Citizendia

Millennium:1st millennium BC
Centuries:6th century BC · 5th century BC · 4th century BC
Decades:490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC
440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC
Categories:Births – Deaths
Establishments – Disestablishments

The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC. A millennium (pl millennia) is a period of Time equal to one thousand Years (from Latin la mille, thousand and la annum The 1st millennium BC encompasses the Iron Age and sees the rise of successive empires A century (from the Latin centum, meaning one hundred is One hundred consecutive Years Centuries are numbered ordinally (e The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. See also List of centuries, History This is a list of Decades in history including links to corresponding articles with more information about them Births 496 BC — Sophocles, Athenian Dramatist and Statesman c Births 484 BC — Herodotus, Greek Historian 484 BC — Achaeus of Eretria, a Greek Events and trends 479 BC — The Battle of Plataea, the Greeks defeat the Persians, ending the Persian Wars. Events and trends 468 BC — Sophocles, Greek Playwright, defeats Aeschylus for the Athenian Prize. Events and trends 459 BC — Destruction of the Sicilian town of Morgantina by Douketios, leader of the Sikels, according Events and trends 449 BC — Construction begins on the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens. Events and trends 439 BC — Cincinnatus again became dictator of the Roman Republic, during which he defeated the Volsci Events and trends Peloponnesian War 429 BC — Battle of Chalcis — Chalcidians and their allies defeat Athens Events and trends Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta Births Deaths Events By place Persian empire Cyrus the Younger uses a quarrel with Tissaphernes over the Ionian cities as a pretext

Contents

Overview

The Parthenon of Athens seen from the hill of the Pnyx to the west. Location 23°43'35.69"E 37°58'17.39"N
The Parthenon of Athens seen from the hill of the Pnyx to the west. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Location 23°43'35. 69"E 37°58'17. 39"N

This century saw the beginning of a period of philosophical brilliance among advanced civilizations, particularly the Greeks which would continue all the way through the 4th century until the time of Alexander the Great. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' Ancient Greek philosophy developed during the 5th century BC, setting the foundation for Western ideology. The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Ancient Greek philosophy focused on the role of Reason and Inquiry. In Athens and elsewhere in the Mediterranean world, the 5th century marked a high point in the development of political institutions, art, architecture, and literature. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's

The century was also notable for the Persian Wars, fought between the Greek cities, and the vast Persian Empire. The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Determined to punish Athens for supporting a revolt by conquered Greek cities in Asia Minor, King Darius I sent sent several armies against them, only to have his plans first thwarted by a storm and later by a defeat at the Battle of Marathon. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Anatolia (Anadolu Ανατολία Anatolía) or Asia minor, comprising most of modern Turkey, is the geographic region bounded by the Black Darius I the Great (c 549 BC&ndash486 BC 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 Dārayavahuš: "Possessing goodness" Having ascended to power amidst controversy and bloodshed The Battle of Marathon ( Greek: Μάχη τοῡ Μαραθῶνος Machē tou Marathōnos) during the Greco-Persian Wars took place in 490 His son Xerxes attempted to finish the job 10 years later, and succeeded in capturing Athens and burning it to the ground, only to be defeated later on land at Plataea. Xerxes I of Persia was a King of Persia (reigned 485–465 BC of the Achaemenid dynasty. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's For the Geometer moth Genus, see Plataea (moth. Plataea or Plataeae was an ancient city located in Greece In the latter part of the century the Greeks became locked in a bitter war among themselves, with the major cities Athens and Sparta competing for absolute domination. Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's The city of Sparta ( Doric Σπάρτα Attic Σπάρτη

Evidence

The events of the 5th century BC come down to us mainly through the works of the Greek historian Herodotus, who does much to explain the Persian Wars. Herodotus of Halicarnassus ( Greek: Hēródotos Halikarnāsseús) was a Greek Historian who lived in the 5th century BC ( 484 BC&ndash For Chinese history there is the Zuo Zhuan historical text of Zuo Qiuming, compiled no later than 389 BC, as well as the Shiji historical text of historian Sima Qian, completed in 91 BC. The Zuo Zhuan ( translated as the Chronicle of Zuo or the Commentary of Zuo, is the earliest Chinese work of narrative history and Zǔo Qīumíng ( fl 5th century BC) was a court writer of the State of Lu, and contemporary of Confucius during the Spring and Autumn period Events By place Greece A Spartan expeditionary force under King Agesilaus II crosses the Gulf of Corinth to attack The Records of the Grand Historian, also known in English by the Chinese name 史記 or Shiji, written from 109 BC to 91 BC Early life and education Sima Qian was born and grew up in Longmen, near present-day Hancheng Shaanxi. Year 91 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Sextus Julius Caesar and

Events

490s BC

480s BC

470s BC

460s BC

450s BC

440s BC

430s BC

420s BC

410s BC

400s BC

Significant persons

Standing Buddha, ancient region of Gandhara, northern Pakistan, 1st century AD, Musée Guimet.
Standing Buddha, ancient region of Gandhara, northern Pakistan, 1st century AD, Musée Guimet. Siddhārtha Gautama ( Sanskrit; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama) was a spiritual Teacher from Ancient India and the founder Gandhāra ( Sanskrit: गन्धार Urdu: گندھارا Gandḥārā; also known as Waihind in Persian is the name of an ancient Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Guimet Museum (French Musée national des Arts asiatiques-Guimet or Musée Guimet) is a museum of Asian art located at 6 place d'Iéna in the

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

Decades and years

>d • e
Centuries and millennia
MillenniumCentury
BC
4th40th39th38th37th36th35th34th33rd32nd31st
3rd30th29th28th27th26th25th24th23rd22nd21st
2nd20th19th18th17th16th15th14th13th12th11th
1st10th9th8th7th6th5th4th3rd2nd1st
AD
1st1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th
2nd11th12th13th14th15th16th17th18th19th20th
3rd21st22nd23rd24th25th26th27th28th29th30th
4th31st
A century (from the Latin centum, meaning one hundred is One hundred consecutive Years Centuries are numbered ordinally (e A millennium (pl millennia) is a period of Time equal to one thousand Years (from Latin la mille, thousand and la annum The 4th millennium BC saw major changes in human culture It marks the beginning of the Bronze Age and of Writing. Events Start of Naqada culture in Egypt 4000 BC — Early Jomon period begins on the islands of Japan Events The Sweet Track, an ancient Causeway in the Somerset Levels, England, one of the oldest engineered Roads discovered Decades and years Mythology Antediluvian period ( Jewish mythology) September 25, 3760 BC — First Events Beginning of the Early Minoan period on Crete Significant persons Events Civilization of Sumer (? Ggantija, Malta Mnajdra solar temple complex Malta The 35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age. Cultures c 3400 BC — Sumerian temple record keepers redesign the Stamp seal in the form of a cylinder Events The Great God "Krishna" who is worshiped in all forms as a boy lover warrior brother king teacher son husband etc Events c 3150 BC — According to the legend Narmer ( First Dynasty) started to rule in Ancient Egypt. Events c 3100 BC — Narmer (Menes unifies Upper and Lower Egypt into one country he rules this new country from Memphis The 3rd millennium BC spans the Early to Middle Bronze Age. It represents a period of time in which Imperialism, or the desire to conquer grew to prominence The 30th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 3000 BC to 2901 BC The 29th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2900 BC to 2801 BC The 28th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2800 BC to 2701 BC The 27th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2700 BC to 2601 BC The 26th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2600 BC to 2501 BC The 25th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2500 BC to 2401 BC The 24th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2400 BC to 2301 BC The 23rd century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2300 BC to 2201 BC The 22nd century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2200 BC to 2101 BC The 21st century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2100 BC to 2001 BC The 2nd millennium BC marks the transition from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age. The 20th century BC is a Century which lasted from the year 2000 BC to 1901 BC The 19th century BC was the century which lasted from 1900 BC to 1801 BC The 18th century BC was the Century which lasted from 1800 BC to 1701 BC The 17th century BC is a Century which lasted from 1700 BC to 1601 BC The 1st millennium BC encompasses the Iron Age and sees the rise of successive empires The 9th century BC started the first day of 900 BC and ended the last day of 801 BC The 8th century BC started the first day of 800 BC and ended the last day of 701 BC. The 7th century BC started the first day of 700 BC and ended the last day of 601 BC. The 6th century BC started the first day of 600 BC and ended the last day of 501 BC. The 4th century BC started the first day of 400 BC and ended the last day of 301 BC. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The 2nd century BC started the first day of 200 BC and ended the last day of 101 BC. The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. The first millennium is a period of time that commenced on January 1, 1, and ended on December 31, 1000, of the Julian calendar. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in Anno Domini / Common Era. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The second millennium is a period of time that commenced on January 1, 1001, and ended on December 31, 2000. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar The 18th century lasted from 1701 to 1800 in the Gregorian calendar, in accordance with the Anno Domini / Common Era numbering system The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar The twentieth century of the Common Era began on The third millennium is a period of time that commenced on January 1, 2001, and will end on December 31, 3000, of the Gregorian calendar The 21st century is the current century of the Christian Era or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The 22nd century of the Common Era will span the years 2101&ndash2200 of the Gregorian calendar. The 23rd century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2201&ndash2300 of the Gregorian calendar. The 24th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2301&ndash2400 of the Gregorian calendar. The 25th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2401–2500 of the Gregorian calendar. The 26th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2501&ndash2600 of the Gregorian calendar. The 27th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2601&ndash2700 of the Gregorian calendar. The 28th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2701–2800 of the Gregorian calendar. The 29th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2801–2900 of the Gregorian calendar. The 30th century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 2901&ndash3000 of the Gregorian calendar. The 31st century of the Anno Domini ( common) era will span the years 3001&ndash3100 of the Gregorian calendar.
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