| Adirondack Park | |
| New York Forest Preserve | |
 Long Pond, in the Saint Regis Canoe Area. New York 's Forest Preserve is all the land owned by the state within the Adirondack and Catskill parks managed by its Department of Environmental The Saint Regis Canoe Area is a 19000 acre (76 km² area of the Adirondack Park in southern Franklin County New York about 18 miles (29 km northeast of | |
| Name origin: Iroquois for bark eater. The Iroquoian languages are a Native American Language family. | |
| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | New York |
| Region | Northern New York |
| Counties | Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Hamilton, Lewis, Oneida, Saint Lawrence, Saratoga, Warren, Washington |
| Cities | Lake George, Lake Placid, Old Forge, Saranac Lake, Ticonderoga |
| Landmark | Mount Marcy |
| Rivers | Au Sable, Black, Hudson, Oswegatchie, Saranac, Raquette |
| Highest point | Mount Marcy |
| - location | Keene Valley, Essex County |
| - elevation | 5,344 ft (1,629 m) |
| - coordinates | |
| Lowest point | |
| - location | AuSable River at Lake Champlain, Essex County |
| - elevation | 120 ft (37 m) |
| - coordinates | |
| Area | 9,375 sq mi (24,281 km²) |
| Biomes | Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests, boreal forest,, alpine tundra |
| Founded | New York State Forest Preserve |
| Date | 1885 |
| Management | Adirondack Park Agency, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation |
| - location | Ray Brook, Essex County |
| IUCN category | V - Protected Landscape/Seascape |
| NHL designation | 1966[1][2] |
| NRHP Ref# | 66000891 |
 Park area highlighted in green, bounded by the Blue Line, within New York state. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous This article refers to a region of New York State. For other meanings see North Country There are 62 counties in the State of New York. The first twelve counties in New York were created immediately after the British annexation of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam Clinton County is a County located in the US state of New York. Essex County is a County located in the US state of New York. Franklin County is a County located in the US state of New York. Fulton County is a County located in the US state of New York. Hamilton County is a County located in the US state of New York. Lewis County is a County located in the US state of New York. Oneida County is a County located in the US state of New York. St Lawrence County is a County located in the US state of New York. Saratoga County is a County located in the US state of New York. Warren County is a County in the US state of New York. It is part of the Glens Falls New York Metropolitan Statistical Area Washington County is a County located in the US state of New York. Lake George is a Town in Warren County, New York, USA. It is part of the Glens Falls, New York Metropolitan Statistical Lake Placid is a Village in the Adirondack Mountains in Essex County, New York, United States. Old Forge is a hamlet on Route 28 in the Town of Webb in Herkimer County New York. Saranac Lake is a Village located in the state of New York, United States. Ticonderoga is a Town in Essex County, New York, USA. The population was 5167 at the 2000 census Au Sable River may refer to the following Au Sable River (Michigan Ausable River (New York Ausable River (Ontario The Black River is a blackwater River that empties into the eastern end of Lake Ontario on the shore of Jefferson County New York in the The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk, the Great Mohegan by the Iroquois, or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami The Oswegatchie River enters the Saint Lawrence River at the City of Ogdensburg. Saranac River is a River in the US state of New York. In its upper reaches is a region of mostly flat water and lakes The Raquette River, sometimes spelled Racquette, originates at Raquette Lake in the Adirondack Mountains in New York. Keene is a Town in central Essex County, New York, United States. Essex County is a County located in the US state of New York. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International Lake Champlain (French lac Champlain) is a natural freshwater Lake in North America, located mainly within the borders of the United States A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests temperate deciduous forest) --> are a Temperate and Humid Biome. Taiga (ˈtaɪgə from Turkic or Mongolian) is a Biome characterized by Coniferous forests In physical Geography, tundra is an area where the Tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons New York 's Forest Preserve is all the land owned by the state within the Adirondack and Catskill parks managed by its Department of Environmental Year 1885 ( MDCCCLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Adirondack Park Agency (APA was created in 1971 by New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a governmental agency that performs long-range planning for the The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation ( NYSDEC or DEC) is responsible for the conservation improvement and protection of Natural resources Ray Brook is a Hamlet in New York State, USA located on NY 86 between Saranac Lake and Lake Placid in the Town of Essex County is a County located in the US state of New York. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the The Blue Line is the term used in New York state for the boundaries of the Adirondack and Catskill parks within which can be found the state's Forest | |
 New York within the United States. | |
The Adirondack Park is a publicly-protected area located in northeast New York. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous It is the largest park in the contiguous United States, the largest National Historic Landmark, and the largest area protected by any U.S. state. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the A US state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of the United States of America that share Sovereignty with the federal government
The park covers some 6. 1 million acres (24,700 km²), a land area about the size of Vermont, or of the Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, Glacier, and Great Smoky Mountains National Parks combined. Vermont ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park is one of the United States' oldest national parks and is located in Arizona. Glacier National Park is located in the US state of Montana, bordering the Canadian provinces of Alberta and British Columbia. Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains The National Park Service ( NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation
More than half the land within the Adirondack Park is privately owned, including several villages and hamlets.
Contents |
Park boundaries
The Adirondack Park boundary, commonly referred to as the 'Blue Line,' contains the entire Adirondack Mountain range as well as some surrounding areas. The Blue Line is the term used in New York state for the boundaries of the Adirondack and Catskill parks within which can be found the state's Forest The Adirondack Mountains are a Mountain range located in the northeastern part of New York, that runs through Clinton, Essex, Franklin The park includes all of Hamilton and Essex counties, as well as considerable portions of Clinton, Franklin, Fulton, Herkimer, St. Lawrence, and Warren counties and small portions of Lewis, Oneida, Saratoga, and Washington counties as well. Hamilton County is a County located in the US state of New York. Essex County is a County located in the US state of New York. Clinton County is a County located in the US state of New York. Franklin County is a County located in the US state of New York. Herkimer County is a County located in the US state of New York. St Lawrence County is a County located in the US state of New York. Warren County is a County in the US state of New York. It is part of the Glens Falls New York Metropolitan Statistical Area Lewis County is a County located in the US state of New York. Oneida County is a County located in the US state of New York. Saratoga County is a County located in the US state of New York. Washington County is a County located in the US state of New York. (The Clinton County towns of Altona and Dannemora, despite being entirely within the park boundary, are specifically excluded from the park by statute, due to the large prison facilities in both towns. Altona New York may refer to either Altona (town New York, located in Clinton County or Altona (CDP New York, located within the Town Dannemora is a Town in Clinton County, New York, United States. )
Not all of the land within the park is owned by the state, although new sections are frequently purchased or donated. State land comprises 2. 7 million acres (11,000 km²), or about 45% of the park's area, including the highest peaks in New York State, as well as Mount Marcy, the highest elevation in the state. The High Peaks is the name for the 46 highest Mountain peaks in the Adirondack Mountains of New York, USA, and the region around them About one million acres (4,000 km²) of this total are classified as wilderness, with most of the remainder managed under the somewhat less stringent wild forest classification. Villages and hamlets comprise less than 1% of the area of the park; the remaining area of more than 3 million acres (12,000 km²) is privately held but is generally sparsely developed. A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. [3] There is often no clear demarcation between state, private, and wilderness lands in the park. Signs marking the Adirondack Park boundary can be found on most of the major roads in the region, but there are no entrance gates and no admission fee.
History
Formation
The thinking that was to lead to the creation of the park first appeared in George Perkins Marsh's Man and Nature, published in 1864. George Perkins Marsh ( March 15, 1801 &ndash July 23, 1882) an American Diplomat and Philologist, is considered Man and Nature is a book written by George Perkins Marsh in 1864. Marsh argued that deforestation could lead to desertification: referring to the clearing of once lush lands surrounding the Mediterranean, he asserted "the operation of causes set in action by man has brought the face of the earth to a desolation almost as complete as that of the moon. "
The idea for the park itself first occurred to surveyor Verplanck Colvin in 1870, while taking in the view from atop Seward Mountain. Verplanck Colvin (1847&ndash1920 was a Lawyer and topographical engineer whose understanding and appreciation for the environment of the Seward Mountain is a Mountain located in Franklin County, New York, of which it is the highest point He wrote to the state government that action was necessary to protect the forests or it would be wasted, which would lead to the drying up of the water needed to keep the Erie Canal in operation. The Erie Canal is a popular canal in New York state from the Hudson River to Lake Erie, approximately 360 miles connecting the Great Lakes Three years later he was appointed to a committee formed to consider how to do this.
While his term 'Adirondack Park' led to some derision and fears from longtime residents of the area that they might be bought out and evicted, proponents of the idea began to use 'Adirondack Forest Preserve' instead. Both terms continue in use to this day, with the former referring to the land inside the Blue Line and the latter to that portion owned by the state.
In 1878, Seneca Ray Stoddard produced a topographical survey of the Adirondacks that was influential in the creation of the Park. Seneca Ray Stoddard (1844–1917 was an American Landscape Photographer known for his photographs of New York 's Adirondack Mountains
Serious efforts to protect this land began in 1882, when businessmen in New York began to be concerned about the effects of widespread logging. Without trees, the many steep slopes on the mountains in the region were likely to erode, and the silt from the slopes could conceivably have silted up the Erie Canal and the Hudson itself, choking off New York State’s economic backbone. The Hudson River, called Muh-he-kun-ne-tuk, the Great Mohegan by the Iroquois, or as the Lenape Native Americans called it in Unami
In 1885, legislation declared that the land in the Adirondack Park and the Catskill Park was to be conserved and never put up for sale or lease. The Catskill Park is in the Catskill Mountains in New York in the United States. The park was established in 1892, due to the activities of Colvin and other conservationists. The park was given state constitutional protection in 1894, so that the state-owned lands within its bounds would be protected forever ('forever wild'). The part of the Adirondack State Park under government control is referred to as the Adirondack Forest Preserve. Further, this became a National Historic Landmark in 1963. A National Historic Landmark (NHL is a Building, site, Structure, Object, or District, that is officially recognized by the [1][4]
Today
Ongoing efforts have been made to reintroduce native fauna that had been lost in the park during earlier exploitation. Animals in various stages of reintroduction include the American Beaver, the Fisher, the American Marten, the Moose, the Canadian Lynx, and the Osprey. The American Beaver ( Castor canadensis) is a large semi-aquatic Rodent native to Canada, much of the United States, and parts of northern The fisher is a North American Marten, a medium-sized Mustelid. The American marten ( Martes americana) is a North American member of the Mustelidae family The moose (North America or elk (Europe Alces alces, is the largest extant Species in the Deer family. The Canadian lynx ( Lynx canadensis) is a North American Mammal of the cat family Felidae. The Osprey (Pandion haliaetus, also called Sea Hawk, is a diurnal, fish-eating Bird of prey. Not all of these restoration efforts have been successful yet.
The park has a year-round population of about 130,000 people in dozens of villages and hamlets. A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. Seasonal residents number about 200,000, while an estimated 7-10 million tourists visit the park annually. It is the largest area without a city in New York State. There are more than 3,000 lakes and 30,000 miles (48,000 km) of streams and rivers. Many areas within the park are devoid of settlements and distant from usable roads. The park includes over 2,000 miles (3,200 km) of hiking trails; these trails comprise the largest trail system in the nation. With its combination of private and public lands, its large scale and its long history as a place people have tried to coexist with nature, many see the Adirondacks as a model for the ways natural areas with human populations can be protected into the future. There are parks in India and other nations that use the Adirondacks concept.
The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) is responsible for the care, custody, and management of the 2,700,000 acres (10,900 km²) of public (state) land in the Adirondack Forest Preserve. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation ( NYSDEC or DEC) is responsible for the conservation improvement and protection of Natural resources The Adirondack Park Agency (APA, created 1971) is a governmental agency that performs long-range planning for the future of the Adirondack State Park. The Adirondack Park Agency (APA was created in 1971 by New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a governmental agency that performs long-range planning for the It oversees development plans of private land-owners, as well as activities within the Forest Preserve. New York 's Forest Preserve is all the land owned by the state within the Adirondack and Catskill parks managed by its Department of Environmental Development by private owners must be reviewed to determine if their plan is compatible with the park.
This system of management is distinctly different from New York's state park system, which is managed by different agencies, primarily the state's Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. This is a list of State parks and state historic sites' in the U The New York State Office of Parks Recreation and Historic Preservation operates (as of 2004) 168 State parks 35 state Historic While it is frequently referred to as a state park, the Adirondack Park has much more in common with a national forest: it mixes private and public land and has year-round residents within its boundaries in long-established settlements. "National forest" redirects here for the National Forest in England see National Forest England; for those in Brazil see List of Brazilian National Forests 'Adirondack Park' was Verplanck Colvin's original term for the area; it and the park itself predate by several decades the formal establishment of state parks in New York. Verplanck Colvin (1847&ndash1920 was a Lawyer and topographical engineer whose understanding and appreciation for the environment of the
Accessibility
The southern side of the park is closer to major population centers, and lies just north of the New York State Thruway (Interstate 90). The New York State Thruway (officially the Governor Thomas E Dewey Thruway) is a limited-access toll Highway in the U Interstate 87 (the Adirondack Northway) traverses the eastern side of the park between the Capital District of New York and Montreal, Canada. Interstate 87 (abbreviated I-87) is a 33349 mile (53670 km intrastate Interstate highway located entirely within the state of New York The Capital District (also "Capital Region" is an imprecise regional definition (much like Upstate New York) that generally refers to the four counties surrounding Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec The northern and western portions of the park are somewhat more remote, but can be reached from Interstate 81 or State Routes 3, 28, and 11. The park is also served by the Adirondack Regional Airport and Amtrak's Adirondack Route along the shores of Lake Champlain. Adirondack Regional Airport is a public Airport in the north-central Adirondacks two Miles (3 km) from Lake Clear, in Harrietstown The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, Doing business as Amtrak, is a Government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 The Adirondack is a Passenger train operated daily by Amtrak between New York City and Montreal. Lake Champlain (French lac Champlain) is a natural freshwater Lake in North America, located mainly within the borders of the United States
References
- ^ a b Adirondack Forest Preserve. National Park Service (2007-11-01). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi
- ^ National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2007-01-23). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor
- ^ Adirondack Park Land Use Area Statistics - March 2003
- ^ Richard Greenwood (February 7, 1976), National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Adirondack Forest PreservePDF (305 KiB), National Park Service. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International
See also
- Adirondack Mountains
- Adirondack Museum
- Saint Regis Canoe Area
- Natural History Museum of the Adirondacks
- List of Wilderness Areas in the Adirondack Park
- List of New York state parks
- Long Island Central Pine Barrens (which operates under similar arrangement)
External links
- New York Adirondack Park Agency
- New York Department of Environmental Conservation
- The Adirondack Mountain Club
- The Adirondack Museum
- A Central Park for the World
- Residents' Committee to Protect the Adirondacks
- The Adirondack Council
- The Wild Center
- The Wildlife Conservation Society's Adirondack Program
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