Citizendia

Abdul Kalam
Abdul Kalam
In office
July 25, 2002 – July 25, 2007
Vice PresidentBhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded byK. R. Narayanan
Succeeded byPratibha Patil
BornOctober 15, 1931 (1931-10-15) (age 76)[1]
Dhanushkodi, Rameswaram, Madras Presidency,
Political partyNot affiliated
SpouseSingle; Never married
ReligionIslam

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (Tamil: அவுல் பகீர் ஜைனுலாப்தீன் அப்துல் கலாம், Hindi: अवुल पकिर जैनुलाअबदीन अब्दुल कलाम, Malayalam: അവുല് പകീര് ജൈനുലബ്ദീന് അബ്ദുള് കലാം ) born October 15, 1931, Tamil Nadu, India, usually referred as Dr. The President of India or Rashtrapati ( Hindi: राष्ट्रपति a Sanskrit Neologism, lit Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Kocheril Raman Narayanan ( Malayalam: കോച്ചേരില്‍ രാമന്‍ നാരായണന്‍ 27 October 1920 &mdash Pratibha Devisingh Patil (प्रतिभा देवीसिंह पाटिल (born December 19, 1934) is the current President of India, the Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Dhanushkodi is a city at the southern tip of the Rameswaram island at the eastern coast of the Tamil Nadu state of India WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Rameswaram (Tamil ராமேஸ்வரம் is a Town in Ramanathapuram district Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St In relationships, a single person is one who is not married or in a romantic relationship A bachelor is a man above the Age of majority who has never been married (see single) For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country A. P. J. Abdul Kalam^ , was the eleventh President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007. Indian family names are based on a variety of systems and Naming conventions, which vary from region to region The President of India or Rashtrapati ( Hindi: राष्ट्रपति a Sanskrit Neologism, lit [2] Due to his unconventional working style, he is also popularly known as the People's President. Before his term as India's president, he distinguished himself as engineering visionary and was awarded India's highest civilian honour Bharat Ratna in 1997 for his work with DRDO and his role as scientific advisor to the Indian government. An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. Bharat Ratna (translates to Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is India 's highest Civilian award, awarded for the The Defence Research and Development Organisation ( DRDO) ( Hindi: रक्षा अनुसंधान एवं विकास संघठन, He is popularly known as the Missile Man of India for his work and is considered a progressive mentor, innovator and visionary in India. Scientific progress is the idea that Science increases its problem solving ability through the application of some Scientific method.

Contents

Personal life

APJ Abdul Kalam was born in 1931 in a middle-class family in Rameshwaram, Tamil Nadu, a town well-known for its Hindu shrines. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Rameswaram (Tamil ராமேஸ்வரம் is a Town in Ramanathapuram district His mother tongue is Tamil. Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. His father, a devout Muslim, owned boats which he rented out to local fishermen and was a good friend of Hindu religious leaders and the school teachers at Rameshwaram. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion APJ Abdul Kalam mentions in his biography that to support his studies, he started his career as a newspaper vendor. This was also told in the book, A Boy and His Dream: Three Stories from the Childhood of Abdul Kalam by Vinita Krishna. The house Kalam was born in can still be found on the Mosque street at Rameswaram, and his brother's curio shop abuts it. This has become a point-of-call for tourists who seek out the place. Kalam grew up in an intimate relationship with nature, and he says in Wings of Fire that he never could imagine that water could be so powerful a destroying force as that he witnessed when he was six. Wings of Fire An Autobiography of APJ Abdul Kalam (1999 is an Autobiography of A P J Abdul Kalam, ex- President of India. That was in 1934 when a cyclonic storm swept away the Pamban bridge and a trainload of passengers with it and also Kalam's native village, Dhanushkodi.

Kalam observes strict personal discipline, vegetarianism, teetotalism and celibacy. Vegetarianism is the practice of a diet that excludes Meat (including game and slaughter by-products Fish (including Shellfish and other sea See also Prohibition, Temperance movement Teetotalism (or T-total is the practice and promotion of complete Abstinence from Alcoholic beverages Celibacy refers to the lack of participation in Sexual intercourse. He is a lover of natural beauty. Kalam is a scholar of Thirukkural; in most of his speeches, he quotes at least one kural. The Kural is one of the most important forms of classical Tamil Poetry. Kalam has written several inspirational books, most notably his autobiography Wings of Fire, aimed at motivating Indian youth. Wings of Fire An Autobiography of APJ Abdul Kalam (1999 is an Autobiography of A P J Abdul Kalam, ex- President of India. Another of his books, Guiding Souls: Dialogues on the Purpose of Life reveals his spiritual side. He has written poems in Tamil as well. It has been reported that there is considerable demand in South Korea for translated versions of books authored by Dr. South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Kalam. [3].

Kalam as an engineer

Abdul Kalam graduated from Madras Institute of Technology majoring in Aeronautical Engineering. The Madras Institute of Technology ( MIT) is an engineering institute located in Chromepet, Chennai, India. As the Project Director, he made significant contributions to the development of India's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). As Chief Executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), he also played major part in developing many missiles of India including Agni and Prithvi. The Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP was an Indian Ministry of Defence program for the development of a comprehensive range of missiles including See also Agni missile system --> The Agni missile ( Sanskrit: अग्नि Prithvi ( Sanskrit: पृथ्वी, {{IAST|pṛthvī}} "Earth") is a tactical surface-to-surface, short-range He was the Chief Scientific Adviser to Defence Minister and Secretary, Department of Defence Research & Development from July 1992 to December 1999. Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period, led by him. Pokharan-II refers to test explosions of five Nuclear devices three on 11 May and two on 13 May 1998 conducted by India

Honours

He has received honorary doctorates from as many as thirty universities . [4] The Government of India has honoured him with the nation's highest civilian honours: the Padma Bhushan in 1981; Padma Vibhushan in 1990; and the Bharat Ratna in 1997. The Padma Bhushan award is an Indian civilian decoration established on January 2, 1954 by the President of India. Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 The Padma Vibhushan is India 's second highest civilian honour Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) Bharat Ratna (translates to Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is India 's highest Civilian award, awarded for the Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

Kalam is the Fourth President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna before being elected to the highest office, the other three being Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan ,V. V. Giri and Zakir Hussain. Bharat Ratna (translates to Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is India 's highest Civilian award, awarded for the Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, OM ( Telugu:సర్వేపల్లి రాధాకృష్ణ Tamil:சர்வேபள்ளி Varahagiri Venkata Giri (వరాహగిరి వేంకట గిరి (10 August 1894 – 23 June 1980 commonly known as V Dr Zakir Hussain ( February 8, 1897 - May 3, 1969) ( Urdu: زاکِر حسین was the third President of India from He is also the first scientist and first bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhavan. Rashtrapati Bhavan ( Sanskrit for President House / Presidential Palace is the Official residence of the President of India, located in New Delhi

Referred to as the "People's President", Kalam is often considered amongst India's greatest presidents, going on to win a poll conducted by news channel CNN-IBN for India's Best President. CNN-IBN is an English-language Indian TV news channel The network is a partnership between Global Broadcast News (GBN and Turner International

Political views

Kalam's probable views on certain issues have been espoused by him in his book India 2020 where he strongly advocates an action plan to develop India into a knowledge superpower and into a developed nation by the year 2020. India 2020 A Vision for the New Millennium (published 1998 ISBN 0670882712 is a book written by former President of India A P J Abdul Kalam A superpower is a State with a leading position in the international system and the ability to Influence events and project power on a worldwide scale The term developed country, or advanced country, is used to categorize countries with developed Economies in which the tertiary and quaternary sectors 2020 ( MMXX) will be a Leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Kalam is credited with the view that India ought to take a more assertive stance in international relations; he regards his work on India's nuclear weapons program as a way to assert India's place as a future superpower. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. A superpower is a State with a leading position in the international system and the ability to Influence events and project power on a worldwide scale

Kalam continues to take an active interest in other developments in the field of science and technology as well. He has proposed a research programme for developing bio-implants. He is a supporter of Open source software over proprietary solutions and believes that the use of open source software on a large scale will bring more people the benefits of information technology. Open source is a development methodology which offers practical accessibility to a product's source (goods and knowledge Information technology ( IT) as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA is "the study design development implementation support

Kalam's belief in the power of science to resolve society's problems and his views of these problems as a result of inefficient distribution of resources is modernistic. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding He also sees science and technology as ideology-free areas and emphasizes the cultivation of scientific temper and entrepreneurial drive. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding In this, he finds a lot of support among India's new business leaders like the founders of Infosys and Wipro, (leading Indian IT corporations) who began their careers as technology professionals much in the same way Kalam did. Infosys Technologies Limited () is a multinational Information technology services company headquartered in Bengaluru, India. Wipro Technologies ( is an Information technology service company established in India in 1980

His views on issues of peace and weapons seem to be contradictory. On close examination of his thoughts it looks practical. He is quoted as follows

In the 3,000-year history of India, barring 600 years, the country has been ruled by others. If you need development, the country should witness peace and peace is ensured by strength. Missiles were developed to strengthen the country. [1]

See also

References

  1. ^ A Brief Biography of Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
  2. ^ President of India : Rashtrapati Bhavan : Former Presidents
  3. ^ Kalam, the author catching on in South Korea. Pokharan-II refers to test explosions of five Nuclear devices three on 11 May and two on 13 May 1998 conducted by India
  4. ^ http://presidentofindia.nic.in/scripts/thepresident.jsp

Books

External links

Preceded by
K R Narayanan		President of India
July 25, 2002-July 25, 2007		Succeeded by
Pratibha Patil
A typical chain letter consists of a Message that attempts to induce the recipient to make a number of copies of the letter and then pass them on to as many recipients Kocheril Raman Narayanan ( Malayalam: കോച്ചേരില്‍ രാമന്‍ നാരായണന്‍ 27 October 1920 &mdash The President of India or Rashtrapati ( Hindi: राष्ट्रपति a Sanskrit Neologism, lit Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Pratibha Devisingh Patil (प्रतिभा देवीसिंह पाटिल (born December 19, 1934) is the current President of India, the
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