Launches

This is a list of spaceflights launched in 1974. Spaceflight is the use of Space technology to fly a Spacecraft into and through Outer space. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar.

Deep Space Rendezvous in 1974

• 5 February — Mariner 10 flyby of Venus (5,768 km)
• 10 February — Mars 4 flyby of Mars, 2,200 km (orbiter mission)
• 12 February — Mars 5 entered Martian orbit
• 9 March — Mars 7 lander missed Mars by 1,300 km
• 12 March — Mars 6 lander lost few seconds before anticipated landing
• 29 March — Mariner 10 1^st flyby of Mercury (703 km)
• 2 June — Luna 22 entered Selenocentric orbit (photographic mission)
• 21 September — Mariner 10 2^nd flyby of Mercury (48,069 km)
• 2 November — Luna 23 landed rough at Mare Crisium (sample return mission)
• 3 December — Pioneer 11 flyby of Jupiter (42,960 km)

References

• Encyclopedia Astronautica
• Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
• JAXA
• Jonathan's Space Report (SatCat. A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the In Physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved path of one object around a point or another body for example the gravitational orbit of a planet around a star Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Aerobee rocket was a small (8 m unguided suborbital Sounding rocket used for high atmospheric and Cosmic radiation research in the United States The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Atmospheric physics is the application of Physics to the study of the atmosphere. Ultraviolet astronomy is generally used to refer to observations at Ultraviolet wavelengths between approximately 10 and 320 nanometres Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Aerobee rocket was a small (8 m unguided suborbital Sounding rocket used for high atmospheric and Cosmic radiation research in the United States The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Atmospheric physics is the application of Physics to the study of the atmosphere. Ultraviolet astronomy is generally used to refer to observations at Ultraviolet wavelengths between approximately 10 and 320 nanometres Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skylark was a British Sounding rocket design The Skylark was first launched in 1957 from Woomera, Australia and its El Arenosillo is the name of a Rocket launch site for Suborbital Rockets for Atmospheric soundings located near Mazagón in Spain A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 475 - Basiliscus becomes Byzantine Emperor, with a coronation ceremony in the Hebdomon palace in Constantinople Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Black Brant is a Canadian -designed Sounding rocket built by Bristol Aerospace in Winnipeg Manitoba. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah 's reign Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London is the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture at the southwestern tip of the Kyūshū island of Japan, and the largest city in the prefecture by some A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Wallops Island is a 6 Square mile (155 Km²) island off the east coast of Virginia, part of the barrier islands that stretch along the Eastern seaboard The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Atmospheric physics is the application of Physics to the study of the atmosphere. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Wallops Island is a 6 Square mile (155 Km²) island off the east coast of Virginia, part of the barrier islands that stretch along the Eastern seaboard The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. The Aerobee rocket was a small (8 m unguided suborbital Sounding rocket used for high atmospheric and Cosmic radiation research in the United States The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR is a launch facility and Rocket range for Sounding rockets in the U The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects In Physics and Chemistry, plasma is an Ionized Gas, in which a certain proportion of Electrons are free rather than being bound Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Cosmos-3M (11K65M ( Космос-3М) is a Russian space Launch vehicle. Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( Russian: Космодром «Плесецк») is a Russian The Military Space Forces (VKS are the branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation responsible for military space operations For the Cosmos 1 solar sail &mdash not part of this series &mdash see Cosmos 1. The Tsyklon (Циклон "Cyclone" also known as Tsiklon) GRAU index 11K67 was a Soviet / Ukrainian -designed Expendable launch A Low Earth Orbit (LEO is generally defined as an Orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2000 km Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS is the standard generic term for satellite navigation systems that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Delta is a family of Expendable launch systems that have provided space launch capability in the United States since 1960 Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 17 is a launch site at Merritt Island, Florida. The Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS is a detachment of the 45th Space Wing (45 SW Patrick AFB provides headquarters functions from the 45 SW a major airfield The Ministry of Defence ( MoD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters A geosynchronous orbit is an Orbit around the Earth with an Orbital period matching the Earth's sidereal rotation period A Low Earth Orbit (LEO is generally defined as an Orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2000 km A communications satellite (sometimes abbreviated to comsat) is an artificial Satellite stationed in space for the purposes of Telecommunications. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skua is the designation of a British Sounding rocket which was launched between 1959 and 1981 in 4 versions over 300 times El Arenosillo is the name of a Rocket launch site for Suborbital Rockets for Atmospheric soundings located near Mazagón in Spain A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. The Eridan is a two-stage French Sounding rocket, which resulted from the use of the Stromboli engine of the Dragon and/or Dauphin as first and second stage Kourou is a town and commune in French Guiana, an overseas ''région'' and ''département'' of France located in South America A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR is a launch facility and Rocket range for Sounding rockets in the U The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects In Physics and Chemistry, plasma is an Ionized Gas, in which a certain proportion of Electrons are free rather than being bound Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skua is the designation of a British Sounding rocket which was launched between 1959 and 1981 in 4 versions over 300 times El Arenosillo is the name of a Rocket launch site for Suborbital Rockets for Atmospheric soundings located near Mazagón in Spain A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR is a launch facility and Rocket range for Sounding rockets in the U The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects In Physics and Chemistry, plasma is an Ionized Gas, in which a certain proportion of Electrons are free rather than being bound Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London is the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture at the southwestern tip of the Kyūshū island of Japan, and the largest city in the prefecture by some A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects X-ray astronomy is an observational branch of Astronomy, which deals with the study of X-ray emission from celestial objects Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Aerobee rocket was a small (8 m unguided suborbital Sounding rocket used for high atmospheric and Cosmic radiation research in the United States The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. The LGM-30 Minuteman is a United States nuclear Missile, a land-based Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM Vandenberg Air Force Base is a United States military installation with a Spaceport, in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skua is the designation of a British Sounding rocket which was launched between 1959 and 1981 in 4 versions over 300 times El Arenosillo is the name of a Rocket launch site for Suborbital Rockets for Atmospheric soundings located near Mazagón in Spain A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Black Brant is a Canadian -designed Sounding rocket built by Bristol Aerospace in Winnipeg Manitoba. "NRCC" redirects here For the organization of Canadian collectives see Neighbouring Rights Collective of Canada. "NRCC" redirects here For the organization of Canadian collectives see Neighbouring Rights Collective of Canada. A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Atmospheric physics is the application of Physics to the study of the atmosphere. The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 41 - Gaius Caesar (Caligula, known for his eccentricity and cruel Despotism, is Assassinated by his disgruntled Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Voskhod rocket (Russian Восход translated as "Sunrise") was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( Russian: Космодром «Плесецк») is a Russian For the Cosmos 1 solar sail &mdash not part of this series &mdash see Cosmos 1. A Low Earth Orbit (LEO is generally defined as an Orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2000 km A spy satellite (officially referred to as a reconnaissance satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or Communications satellite deployed for Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skua is the designation of a British Sounding rocket which was launched between 1959 and 1981 in 4 versions over 300 times El Arenosillo is the name of a Rocket launch site for Suborbital Rockets for Atmospheric soundings located near Mazagón in Spain A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate The UR-100N is an Intercontinental ballistic missile in service with Russia. The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 41 - After a night of negotiation Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. The LGM-30 Minuteman is a United States nuclear Missile, a land-based Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM Vandenberg Air Force Base is a United States military installation with a Spaceport, in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. The UR-100N is an Intercontinental ballistic missile in service with Russia. The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Andøy is the northernmost municipality in the county of Nordland, Norway, and belongs to the Vesterålen archipelago The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Voskhod rocket (Russian Восход translated as "Sunrise") was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( Russian: Космодром «Плесецк») is a Russian For the Cosmos 1 solar sail &mdash not part of this series &mdash see Cosmos 1. A Low Earth Orbit (LEO is generally defined as an Orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2000 km A spy satellite (officially referred to as a reconnaissance satellite) is an Earth observation satellite or Communications satellite deployed for Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain The Super Secret Backstage Show, abbreviated SSBS, is an audio podcast of unofficial "off the air" Keith and The Girl shows and community generated KATG Biscarrosse is a town and commune in the Landes département of western France, located south west of Bordeaux (50 A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 1648 - Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster is signed ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Kapustin Yar ( Russian Капустин Яр today Знаменск/Znamensk is a Russian rocket launch and development site in the Astrakhan Oblast, between The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects The ionosphere is the uppermost part of the atmosphere, distinguished because it is Ionized by solar radiation Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Wallops Island is a 6 Square mile (155 Km²) island off the east coast of Virginia, part of the barrier islands that stretch along the Eastern seaboard A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Tanegashima ( Japanese: 種子島 is an Island lying to the south of Kyūshū, south Japan, and is part of the Kagoshima Prefecture The, or JAXA, is Japan's national Aerospace agency JAXA was formed on October 1 2003 as an Independent Administrative Institution through the The, or JAXA, is Japan's national Aerospace agency JAXA was formed on October 1 2003 as an Independent Administrative Institution through the A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Skylark was a British Sounding rocket design The Skylark was first launched in 1957 from Woomera, Australia and its The British Aircraft Corporation ( BAC) was a British Aircraft manufacturer formed from the government-pressured merger of English Electric Aviation The British Aircraft Corporation ( BAC) was a British Aircraft manufacturer formed from the government-pressured merger of English Electric Aviation A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons The MR-UR-100 Sotka was a MIRV -warhead Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM developed and deployed by the Soviet Union from 1978 to The Baikonur Cosmodrome ( Kazakh: Байқоңыр ғарыш айлағы, Bayqoñır ğarış aylağı; Russian: Космодром The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской The Strategic Rocket Forces of Russian Federation or RVSNRF ( Russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 211 - Roman Emperor Septimius Severus dies leaving the Roman Empire in the hands of his two quarrelsome sons Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Cosmos-3M (11K65M ( Космос-3М) is a Russian space Launch vehicle. Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( Russian: Космодром «Плесецк») is a Russian The Military Space Forces (VKS are the branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation responsible for military space operations For the Cosmos 1 solar sail &mdash not part of this series &mdash see Cosmos 1. A Low Earth Orbit (LEO is generally defined as an Orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2000 km Events 42 BC - First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Black Brant is a Canadian -designed Sounding rocket built by Bristol Aerospace in Winnipeg Manitoba. Andøy is the northernmost municipality in the county of Nordland, Norway, and belongs to the Vesterålen archipelago A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Submarine-launched ballistic missiles or SLBM s are Ballistic missiles delivering Nuclear weapons that are launched from Submarines Modern variants Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Submarine-launched ballistic missiles or SLBM s are Ballistic missiles delivering Nuclear weapons that are launched from Submarines Modern variants Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Submarine-launched ballistic missiles or SLBM s are Ballistic missiles delivering Nuclear weapons that are launched from Submarines Modern variants Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Submarine-launched ballistic missiles or SLBM s are Ballistic missiles delivering Nuclear weapons that are launched from Submarines Modern variants Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Submarine-launched ballistic missiles or SLBM s are Ballistic missiles delivering Nuclear weapons that are launched from Submarines Modern variants Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Aerobee rocket was a small (8 m unguided suborbital Sounding rocket used for high atmospheric and Cosmic radiation research in the United States The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London Tanegashima ( Japanese: 種子島 is an Island lying to the south of Kyūshū, south Japan, and is part of the Kagoshima Prefecture The, or JAXA, is Japan's national Aerospace agency JAXA was formed on October 1 2003 as an Independent Administrative Institution through the The, or JAXA, is Japan's national Aerospace agency JAXA was formed on October 1 2003 as an Independent Administrative Institution through the A sub-orbital spaceflight (or sub-orbital flight is a Spaceflight in which the Spacecraft reaches space, but its Trajectory intersects Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. In Celestial mechanics, an apsis, plural apsides (ˈæpsɨdɪːz is the point of greatest or least distance of the Elliptical orbit of an object from Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Greenwich Mean Time ( GMT) is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London The Titan IIIC was a space booster used by the United States Air Force. Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 41 ( LC-41) is an active Launch Site at Merritt Island, Cape Canaveral, The Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS is a detachment of the 45th Space Wing (45 SW Patrick AFB provides headquarters functions from the 45 SW a major airfield The term boilerplate in Rocketry refers to a non-functional craft system or payload which is used to test various configurations and basic size load and handling characteristics NASA 's Viking program consisted of a pair of space probes sent to Mars, Viking 1 and Viking 2. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A geosynchronous orbit is an Orbit around the Earth with an Orbital period matching the Earth's sidereal rotation period Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA, ˈnæsə is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's public space program A geosynchronous orbit is an Orbit around the Earth with an Orbital period matching the Earth's sidereal rotation period Events 1576 - Henry of Navarre converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Mariner 10 was a robotic Space probe launched on November 3, 1973 to fly by the planets Mercury and Venus. The VENUS ( V ictoria E xperimental N etwork U nder the S ea project is a cabled sea floor observatory operated by the University Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead This article is for the Russian (Soviet series of space probes for the moon designated as Mars II see Deimos (moon; for all missions to Mars see Exploration Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the This article is for the Russian (Soviet series of space probes for the moon designated as Mars II see Deimos (moon; for all missions to Mars see Exploration Events 590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia. This article is for the Russian (Soviet series of space probes for the moon designated as Mars II see Deimos (moon; for all missions to Mars see Exploration Events 538 - Witiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving This article is for the Russian (Soviet series of space probes for the moon designated as Mars II see Deimos (moon; for all missions to Mars see Exploration Events 1461 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Towton - Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks In Astronomy, lunar orbit (also known as a Selenocentric orbit) refers to the orbit of an object around the Moon. Events 1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 In Media The Luna 23 is featured in the game Mass Effect (set in the year 2183 as the 'CCCP Luna 23' Mare Crisium (the "sea of crises" is a Lunar mare located in the Moon 's Crisium basin just northeast of Mare Tranquillitatis. Events 1800 - War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden, French Pioneer 11 was the second mission (after its sister probe Pioneer 10) to investigate Jupiter and the Outer solar system and the first to explore the planet txt and Launchlog. txt)
• Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
• NASA
• NASA SpaceFlight.com
• Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
• Space Calendar (NASA JPL)
• Southwest Space Archive
• SPACE.com Launch Forecast
• SpaceFlightNow
• Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
• U.S. Space Objects Registry
• Хроника освоения космоса (Russian)

Footnotes

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at} Encyclopaedia Astronautica - Chronology - Quarter 1 1974