"Emergency 911" displayed on the side of a police car, indicating that 9-1-1 is the number to dial in the event of an emergency.

911 (usually pronounced "nine-one-one") is the emergency telephone number for the North American Numbering Plan (NANP). Many countries' public telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number, sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or occasionally the It is one of eight N11 codes. An N11 code or N11 number (said as "N-one-one" is a special Abbreviated dialing Telephone number within the North American Numbering In some jurisdictions, the use of this number is reserved for true emergency circumstances only. Hoax calls to 9-1-1 may result in a criminal charge. ^[1][2]

Development of 9-1-1

Before the dial telephone came into widespread usage, a caller simply picked up the telephone receiver and waited for the telephone operator to answer "number please?" The caller then said "get me the police," "I want to report a fire," or "I need an ambulance/doctor. Basic principle A traditional landline telephone system also known as "plain old telephone service" (POTS, commonly handles both signaling and audio information " It was usually not necessary to ask for any of these services by number, even in a large city. Furthermore, the operator instantly knew the calling party's number, even if he couldn't stay on the line, by simply looking at the number above the line jack of the calling party.

In small towns, telephone operators frequently went the extra mile by making sure they knew the locations of local doctors, vets, law enforcement personnel, and even private citizens who were willing or able to help in an emergency. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health A veterinarian ( American English) or a Veterinary surgeon ( British English) often shortened to vet, is a Physician A police officer (also known as a policeman or policewoman) is a warranted employee of a Police force. Frequently, the operator also activated the town's fire alarm.

When cities and towns began to convert to dial or, "automatic" telephone service, many people were concerned about the loss of the personalized service that had been provided by local operators. This problem was partially solved by telling people to dial "0" for the local assistance operator if they did not know the Fire or Police Department's full number. Firefighters are rescuers extensively trained primarily to put out hazardous Fires that threaten civilian populations and property to rescue people from car accidents collapsed Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force Generations of school children were taught to "dial 0 in case of emergency," and this situation remained in place in some areas into the early 1980s. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. Children are now taught to call 911 in case of an emergency.

The first North American city to use the 911 emergency number (in 1959) was Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; at the urging of Stephen Juba, mayor of Winnipeg at the time. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Winnipeg (ˈwɪnɨpɛg is the capital and largest city in the Canadian province of Manitoba, and 7th largest municipality in Canada with a population Manitoba (English ˌmænɨˈtoʊbə French /manitoba/ is a province of Canada, spanning 647797 square kilometres (250116  sq mi of North America Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Stephen Juba (born July 1, 1914 in Winnipeg, died May 2, 1993) was a Canadian politician

The push for the development of a nationwide American emergency telephone number came in 1957 when the National Association of Fire Chiefs recommended a single number to be used for reporting fires. In 1967, the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice recommended the creation of a single number that can be used nationwide for reporting emergencies. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. The burden then fell on the Federal Communications Commission, which then met with AT&T in November, 1967 in order to come up with a solution. Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and

In 1968, a solution was agreed upon. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. AT&T had chosen the number 911, which met the requirements that it be brief, easy to remember, dialed easily, and that it worked well with the phone systems in place at the time. Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and How the number 911 itself was chosen is not well known and is subject to much speculation. However, many assert that the number 911 was chosen to be similar to the numbers 2-1-1 (long distance), 4-1-1 (information, later called "directory assistance"), and 6-1-1 (repair service), which had already been in use by AT&T since the 1920's. This article discusses the telephone directory number 411. For the year 411 see 411. For customers of some Telephone companies in Canada and in the U Also, it was necessary to ensure that the 9-1-1 number was not dialed accidentally, so 9-1-1 made sense because the numbers "9" and "1" were on opposite ends of a phone's rotary dial. The rotary dial is a device mounted on or in a Telephone or switchboard that is designed to send interrupted electrical pulses, known as Pulse dialing

Furthermore, the North American Numbering Plan in use at the time established rules for which numbers can be used for area codes and exchanges. A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks In the field of Telecommunications, a telephone exchange or telephone switch is a system of electronic components that connects telephone calls At the time, the middle digit of an area code had to be either a 0 or 1, and the first two digits of an exchange could not be a 1. At the telephone switching station, the second dialed digit was used to determine if the number was long distance or local. If the number had a 0 or 1 as the second digit, it was long distance, and it was a local call if it was any other number. Thus, since the number 911 was detected by the switching equipment as a special number, it could be routed appropriately. Also, since 911 was a unique number, never having been used as an area code or service code (although at one point GTE used test numbers such as 11911), it could fit into the phone system easily. GTE Corporation (formerly General Telephone & Electronics Corporation) was the largest of the "independent" US Telephone companies during

AT&T announced the selection of 9-1-1 as their choice of the three-digit emergency number at a press conference in the Washington (DC) office of Indiana Rep. The State of Indiana ( was the 19th US state admitted into the union J. Edward Roush, who had championed Congressional support of a single emergency number. Userpolbot from http//bioguidecongressgov/scripts/biodisplaypl?index=R000467

In Alabama, Bob Gallagher, president of the independent Alabama Telephone Company, read an article in the Wall Street Journal from January 15, 1968, which reported the AT&T 911 announcement. Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Gallagher’s competitive spirit motivated him to beat AT&T to the punch by being the first to implement the 911 service, somewhere within the Alabama Telephone Co. territory. He contacted Robert Fitzgerald, who was Inside State Plant Manager for ATC, who in turn recommended Haleyville, Alabama as the prime site. Haleyville is a city in Marion and Winston Counties in the US Gallagher later issued a press release announcing that the 911 service would begin in Haleyville on Feb. 16, 1968. Fitzgerald designed the circuitry, and with the assistance of technicians Jimmy White, Glenn Johnston, Al Bush and Pete Gosa, they quickly completed the central office work and installation. An electronic circuit is a closed path formed by the interconnection of Electronic components through which an Electric current can flow ^[3]

Just 35 days after AT&T's announcement, on February 16, 1968, the first-ever 9-1-1 call was placed by Alabama Speaker of the House Rankin Fite from Haleyville City Hall to U. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. S. Rep. Tom Bevill (Democrat) at the city's police station. Tom Bevill ( March 27, 1921 &ndash March 28, 2005) a Democrat, was a fifteen-term U Bevill reportedly answered the phone with "Hello. " Attending with Fite was Haleyville mayor James Whitt. At the police station with Bevill were Gallagher and Alabama Public Service Commission director Eugene "Bull" Connor (formerly the Birmingham police chief who violently resisted federal desegregation). The Alabama Public Service Commission is a body of three elected members a President and two Commissioners who each serve 4-year terms Theophilus Eugene "Bull" Connor ( July 11 1897, Selma Alabama &ndash March 10 1973) was Birmingham (ˈbɝmɪŋhæm is the largest City in the US state of Alabama and is the County seat of Jefferson County. Fitzgerald was at the ATC central office serving Haleyville, and actually observed the call pass through the switching gear, as the mechanical equipment clunked out "9-1-1. " The phone used to answer the first 911 call, a bright red model, is now in a museum in Haleyville, while a duplicate phone is still in use at the police station. A police station (also called stationhouse) is a Building which serves as the Headquarters of a Police force or unit which serves a specific

In 1973, the White House urged nationwide adoption of 911, but widespread adoption was slowed by the public's traditional reliance upon the live human operators which AT&T continued to make available at no cost to anyone who dialed '0' from any telephone. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence It wasn't until AT&T was broken up into seven regional operating companies as a result of anti-trust action on January 1, 1984 that no-cost access to human operators began to become increasingly unavailable and cities and counties began to perceive a real need to spend the money to create 911 call centers to support the emergency number. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) "9-1-1 Emergency Telephone Number Day" was proclaimed by U. S. President Ronald Reagan in 1987 to encourage adoption across the country. Year 1987 ( MCMLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar) In 1999, President Bill Clinton signed the bill that designated 911 as the nationwide emergency number. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Even though 9-1-1 was first introduced in 1968, as of 2008 the network still does not completely cover some rural areas of the United States and Canada. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Rural areas can be large and isolated (also referred to as "the country" and/or "the countryside over the course of time The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page

9-1-1 on cellphones

Most cellphones display "Attempting emergency call" whenever 9-1-1 is dialed. Sometimes it says "Emergency. "

Location can typically be determined by the wireless carrier but in the United States passing this location information requires the 9-1-1 dispatch center (PSAP) to upgrade its equipment. The public perception is that one's mobile phone can be located, this capability is very different state to state and in some cases county to county.

9-1-1 Emergency Telephone Number Day

9-1-1 Emergency Telephone Number Day was proclaimed, by U. S. President Ronald Reagan in 1987, to occur on the 11th day of September of that year. Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul ^[4] The proclamation was made to promote the North American universal emergency telephone number 9-1-1. Many countries' public telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number, sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or occasionally the

Until 2001, September 11 was celebrated by many United States communities as "9-1-1 emergency number day" or simply "911 day". Events 9 - The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The promotional effort was often led by firefighters and the police. Firefighters are rescuers extensively trained primarily to put out hazardous Fires that threaten civilian populations and property to rescue people from car accidents collapsed Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force After the September 11, 2001 attacks, the reminders of 9-1-1 were dropped in favor of remembrance of the victims of the attacks.

Another way of recognizing the efforts of the people involved in 9-1-1, and Public Safety Communications in-general, is National Public Safety Telecommunications Week (or as it is commonly called, Dispatchers' Week), which occurs during the second week in April. Public security Public safety involves the prevention of and protection from events that could endanger the Safety of the general public from significant Danger Dispatchers are communications personnel responsible for receiving and transmitting pure and reliable messages tracking vehicles and equipment and recording other important information

Funding

9-1-1 and enhanced 9-1-1 are typically funded pursuant to state laws that impose monthly fees on local and wireless telephone customers. Depending on the state, counties and cities may also levy a fee, which may be in addition to, or in lieu of, the state fee. The fees are collected by local exchange and wireless carriers through monthly surcharges on customer telephone bills. The collected fees are remitted to 911 administrative bodies, which may be a statewide 911 board, the state public utility commission, a state revenue department, or local 911 agencies. These agencies disburse the funds to the Public Safety Answering Points for 911 purposes as specified in the various statutes. Telephone companies, including wireless carriers, may be entitled to apply for and receive reimbursements for costs of compliance with federal and state laws requiring that their networks be compatible with 9-1-1 and enhanced 9-1-1. A telephone company (or telco) provides Telecommunications services such as Telephony and Data communications Most of the largest telcos whatever

The amount of the fees vary widely by locality. Fees may range from around $. 25 per month to $3. 00 per month per line. The average wireless 9-1-1 fee in the United States is around $. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 72, which is based on the fees for each state as published by the National Emergency Number Association (NENA). The National Emergency Number Association (NENA is an organization whose mission it is to foster the technological advancement availability and implementation of a universal Emergency Since the monthly fees do not vary by the customer's usage of the network, the fees are considered, in tax terms, as highly "regressive", i. e. , the fees disproportionately burden low-volume users of the public switched network (PSN) as compared with high-volume users. Some states cap the number of lines subject to the fee for large multi-line businesses, thereby shifting more of the fee burden to low-volume single-line residential customers or wireless customers.

Congress in 2004 authorized $250,000,000 USD in annual funding for the 9-1-1 program, but actual federal appropriations to state and local 9-1-1 agencies are yet to occur (as of June 2006). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "

Locating callers automatically

A view of the Jefferson County, Washington Public Safety Answering Point. Jefferson County is a County located in the US state of Washington and named after Thomas Jefferson.

Main article: Enhanced 911

In over 98% of locations in the United States and Canada, dialing "911" from any telephone will link the caller to an emergency dispatch center—called a PSAP, or Public Safety Answering Point, by the telecom industry—which can send emergency responders to the caller's location in an emergency. Enhanced 9-1-1 or E9-1-1 service is a North American telecommunications based system that automatically associates a physical address with the calling party's telephone Emergency services are organizations which ensure Public safety by addressing different emergencies In most areas (approximately 96% of the US) enhanced 911 is available, which automatically gives dispatch the caller's location, if available. Enhanced 9-1-1 or E9-1-1 service is a North American telecommunications based system that automatically associates a physical address with the calling party's telephone Users should never be fooled into thinking that the information the 911 operator has on the caller's location or phone number is accurate. A telephone number or phone number is a sequence of numbers used to call from one Telephone line to another in a Telephone network. It is of paramount importance for the caller to verify their location and phone number in order to ensure help gets to the right location.

Dialing 9-1-1 from a mobile phone (Cellular/PCS) in the United States originally reached the state police or highway patrol, instead of the local public safety answering point (PSAP). The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force A highway patrol is either a Police agency created primarily for the purpose of overseeing and enforcing Traffic safety Compliance on roads and highways The caller had to describe his/her exact location so that the agency could transfer the call to the correct local emergency services. Emergency services are organizations which ensure Public safety by addressing different emergencies This happens because the exact location of the cellular phone isn't normally transmitted with the voice call.

In 2000, the FCC issued an order requiring wireless carriers to determine and transmit the location of callers who dial 9-1-1. They set up a phased program: Phase I transmitted the location of the receiving antenna for 9-1-1 calls, while Phase II transmitted the location of the calling telephone. The order set up certain accuracy requirements and other technical details, and milestones for completing the implementation of wireless location services. Subsequent to the FCC's order, many wireless carriers requested waivers of the milestones, and the FCC granted many of them. A waiver is the voluntary relinquishment or Surrender of some known Right or Privilege. As of mid-2005, the process of Phase II implementation is generally underway, but limited by the complexity of coordination required between wireless carriers, PSAPs, local telephone companies and other affected government agencies, and the limited funding available to local agencies for the conversion of PSAP equipment to display the location data (usually on computerized maps). Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A government agency is a permanent or semi-permanent organization in the Machinery of government that is responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. A map is a visual representation of an area—a symbolic depiction highlighting relationships between elements of that space such as objects, Regions, and Themes

These FCC rules require new mobile phones to provide their latitude and longitude to emergency operators in the event of a 911 call. Latitude, usually denoted symbolically by the Greek letter phi ( Φ) gives the location of a place on Earth (or other planetary body north or south of the Longitude (ˈlɒndʒɪˌtjuːd or ˈlɒŋgɪˌtjuːd symbolized by the Greek character Lambda (λ is the east-west Geographic coordinate measurement Carriers may choose whether to implement this via GPS chips in each phone, or via triangulation between cell towers. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth Microchipsjpg|right|thumb|200px|Microchips ( EPROM memory with a transparent window showing the integrated circuit inside In Trigonometry and Geometry, triangulation is the process of determining the location of a point by measuring angles to it from known points at either Towers are tall human-made Structures that are always taller than they are wide usually by a significant Margin. In addition, the rules require carriers to connect 911 calls from any mobile phone, regardless of whether that phone is currently active. Due to limitations in technology (of the mobile phone, cellular phone towers, and PSAP equipment), a mobile caller's geographical information may not always be available to the local PSAP. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geografia) is the study of the Earth and its lands features inhabitants and phenomena Although there are other ways, in addition to those previously stated, in which to obtain the geographical location of the caller, the caller should try to be aware of the location of the incident for which they are calling.

In the U. S. , FCC rules require every telephone that can physically access the network to be able to dial 911, regardless of any reason that normal service may have been disconnected (including non-payment). A payment is the transfer of wealth from one party (such as a person or company to another On wired (land line) phones, this usually is accomplished by a "soft" dial tone, which sounds normal, but will only allow emergency calls. A landline, main line or fixed-line is a Telephone line which travels through a solid medium either metal Wire or Optical fibre A dial tone (known in the British Isles as a dialling tone) is a Telephony signal used to indicate that the Telephone exchange is working Often, an unused and unpublished phone number will be issued to the line so that it will work properly. A telephone number or phone number is a sequence of numbers used to call from one Telephone line to another in a Telephone network.

If 911 is dialed from a commercial VoIP service, depending on how the provider handles such calls, the call may not go anywhere at all, or it may go to a non-emergency number at the public safety answering point associated with the billing or service address of the caller. Voice-over-Internet protocol ( VoIP, vɔɪp is a protocol optimized for the transmission of voice through the Internet Because a VoIP adapter can be plugged into any broadband internet connection, the caller could actually be hundreds or even thousands of miles away from home, yet if the call goes to an answering point at all, it would be the one associated with the caller's address and not the actual location. The term broadband can have different meanings in different contexts It may never be possible to accurately pinpoint the exact location of a VoIP user (even if a GPS receiver is installed in the VoIP adapter, it will likely be indoors, and may not be able to get a signal), so users should be aware of this limitation and make other arrangements for summoning assistance in an emergency.

In March 2005, commercial Internet telephony provider Vonage was sued by the Texas attorney general, who alleged that their website and other sales and service documentation did not make clear enough that Vonage's provision of 911 service was not done in the traditional manner. Voice-over-Internet protocol ( VoIP, vɔɪp is a protocol optimized for the transmission of voice through the Internet Vonage ( (ˈvɑːnɪdʒ is a publicly-held commercial Voice over IP (VoIP network and SIP company that provides Telephone service Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. In most Common law jurisdictions the Attorney General, or Attorney-General, is the main legal advisor to the government and in some jurisdictions may in addition

In May 2005 the FCC issued an Order requiring VoIP providers to offer 9-1-1 service to all their subscribers within 120 days of the Order being published. The order has set off anxiety among many VoIP providers, who feel it will be too expensive and require them to adopt solutions that won't support future VoIP products.

Problems

There are some issues with the assignment of the number 9-1-1.

Nine-One-One or Nine-Eleven?

When the 9-1-1 system was originally introduced, it was advertised as the "nine-eleven" service. This was changed when some panicked individuals tried to find the "eleven key" on their telephones. Therefore, all references to the telephone number 9-1-1 are now always made as nine-one-one — never as "nine-eleven" per standards outlined by the National Emergency Number Association (NENA). The National Emergency Number Association (NENA is an organization whose mission it is to foster the technological advancement availability and implementation of a universal Emergency Some newspapers and other media require that references to the phone number be formatted as 9-1-1, also a suggested standard by NENA. Since September 11, 2001, "nine-eleven" is used almost exclusively to refer to the September 11, 2001 attacks, but is also used for the Porsche 911 sports car. The Porsche 911 (pronounced as Nine Eleven, Neunelfer is a Sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany In Spanish, 9-1-1 is known as "novecientos once", which means "nine hundred eleven" and rarely as "nueve uno uno".

Dialing patterns

In particular, it can cause some dialing-pattern problems in hotels and businesses. Some hotels, for example, have been known to require dialing "91+" to make an outside call. This leads to calls that look like 91+1+301+555+2368. Since this is a valid number, which starts with 911, and is not a call to an emergency service, a timeout becomes necessary on calls dialed literally as 911. Such prefixes are strongly discouraged by telephone companies. This is also part of the reason why no area codes start with a "1": the slightly less troublesome "outside line" prefix of "9+" would then cause the same problem: "9+114+555+2368", for example. This can still be an issue with long distance calling, which would start "9+1+" and provides the opportunity for misdialing the "1" twice. Another possible problem is that the international phone code for India is "91", and sometimes calls meant for India end up at the local emergency dispatch office if the caller did not dial the international call prefix 011. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Every country has both a country calling code used to dial into a country and an international call prefix or international access code used to dial out

Emergencies across jurisdictions

When a caller dials 9-1-1, the call is routed to the local public safety answering point. However, if the caller is attempting to notify authorities in another jurisdiction of an emergency in the area, the process can be complicated. For example, a caller in Dallas, Texas aware of an emergency occurring in Little Rock, Arkansas would have access to 9-1-1 only in Dallas, whose dispatchers may or may not know how to contact the proper authorities in Little Rock. Little Rock is the Capital and the most populous city of the U The publicly posted phone numbers for most police departments in the U. S. are non-emergency numbers that often specifically instruct callers to dial 9-1-1 in case of emergency, which does not resolve the issue for callers outside of the jurisdiction. In the age of both commercial and personal high speed Internet communications, this issue is becoming an increasing problem. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks

The FBI, however, has combated this problem by listing an on-line directory of all law enforcement agencies in the United States. This directory is available only to agencies with access to the NCIC/NLETS database, but allows dispatchers to quickly locate after-hour numbers for cross-jurisdictional agencies. The query has been named ORION. Not all local law enforcement agencies have access to this directory, however. [2]

International emergency numbers and numbers in other countries

See also: Emergency telephone number

There is no worldwide common emergency number and 911 doesn't work in most countries outside of the U. Many countries' public telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number, sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or occasionally the S. and Canada. Other common emergency numbers are 112 and 999. 999 is the United Kingdom 's and Ireland's official Emergency telephone number and Poland 's medical emergency number 911 is used so pervasively in U. S. and Canadian media programming and safety education material, in the case the materials are exported to countries which emergency number is not 911, the countries sometimes had difficulty in educating children not to dial 911 for help. "Popular press" redirects here note that the University of Wisconsin Press publishes under the imprint "The Popular Press" Safety is the state of being "safe" (from French sauf) the condition of being protected against physical social spiritual financial political Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency An example of this is Uruguay, where the emergency number was traditionally 999, but was changed to 911 in 2001 after many cases where people dialed 911 instead of 999 during an emergency. This was because of the popularity in the country of US television programs and movies which routinely mention 911 as the emergency number to dial. ^[5]

In 1991, the European Union established 1-1-2 as the universal emergency number for all its member states. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in In most E. U. countries, 1-1-2 is already implemented and can be called toll-free from any telephone or any cellphone. The GSM mobile phone standard designates 1-1-2 as an emergency number, so it will work on such systems even in North America. In the UK and Republic of Ireland, the number is 9-9-9 with 1-1-2 working in parallel. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

In Ireland, and in the Philippines, dialing 9-1-1 will forward you to the emergency line as well. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP

See also

• 000 Emergency phone number in Australia.
• 111 Emergency phone number in New Zealand.
• 112 Emergency phone number across the European Union and on GSM mobile networks across the world. The European Union ( EU) is a political and economic union of twenty-seven member states, located primarily in GSM ( Global System for Mobile communications: originally from Groupe Spécial Mobile) is the most popular standard for Mobile phones in the
• 119 Emergency phone number in parts of East Asia.
• 311 Non-emergencies telephone in US and Canada. For alternate uses please see 311 (disambiguation. The non-emergency telephone number 3-1-1 is a special N-1-1
• 999 Emergency phone number in Ireland, Poland and United Kingdom (where it works parallel to 112). 999 is the United Kingdom 's and Ireland's official Emergency telephone number and Poland 's medical emergency number Also an emergency number in several non-EU countries.
• eCall
• Emergency telephone
• Emergency telephone number
• Enhanced 911
• In case of emergency (ICE) entry in the mobile phone book. eCall is a project of the European Commission intended to bring rapid assistance to Motorists involved in a collision anywhere in the European Union. An Emergency telephone is a phone specifically provided for making calls to emergency services and is most often found in a place of special danger or where it is likely that Many countries' public telephone networks have a single emergency telephone number, sometimes known as the universal emergency telephone number or occasionally the Enhanced 9-1-1 or E9-1-1 service is a North American telecommunications based system that automatically associates a physical address with the calling party's telephone In case of emergency ( ICE) is a program that enables first responders such as Paramedics Firefighters and Police officers to identify victims

References

External links

• 9-1-1 Industry Alliance Web Site
• Complete Source for PBX E911 related information
• FCC rules on wireless 911 service
• How to Use 911
• KnoWhat2Do: 911 Emergency
• National Emergency Number Association: Development of 9-1-1
• Emergency Numbers Around the World from 911dispatch. com