Citizendia

This article is about the TV network and channel. For other uses, see Jazira.
Al Jazeera
Image:Aljazeera.svg
TypeSatellite television network
CountryQatar
AvailabilityWorldwide
OwnerSheikh Hamad bin Thamer al-Thani
Key peopleSheikh Hamad bin Thamer al-Thani, Chairman
Wadah Khanfar, Director-General
Ahmed Sheikh, Editor-in-chief
Launch date1996
Website
www.aljazeera.net (Arabic)
english.aljazeera.net (English)

Al Jazeera (Arabic: الجزيرة‎, al-jazīrah, [al. Satellite television is Television delivered by the means of Communications satellites as compared to conventional Terrestrial television and Cable A television network is a distribution network for Television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many Television stations Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated Wadah Khanfar is the Director General of the Al Jazeera Network Ahmed Sheikh (born 1967) is a Palestinian journalist and the current Editor-in-chief of the Qatar -based Television channel Al Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language dʒaˈziː. ra], meaning in this context "The Peninsula", referring to the Arabian Peninsula - "jazīratu l-`arab" in Arabic) is a television network headquartered in Doha, Qatar. The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) Television ( TV) is a widely used Telecommunication medium for sending ( Broadcasting) and receiving moving Images, either monochromatic Doha (الدوحة or Ad-Dōḥah) is the Capital city of Qatar. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated Initially launched as an Arabic news and current affairs satellite TV channel with the same name, Al Jazeera has since expanded into a network with several outlets, including the Internet and specialty TV channels in multiple languages, and in several regions of the world. News broadcasting (also known as newscast or newsbreak) is the Broadcasting of various news events and other Information via Satellite television is Television delivered by the means of Communications satellites as compared to conventional Terrestrial television and Cable A specialty channel (or speciality channel) is a Television channel which consists of Programming focused on a single type or targeted at a specific The term television channel generally refers to either a Television station or its cable / satellite counterpart (both outlined below

The original Al Jazeera channel's willingness to broadcast dissenting views, including on call-in shows, created controversies in Persian Gulf States. In Broadcasting, a phone in, or call in, is a programme format in which viewers or listeners are invited to air their live comments by Telephone, usually The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are made of the kingdoms of Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, the Sultanate of Oman, the States The station gained worldwide attention following the September 11, 2001 attacks, when it broadcast video statements by Osama bin Laden and other al-Qaeda leaders (see Videos of Osama bin Laden). Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The There have been several videos released by or claiming to be produced by Osama bin Laden.

Contents

Network

Al Jazeera operates a number of specialty channels besides its original flagship news channel. A specialty channel (or speciality channel) is a Television channel which consists of Programming focused on a single type or targeted at a specific As of early 2007, the Al Jazeera network's TV channels include:[1]

the original international Arabic-language 24h news channellaunched in 1996www.aljazeera.net/channel
a popular Arabic-language sports channellaunched in 2003aljazeerasport.net
launched in 2004
a live politics and public interest channel (similar to C-SPAN or BBC Parliament), which broadcasts conferences in real time without editing or commentarylaunched in 2005
a children's interest channellaunched in 2005www.jcctv.net
a global English-language 24h news channellaunched in 2006english.aljazeera.net
an Arabic language documentary channellaunched in 2007www.aljazeera.net/NR/exe...

Future plans

Future announced products include Al Jazeera in a number of other languages — these would include Al Jazeera Urdu, an Urdu language channel to cater mainly to Pakistanis. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language News broadcasting (also known as newscast or newsbreak) is the Broadcasting of various news events and other Information via Al Jazeera Sports (الجزيرة الرياضية is a popular Arabic-language sports channel launched in November 2003 by the well-known Al Jazeera network Sports channels are Television Specialty channels (usually available exclusively through cable and satellite) broadcast sporting events usually Al Jazeera Sports +1 is a pan-Arabic TV Sports channel. It is part of the Al Jazeera network. Al Jazeera Sports +2 is a Pay TV Sports channel broadcast from Qatar. Al Jazeera Mobasher (الجزيرة مباشر alternative transliteration Al Jazeera Mubashir) is a Television channel C-SPAN (officially the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network) is an American Cable television network dedicated to airing non-stop coverage Al Jazeera Children's Channel is an all- Arabic language Television channel marketed at children. Children's interest channels are Television Specialty channels that present children's interest content Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States News broadcasting (also known as newscast or newsbreak) is the Broadcasting of various news events and other Information via Al Jazeera Documentary Channel is an Arabic language Documentary channel and a branch of the Al Jazeera network This article is about the type of specialty TV channel For channels called Documentary Channel see Documentary (TV channel and. Al Jazeera Urdu is a forthcoming channel from Al Jazeera. An Urdu language version catering mainly to Pakistan. Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and

Al Jazeera has also been reported to be planning to launch an international newspaper. International or internationally most often describes interaction between Nations or encompassing two or more nations constituting a group or association having A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. [2]

History

The original Al Jazeera channel was started in 1996 with a US$150 million grant from the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been This is a list of Emirs of Qatar. The emirs of Qatar are members of the Al-Thani dynasty and the state of Qatar was founded in 1868 by Muhammad Sheikh, also rendered as Sheik, Cheikh, Shaikh, and other variants ( Arabic:, shaykh Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani (الشيخ حمد بن خليفة آلثاني became the Emir of the State of Qatar on June 26 1995 after deposing

In April 1996, the BBC World Service's Saudi-co-owned Arabic language TV station, faced with censorship demands by the Saudi Arabian government, shut down after two years of operation. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Censorship is the suppression of speech or deletion of communicative material which may be considered objectionable harmful or sensitive as determined by a censor The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Many former BBC World Service staff members joined Al Jazeera, which at the time was not yet on air. The channel began broadcasting in late 1996. [3]

Al Jazeera's availability (via satellite) throughout the Middle East changed the television landscape of the region. Prior to the arrival of Al Jazeera, many Middle Eastern citizens were unable to watch TV channels other than state-censored national TV stations. Al Jazeera introduced a level of freedom of speech on TV that was previously unheard of in many of these countries. Freedom of speech is the freedom to speak freely without Censorship or Limitation. Al Jazeera presented controversial views regarding the governments of many Persian Gulf states, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar; it also presented controversial views about Syria's relationship with Lebanon, and the Egyptian judiciary. Critics accused Al Jazeera of sensationalism in order to increase its audience share. Al Jazeera's broadcasts have sometimes resulted in drastic action: For example, on 27 January 1999, Al Jazeera had critics of the Algerian government on during their live program El-Itidjah el-Mouakass (="The Opposite Direction"). Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The Algerian government cut the electricity supply to at least large parts of the capital Algiers (and allegedly to large parts of the country), to prevent the program from getting seen. [4][5][6] At that time, Al Jazeera was not yet generally known in the Western world, but where it was known, the opinion about it was often favourable[7] and Al Jazeera claimed to be the only politically independent television station in the Middle East. The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings Politics Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Al Jazeera's well presented coverage of the Lebanese Civil War in 2000-2001 gave its viewer ratings a boost throughout the region. The Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990 was a multifaceted Civil war whose antecedents can be traced back to the conflicts and political compromises reached after the end However, it wasn't until late 2001 that Al Jazeera achieved worldwide recognition, when it broadcast video statements by al-Qaeda leaders. Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The [8]

Funding

Further to the initial US$ 150 million grant from the Emir of Qatar, Al Jazeera had aimed to become self-sufficient through advertising by 2001, but when this failed to occur, the Emir agreed to continue subsidizing it on a year-by-year basis (US$30 million in 2004,[9] according to Arnaud de Borchgrave). This is a list of Emirs of Qatar. The emirs of Qatar are members of the Al-Thani dynasty and the state of Qatar was founded in 1868 by Muhammad Arnaud de Borchgrave (1926 &ndash is an American Journalist who specializes in international politics Other major sources of income include advertising, cable subscription fees, broadcasting deals with other companies, and sale of footage. [10] In 2000, advertising accounted for 40% of the station's revenue. [11]

Outside the Middle East

Main article: Al Jazeera English

In 2003, Al Jazeera hired its first English-language journalist, Afshin Rattansi, from the BBC's Today Programme (which had been at the heart of UK events when it came to Tony Blair's decision to back the U. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. Today, sometimes referred to as the Today programme to avoid ambiguity is BBC Radio 4 's long-running early morning news and current affairs Anthony Charles Lynton "Tony" Blair (born 6 May 1953 is a British Politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to S. invasion of Iraq).

In March 2003, it launched an English-language website (see below).

On July 4, 2005 Al Jazeera officially announced plans to launch a new English-language satellite service to be called Al Jazeera International. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. [12] The new channel started at 12h GMT on November 15, 2006 under the name Al Jazeera English and has broadcast centers in Doha (next to the original Al Jazeera headquarters and broadcast center), London, Kuala Lumpur and Washington D.C.. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. Doha (الدوحة or Ad-Dōḥah) is the Capital city of Qatar. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Kuala Lumpur (ˈkwɑːləlʊmˈpʊər Malay /kwɑlɑlʊmpʊ/ and locally /kwɑləlʊmpɔ/ or even /kɔlɔmpɔ/ or often abbreviated as K Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D The channel is a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week news channel, with 12 hours broadcast from Doha, and four hours each from London, Kuala Lumpur, and Washington D. C.

With Al Jazeera's growing global outreach and influence, some scholars including Adel Iskandar have described the station as a transformation of the very definition of "alternative media. Adel Iskandar (aka Adel Iskandar Farag) (born March 15 1977) is a Middle East media scholar Postcolonial theorist and Media Alternative media are media (newspapers radio television movies Internet etc "[13]

Viewership

It is widely believed internationally that inhabitants of the Arab world are given limited information by their governments and media, and that what is conveyed is biased towards the governments' views. Bias is a term used to describe a Tendency or Preference towards a particular perspective, Ideology or result especially when the tendency interferes [5] Many people see Al Jazeera as a more trustworthy source of information than government and foreign channels. Some scholars and commentators use the notion of contextual objectivity,[4] which highlights the tension between objectivity and audience appeal, to describe the station's controversial yet popular news approach. Contextual objectivity is a principle with roots in Quantum mechanics that was adapted and applied to the explain and describe the operations of news media organizations during [14] As a result, it is probably the most watched news channel in the Middle East. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. Increasingly, Al Jazeera's exclusive interviews and other footage are being rebroadcast in American, British, and other western media outlets such as CNN and the BBC. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner In January 2003, the BBC announced that it had signed an agreement with Al Jazeera for sharing facilities and information, including news footage. [15] Al Jazeera is now considered by some to be a fairly mainstream media network, though more controversial than most. In the United States as of 2006, video footage from the network carried by other stations was largely limited to video segments of hostages.

As of 2007, the Arabic Al Jazeera channel rivals the BBC in worldwide audiences with an estimated 40 to 50 million viewers. [16] Al Jazeera English has an estimated reach of around 100 million households. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. [17]

Availability

The original Al Jazeera channel is available worldwide through various satellite and cable systems. [18] In the U. S. , it is available through subscription satellite and Free to Air DVB-S on the Galaxy-25 satellite. Al Jazeera can also be freely viewed with a DVB-S receiver in Europe, Northern Africa, and the Middle East as it is broadcast on the Astra and Hot Bird satellites. DVB-S is the original Digital Video Broadcasting forward error coding and modulation standard for Satellite television and dates from 1995 North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. SES Astra SA, is a corporate Subsidiary of SES, based in Betzdorf, in eastern Luxembourg, that owns and operates the Astra Hot Bird is the common name of a family of Satellites operated by Eutelsat, located at 13 °E over the Equator ( orbital position and In the UK, it is available on Sky platform.

For availability info of the Al Jazeera network's other TV channels, see their respective articles. Segments of Al Jazeera English are uploaded to YouTube. YouTube is a video sharing website where users can upload view and share Video clips YouTube was created in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees [19]

It is also possible to watch Al Jazeera English over the internet from their official website. The low-resolution version is available free of charge [2], high-resolution available under subscription fees through partner sites.

Staff

The Chairman of Al Jazeera is Sheikh Hamad bin Thamer al-Thani, a distant cousin of Qatari Emir Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani (الشيخ حمد بن خليفة آلثاني became the Emir of the State of Qatar on June 26 1995 after deposing

Al Jazeera recently restructured its operations and have formed a Network that contains all their different channels. Wadah Khanfar, the managing director of the Arabic Channel was appointed as the Director General of the Al Jazeera Network. Wadah Khanfar is the Director General of the Al Jazeera Network He also acts as the Managing Director of the Arabic channel. He is supported by Ahmed Sheikh, Editor-in-Chief, and Amen Jaballah. Ahmed Sheikh (born 1967) is a Palestinian journalist and the current Editor-in-chief of the Qatar -based Television channel Al

The Editor-in-Chief of the Arabic website is Ahmed Sheikh, and the editorial head is Mohammad Dawood. Ahmed Sheikh (born 1967) is a Palestinian journalist and the current Editor-in-chief of the Qatar -based Television channel Al It has more than one hundred editorial staff.

The Editor-in-Chief of the English-language site is Russell Merryman, who took over in August 2005. He replaced Omar Bec who was caretaking the site after the departure of Managing Editor Alison Balharry. Previous incumbents include Joanne Tucker and Ahmed Sheikh.

Prominent on-air personalities include Faisal al-Qassem, host of the talk show The Opposite Direction. Dr Faisal al-Qassem is a Syrian television personality who hosts The Opposite Direction, a talk show on Al Jazeera.

The chief investigative reporter is Yosri Fouda. Yosri Fouda, (Arabic يسري فودة born in Egypt, is a journalist who initially worked for the BBC 's short-lived Arabic -subsidiary covering the ongoing He is currently in charge of Jazeera's London bureau.

Criticism and controversy

While Al Jazeera has a large audience in the Middle East and worldwide, the organisation and the original Arabic channel in particular have been involved in numerous controversies,[20] and especially in some parts of the western world, many people have an unfavourable view of Al Jazeera. The term Western world, the West or the Occident ( Latin: occidens -sunset -west as distinct from the Orient) can have multiple meanings [21][22]

A widely reported criticism is the allegation that Al Jazeera had shown videos of masked terrorists beheading western hostages in Iraq. [23] When this is reported in other media, Al Jazeera presses for retractions to be made. [24] This allegation was again repeated on Fox News in the USA on the launch day of Al Jazeera's English service, 15 November 2006. [25]

Later The Guardian apologized for incorrect information that Al Jazeera 'had shown videos of masked terrorists beheading western hostages'. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. [26]

Al Jazeera has been entangled in controversies involving the following countries:

Algeria

As mentioned above, on 27 January 1999, several Algerian cities lost power simultaneously, reportedly to keep residents from watching a program in which Algerian dissidents implicated the Algerian military in a series of massacres. [4][5][6]

On July 4, 2004, the Algerian government froze the activities of Al Jazeera's Algerian correspondent. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's The official reason given was that a reorganization of the work of foreign correspondents was in progress. The international pressure group Reporters Without Borders says, however, that the measure was really taken in reprisal for a broadcast the previous week of another El-Itidjah el-Mouakass debate on the political situation in Algeria. [27]

Bahrain

The Bahraini Information Minister, Nabeel Yacoob Al Hamer, banned Al Jazeera correspondents from reporting from inside the country on 10 May 2002, saying that the station was biased towards Israel and against Bahrain. The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf Nabeel Yacoob AlHamer is Advisor for Information Affairs to His Majesty the King of Bahrain Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifah. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. The Kingdom of Bahrain (in مملكة البحرين,, literally Kingdom of the Two Seas) is an Island country in the Persian Gulf [28] After improvements in relations between Bahrain and Qatar in 2004, Al Jazeera correspondents returned to Bahrain.

Iraq

During the ongoing Iraq war, Al Jazeera faced the same reporting and movement restrictions as other news-gathering organizations. In addition, one of its reporters, Tayseer Allouni, was expelled from the country, while another one, Diyar Al-Omari, was stripped of his journalistic permits by the Iraqi Information Ministry. Tayseer Allouni (تيسير علوني (also Taysir Tayseer (also Alluni Aluni Alony is a journalist from the Al Jazeera news channel Reacting to this, Al Jazeera announced on April 2, 2003, that it would "temporarily freeze all coverage" of Iraq in protest of what Al Jazeera described as unreasonable interference from Iraqi officials. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. [29] All of these decisions were later reverted.

In May 2003, the CIA, through the Iraqi National Congress, released documents purportedly showing that Al Jazeera had been infiltrated by Iraqi spies, and was regarded by Iraqi officials as part of their propaganda effort. near as long as it used to be several months ago It has been actively summarized and split into sub-articles and there is a dynamic talk page discussion of all The Iraqi National Congress ( INC) is an umbrella Iraqi opposition group led by Ahmed Chalabi. As reported by the Sunday Times, the alleged spies were described by an Al Jazeera executive as having minor roles with no input on editorial decisions. The Sunday Times is a Sunday Broadsheet Newspaper distributed in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.

On 23 September 2003, Iraq suspended Al Jazeera (and Al-Arabiya) from reporting on official government activities for two weeks for what the Council stated as supporting recent attacks on council members and Coalition occupational forces. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Al Arabiya (العربية) is an Arabic-language Television News channel The move came after allegations by Iraqis who stated that the channel had incited anti-occupation violence (by airing statements from Iraqi insurgency leaders), increasing ethnic and sectarian tensions, and being supportive of the insurgency. The Iraqi insurgency is composed of diverse mix of militias foreign fighters all Iraqi units or mixtures using violent measures against the US-led Coalition in Iraq

During 2004, Al Jazeera broadcast several video tapes of various victims of kidnappings in Iraq, which had been sent to the network. The videos had been filmed by the kidnappers holding the hostages. The hostages were shown, often blindfolded, pleading for their release. They often appeared to be forced to read out prepared statements of their kidnappers. Al Jazeera has assisted authorities from the home countries of the victims in an attempt to secure the release of kidnapping victims. This included broadcasting pleas from family members and government officials. Contrary to some allegations, including the oft-reported comments of Donald Rumsfeld on June 4, 2005, Al Jazeera has never shown beheadings. Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9 1932 is a United States Businessman, Politician, the 13th Secretary of Defense under President Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Decapitation (from Latin, caput, capitis, meaning head or beheading, is the cutting off of the head of a person or animal (Beheadings have appeared on numerous non-Al Jazeera Internet websites and have sometimes been misattributed to Al Jazeera. )[23]

On August 7, 2004, the Iraqi Allawi government shut down the Iraq office of Al Jazeera, claiming that it was responsible for presenting a negative image of Iraq, and charging the network with fueling anti-Coalition hostilities. Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Ayad Allawi ( إياد علاوي) (born 1945 is an Iraqi politician and was the interim Prime Minister of Iraq prior to Iraq's 2005 legislative Al Jazeera spokesman Jihad Ballout said: "It's regrettable and we believe it's not justifiable. This latest decision runs contrary to all the promises made by Iraqi authorities concerning freedom of expression and freedom of the press. "[30] and Al Jazeera vowed to continue its reporting from inside Iraq. [31] News photographs showed United States and Iraqi military personnel working together to close the office. Initially closed by a one-month ban, the shutdown was extended indefinitely in September 2004, and the offices were sealed,[32] drawing condemnation from international journalists. [33]

Qatar

Al Jazeera has been criticized for failing to report on many hard hitting news stories that originate from Qatar, where Al Jazeera is based. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated The two most frequently cited stories were the revoking of citizenship from the Al Ghafran clan of the Al Murrah tribe in response to a failed coup that members of the Al Ghafran clan were implicated in, and Qatar's growing relations with and diplomatic visits to Israel. The Al Murrah is a tribe descended from the well-known Banu Yam tribe For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. [34]

Spain

Main article: Tayseer Allouni

Reporter Tayseer Allouni was arrested in Spain on 5 September 2003, on a charge of having provided support for members of al-Qaeda. Tayseer Allouni (تيسير علوني (also Taysir Tayseer (also Alluni Aluni Alony is a journalist from the Al Jazeera news channel Tayseer Allouni (تيسير علوني (also Taysir Tayseer (also Alluni Aluni Alony is a journalist from the Al Jazeera news channel Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The [35] Judge Baltasar Garzón, who had issued the arrest warrant, ordered Allouni held without bail. Baltasar Garzón Real (born October 26, 1955 in Torres, Jaén, Spain) is a Judge in Spain. Al Jazeera wrote to then Spanish Prime Minister Jose Maria Aznar and protested: "On several occasions Western journalists met secretly with secret organizations and they were not subjected to any legal action because they were doing their job, so why is Alouni being excluded?"[36] Allouni was released on bail several weeks later over health concerns, but prohibited from leaving the country. (born 25 February 1953 served as the Prime Minister of Spain from 1996 to 2004

On 19 September, a Spanish court issued an arrest warrant for Allouni, before the expected verdict. Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Allouni had asked the court for permission to visit his family in Syria to attend the funeral of his mother, but authorities denied his request and instead ordered him back to jail. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية [37]

Although he pleaded not guilty of all the charges against him, Allouni was sentenced on 26 September 2005 to seven years in prison for being a financial courier for al-Qaeda. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Allouni insisted he merely interviewed bin Laden after the September 11 attack on the United States. Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March [38] Al Jazeera has continuously supported Allouni and protested his innocence. [39]

Many international and private organizations condemned the arrest and called on the Spanish court to free Taysir Allouni. [40] Websites such as Alony Solidarity were created to support Allouni.

United Kingdom

UK officials, like their US counterparts, strongly protested Al Jazeera's coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia Al Jazeera stated that the coalition leaders were taking exception because its reporting made it more difficult for both countries to manage the way the war was being reported. [41]

United States

While prior to September 11, 2001, the United States government had lauded Al Jazeera for its role as an independent media outlet in the Middle East, US officials have since claimed an anti-American bias to Al Jazeera's news coverage. The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. [41][42]

The station first gained widespread attention in the West following the September 11, 2001 attacks, when it broadcast videos in which Osama bin Laden and Sulaiman Abu Ghaith defended and justified the attacks. Osama bin Laden, with some spelling variations is the name used in English to refer to (أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن born 10 March Sulaiman Abu Ghaith ( Arabic: سليمان بوغيث (born ca This led to significant controversy and accusations by the United States government that Al Jazeera was engaging in propaganda on behalf of terrorists. Propaganda is a concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behaviors of large numbers of people Al Jazeera countered that it was merely making information available without comment, and indeed several western television channels later followed suit in broadcasting portions of the tapes.

On November 13, during the US invasion of Afghanistan, 2001 a U. Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St The War in Afghanistan, which began on October 7 2001 as the U S. missile strike destroyed Al Jazeera's office in Kabul. } Kābul ( Persian and Pashto: کابل, IPA:) is the Capital and largest city of Afghanistan, with There were no casualties. [43]

Detention of Sami Al Hajj

Main article: Sami Al Hajj

Al Jazeera cameraman Sami Al Hajj, a Sudanese national, was detained while in transit to Afghanistan in December 2001, and up until May 2008 was held, without charge, as an "enemy combatant" in Camp Delta at Guantánamo Bay. Sami Mohy El Din Muhammed Al Hajj ( Arabic: سامي محي الدين محمد الحاج) aka Sami Al-Haj ( Khartoum, Sudan February 15 Sami Mohy El Din Muhammed Al Hajj ( Arabic: سامي محي الدين محمد الحاج) aka Sami Al-Haj ( Khartoum, Sudan February 15 Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. The term enemy combatant has historically referred to members of the armed forces of the state with which another state is at war Camp Delta, situated at, composed of detention camps 1 2 3 4 and Camp Echo, is a permanent 612-unit detainment camp at Guantanamo Bay that replaced Guantánamo Bay ( Spanish Bahía de Guantánamo) is a bay located in Guantánamo Province at the south-eastern end of Cuba The reasons for his detention remain unknown, although the US' official statement on all detainees is that they are security threats. Reporters Without Borders have repeatedly expressed concern over Al Hajj's detention,[44] mentioned Al Hajj in their Annual Worldwide Press Freedom Index,[45] and launched a petition for his release. [46] On 23 November 2005, Sami Al Hajj's lawyer Clive Stafford-Smith reported that, during (125 of 130) interviews, U. Events 800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to investigate the alleged crimes of Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Clive Adrian Stafford Smith OBE (born July 9, 1959) is a British - American Lawyer who practices in the areas of Civil S. officials had questioned Sami as to whether Al Jazeera was a front for al-Qaeda. Al-Qaeda, alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qa`ida or al-Qa`idah, ( Arabic:; ar-Latn ''al-qāʿidah'' Translation: The [47]

In the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the U. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia S. Pentagon hired the Rendon Group to target and possibly punish Al Jazeera reporters who did not stay on message. The Rendon Group is a public relations firm headed by John Rendon which specializes in providing communications services both nationally and internationally [48]

When Al Jazeera went on to do reporting featuring very graphic footage from inside Iraq, US officials decried Al Jazeera as anti-American and as inciting violence. [41] This sentiment was widely echoed throughout the US media and population.

On Monday, 24 March 2003, shortly after the start of the invasion, two Al Jazeera reporters covering the New York Stock Exchange had their credentials revoked. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. The New York Stock Exchange banned Al Jazeera (as well as several other news organizations whose identities were not revealed) from its trading floor indefinitely. The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. NYSE spokesman Ray Pellechia claimed "security reasons" and that the exchange had decided to give access only to networks that focus "on responsible business coverage". He denied the revocation has anything to do with the network's Iraq war coverage. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. [49] The move was quickly mirrored by Nasdaq stock market officials. The NASDAQ (acronym of National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American Stock exchange. [50]

Killing of Tareq Ayyoub

Main article: Tareq Ayyoub

On April 8, 2003 Al Jazeera's office in Baghdad was hit by a U. a' Tareq Ayyoub' (طارق ايوب (also spelled Tarek Ayoub, Tarik Ayub) was an Arab Television Reporter of Palestinian Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous S. missile, killing reporter Tareq Ayyoub and wounding another. a' Tareq Ayyoub' (طارق ايوب (also spelled Tarek Ayoub, Tarik Ayub) was an Arab Television Reporter of Palestinian [51] Al Jazeera, in order to avoid coming under US fire, had informed the U. S. of the office's precise coordinates prior to the incident. [52] Dima Tareq Tahboub, the widow of Tareq Ayyoub, continues to seek justice for her husband's death and has among other things written for the Guardian and participated in a documentary broadcast on Al Jazeera English. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar. [53]

On January 30, 2005 the New York Times reported that the Qatari government, under pressure from the Bush administration, was speeding up plans to sell the station. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Qatar ( قطر; ˈqɑtˁɑr local pronunciation giṭar officially the State of Qatar (Arabic دولة قطر transliterated George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. [54] However, as of 2008, the station/network has not been sold and it is unclear whether there are still any plans to do so.

Al Jazeera bombing memo

Main article: Al Jazeera bombing memo
Also see O'Connor - Keogh official secrets trial. The Al Jazeera bombing memo is an unpublished memorandum made within the British government which purports to be the minutes of a discussion between United States Civil servant David Keogh and parliamentary researcher Leo O'Connor, both of Northampton, England, were charged with

On November 22, 2005, the UK tabloid The Daily Mirror published a story claiming that it had obtained a leaked memo from 10 Downing Street saying that U.S. President George W. Bush had considered bombing Al Jazeera's Doha headquarters in April 2004, when U.S. Marines were conducting a contentious assault on Fallujah. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A tabloid is a Newspaper industry term which refers to a smaller newspaper format per spread to a weekly or semi-weekly alternative newspaper that focuses on local-interest The Daily Mirror, often referred to simply as The Mirror, is a British Tabloid daily Newspaper founded in 1903 The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. For other meanings see Fallujah (disambiguation. Fallujah (الفلوجة sometimes transliterated

In light of this allegation, Al Jazeera has questioned whether it has been targeted deliberately in the past – Al Jazeera's Kabul office was bombed in 2001 and another missile hit its office in Baghdad during the invasion of Iraq, killing correspondent Tareq Ayyoub. } Kābul ( Persian and Pashto: کابل, IPA:) is the Capital and largest city of Afghanistan, with Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous Both of these attacks occurred subsequent to Al Jazeera's disclosure of the locations of their offices to the United States.

On the Web

Al Jazeera's web-based service is accessible subscription-free throughout the world. The English and Arabic sections are editorially distinct, with their own selection of news and comment.

High quality video broadcast of Al Jazeera are available in English as a subscription service.

Arabic language

The Arabic version of the site was brought offline for about 10 hours by an FBI raid on its ISP, InfoCom Corporation, on September 5, 2001. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. InfoCom was later convicted of exporting to Libya and Syria, of knowingly being invested in by a Hamas member (both of which are illegal in the United States), and of underpaying customs duties. Libya ( ليبيا ar-Latn Lībiyā; Libyan vernacular: Lībya; Amazigh:) officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Ḥamas (ar حركة حماس acronym ar حركة المقاومة [55]

English language

The station launched an English-language edition of its online content in March 2003. March 2003: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - September This English language website was relaunched on November 15, 2006, along with the launch of Al Jazeera English. Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Al Jazeera English is a 24-hour English-language News and current affairs TV channel headquartered in Doha, Qatar.

Web site attacked

Immediately after its launch, the English site was attacked by one or several hackers, who launched denial-of-service attacks, and by a social engineer, who redirected visitors to a site featuring an American flag. Social engineering is the art of manipulating people into performing actions or divulging confidential information Flags of the United States The Flag of the United States of America consists of 13 equal horizontal stripes of Red (top and bottom alternating [56][57] Both events were widely reported as Al Jazeera's website having been attacked by "hackers". In Computing, hacker has several meanings A community of enthusiast Computer programmers and Systems designers originated in the 1960s [58] In November 2003, John William Racine II, also known as 'John Buffo', was sentenced to 1,000 hours of community service and a $1,500 U. November 2003: January - February - March - April - May - June - July - August - S. fine for the online disruption. Racine posed as an Al Jazeera employee to get a password to the network's site, then redirected visitors to a page he created that showed an American flag shaped like a U. Social engineering is the art of manipulating people into performing actions or divulging confidential information S. map and a patriotic motto, court documents said. Patriotism is commonly defined as love of and/or devotion to one's country [59] In June 2003, Racine pleaded guilty to wire fraud and unlawful interception of an electronic communication. Wire fraud is a legal concept in the United States Code which provides for enhanced penalty of any criminally fraudulent activity if it is determined that the activity involved [60] As of 2007, the perpetrators of the denial-of-service attacks remain unknown.

Web host changes

The English-language site was forced to change internet hosting providers several times, due, in Al Jazeera's opinion, to political pressure. Initially, hosting for the English-language site was provided by the U. S. -based company DataPipe, which gave Al Jazeera notice, soon followed by Akamai Technologies. Akamai Technologies Inc ( is a company that provides a distributed computing platform for global Internet content and application delivery, headquartered in [57] Al Jazeera later shifted to the French branch of NavLink, and then to (the as of 2007 current host) AT&T WorldNet Services. Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and at&tnet (formerly AT&T Worldnet) is a Web portal and Internet service provider from AT&T Inc

Documentaries

Awards

Competitors

References

  1. ^ Lyngsat page showing, among others, Al Jazeera's channels
    Lyngsat page showing Qatari TV channels, including Al Jazeera's
  2. ^ Al Jazeera plans to launch Arab newspaper Arabian Business; published Saturday 4, November 2006
  3. ^ Qatar's Al-Jazeera livens up Arab TV scene BBC News - Monitoring; published Thursday, January 7, 1999
    In defense of al-Jazeera MSNBC; by Michael Moran; published October 18, 2001
  4. ^ a b c El-Nawawy and Iskandar. Al-Jazeera: How the free Arab News Network Scooped the World and Changed the Middle East. Westview.   cf. Further reading
  5. ^ a b c Books of our Time: Al-Jazeera at Google Video; TV programme feat. Google Video is a free video sharing website and also a video service from Google that allows anyone to upload Video Clips to Google's web Lawrence Velvel, Dean of the Mass. School of Law, interviewing author Hugh Miles who reveals a lot about the channel (a, c: 48:30, b: 55:00)
  6. ^ a b The Rise of Al JazeeraPDF (502 KiB) by Nicolas Eliades; Peace & Conflict Monitor; University for Peace
    Qatar's Al-Jazeera TV: The Power of Free Speech
  7. ^ E. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International The University for Peace ( UPEACE) was established in Costa Rica in 1980 "to provide humanity with an international institution of higher education g. in 1999, New York Times reporter Thomas L. Friedman called Al-Jazeera "the freest, most widely watched TV network in the Arab world. Thomas Lauren Friedman (born July 20, 1953) is an American journalist columnist and author " – Friedman, Thomas L. (12 February 1999). "Fathers and Sons". New York Times: A27.  
  8. ^ Al Jazeera and Bin Laden
  9. ^ Tutwiler's mission impossible
  10. ^ According to pravda. ru [1], a tabloid-style website unrelated to the original Pravda, "Al Jazeera received $20,000 per minute for Bin Laden's speech. Pravda (Правда "The Truth" was a leading Newspaper of the Soviet Union and an official organ of the Central Committee of the "
  11. ^ Al-Jazeera - "The opinion, and the other opinion" - Sustaining a Free Press in the Middle EastPDF (966 KiB) by Kahlil Byrd and Theresse Kawarabayashi; MIT's Media in Transition 3; published May 2-4, 2003
  12. ^ Al Jazeera turns its signal West
  13. ^ Is Al Jazeera alternative? Mainstream alterity and Assimilating discourses of dissent
  14. ^ The Minotaur of 'Contextual Objectivity': War coverage and the pursuit of accuracy with appeal
  15. ^ BBC in news deal with Arabic TV BBC News, published 17 January 2003
  16. ^ Audience Demographics and Viewership Profile
  17. ^ Release:We break 100million barrier
  18. ^ Al Jazeera TV Footprint - Coverage
  19. ^ Al Jazeera Youtube Channel
  20. ^ Al Jazeera under fire
  21. ^ Mosaic Intelligence Report - November 17, 2006; NB: the poll figures quoted in the report are from a poll analysis apparently commissioned by Accuracy in Media with the goal of exploring how the US public could be mobilised against Al Jazeera (cf. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International Accuracy In Media ( AIM) is an American organization which monitors the News media in the United States. section "In Conclusion…" of survey analysis documentPDF (39. 1 KiB)). A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International
  22. ^ Anderson Cooper 360 on Al Jazeera International
  23. ^ a b Rumsfeld blames Al Jazeera over Iraq
  24. ^ Was George Bush serious about attack on Al Jazeera?
  25. ^ by Brent Bozell at 12. Leo Brent Bozell III (born July 14, 1955 in Washington DC) is the founder and president of the Media Research Center, the Conservative 30 ET during the Fox Online program (YouTube video)
  26. ^ The Guardian's Corrections and clarifications column, Wednesday November 30 2005
  27. ^ RSF strongly condemns ban on al-Jazeera
  28. ^ Bahrain bans Al Jazeera TV
  29. ^ CPJ News Alert - Missing journalist's wife demands more information
  30. ^ Militia dig in as fighting rages in holy city The Sydney Morning Herald; published August 9, 2004
  31. ^ Iraqi Government Shuts Al-Jazeera Station by Rawya Rageh; Associated Press; published August 7, 2004
  32. ^ Iraq extends al-Jazeera ban and raids offices by Luke Harding; The Guardian; published Monday September 6, 2004
  33. ^ Al-Jazeera Under Fire: IFJ Condemns Iraqi Ban and Canada’s “Bizarre” Restrictions International Federation of Journalists; published September 6, 2004
  34. ^ Secret Dubai diary: into exile
  35. ^ Al-Jazeera Arrest CNN; published September 5, 2003
  36. ^ Spanish judge orders Al-Jazeera reporter to jail by Mar Roman; Associated Press; published Thursday, September 11, 2003
  37. ^ Aljazeera reporter placed in detention Al Jazeera; published Wednesday, January 19, 2005
  38. ^ Special Reports - Taysir Alluni Al Jazeera
  39. ^ A fight for justice - Al Jazeera
  40. ^ e. The Eastern Time Zone ( ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of North America and the west coast of South America The Sydney Morning Herald ( SMH) is a daily Broadsheet Newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia Events 48 BC - Caesar's civil war: Battle of Pharsalus - Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Template talkInfobox Union for usage --> International Federation of Journalists, IFJ, is Global union Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner The Associated Press ( AP) is an American News agency. The AP is a Cooperative owned by its contributing Newspapers radio g. Al Jazeera journalist re-arrested 10 days before trial verdict
  41. ^ a b c Al-Jazeera: News channel in the news BBC News; published Saturday, 29 March, 2003
  42. ^ World and America watching different wars Christian Science Monitor
  43. ^ Al-Jazeera Kabul offices hit in US raid
  44. ^ Call for Sami Al-Haj’s release from Guantanamo after lawyer provides new information
    Call for release of cameraman Sami Al Hajj as he completes fourth year in Guantanamo
    Call for Al-Jazeera cameraman's release from Guantanamo on fifth anniversary of arrival of first detainees
  45. ^ North Korea, Turkmenistan, Eritrea the worst violators of press freedom
  46. ^ Sami Al Haj - Petition - Reporters Sans Frontieres
  47. ^ More news is good news at New Age BD
  48. ^ The Man Who Sold the War by James Bamford; Rolling Stone; published November 17, 2005
  49. ^ Al Jazeera banned from NYSE floor at Arab Press Freedom Watch]
    Al Jazeera ousted from NYSE (March 25, 2003
  50. ^ Al Jazeera banned from two Wall Street exchanges (March 26, 2003)
  51. ^ Al-Jazeera 'hit by missile'
  52. ^ Did the US murder these Journalists? by Robert Fisk; SF Bay Guardian; published April 26, 2003
  53. ^ The war on al-Jazeera Comment by Dima Tareq Tahboub, the widow of Tareq Ayyoub, The Guardian, October 4, 2003
  54. ^ Under Pressure, Qatar May Sell Jazeera Station, New York Times, January 30, 2005
  55. ^ Elisha Brothers convictedPDF (63. The Christian Science Monitor (CSM is an international Newspaper published daily Monday through Friday Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Robert Fisk (born July 12 1946 in Maidstone, Kent) is a British Journalist and is Middle East correspondent The San Francisco Bay Guardian (also known as the SF Bay Guardian, Bay Guardian, and the Guardian) is a Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Events 610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas 1 KiB)
  56. ^ Al-Jazeera hacker pleads guilty BBC News; published Friday, June 13, 2003
  57. ^ a b Al Jazeera and the Net - free speech, but don't say that by John Lettice; The Register; published Monday, April 7, 2003
  58. ^ Al-Jazeera websites 'hit by hackers' by Dominic Timms; Guardian Unlimited; published Wednesday, March 26, 2003
  59. ^ Al-Jazeera cracker charged by John Leyden; The Register; published Thursday, June 12, 2003
  60. ^ Southern California Man Who Hijacked Al Jazeera Website Agrees to Plead Guilty to Federal Charges
    Guilty plea in Al Jazeera site hack
    Al Jazeera hacker gets community service
  61. ^ Wide Angle - Exclusive to Al Jazeera
  62. ^ "Al-Jazeera, An Arab Voice for Freedom or Demagoguery? The UNC Tour"
  63. ^ Ibn Rushd prize 1999
  64. ^ Index: Free speaking voices in the wilderness
  65. ^ The Webby Awards
  66. ^ Apple bites big
  67. ^ Attacks on the Press - 2004: Mideast
  68. ^ Profile: Al Arabiya TV
    Shock over Iraqi reporter's death
  69. ^ Time for the Last Hurrah for US' Al-Hurra
  70. ^ BBC NEWS | World | Middle East | BBC launches Arabic TV channel

Further reading

External links

Note that the websites aljazeera.com and aljazeerah.info are not affiliated with Al Jazeera. Dietram A Scheufele is Professor of Life Sciences Communication and Journalism & Mass Communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International I B Tauris (usually typeset as IBTauris) is the name of an independent publishing house with offices in London and New York. Aljazeeracom is an English language website for Aljazeera Magazine. Al-Jazeerah Information Center (مركز معلومات الجزيرة is a non-profit United States &ndash based "news and research publication"

Dictionary

Al Jazeera

-proper noun

  1. A satellite television news channel that broadcasts in English and Arabic from Qatar.
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