Year 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - Edward Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of Derby, List of state leaders in 1867 - Events of 1868 - List of state leaders in 1869 - State leaders by year ---- Africa Portugal Angola - # Francisco Antonio Gonçalves Cardoso, Governor-General of Angola ( 1865 - 1868) Roman numerals are a Numeral system originating in ancient Rome, adapted from Etruscan numerals. This is the Calendar for any Leap year starting on Wednesday ( Dominical letter ED) such as 1992. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today This is the Calendar for any Leap year starting on Monday ( Dominical letter GF) such as 1996. The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC and came into force in 45 BC (709 Ab urbe condita

Events of 1868

Jan. 3: Meiji Emperor. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. The (3 November 1852 — 30 July 1912 or Meiji the Great was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession reigning from 3 February

January - March

• January 3 - Meiji Emperor declares "Meiji Restoration", his own restoration to full power, against the supporters of the Tokugawa Shogunate. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon. The (3 November 1852 — 30 July 1912 or Meiji the Great was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession reigning from 3 February The, also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, or Renewal, was a chain of events that led to enormous changes in Japan 's political and social structure The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the, and the, was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the Shoguns of
• January 5 - War of the Triple Alliance: Brazilian Army commander Luís Alves de Lima e Silva enters Asunción, Paraguay's capital. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. The War of the Triple Alliance, also known as the Paraguayan War, and the Great War in Paraguay itself was fought from 1864 to 1870 and caused more deaths than any Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias ( IPA: /kaˈʃiɐs/ or /kaˈʃiɐʃ/ ( August 25, 1803 &ndash May 7, 1880 Asunción (full name Nuestra Señora Santa María de la Asunción) population 1212112 (2002 is the Capital and largest city of Paraguay. Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only Some days later he declares the war is over. Nevertheless, Francisco Solano López, Paraguay's president, prepares guerrillas to fight in the countryside
• January 6 - Asa Mercer and number of new "Mercer Girls" sail from Massachusetts for West Coast - they arrive in Seattle on May 23. Francisco Solano López Carrillo ( 24 July 1826 &ndash 1 March 1870) was president of Paraguay from 1862 until his Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay ( Spanish: República del Paraguay; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái) is one of the only Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King Asa Shinn Mercer ( June 6, 1839 - August 10, 1917) was the first president of the Territorial University of Washington and a member The Mercer Girls or Mercer Maids were an 1860s project of Asa Shinn Mercer, an American who lived in Seattle, who decided to "import" The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne
• January 10 - Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu declares emperor's declaration "illegal" and attacks Kyoto. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. is a military rank and historical title in Japan. The Japanese word for "general" it is made up of two Kanji words sho, meaning "commander" Tokugawa Yoshinobu 1st Prince of the Yoshinobu-ke (徳川 慶喜 Tokugawa Yoshinobu (also known as Keiki) October 28, 1837 &ndash Pro-Emperor forces drive his troops away. Shogun surrenders in May.
• February 13 - The War Office sanctions the formation of what will become the Army Post Office Corps. Events 1258 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed The War Office was a former department of the British Government, responsible for the administration of the British Army between the 17th century and 1963 when The Post Office Rifles was a unit of the British Army, first formed in 1867 from volunteers
• February 16 - In New York City the Jolly Corks organization is renamed the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE). Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols The City of New York The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ( BPOE; also often known as the Elks Lodge or simply The Elks) is an American Fraternal order and
• February 24 - The first parade to have floats occurs at Mardi Gras in New Orleans, Louisiana. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the A parade (also called march or marchpast) is a procession of people usually organized along a street often in Costume, and often accompanied by Fire " Mardi Gras " ( French for Fat Tuesday) is the day before Ash Wednesday. New Orleans (nʲuːˈɔrliənz nʲuːˈɔrlənz French: La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port city and the largest city in Louisiana
• February 24 - After Andrew Johnson tried to dismiss United States Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, he becomes the first President of the United States to be impeached by the United States House of Representatives. Events 303 - Galerius, Roman Emperor, publishes his edict that begins the persecution of Christians in his portion of the Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination The Secretary of War was a member of the United States President's Cabinet, beginning with George Washington 's administration Edwin McMasters Stanton ( December 19, 1814 &ndash December 24, 1869) was an American lawyer politician United States The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. Johnson would later be acquitted by the United States Senate. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives
• March 1 - The Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant History Pi Kappa Alpha is an international brotherhood composed of 210 student chapters 9 colonies and 120 alumni associations The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research
• March 5 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90000 to attack the Sassanid Empire, in a Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination
• March 23 - The University of California is founded in Oakland, California when the Organic Act is signed into California law. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. The University of California ( UC) is a Public university system in the state of California. Oakland (ˈoʊklənd founded in 1852 is the eighth-largest city in the U California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean.
• March 24 - Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is formed. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland MetLife Inc is the holding corporation for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company or MetLife for short
• March 27 - The Lake Ontario Shore Railroad Company is organized in Oswego, New York. Events 196 BC - Ptolemy V ascends to the throne of Egypt. 1309 - Pope Clement V excommunicates The Lake Ontario Shore Railroad (LOSRR was a short-lived Common carrier Railroad in New York that was absorbed by the Rome Watertown and Ogdensburg Oswego is a City in Oswego County, New York, United States. The population was 18096 at the 2000 census.

April - June

• April 1 - Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute is established in Hampton, Virginia
• April 9 - Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia massacres at least 197, perhaps more, of his own people at Magdala. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Hampton University is a historically black university located in Hampton Virginia, United States. Hampton is an Independent city in Virginia, and therefore not part of any Virginia county Events 193 - Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans) Tewodros II ( Ge'ez ቴዎድሮስ also known as Theodore II) (c Amba Mariam is a village in central Ethiopia. It was known as Magdala or Meqdela (መቅደላ meḳdelā) during the reign of Emperor These were prisoners who had been, for the most part, incarcerated for very trivial offenses, and were killed for asking for bread and water.
• April 10 - A British-Indian task force inflicts 700 deaths and a crushing defeat on the army of Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia in the Battle of Magdala. Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama Tewodros II ( Ge'ez ቴዎድሮስ also known as Theodore II) (c The Battle of Magdala was fought in April 1868 between British and Abyssinian forces at Magdala, 390 miles from the Red Sea coast which at that time was the The British and Indians suffer 30 wounded, 2 of whom die subsequently.
• April 13 - The Napier Expedition ends with the suicide of Tewodros and the capture of Magdala by the British-Indian task force. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople The British 1868 Expedition to Abyssinia was a Punitive expedition carried out by Armed forces of the British Empire against the Ethiopian Empire
• May 16 - President Andrew Johnson is acquitted during his impeachment trial, by one vote in the United States Senate. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination Impeachment is the first of two stages in a specific process for a legislative body to forcibly remove a Government official The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives
• May 26 - Last public hanging in Britain - Fenian bomber Michael Barrett
• May 30 - Memorial Day is observed in the United States for the first time (it was proclaimed on May 5 by General John A. Logan). Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Hanging is the lethal suspension of a person by a ligature The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Fianna Éireann The Fenians, both the Fenian Brotherhood and Irish Republican Brotherhood, were fraternal organisations dedicated to the establishment of an independent Michael Barrett (executed 26 May 1868) was a County Fermanagh -born member of the Fenians He came originally from the townland of Drumnagreshial Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following Memorial Day is a United States Federal holiday observed on the last Monday of May (on May in) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John For other persons with similar names see John Logan. John Alexander Logan ( February 8, 1826 &ndash December 26
• May 31 - Thomas Spence declares himself president of the Republic of Manitoba. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Thomas Spence ( June 21, 1750 &ndash September 8, 1814) was a Radical democrat and advocate of the common ownership of land The Republic of Manitobah was a short-lived unrecognized state founded in June 1867 by Thomas Spence at the town of Portage la Prairie in what is now the Canadian He soon alienates the locals
• May 31 - The (popularly) first bicycle race is held at Parc de Saint-Cloud, Paris
• June 2 - The first Trades Union Congress is held in Manchester, England. Events 1279 BC - Rameses II (The Great (19th dynasty becomes pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. Saint-Cloud is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks The Trades Union Congress (TUC is a national trade union centre, a federation of Trade unions in the United Kingdom, representing the majority of trade England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

July - September

July 25: Wyoming territory. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler The State of Wyoming ( is a sparsely populated state in the western region of the United States.

• July 5 - Preacher William Booth establishes the Christian Mission, predecessor of the Salvation Army, in the East End of London. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. William Booth ( April 10, 1829 &ndash August 20, 1912) was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation The Salvation Army is a Christian charity and church that is internally organised like a military service. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.
• July 25 - Wyoming becomes a United States territory. Events 285 - Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar, co-ruler The State of Wyoming ( is a sparsely populated state in the western region of the United States. The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically
• July 28 - The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is adopted guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law. Events 1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of Treason. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Due process (more fully due process of law) is the principle that a person has a right to receive notice and be heard in an orderly proceeding in order to protect his or her
• August 18 - Helium is discovered by French astronomer Pierre Janssen (and independently by Joseph Norman Lockyer on August 20). Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Helium ( He) is a colorless odorless tasteless non-toxic Inert Monatomic Chemical Legal residents and citizens To be French according to the first article of the Constitution is to be a citizen of France regardless of one's origin race or religion ( Historically Astronomy was more concerned with the classification and description of phenomena in the sky while Astrophysics attempted to explain these phenomena Pierre Jules César Janssen ( February 22, 1824 &ndash December 23, 1907) was a French astronomer who along with the English Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer, FRS ( May 17, 1836 &ndash August 16, 1920) was an English scientist and astronomer Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine
• August 20 - Abergele Train Disaster: Irish Mail passenger train collides with 4 cargo trucks loaded with paraffin: 33 dead; first major train disaster in Britain. Events 636 - Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine In chemistry paraffin is the common name for the Alkane Hydrocarbons with the general formula C n H2 n +2 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• August 22 - Yangzhou riot in China targets station of the China Inland Mission and nearly leads to war between Britain and China. Events 392 - Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor. The Yangzhou riot of August 22 - 23, 1868 was a brief crisis in Anglo-Chinese relations during the late Qing Dynasty. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before that the China Inland Mission before 1964 is an interdenominational The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
• September 18 - First convocation of the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee. Events 96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated The University of the South is a private Coeducational liberal arts college located in Sewanee, Tennessee. Sewanee is an unincorporated town in Franklin County, Tennessee, United States, treated by the U Tennessee ( is a state located in the Southern United States.
• September 23 - Rebels in the town of Lares declare Puerto Rico independent. Events 1122 - Concordat of Worms. 1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Lares (sing Lar, also called Genii loci or more archaically Lases) were ancient Roman deities protecting the house and Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} Local militia defeats them a week later.
• late September - Queen Isabella II of Spain is effectively deposed and sent into exile; she will formally abdicate June 25, 1870. "Isabella II" redirects here For the Queen of Jerusalem also known as Isabella II see Yolande of Jerusalem. Abdication (from the Latin abdicatio, disowning renouncing from ab, away from and dicare, to declare to proclaim as not belonging to one Events 524 - Battle of Vézeronce, the Franks defeat the Burgundians

October - December

• October 10 - Carlos Manuel de Céspedes declared a revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba in an event known as El Grito de Yara, initiating a war that lasted ten years. Events 680 - Battle of Karbala: Shia Imam Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated Carlos Manuel de Céspedes (born Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo on April 18 1819 in Bayamo, in Oriente, province of Cuba, —February The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la Cuba would ultimately lose the war at a cost of 400,000 lives and widespread destruction.

• October 28 - Thomas Edison applied for his first patent, the electric vote recorder. Events 306 - Maxentius is proclaimed Roman Emperor. 312 - Battle of Milvian Bridge: Constantine

• November - Ulysses S. Grant defeats Horatio Seymour in the U.S. presidential election. Ulysses S Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant (April 27 1822 &ndash July 23 1885 was an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States Horatio Seymour ( May 31, 1810 February 12, 1886) was an American Politician. The United States presidential election of 1868 was the first presidential election to take place during Reconstruction.

November 27: Battle of Washita River. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont The Battle of Washita River (or Battle of the Washita) occurred on November 27, 1868 when Lt

• November 2 - New Zealand officially adopts nationally observed standard time, and was perhaps the first country to do so. Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Standard time is the result of synchronizing clocks in different geographical locations within a Time zone to the same time rather than using the local meridian as
• November 27 - Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River - In the early morning, United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on a band of Cheyenne living on reservation land with Chief Black Kettle, killing 103 Cheyenne. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont The Battle of Washita River (or Battle of the Washita) occurred on November 27, 1868 when Lt The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. Cheyenne are a Native American nation of the Great Plains. The Cheyenne Nation is composed of two united tribes, the Só'taa'e (more commonly Chief Black Kettle ( Cheyenne, Moke-tav-a-to) (born Ca 1813 died November 27

• December 6 - Battle of Itororó or Ytororó. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev On the morning of December 6, 1868, Marshal of the Brazilian Army Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Marquis (later Duke of Caxias moved with 13000 men in two Field-Marshall Luís Alves de Lima e Silva leads 13,000 Brazilian troops against a Paraguayan fortified position of 5,000 troops. Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias ( IPA: /kaˈʃiɐs/ or /kaˈʃiɐʃ/ ( August 25, 1803 &ndash May 7, 1880 War of the Triple Alliance

• December 25 - US President Andrew Johnson grants unconditional pardon to all Civil War rebels. The War of the Triple Alliance, also known as the Paraguayan War, and the Great War in Paraguay itself was fought from 1864 to 1870 and caused more deaths than any Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Andrew Johnson (December 29 1808 – July 31 1875 was the seventeenth President of the United States (1865-69 succeeding to the Presidency upon the assassination Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South

Undated

• Thomas Henry Huxley discovers what he thinks is a primordial matter and names it bathybius haecklii (he admits his mistake in 1871)
• Establishment of the Académie Julian - a major art school in Paris, France that admitted women. Thomas Henry Huxley PC FRS (4 May 1825 – 29 June 1895 was an English Biologist, known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy Bathybius haeckeli was a substance that British Biologist Thomas Henry Huxley discovered and initially believed to be a form of Primordial Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Académie Julian was an Art school in Paris, France. Rodolphe Julian established the Académie Julian in 1868 at the Passage Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
• The Dortmunder Actien Brauerei is founded in Germany. Dortmunder Actien Brauerei is a German Brewery in the city of Dortmund, founded in 1868 by the businessmen Laurenz Fischer and Heinrich Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
• Brisbane Grammar School was founded, providing the opportunity for secondary education for the first time in the colony of Brisbane in Australia. Brisbane Grammar School (BGS is an independent, Non-denominational, day and Boarding school for boys located in Spring Hill Brisbane ( is the state capital of Queensland. Brisbane is the third most populous city in Australia and the most populous city of Queensland For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics.
• Maryland School for the Deaf established. The Maryland School for the Deaf is a school that provides free public education to Deaf and Hard-of-hearing Maryland residents from birth to age 21
• The Roman Catholic See of Tucson was established as the Apostolic Vicariate of Arizona in 1868, taking its territory from the former Diocese of Santa Fe. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Tucson is an ecclesiastical territory or Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the southwestern region of the United States The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Fe is an ecclesiastical territory or Diocese of the southwestern region of the United States in the state of New Mexico The Diocese of Tucson was canonically erected on May 8, 1897.

Births

January - June

• January 9 - S.P.L. Sørensen, Danish chemist (d. The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used Calendar in the world today Ab Urbe condita (literally "from The Armenian calendar is the traditional calendar of Armenia. The Bahá'í calendar, also called the Badí‘ calendar, used by the Bahá'í Faith, is a Solar calendar with regular years of 365 days and Leap The Berber calendar is the annual Calendar used by Berber people in North Africa. The Buddhist calendar is used on mainland Southeast Asia in the countries of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar (formerly Burma The traditional Burmese calendar is a Lunisolar calendar based on both the phases of the moon and the motion of the sun The Chinese calendar is lunisolar, incorporating elements of a Lunar calendar with those of a Solar calendar. The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Chinese sexagenary cycle ( is a cyclic numeral system of 60 combinations of the two basic cycles the ten Heavenly Stems (天干 tiāngān The Coptic calendar, also called the Alexandrian calendar, is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church and still used in Egypt The Ethiopian calendar ( Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ዘመን አቆጣጠር ye'Ītyōṗṗyā zemen āḳoṭaṭer) also called the Ge'ez calendar, The Hebrew calendar (הלוח העברי ha'luach ha'ivri) or Jewish calendar is a Lunisolar calendar used by Jews for predominantly religious Calendar Events Births Deaths Calendar Events Births Deaths The Hindu calendar used in ancient times has undergone many changes in the process of regionalization and today there are several regional Indian Calendars, as The Indian national calendar (sometimes called Saka calendar) is the official civil calendar in use in India. Kali Yuga ( Devanāgarī: sa कलियुग lit "Age of Kali " "age of vice" is one of the four stages of development that the world goes The Iranian calendar or Solar Hejri (تقویم هجری شمسی؛ سالنمای هجری خورشیدی Taqwim Hejri Shamsi Salanmay Hejri Khurshidi) is an astronomical The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ Since January 1, 1873, Japan has used the Gregorian calendar, with local names for the months and mostly fixed holidays was a after Genji and before Meiji. The period spanned the years from 1865 to 1868. The, or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of the Meiji Emperor, running in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July The traditional Korean calendar is a Lunisolar calendar which like the traditional calendars of other East Asian countries was based on the Chinese calendar The Thai solar calendar, Suriyakati (สุริยคติ has been the official and prevalent Calendar in Thailand since it was adopted by King Events 475 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople. Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen ( January 9, 1868 - February 12, 1939) was a Danish Chemist, famous for the introduction 1939)
• January 11 - Cai Yuanpei, Chinese educator (d. Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1055 - Theodora is crowned Empress of the Byzantine Empire. 1940)
• January 31 - Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Theodore William Richards ( January 31 1868 – April 2 1928) was the first American Scientist to receive the Nobel The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1928)
• February 10 - William Allen White, American journalist (d. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1355 - The St Scholastica's Day riot breaks out in Oxford, England, leaving 63 scholars and perhaps 30 locals dead William Allen White (February 10 1868 &ndash January 31 1944 was a renowned American Newspaper editor, politician and author 1944)
• February 23 - W.E.B. DuBois, American civil rights leader (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (duːˈbɔɪz ( February 23, 1868 August 27, 1963) was an American Civil rights activist 1963)
• February 26 - Venceslau Brás, Brazilian president (d. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes ( February 26, 1868 &ndash May 15, 1966) was a Brazilian Politician. 1966)
• March 14 - Emily Murphy, Canadian woman's rights activist (d. Year 1966 ( MCMLXVI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Emily Murphy ( March 14 1868 - October 17 1933) was a Canadian Women's rights Activist. 1933)
• March 22 - Robert Millikan, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 238 - Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman emperor. Robert Andrews Millikan (March 22 1868 – December 19 1953 was an American experimental physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his measurement The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 1953)
• March 25 - William Lockwood, English cricketer (d. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. William 'Bill' Lockwood ( William Henry Lockwood; born March 25, 1868, Old Radford, Nottingham; died April 26, 1932)
• March 28 - Maxim Gorky, Russian author (d. Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov ( In Алексе́й Макси́мович Пешко́в ( &ndash June 18, 1936) better known as Maxim Gorky (Максим 1936)
• April 10 - George Arliss, English actor (d. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks. 1407 - the lama George Arliss ( April 10, 1868 - February 5, 1946) was an English Academy Award -winning Actor, Author 1946)
• April 28 - Lucy Booth, the fifth daughter of William and Catherine Booth (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1192 - Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title Lucy Booth ( April 28, 1868 – July 18, 1953) was the eighth child of William and Catherine Booth. William Booth ( April 10, 1829 &ndash August 20, 1912) was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation Catherine Booth ( 17 January 1829 &ndash 4 October 1890) was the Mother of The Salvation Army. 1953)
• May 6 - Nicholas II of Russia (d. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. 1918)
• May 6 - Gaston Leroux, French writer (d. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Gaston Louis Alfred Leroux ( 6 May, 1868, Paris France &ndash 15 April, 1927) was a French Journalist 1927)
• May 29 - Abdul Mejid II, last Caliph of the Ottoman Empire (d. Year 1927 ( MCMXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian defeats the Sassanid army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Abdülmecid II (also with various alternate spellings including Abdul Mejid, Aakhir Khalifatul Muslimeen Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid, Abdul Medjit, and in 1944)
• June 5 - James Connolly, Irish socialist (d. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 70 - Titus and his Roman Legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem James Connolly (Séamas Ó Conghaile 5 June 1868 &ndash 12 May 1916 was an Irish Socialist leader 1916)
• June 7 - Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish architect (d. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins 1928)
• June 14 - Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Karl Landsteiner ( June 14 1868 &ndash June 26 1943) was an Austrian Biologist and Physician. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin is awarded once a year by the Swedish Karolinska Institute. 1943)
• June 18 - Georges Lacombe, French artist (d. Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 618 - Coronation of the Chinese governor Li Yuan as Emperor Gaozu of Tang, the new Emperor of China, initiating three centuries Georges Lacombe may refer to Georges Lacombe (painter (1868-1916 French sculptor and painter Georges Lacombe (film director (1902-1990 1916)

July - December

• July 12 - Stefan George, German poet (d. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Stefan Anton George ( July 12, 1868 &ndash December 4, 1933) was a German Poet, editor and Translator 1933)
• July 14 - Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator (d. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE ( July 14, 1868 – July 12, 1926) was a British writer traveller political analyst 1926)
• August 23 - Edgar Lee Masters, American poet, biographer and dramatist. Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Edgar Lee Masters ( Garnett, Kansas, August 23, 1868 - Melrose Park, Pennsylvania, March 5, 1950 (d. 1950)
• August 26 - Charles Stewart, Premier of Alberta (d. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Charles Stewart PC ( Strabane, Ontario August 26, 1868 - December 6, 1946 Ottawa) was a The Premier of Alberta is the First minister for the Canadian province of Alberta. 1946)
• September 1 - Henri Bourassa, Canadian politician and publisher (d. Year 1946 ( MCMXLVI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. Joseph-Napoléon-Henri Bourassa ( September 1, 1868 - August 31, 1952) was a French Canadian political leader and publisher 1952)
• September 6 - Heinrich Häberlin, Swiss politician, member of the Federal Council (d. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Heinrich Häberlin ( September 6, 1868 - February 26, 1947) was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council 1947)
• September 17 - James Alexander Calder, Canadian politician (d. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1176 - The Battle of Myriokephalon is fought 1462 - The Battle of Świecino (or Battle of Żarnowiec James Alexander Calder, PC ( September 17 1868 &ndash July 20 1956) was a Canadian politician 1956)
• October 18 - Ernst Didring, Swedish writer (d. Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Ernst Didring was an early 20th century author who wrote mainly of life in his home country of Sweden ( October 18 1868, Stockholm - October 1931)
• November 7 - Delfim Moreira, Brazilian president (d. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1492 - The Ensisheim Meteorite the oldest Meteorite with a known date of impact strikes the Earth around noon in a Wheat Delfim Moreira da Costa Ribeiro ( November 7, 1868 &ndash July 1, 1920) was a Brazilian politician 1920)
• November 8 - Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (d. Year 1920 ( MCMXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920 of the Gregorian calendar Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Felix Hausdorff ( November 8, 1868 &ndash January 26, 1942) was a German Mathematician who is considered to be one of the founders 1942)
• November 9 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (d. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Marie Dressler ( November 9, 1868 – July 28, 1934) was an Academy Award -winning Canadian actress 1934)
• November 14 - Arthur Hoey Davis, Australian author (d. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Steele Rudd was the Pseudonym of Arthur Hoey Davis ( 14 November 1868 – 11 October 1935) an Australian author 1935)
• November 22 - John Nance Garner, U.S. Vice President (d. Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran John Nance Garner IV nicknamed "Cactus Jack" (November 22 1868 &ndash November 7 1967 was the forty-fourth Speaker of the United States House of Representatives The Vice President of the United States is the first person in the presidential line of succession, becoming the new President of the United States upon the death 1967)
• December 9 - Fritz Haber, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Fritz Haber (9 December 1868 &ndash 29 January 1934 was a German chemist, who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his development for The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Nobelpriset i kemi is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of Chemistry. 1934)

See also Category: 1868 births. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Deaths

January - June

• February 11 - Léon Foucault, French astronomer (b. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (ʒɑ̃ bɛʁnaʁ leɔ̃ fu'ko ( 18 September 1819 &ndash 11 February 1868) was a French physicist 1819)
• February 29 - King Ludwig I of Bavaria (b. Year 1819 ( MDCCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar in the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours Ludwig I (also rendered in English as Louis I) ( August 25 1786 in Strasbourg &ndash February 29, 1868 in Nice 1786)
• March 4 - Jesse Chisholm, American pioneer (b. Year 1786 ( MDCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 51 - Nero, later to become Roman Emperor, is given the title Princeps iuventutis (head of the youth Jesse Chisholm (1805? - March 4, 1868) was an Indian trader guide and interpreter born in the Hiwassee region of Tennessee, probably in 1805 1805)
• March 28 - James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, British military leader (b. Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Lieutenant General James Thomas Brudenell 7th Earl of Cardigan, KCB (16 October 1797 &ndash 28 March 1868 commanded the Light Brigade of the British Army during 1797)
• April 3 - Franz Berwald, Swedish composer (b. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Franz Adolf Berwald ( July 23, 1796 &ndash April 3, 1868) was a Swedish Romantic Composer who was generally 1796)
• April 7 - Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Canadian father of confederation (assassinated) (b. Year 1796 ( MDCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Thomas D'Arcy McGee, PC, ( April 13, 1825 &ndash April 7, 1868) was a Canadian journalist, Father of Confederation 1825)
• April 13 - Emperor Theodore or Tewodros II of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), by suicide (b. Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Tewodros II ( Ge'ez ቴዎድሮስ also known as Theodore II) (c NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page 1818)
• May 7 - Henry Peter Brougham, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (b. Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux (1778 - 1868 was a British Statesman who became Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor is a senior and important functionary in the Government of the United Kingdom. 1778)
• May 10 - Henry Bennett, American politician (b. Year 1778 ( MDCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. For other people named Henry Bennett see Henry Bennett Henry Bennett ( September 29[[ 808]] - May 10[[ 868]] was a 1808)
• May 17 - Isami Kondo, Commander of the Shinsengumi (b. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1521 - Edward Stafford 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for Treason. was a Japanese Swordsman and Official of the late Edo Period, famed for his role as commander of the Shinsengumi. For the NHK television series see Shinsengumi!. The were a Special police force of the Late shogunate period. 1834)
• May 23 - Kit Carson, American trapper, scout, and Indian agent (b. Year 1834 ( MDCCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1430 - Siege of Compiègne: Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne Christopher Houston "Kit" Carson ( December 24, 1809 &ndash May 23, 1868) was an American Frontiersman 1809)
• June 1 - James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States (b. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected James Buchanan Jr (April 23 1791 – June 1 1868 was the fifteenth President of the United States (1857–1861 The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by 1791)
• June 22 - Heber C. Kimball, Mormon church leader (b. Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Heber Chase Kimball ( June 14, 1801 &ndash June 22, 1868) was a leader in the early Latter Day Saint movement. 1801)

July - December

• July 6 - Sanosuke Harada, Shinsengumi Captain (b. Year 1801 ( MDCCCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Tuesday Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England was a Japanese warrior ( Samurai) who lived in the late Edo period. For the NHK television series see Shinsengumi!. The were a Special police force of the Late shogunate period. 1840)
• July 19 - Soji Okita, Shinsengumi Captain (b. Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Okita Sōji (沖田 総司 (1842 or 1844 - July 19, 1868) was the captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi, a Special police For the NHK television series see Shinsengumi!. The were a Special police force of the Late shogunate period. 1842 or 1844)
• September 19 - William Sprague, American minister and politician from Michigan (b. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. William Sprague ( February 23 1809 &ndash September 19 1868) was a minister and politician in the U 1809)
• September 26 - August Ferdinand Möbius, German mathematician and astronomer (b. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar dedicates a August Ferdinand Möbius ( November 17, 1790 &ndash September 26, 1868, (ˈmøbiʊs was a German Mathematician and 1790)
• October 17 - Laura Secord, Canadian patriot (b. Year 1790 ( MDCCXC) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Laura Secord (born Ingersoll) ( September 13, 1775 &ndash October 17, 1868) was a Canadian heroine of the War of 1812 1775)
• October 18 - Mongkut, Rama IV, King of Thailand (b. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid Sometimes especially in Thai language documents King Mongkut might also refer to Vajiravudh (Rama VI, reigning title Phra Mongkut Klao Chaoyuhua (พระมงกุฏเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว The Chakri dynasty has ruled Thailand since the founding of the Ratthanakosin era in 1782 following the end of Taksin of Thonburi 's reign when the 1804)
• October 27 - Charles Thomas Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. Year 1804 ( MDCCCIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Charles Thomas Longley ( July 28 1794 &ndash October 27 1868) was a priest in the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the 1794)
• November 13 - Gioacchino Rossini, Italian composer (b. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St 1792)
• November 15 - James Mayer Rothschild, German-born banker (b. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 655 - Battle of Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. James de Rothschild ( May 15, 1792 in Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany - November 15, 1868 in Paris France) 1792)
• December 6 - August Schleicher, German linguist (b. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev August Schleicher ( February 19, 1821 – December 6, 1868) was a German linguist born in Meiningen ( Duchy 1821)

See also Category: 1868 deaths. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year