seraph (after Pushkin's poem Prophet), 1905. By Mikhail Vrubel.
Six winged Seraph (after Pushkin's poem Prophet), 1905. A seraph ( Heb. שׂרף, pl שׂרפים Seraphim, lat. seraph'' pl In Religion, a prophet (or prophetess) is a person who has encountered the Supernatural or the divine and serves as an intermediary Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting By Mikhail Vrubel. Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel ( Russian: Михаил Александрович Врубель; March 17, 1856 - April 14,

Poems

Verse novel

Drama

Prose

Tales in verse

Honors

A minor planet, 2208 Pushkin, discovered in 1977 by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh is named after him. Ruslan and Ludmila (Руслан и Людмила Ruslan i Lyudmila) is a poem by Alexander Pushkin, published in 1820. Gavriiliada ( Гавриилиада, literally the Gabriliad, in Russian is a sexually explicit blasphemous work widely believed to have been written by Alexander The Bronze Horseman (Медный всадник literally "The Copper Horseman" is a Poem written by Aleksandr Pushkin in 1833 about Eugene Onegin ( Russian: Евгений Онегин BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a Novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin Boris Godunov ( Борис Годунов, Borís Godunóv Title ''Драматическая повесть Комедия o настоящей беде Московскому The Stone Guest (Каменный гость Kamenny gost is a poetic Drama by Alexander Pushkin based on the Spanish legend of Don Juan The Tales of the Late Ivan Petrovich Belkin is a series of 5 short stories and a fictional editorial introduction by Russian Author Aleksandr Pushkin " The Blizzard " (also known as Metyel', Метель is the second of five short stories that constitute The Tales of the Late Ivan Petrovich Belkin The Queen of Spades (Пиковая дама Pikovaya dama is an acclaimed Short story by Alexander Pushkin about human avariciousness Pugachev's Rebellion (or the Cossack Rebellion) was the largest peasant Revolt in Russia 's history The Captain's Daughter (Капитанская дочка Kapitanskaya Dochka) is a Historical novel by the Russian Writer Alexander Dubrovsky (Дубровский is an unfinished Novel by Alexander Pushkin, written in 1832 and published after Pushkin’s death in The Tale of the Priest and of his Workman Balda (Сказка о попе и о работнике его Балде Skazka o pope i o rabotnike ego Balde is a Fairy tale The Tale of Tsar Saltan of his Son the Renowned and Mighty Bogatyr Prince Gvidon Saltanovich and of the Beautiful Princess-Swan ( Сказка о Царе Салтане о сыне The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights (Сказка о мертвой царевне и семи богатырях is a 1833 fairy-tale Poem The Golden Cockerel ( Золотой Петушок, Zolotoy Petushok) is an Opera in three acts (with short prologue and even shorter epilogue The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish (Сказка о рыбаке и рыбке Skazka o rybake i rybke is a Fairy tale in verse by Alexander Pushkin Minor planet is a term used since the 19th century to describe objects such as Asteroids that are in Orbit around the Sun but are not Planets 2208 Pushkin (1977 QL3 is a Outer Main-belt Asteroid discovered on August 22, 1977 by N The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Nikolay Stepanovich Chernykh (Николай Степанович Черных ( October 6 1931 – May 26, 2004) was a Soviet and [16] A crater, Pushkin, on Mercury is also named in his honor. This is a list of named craters on Mercury. All Mercurian Craters are named after famous Writers and Artists Craters larger than 250km in diameter

There is a bust [2]of Pushkin by the pond Valkeinen, in Kuopio, Finland.

Hoaxes and other attributed works

In the late 1980s, a book entitled Secret Journal 1836–1837 was published by a Minneapolis publishing house (M. I. P. Company), claiming to be the decoded content of an encrypted private journal kept by Pushkin. Promoted with little details about its contents, and touted for many years as being 'banned in Russia', it was an erotic novel narrated from Pushkin's perspective. Some mail-order publishers still carry the work under its fictional description. In 2006 a bilingual Russian-English edition was published in Russia by Retro Publishing House. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

See also

Pushkin's self-portrait on a one ruble coin, 1999
Pushkin's self-portrait on a one ruble coin, 1999

Notes

  1. ^ Short biography from University of Virginia, retrieved on 24 November 2006. The Pushkin Prize (Russian Пушкинская премия) was established in 1881 by the Russian Academy of Sciences to honor one of the greatest Literaturnaya Gazeta (Literary Newspaper Литературная газета is a weekly cultural and political newspaper published in Russia and Soviet Vasiliy Lvovich Pushkin ( April 27, 1766 - August 20, 1830) was a minor Russian Poet best known as an uncle of the Anna Petrovna Kern, nee Poltoratskaya ( 11 February, 1800 — 27 May, 1879) was a Russian socialite and memoirist best known as the Baron Anton Antonovich Delvig (Анто́н Анто́нович Де́львиг ( Moscow -, St Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (also Dahl, Владимир Иванович Даль ( November 10, 1801 &ndash September 22 1872 Count Fyodor Petrovich Tolstoy (Фёдор Петрович Толстой 10 February 1783 &ndash 17 April 1873) was a Russian artist
  2. ^ Allan Reid, "Russia's Greatest Poet/Scoundrel", retrieved on 2 September 2006.
  3. ^ BBC News, 5 June 1999, "Pushkin fever sweeps Russia", retrieved 1 September 2006.
  4. ^ BBC News, 10 June 2003, "Biographer wins rich book price", retrieved 1 September 2006.
  5. ^ Biography of Pushkin at the Russian Literary Institute "Pushkin House", retrieved 1 September 2006.
  6. ^ a b Maxim Gorky, "Pushkin, An Appraisal", retrieved 1 September 2006
  7. ^ Лихауг [Lihaug], Э. Г. [E. G. ] (November 2006). "Предки А. С. Пушкина в Германии и Скандинавии: происхождение Христины Регины Шёберг (Ганнибал) от Клауса фон Грабо из Грабо [Ancestors of A. S. Pushkin in Germany and Scandinavia: Descent of Christina Regina Siöberg (Hannibal) from Claus von Grabow zu Grabow]". Генеалогический вестник [Genealogical Herald]. –Санкт-Петербург [Saint Petersburg] 27: 31–38.  
  8. ^ Lihaug, Elin Galtung (2007). "Aus Brandenburg nach Skandinavien, dem Baltikum und Rußland. Eine Abstammungslinie von Claus von Grabow bis Alexander Sergejewitsch Puschkin 1581–1837". Archiv für Familiengeschichtsforschung 11: 32–46.  
  9. ^ Joseph S. O'Leary, Pushkin in 'The Aspern Papers' , the Henry James E-Journal Number 2, March 2000, retrieved on 24 November 2006.
  10. ^ Russian Urges Quotas on Jews; Communists Begin to Split Over Comrade's Antisemitism. David Hoffman. The Washington Post, A Section; Pg. The Washington Post is the largest and most circulated Newspaper in Washington D A28. November 12, 1998.
  11. ^ Taking Penguins to the Movies: Ethnic Humor in Russia By Emil Draitser. P. 112. Google Book Citation
  12. ^ Negative Images of Jews in Recent Russian Literature. Pereira, N G O. [1]
  13. ^ The Development of Russian Verse: Meter and Its Meanings By Michael Wachtel. p. 26. Google Book Citation
  14. ^ Puskin's "Black Shawl" poem. Fullbooks.com
  15. ^ One Less Hope: Essays on Twentieth-century Russian Poets By Constantin V. Ponomareff. "The Avarious Knight" poem. p. 161. Google Book Citation
  16. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2003). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, 5th, New York: Springer Verlag, p. 179. ISBN 3540002383.  

References

  1. ^ Troyat, Henri (1957). "Pushkin's Ethiopian Ancestry". Ethiopia Observer 6.
  2. ^ Black Russian - A Review by Andrew Kahn of Hugh Barnes' Gannibal: The Moor of Petersburg.
  3. ^ Barnes, Hugh. Gannibal: The Moor of Petersburg, London 2005, p. 4.
  4. ^ Gnammankou, Dieudonné. Abraham Hanibal - l’aïeul noir de Pouchkine, Paris 1996, p. 129.
  5. ^ Barnes, Hugh. Gannibal: The Moor of Petersburg, London 2005, p. 219.

Further reading

External links


Persondata
NAMEPushkin, Aleksandr Sergeyevich
ALTERNATIVE NAMESАлекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин (Russian)
SHORT DESCRIPTIONRussian Poet, novelist, playwright
DATE OF BIRTHJune 6, 1799
PLACE OF BIRTHMoscow, Russia
DATE OF DEATHFebruary 10, 1837
PLACE OF DEATHSaint Petersburg, Russia
A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is a person who writes dramatic literature or Drama. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending
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