Citizendia

Abdoulaye Wade
Abdoulaye Wade
Incumbent
Assumed office 
01 April 2000
Prime MinisterMamadou Lamine Loum
Moustapha Niasse
Mame Madior Boye
Idrissa Seck
Macky Sall
Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré
Preceded byAbdou Diouf
Born29 May 1926 (1926-05-29) (age 82)
Kébémer, Senegal
Political partyPDS
SpouseViviane Wade[1]
ReligionSunni Muslim (Maliki-Ash'ari, Mouride)

Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29, 1926[2]) is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000. Elections Presidents of Senegal 1960-present Léopold Sédar Senghor: 6 September 1960 - 31 December 1980 Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Mamadou Lamine Loum (born February 3 1952) is a Senegalese political figure Moustapha Niasse (born November 4 1939) is a Senegalese politician and diplomat Mame Madior Boye (born 1940 is a former Prime Minister of Senegal, the first and so far only female holder of that position serving from 2001 to 2002 Idrissa Seck (born August 9, 1959) is a Senegalese politician who was Prime Minister of Senegal from November 2002 to April Macky Sall (born December 11, 1961) is a Senegalese politician Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré (born 1951) has been the Prime Minister of Senegal since June 2007 Abdou Diouf (Abdu Juuf (born September 7, 1935) was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000 Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. is one of the Departments of Senegal, located in the Louga Region. Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. The Senegalese Democratic Party (Parti Démocratique Sénégalais is a political party in Senegal. Abdoulaye Wade (born May 29 1926 is the third and current President of Senegal, in office since 2000 Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam. Sunni Islam is also referred to as Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamā‘h (Arabic The Maliki Madhhab ( Arabic مالكي) is one of the four schools of Fiqh or religious law within Sunni Islam The Ash'ari theology ( Arabic الأشاعرة al-asha`irah) is a school of early Muslim speculative theology founded by the theologian Abu al-Hasan The Mouride brotherhood ( Muride brotherhood in Wolof الطريقة المريدية Aṭ-Ṭarīqat al-Murīdiyya or simply مريدية Murīdiyya Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Elections Presidents of Senegal 1960-present Léopold Sédar Senghor: 6 September 1960 - 31 December 1980 Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. He is also the Secretary-General of the ruling Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS) and has led the party since it was founded in 1974. The Senegalese Democratic Party (Parti Démocratique Sénégalais is a political party in Senegal. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. [3][4] He ran for president four times, beginning in 1978, before he was elected in 2000. [3]

Contents

Life before politics

Wade was born in Kébémer, Senegal; officially, he was born in 1926,[2] although some claim he was born several years earlier, and the record-keeping of the time is not considered particularly reliable. is one of the Departments of Senegal, located in the Louga Region. [5] He studied and taught law at the lycée Condorcet in France. The Lycée Condorcet is a school founded in 1803 in Paris, France located at 8 rue du Havre in the city's IXe arrondissement. He holds two doctorates in law and economics. A doctorate is an Academic degree that indicates the highest level of academic achievement He was also dean of the law and economics faculty at the University of Dakar in Senegal. Cheikh Anta Diop University ( French: Université Cheikh Anta Diop or UCAD) also known as the University of Dakar, is a University [3] He's currently married to Viviane and has one son, Karim, who is the head of the national agency of Islamic Organization Conference, and a daughter, Sindjely, who participated in many Paris-Dakar rallies. It is considered probable that Wade had other children and that Karim and Sindjely are the legitimate ones. (cf. Souleymane Jules Diop, Wade:The lawyer and the Devil)

Political career

At a summit of the Organization of African Unity in Mogadishu in 1974, Wade told President Léopold Sédar Senghor that he wanted to start a new party, and Senghor agreed to this. The Organisation of African Unity ( OAU) or Organisation de l'Unité Africaine ( OUA) was established on 25 May 1963. Mogadishu ( Somali: Muqdisho, popularly Xamar, Hamar; مقديشو Maqadīshū Sir Léopold Sédar Senghor ( 9 October 1906 20 December 2001) was a Senegalese Poet, politician and cultural theorist who The PDS was founded on 31 July 1974. Events 30 BC - Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian 's forces but most of his army subsequently Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. [6][7] The party adopted liberalism in 1976 due to the introduction of a law permitting the existence of only three parties with three distinct ideologies, two of which were taken by other parties. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal [7] Wade first ran for president in February 1978 against Senghor, taking 17. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) 38% of the vote. [8] Also in 1978, Wade was elected to the National Assembly, where he served until 1980. The National Assembly of Senegal (Assemblée nationale du Sénégal is the lower house of the country's parliament. [4] Subsequently he ran in the presidential elections of 1983 and 1988, taking second place each time, behind Senghor's successor Abdou Diouf. Abdou Diouf (Abdu Juuf (born September 7, 1935) was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000 [8] Following the 1988 election, he was arrested due to protests against the results and received a suspended sentence. Subsequently he went to France, but returned in 1990. Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) [3] In April 1991, he and four other PDS members joined a national unity government along with the ruling Socialist Party (PS); Wade became Minister of State without portfolio. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The Socialist Party of Senegal ( Parti Socialiste du Sénégal, PS is a Political party in Senegal. [9][10] In October 1992, he and the other PDS ministers quit the government due to complaints about the manner in which the PS was said to control the government. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) [9] In the February 1993 presidential election, Wade again took second place, with 32% of the vote, behind Diouf, who won with 58%. [8][9] Following the May 1993 killing of Constitutional Council vice-president Babacar Sèye, Wade, along with other PDS leaders, faced police questioning. [9][11] On October 1, Wade, his wife, and two PDS members of the National Assembly (Abdoulaye Faye and Ousmane Ngom), were charged with complicity in the murder, although they were not held in custody or put on trial. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Ousmane Alioune Ngom (born May 18 1955) is a Senegalese politician who is currently Minister of State for Mines Industry and Small and Medium Enterprises [11] Following riots in February 1994, Wade was arrested along with many others for allegedly threatening state security. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) The charge of complicity in Sèye's murder was dismissed in May 1994, and Wade and his co-defendants began a hunger strike on June 30. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper He and his co-defendants were released on July 4, and the remaining charges were dismissed on August 30. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and [12] Wade rejoined the government as Minister of State in March 1995, but he and the other PDS ministers left again in March 1998. [10]

Wade subsequently spent a year in France, returning to Senegal on October 27, 1999. Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) [13][14] In the first round of the 2000 presidential election, held on February 27, he again took second place, receiving 31% of the vote, but for the first time, Diouf did not win a first round majority,[8] and consequently a second round was held on March 19. A presidential election was held in Senegal in 2000 with the first round on 27 February 2000 and the second round on 19 March 2000 Events 1560 - The Treaty of Berwick, which would expel the French from Scotland, is signed by England and the Congregation Events 1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China. Wade won this round with 58. 49% of the vote,[8][15] having received the support of candidates from the first round, including third place candidate Moustapha Niasse. Moustapha Niasse (born November 4 1939) is a Senegalese politician and diplomat Wade became President on April 1, 2000 and appointed Niasse as his Prime Minister shortly afterwards. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. [15] Wade had to initially cohabit with the PS, which held a majority in the legislature until the PDS and its allies (the Sopi Coalition) won a majority in in the April 2001 parliamentary election. Cohabitation in government occurs in Semi-presidential systems such as France 's system when the President is from a different Political party The Sopi Coalition ( Wolof for Change) is a political alliance in Senegal. An election for the National Assembly of Senegal was held on 29 April 2001.

Wade with U.S. President George W. Bush in July 2003
Wade with U.S. President George W. Bush in July 2003

A new constitution was adopted in 2001, reducing presidential terms to five years following the completion of Wade's seven-year term in 2007. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Wade announced on April 13, 2006 that the next presidential election would be held on February 25, 2007. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. A presidential election was held in Senegal on 25 February 2007. Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. [16]

Wade was nominated as the presidential candidate of the PDS on October 15, 2006. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [17] One of Wade's opponents in this election was his former prime minister Idrissa Seck, who was once considered Wade's protégé, but was arrested in 2005. Idrissa Seck (born August 9, 1959) is a Senegalese politician who was Prime Minister of Senegal from November 2002 to April [18] Final results released on March 11, 2007, showed Wade winning in the first round with 55. Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. 9% of the vote, far ahead of his nearest opponents, Seck with about 15% and Socialist Party leader Ousmane Tanor Dieng with about 13. Ousmane Tanor Dieng (born 1948 is the First Secretary of the Socialist Party of Senegal. 6%. Dieng and another opposition candidate, Abdoulaye Bathily, filed appeals regarding the election, but these were rejected by the Constitutional Council. Abdoulaye Bathily (born 1947 is a Senegalese politician and the Secretary-General of the Democratic League/Movement for the Labour Party (LD/MPT [19] Wade was sworn in for his second term on April 3 at the Leopold Sedar Senghor Stadium in Dakar, with many African leaders and about 60,000 spectators in attendance. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Stade Leopold Senghor is a multi-use Stadium in Dakar, Senegal. [20][21] Critics contend that the Wade regime has been marred by corruption, nepotism and constraints on freedom of the press and other civil liberties. [22][23]

At the July 2007 African Union summit in Accra, Ghana, Wade supported quick formation of the proposed United States of Africa and said: "If we fail to unite, we will become weak, and if we live isolated in countries that are divided, we face the risk of collapsing in the face of stronger and united economies. The African Union (abbreviated AU in English, and UA in its other working languages is a Confederation consisting of 53  African Accra is the capital, and most populous city of Ghana. The city also doubles as the capital of the Greater The Republic of Ghana is a country in West Africa. It borders Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast to the west Burkina Faso to the north Togo to the The United States of Africa is a name sometimes given to one version of the possible future unification of Africa as a national and sovereign Federation of states "[24]


References

  1. ^ Laura Bush hosts Viviane Wade The White House, 6 December 2004
  2. ^ a b World Leaders 2003: Senegal: Personal Background, Encyclopedia of the Nations.
  3. ^ a b c d Profiles of People in Power: The World's Government Leaders (2003), page 457.
  4. ^ a b Profile of Wade at PDS web site (French).
  5. ^ Naomi Schwarz, "Senegal's President Seeks Re-Election Amid Worsening Problems", VOA News, October 16, 2006.
  6. ^ Dominique Mataillet, "Senghor reconnaît le parti de Wade", Jeuneafrique. com, 6 August 2006 (French).
  7. ^ a b Tidiane Dioh, "Sous l'étiquette libérale", Jeuneafrique. com, 21 October 2002 (French).
  8. ^ a b c d e Elections in Senegal, African Elections Database.
  9. ^ a b c d Richard Vengroff and Lucy Creevey, "Senegal: The Evolution of a Quasi Democracy", in Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, pages 207–208.
  10. ^ a b "Rapport des Missions d'Observations des Elections Presidentielles", 2000 election (French).
  11. ^ a b Senegal Human Rights Practices, 1993, U. S. Department of State.
  12. ^ Senegal Human Rights Practices, 1994, U. S. Department of State.
  13. ^ "Senegal: Opposition leader Wade returns to Dakar", AFP (nl. newsbank. com), October 28, 1999.
  14. ^ "Senegal: Opposition leader Wade to meet colleagues on election plan", Radio France Internationale (nl. newsbank. com), October 28, 1999.
  15. ^ a b "Senegal's Wade names prime minister", Reuters, April 2, 2000.
  16. ^ "Senegal elections set for 25 February 2007", Liberal International, Issue 35.
  17. ^ "Wade nominated for February 2007 presidential elections", African Press Agency, October 16, 2006.
  18. ^ "President’s onetime protégé to run for election", IRIN, April 5, 2006.
  19. ^ "Le texte intégral de la décision du Conseil constitutionnel", Agence de Presse Sénégalaise (Seneweb. com), March 11, 2007 (French).
  20. ^ "Senegal's president is inaugurated, as dictators, statesmen look on", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), April 3, 2007.
  21. ^ "Wade sworn in for second term", AFP (IOL), April 3, 2007.
  22. ^ "Analysts ponder Senegalese President's Legacy", Voice of America, March 2, 2007.
  23. ^ Daniel Flynn,"Reggae star Fakoly tells Senegal's Wade 'leave power'", Reuters, December 13, 2007.
  24. ^ Mamadou Ndiaye, "Wade criticises gradual approach to set up AU Government", African Press Agency, July 3, 2007.

See also


Political offices
Preceded by
Abdou Diouf		President of Senegal
2000 – present		Incumbent
Preceded by
Alpha Oumar Konaré		Chairman of the Economic Community of West African States
2001 – 2003		Succeeded by
John Kufuor


Persondata
NAMEWade, Abdoulaye
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION3rd President of Senegal
DATE OF BIRTHMay 29, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTHKébémer, Senegal
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH
Abdou Diouf (Abdu Juuf (born September 7, 1935) was the second President of Senegal, serving from 1981 to 2000 Elections Presidents of Senegal 1960-present Léopold Sédar Senghor: 6 September 1960 - 31 December 1980 Alpha Oumar Konaré (born 2 February 1946) was the President of Mali for two five-year terms (1992 to 2002 and was Chairperson of the African The Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS) is a regional group of fifteen West African countries founded on May 28 John Kofi Agyekum Kufuor (born December 8, 1938) is the current president of Ghana, since January 7 2001. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. is one of the Departments of Senegal, located in the Louga Region. Senegal (le Sénégal officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa.
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