Citizendia

Games of the XXIII Olympiad
Games of the XXIII Olympiad

Host cityLos Angeles, California, USA
Nations participating140
Athletes participating6,797
(5,230 men, 1,567 women)
Events221 in 23 sports
Opening ceremonyJuly 28
Closing ceremonyAugust 12
Officially opened byPresident Ronald Reagan
Athlete's OathEdwin Moses (athlete)
Judge's OathSharon Weber
Olympic TorchRafer Johnson (decathlete)
StadiumLos Angeles Memorial Coliseum
 Music sample:

"Olympic Fanfare and Theme"

composed by John Williams for the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles
Problems listening to the file? See media help. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Olympic sports comprise all the Sports contested in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. Events 1099 - First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon - Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The Olympic Oath is taken by one athlete and one judge at the opening ceremonies of each Olympic Games. The Olympic Oath is taken by one athlete and one judge at the opening ceremonies of each Olympic Games. The Olympic Flame or Olympic Torch is a Symbol of the Olympic Games. Rafer Lewis Johnson (born August 18, 1935) is a former American decathlete. The Olympic Stadium is the name usually given to the big centrepiece Stadium of the Summer Olympic Games. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is a large outdoor sports Stadium in the University Park neighborhood of Los Angeles California at Exposition John Towner Williams (born February 8 1932) is an American Composer, conductor and Pianist.

The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, were celebrated in 1984 in Los Angeles, California, United States. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Los Angeles was selected on May 18, 1978 on the 79th IOC session at Athens, Greece, without voting, because it was the only city that entered a bid to host the 1984 Summer Olympics. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine. Year 1978 ( MCMLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar) This is the list of International Olympic Committee (IOC meetings Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Many blamed this on the massive cost overruns of the 1976 Summer Olympics hosted in Montreal. Cost overrun is defined as excess of actual Cost over Budget. The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec

In view of the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, the Soviet-led boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics caused 14 Eastern Bloc countries and allies including the Soviet Union, Cuba and East Germany (but not Romania) to boycott these Olympics. The 1980 Summer Olympics boycott of the Moscow Olympics was a part of a package of actions to protest the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of The Soviet-led boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, United States followed the American-led boycott of the 1980 During the Cold War, the term Communist Bloc (or Soviet Bloc) was used to refer to the Soviet Union and countries it either controlled or that were The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Romania ( dated: Rumania, Roumania For differing reasons, Iran and Libya also boycotted. The USSR announced its intention not to participate on May 8, 1984, citing security concerns and stating, that "chauvinistic sentiments and an anti-Soviet hysteria being whipped up in the United States"[1]. Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) The Los Angeles boycott influenced a large number of events that were normally dominated by the absent countries. Boycotting countries organized another major event in July-August 1984, called the Friendship Games. The Friendship Games or Druzhba Games or Druzhba-84 Competition was an international multisport event that was held in 1984 in nine different countries

The host state of California was the home state of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, who opened the games. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by The official mascot specially designed for the games was Sam the Olympic Eagle. Sam the Olympic Eagle was the mascot of the 1984 Summer Olympics which were held in Los Angeles.

Contents

Torch Relay

The 1984 Olympic Torch Relay began in New York City and ended in Los Angeles, traversing 33 states and Washington, DC. Unlike later torch relays the torch was always carried by runners on foot. It covered more than 9,320 mi (15,000 km) and involved 3616 different runners, including 200 runners from the sponsoring company AT&T.

Rafer Johnson, winner of the decathlon at the 1960 Summer Olympics, was the final torch relay runner. Rafer Lewis Johnson (born August 18, 1935) is a former American decathlete. The decathlon is an Athletic event consisting of ten Track and field events He used the Olympic Torch to activate a specially-built Olympic Logo whose flame would circle around the five Olympic Rings. The cauldron above the logo was later activated by a switch used inside the press box of the Coliseum.

Music

John Williams composed the theme for the Olympiad, Olympic Fanfare and Theme. John Towner Williams (born February 8 1932) is an American Composer, conductor and Pianist. The Olympic symbols are the icons Flags and symbols used by the International Olympic Committee to promote the Olympic Games. The song won a Grammy Award for Williams and became one of the commonly known musical themes for the Olympic Games, along with Leo Arnaud's Bugler's Dream which is still used today as the main theme and is sometimes attached to the beginning of Olympic Fanfare and Theme. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Leo Arnaud or Léo Arnaud ( July 24, 1904 &ndash April 26, 1991) (ˈleɪ Leo Arnaud or Léo Arnaud ( July 24, 1904 &ndash April 26, 1991) (ˈleɪ The famous Brazilian composer Sergio Mendes also composed a special song for the 1984 Olympic Games "Olympia" from his 1984 album Confetti. Sérgio Santos Mendes, pron. 'sɛxʒiu 'sɐ̃tus 'mẽ'dʒis (born February 11, 1941 in Niterói, Brazil) is a Grammy Award Confetti is an album from 1984 by Sérgio Mendes. It features the vocal talents of Joe Pizzulo, Gracinha Leporace, and many other notable A choir of several hundred voices was assembled of singers in the region. For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers All were volunteers from nearby churches, schools and universities.

Highlights

Venues

Los Angeles venues

Southern California venues

Other venues

Medals awarded

See the medal winners, ordered by sport:

Demonstration sports

Medal count

Main article: 1984 Summer Olympics medal count

These are the top medal-collecting nations for the 1984 Games. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is a large outdoor sports Stadium in the University Park neighborhood of Los Angeles California at Exposition The Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena is a multipurpose sports Arena in the University Park neighborhood of Los Angeles California at Exposition Dodger Stadium is a large outdoor ballpark in Los Angeles California at Chávez Ravine. Edwin W Pauley Pavilion, informally and commonly known as Pauley Pavilion, is an indoor arena located on the campus of UCLA in Los Angeles California The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United California State University Los Angeles (also known as Cal State L The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly The University of Southern California (commonly referred to as USC, SC, Southern California, and incorrectly The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United The University of California Los Angeles (generally known as UCLA) is a public research university located in Westwood Los Angeles, California, United Loyola Marymount University (LMU is a comprehensive co-educational private Roman Catholic Jesuit university in Los Angeles California, United States Westchester is a neighborhood in western part of Los Angeles California. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The El Dorado Park neighborhood of Long Beach California is on the east side of the city adjacent to the large El Dorado Regional Park The Forum, known for a time as the Great Western Forum, is an indoor arena in Inglewood California, a suburb of Los Angeles. Inglewood is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County California, southwest of downtown Los Angeles. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Lake Casitas is a Lake in Ventura County California. It was formed by Casitas Dam on Coyote Creek, two miles (3 km before it joins the Ventura River Ventura County is a county in the southern part of the US state of California ( Southern California) California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. "To educate is to give vision to the blind speech to the voiceless empowerment to the disenfranchised Carson is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. History Santa Anita Park was opened on December 25 1934 and is the oldest racetrack in Southern California Arcadia is a US city in Los Angeles County California that is located about northeast of downtown Los Angeles in the San Gabriel Valley California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center is a Convention center located in Long Beach California. Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Rose Bowl is an outdoor football Stadium in Pasadena California, near Los Angeles. Pasadena ( is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Titan Gym is a 3500-seat multi-purpose Arena in Fullerton California. California State University Fullerton, commonly known as CSUF, CSU Fullerton, or Cal State Fullerton, is currently the largest California State Fullerton is a City located in northern Orange County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Weingart Stadium (formerly ELAC Stadium) is a 20355-seat multipurpose stadium located at East Los Angeles College 1301 Avenida Cesar Chavez Los Angeles CA 91754 East Los Angeles College is a Community college, of the Los Angeles Community College District, located in the Los Angeles suburb of Monterey Monterey Park is a city in Los Angeles County California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Coto de Caza is a Census-designated place (CDP and guard-gated private community in Orange County California. Orange County is a county in Southern California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Prado Regional Park is a Park in Chino California within the jurisdiction of San Bernardino County. Chino is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Long Beach Convention and Entertainment Center is a Convention center located in Long Beach California. Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Pepperdine University is a private University of higher learning affiliated with the Churches of Christ. Malibu is an incorporated city in western Los Angeles County, California, United States. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Anaheim Convention Center is a major Convention center in Anaheim California. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Harvard Stadium is a Horseshoe -shaped football Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston Massachusetts, in the United States The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Navy-Marine Corps Memorial Stadium is an outdoor athletic Stadium on the campus of the U The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States that educates and commissions officers of the United States Annapolis is the capital of the US state of Maryland, as well as the County seat of Anne Arundel County. Stanford Stadium (capacity 50000 as of 2006 is a Stadium on the Stanford University campus Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University or simply Stanford, is a private Research university located in Palo Alto (ˌpæloʊˈæltoʊ from Spanish: palo: "stick" and alto: "high" i California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Archery at the 1984 Summer Olympics was contested in the same format used since 1972. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, 41 events in athletics were contested 24 events by men and 17 by women Final results for the Basketball Competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Boxing at the 1984 Summer Olympics took place in the Memorial Sports Arena in Los Angeles California. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, twelve events in flatwater Canoe racing were contested on Lake Casitas. The Cycling competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles consisted of three road cycling events and five Track cycling At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, four Diving events were contested during a competition that took place at the Olympic Swim Stadium The Equestrian Events at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics included Show Jumping, Dressage and Eventing. At the 1984 Summer Olympics, eight fencing events were contested The football tournament at the 1984 Summer Olympics started on July 29 and ended on August 11. Gymnastics at the 1984 Summer Olympics was represented by two different gymnastics disciplines Artistic gymnastics and Rhythmic gymnastics, Handball at the 1984 Summer Olympics featured competition for men and women Final results for the Hockey Competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics: Men's Medal Winners The Judo competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics continued the seven weight classes first used at the 1980 Games. The Modern pentathlon at the 1984 Summer Olympics was represented by two events (both for men Individual competition and Team competition. Rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics featured 14 events in total for both men and women At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles California a total number of seven Sailing events were contested Shooting at the 1984 Summer Olympics took place at Prado Los Angeles, California. Swimming at the 1984 Summer Olympics, held at the McDonald's Olympic Swim Stadium, located on the USC campus Synchronized swimming was introduced to the Olympic Games at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, with two events both for women only This page presents the results of male and female Volleyball during the Olympic Games of Los Angeles in the summer of 1984. Water polo at the 1984 Summer Olympics as usual was part of the swimming sport, the other two being swimming and diving. The Weightlifting competition at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles consisted of ten weight classes all for men only At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, 20 wrestling events were contested for all men only Baseball at the 1984 Summer Olympics was a Demonstration sport. Tennis returned to the Summer Olympic Games for the second time in 60 years at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California (Host country is highlighted) and (Highest amount in bold).

 Rank NationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1United States United States836130174
2Romania Romania20161753
3West Germany West Germany17192359
4China China158932
5Italy Italy1461232
6Canada Canada10181644
7Japan Japan1081432
8New Zealand New Zealand81211
9Yugoslavia Yugoslavia74718
10South Korea South Korea66719

Participating nations

Participating nations
Participating nations

Athletes from 140 nations competed at the Los Angeles Games. The United States was the host nation of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles California. Romania competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The People's Republic of China competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Italy competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Canada competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Japan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. New Zealand competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Athletes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States South Korea, as Korea, competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. This was the first Olympics appearance by the People's Republic of China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES

Boycotting countries

Boycotting countries shown in red and orange
Boycotting countries shown in red and orange

14 Countries took part in the Soviet led boycott of the 1984 Olympic Games [2]:

Flag of Iran Iran and Flag of Libya Libya also boycotted the games, citing political reasons, but were not a part of the Soviet led boycott. Algeria competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Andorra competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Antigua and Barbuda competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Argentina competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States, after having boycotted the 1980 Australia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Austria competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Bahamas competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Bahrain competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Bangladesh competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Barbados competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Belgium competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Belize competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Benin competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Bermuda competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Bhutan competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Bolivia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Botswana competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Brazil competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The British Virgin Islands competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, Burma competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Cameroon competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Canada competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Cayman Islands competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Central African Republic competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Chad competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Chile competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The People's Republic of China competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Republic of China (ROC competed as Chinese Taipei at the 1984 Summer Colombia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Republic of the Congo competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Costa Rica competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Côte d'Ivoire ( English: Ivory Coast) competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Cyprus competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Denmark competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Djibouti competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States The Dominican Republic competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Ecuador competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Egypt competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. El Salvador competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Equatorial Guinea competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Fiji competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Finland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. France competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Gabon competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Gambia competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Ghana competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The United Kingdom competed as Great Britain and Northern Ireland at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Greece competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Grenada competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Guatemala competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Guinea competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Guyana competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Haiti competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Honduras competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Hong Kong competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Iceland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. India competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Indonesia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Iraq competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Ireland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Israel competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Italy competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Jamaica competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics (for the tenth time in Los Angeles, United States. Japan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Jordan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Kenya competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. South Korea, as Korea, competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Kuwait competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Lebanon competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Lesotho competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Liberia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Liechtenstein competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Luxembourg competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Madagascar competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Malawi competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Malaysia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Mali competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Malta competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Mauritania competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Mauritius competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Mexico competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Monaco competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Morocco competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Mozambique competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Nepal competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Netherlands competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Netherlands Antilles competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. New Zealand competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Nicaragua competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Niger competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Nigeria competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Norway was represented at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles by the Norwegian Olympic Committee and Confederation of Sports Oman competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Pakistan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Panama competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Papua New Guinea competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Paraguay competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Peru competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Philippines competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Portugal competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Puerto Rico competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Qatar competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Romania competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Rwanda competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Samoa competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. San Marino competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Saudi Arabia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Senegal competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Seychelles competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Sierra Leone competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Singapore competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The Solomon Islands competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United Somalia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Spain competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Sri Lanka competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Sudan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Suriname competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Swaziland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Sweden competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles California. Switzerland competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Syria competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Tanzania competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Thailand competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Togo competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Tonga competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Trinidad and Tobago competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Tunisia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Turkey competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Uganda competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The United Arab Emirates competed in the Summer Olympic Games for the first time at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, The United States was the host nation of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles California. Uruguay competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Venezuela competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The United States Virgin Islands competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. North Yemen, as the Yemen Arab Republic, competed for the first time at the Olympic Games at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, Athletes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Zaire (now called the Democratic Republic of the Congo) competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States Zambia competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Zimbabwe competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Laos (ˈlɑːoʊs or /ˈlaʊs/ officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a Landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. Libya ( ليبيا ar-Latn Lībiyā; Libyan vernacular: Lībya; Amazigh:) officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab

Los Angeles as host city

Following the news of the massive financial losses of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, few cities wished to host the Olympics. The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec This was seen as a major threat to the future of the Olympic Games. However, with the financially successful Los Angeles Games, cities began to line up to be hosts again. The Los Angeles and Montreal Games are seen as examples of what to do and what not to do when organizing the Olympics, and serve as object lessons to prospective host cities. While Montreal organizers ran up a substantial debt eight years earlier by constructing many new, overly ambitiously designed venues, the Los Angeles Olympic Organizing Committee relied heavily on the use of area venues that were already in existence. The Olympic Velodrome and the Olympic Swim Stadium, funded largely by the 7-Eleven and McDonald's corporations respectively, were the only two new venues constructed specifically for the L. 7-Eleven is a worldwide chain of Convenience stores It is since March 2007 the largest chain store in any category beating McDonald's by 1000 stores A. Games. The resulting low construction costs, coupled with a heavy reliance on private corporate funding, allowed the Games to generate a profit of more than $200 million, making them by far the most financially successful in history. Since then, additional object lessons have been drawn from Atlanta in 1996 (the need to avoid excessive commercialization) and Athens in 2004 (the need to organize and build to schedule). The 1996 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially known as the Centennial Olympics, were an International The 2004 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, was an International Multi-sport event which was celebrated

In popular culture

McDonalds ran a promotion entitled "When the U. S. Wins, You Win" where customers scratched off a ticket and if the US won that event then they would be given a free menu item: a Big Mac for a gold medal, an order of french fries for a silver medal, and a Coca-Cola for a bronze medal. The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by the international Fast-food chain McDonald's. French fries ( North American English; sometimes not capitalized chips ( British English) fries or French-fried potatoes (formal [4] The company lost millions of dollars when the Soviet boycott let the US athletes fare better than they otherwise would have. This was parodied in the Simpsons episode "Lisa's First Word" where Krusty Burger runs a similar promotion, although rigged to only offer prizes in events dominated by the Soviets. " Lisa's First Word " is the tenth episode of The Simpsons ' fourth season, which was originally broadcast on December 3 The Soviet boycott caused Krusty the Clown to personally lose 44 million dollars and vehemently promise "to spit in every fiftieth burger" to which Homer exclaimed "I like those odds!"

References

  1. ^ Burns, John F. Protests are Issue: Russians Charge ‘Gross Flouting’ of the Ideals of the Competition. New York Times, 9 May 1984
  2. ^ "Zola Budd in race trip controversy", BBC ON THIS DAY, 11 August (1984). Accessed January 29, 2007.
  3. ^ "Los Angeles 1984", Official Website of the Swedish Olympic Committee, English version. Accessed January 28, 2007.
  4. ^ ADVERTISING; BIG MAC'S OLYMPIC GIVEAWAY - Free Preview - The New York Times

See also

Olympics with significant boycotts

External links

Whitakers Olympic Almanack 2004 ISBN 0-7136-6724-9. 1984 Summer OlympicsThe 1984 Summer Paralympics were the seventh Paralympic Games to be held The International Olympic Committee ( IOC) uses Three letter acronym country codes to refer to each group of athletes that participate in the Olympic The 1976 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXI Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Montreal, Quebec Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Quebec (kwɨˈbɛk Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The 1980 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event held in Moscow in the Soviet Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The 1980 Summer Olympics boycott of the Moscow Olympics was a part of a package of actions to protest the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Soviet-led boycott of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, United States followed the American-led boycott of the 1980

Bill Henry,An Approved History of the Olympic Games,ISBN 0-88284-243-9.

Greg Andranovich, Matthew J. Burbank, Charles H. Heying, "Olympic cities: lessons learned from Mega-Event Politics", Journal of Urban Affairs, Vol. 23-2, 2001.


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